“Lest We Forget”
10,648 names…10,648 stories…10,648 memories
This Day in Goodlove History, August 7
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Jeff Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, Thomas Jefferson, and ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson and George Washington.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
August 7, 117: The Roman Emperor Trajan passes away. Trajan came to think of himself as another Alexander the Great and moved east towards Babylonia with the intent of extending the boundaries of the Roman Empire. One of Trajan’s first moves was to conquer Parthia and then continue his eastward march towards to the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers. Unfortunately for him the Parthians refused to remain conquered. They rebelled against Trajan forcing him turn back and try and subdue them a second time. The Jews of Parthia, many of whose families had fled the Roman Legions fifty years earlier when Rome sacked Jerusalem, were active in the revolt since they had no desire to live under Trajan or any other emperor. If this were not enough reason for Trajan to have no love for the children of Israel, the Diaspora Revolts centered, primarily in the Jewish communities of Egypt and Cyprus broke out in 115, and last until the year of Trajan’s death. These revolts further drew down on the empire’s military might helping to end Trajan’s dreams of glory. [1]
August 7, 1106: Henry IV, the Holy Roman Emperor, passed away. During the period of the First Crusade acted to protect his Jewish subjects giving rise to the notion that rulers of the Holy Roman Empire saw themselves as “guardians” of their Jewish subjects. Henry protected the rights of German Jews to pursue commercial activities. In opposition to the Pope, Henry allowed any Jews who had been forcibly converted to return to Judaism. Any one who harmed “their Jews” were liable to be charged with treason. The price of this protection was the acceptance of the role as “servi camerae,” i.e. “serfs of the imperial chamber.”
1107: Moroccan Alomoravid ruler Yusuf ibn Tashfin ordered all Moroccan Jews to convert or leave.[2] End of Edgar son of Malcolm in Scotland – brother Alexander rules, end of Public Peace of Mainz for the Holy Roman Empire, Death of Edgar ruler of Scotland, Alexander I his Death of Henry I of France Death of Philip I of France – succeded by Louis VI, Louis Vi begins expansion of Capetian Dynasty, Death of Philip I King of France – Louis VI rules to 1137younger brother rules to 1124. [3]
1108: Death of Henry I of France Death of Philip I of France – succeded by Louis VI, Louis Vi begins expansion of Capetian Dynasty, Death of Philip I King of France – Louis VI rules to 1137. [4]
August 7, 1485: Sweating sickness first came to the attention of physicians at the beginning of the reign of Henry VII. It was known a few days after the landing of Henry at Milford Haven on August 7, 1485.[5]
August 7, 1548
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/YoungMaryStuart.jpg/170px-YoungMaryStuart.jpg
http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.22wmf1/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png
Mary around the age of thirteen
With her marriage agreement in place, five-year-old Mary was sent to France to spend the next thirteen years at the French court. The French fleet sent by Henry II, commanded by Nicolas de Villegagnon, sailed with Mary from Dumbarton on August 7, 1548 and arrived a week or more later at Roscoff or Saint-Pol-de-Léon in Brittany.[31] She was accompanied by her own court including two illegitimate half-brothers, and the "four Marys", four girls her own age, all named Mary, who were the daughters of some of the noblest families in Scotland: Beaton, Seton, Fleming, and Livingston.[32] Janet, Lady Fleming, who was Mary Fleming's mother and James V's half-sister, was appointed governess.[33]
Vivacious, beautiful, and clever (according to contemporaneous accounts), Mary had a promising childhood.[34] While in the French court, she was a favourite with everyone, except Henry II's wife Catherine de' Medici.[35] Mary learned to play lute and virginals, was competent in prose, poetry, horsemanship, falconry, and needlework, and was taught French, Italian, Latin, Spanish, and Greek, in addition to speaking her native Scots.[36] Her future sister-in-law, Elisabeth of Valois, became a close friend of whom Mary "retained nostalgic memories in later life".[37] Her maternal grandmother, Antoinette de Bourbon, was another strong influence on her childhood,[38] and acted as one of her principal advisors.[39]
Portraits of Mary show that she had a small, oval-shaped head, a long, graceful neck, bright auburn hair, hazel-brown eyes, under heavy lowered eyelids and finely arched brows, smooth pale skin, a high forehead, and regular, firm features. She was considered a pretty child and later, as a woman, strikingly attractive.[40] At some point in her infancy or childhood, she caught smallpox, but it did not mark her features.[41][6]
Mary was eloquent and especially tall by sixteenth-century standards (she attained an adult height of 5 feet 11 inches or 1.80 m),[42] while Henry II's son and heir, Francis, stuttered and was abnormally short. Henry commented that "from the very first day they met, my son and she got on as well together as if they had known each other for a long time".[43]
August 7, 1766: Catherine Lanham, administratrix, officially verifies the will of Edward Lanham her late husband.[7] In late March or early April 1767, the final accounting of Edward Lanham's estate was made by Daniel and Catherine McKinnon.[8] (It refers to payments made, among others, to Josiah Lanham and John Baynes--interesting names.)[9]
St John's parish register shows Daniel, son of Daniel and Catharine McKinnon was (born April 19, 1767) baptized June 7, 1767.[10] These findings when taken together indicate Daniel re-married and his second wife was Catherine Lanham.[11]
August 7, 1775: Cresswell at Mr. Crawford’s place, waiting for Major Crawford. I believe he is a dilatory man and little dependence can be put in him. [12]
August 7, 1782
General George Washington establishes the Purple Heart as a badge of military merit.[13]
August 7, 1803: The Eel River band of Miami, Wyandot, Piankishaw, Kaskaskia, and also the Kickapoo represented by the Eel River chiefs in a treaty of August 7, 1803 concurred in the cessions for houses of entertainment provided for Article 4 of this treaty.[4][14]
August 7, 1821: George IV's relationship with his wife Caroline had deteriorated by the time of his accession. They had lived separately since 1796, and both were having affairs. In 1814, Caroline left the United Kingdom for continental Europe, but she chose to return for her husband's coronation, and to publicly assert her rights as Queen Consort. However, George IV refused to recognise Caroline as Queen, and commanded British ambassadors to ensure that monarchs in foreign courts did the same. By royal command, Caroline's name was omitted from the Book of Common Prayer, the liturgy of the Church of England. The King sought a divorce, but his advisors suggested that any divorce proceedings might involve the publication of details relating to the King's own adulterous relationships. Therefore, he requested and ensured the introduction of the Pains and Penalties Bill, under which Parliament could have imposed legal penalties without a trial in a court of law. The bill would have annulled the marriage and stripped Caroline of the title of Queen. The bill proved extremely unpopular with the public, and was withdrawn from Parliament. George IV decided, nonetheless, to exclude his wife from his coronation at Westminster Abbey, on July 19, 1821. Caroline fell ill that day and died on August 7; during her final illness she often stated that she thought she had been poisoned.[45][15]
August 7, 1822: The Washington Republican and Congressional Examiner, supportive of John C. Calhoun and opposed to William H. Crawford, commenced publication.[16]
August 7, 1838 – Drane’s party arrived at the Cherokee Nation West with only 722 persons remaining. About 100 persons escaped before the party arrived in Bellefonte, Alabama, and another 300 while the party was stopped there, though many of the latter were recaptured. Seventy-six more escape before Waterloo.[17]
August 7, 1843: Pittsburgh’s first Diocese was formed August 7, 1843 with St. Paul as its cathedral. The cathedral constructed in 1851-53 was sold in 1901 for $1,325,000 for demolition and erection of the Union Trust Building. The present cathedral was built 1903-06 and completed and consecrated October 24, 1906. It cost $885,481.
August 7, 1862: Scott, H. W. W., enlisted August 7, 1862, wounded April 8, 1864, mustered out July 17, 1865. [18]
August 7, 1862: Winans, David C. Age 19. Residence Springville, nativity Ohio. Enlisted August 7, 1862. Mustered September 3, 1862. Promoted Sixth Corporal June 20, 1864. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.[19]
August 7, 1862: Cookus, Joseph. Age 29. Residence Mt. Vernon, nativity Virginia.Enlisted August 7, 1862. Mustered September 3, 1862. Taken prisoner May 16, 1863, Champion’s Hill, Miss. Paroled. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.
August 7, 1863: ESTHER JANE WINANS b October 8, 1836 near Sidney, Shelby Co., Ohio d August 7, 1863 at Springville, Ia. md November 5, 1857 William Goodlove. No children. [20]
Sun. August 7[21][22], 1864
Went back to boliver hospital no better
Saw Dr. Witherwax[23][24]
October 8, 1836 – August 7, 1864
Esther Jane Winans Goodlove
•
Birth:
Oct. 8, 1836
Sidney
Shelby County
Ohio, USA
Death:
Aug. 7, 1864
Springville
Linn County
Iowa, USA
http://www.findagrave.com/icons2/trans.gif
Married November 5, 1857
Family links:
Parents:
Moses Pryor Winans (1808 - 1871)
Susan Simmons Winans (1812 - 1900)
Spouse:
William Harrison Goodlove (1836 - 1916)
Burial:
Springville Cemetery
Springville
Linn County
Iowa, USA
Maintained by: Alice Martin LaRue
Originally Created by: P Fazzini
Record added: Sep 23, 2009
Find A Grave Memorial# 42302896
Esther Jane Winans Goodlove
Added by: Gail Wenhardt
Esther Jane Winans Goodlove
Cemetery Photo
Added by: John Wilkinson
[25]
August 7, 1864[26]
Another interesting observation which I have made of William Harrison Goodlove is that he told in his Civil War Diary of selling all his grain, livestock and personal property and taking “his family” to Springville. Occasionally in his diary he said he wrote “to Wildcat Grove.” I found no further information on Esther, his first wife. Family records indicate they had no children and that she “died at Springville” on August 7, 1864, while he was in the Civil War. They had married November 5, 1857.[27]
August 7, 1864: William Harrison Goodlove (Bk. I, F- 114) was born October 22, 1836, in Moorefield Township, Clark County, Ohio, son of Conrad and Catherine (McKinnon) Goodlove. (Bk. II, F.85) William died January 17, 1916 and is buried at Jordan’s Grove Cemetery. William’s first wife was Ester J. Winans, sister of H. W. Winans, who later served with William in Company H, 24th Infantry during two years of the Civil War. Williaim and Ester were married November 5, 1857. Ester was born in 1836 and died August 7, 1864. No children were born to this union. [28]
Sheridan took command of the Union troops in what was then called the Middle Division on August 7, 1864. He was no one’s first choice for the job. Lincoln and Stanton felt that Sheridan was too young, and Grant would have preferred Major Generals William B. Franklin or George G. Mead. Sheridan himself was reluctant to leave his successes in the Army of the Potomac’s cavalry corps for a field of operation that had spelled disaster to the careers of so many Union generals. Nevertheless, the youthful Major Gereral set about the task of organizing an army with which to defeat Early and to make the Valley of no further use to the Confederacy as a natural food supply. When Sheridan took command of the Army of the Shenandoah, it consisted of the VI Corps comprising three divisions under Major Gereal Horatio Wright, the XIX Corps consisting of two divisions under Brigadier General William H. Emory, the VIII Corps numbering no more than one medium-sized division under Brigadier General George Cook, and two cavalry divisions under Brigadier General Alfred Torbert for a total force of approximately 40,000 men. Except for Wright’s VI Corps, most of the units were untried or had dubious reputations, such as that of the XIX cCorps after the Red River Campaign. Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 7-November 28. [29]
August 7, 1897
Dr. Nettie Gray of Anamosa and Miss Cora Goodlove of Central City were the pleasant guests of Mrs. V. Kemp, Tuesday.[30]
August 7, 1902
(Jordan’s Grove) Mr. and Mrs. William Goodlove are visiting their daughter, Mrs. Gray, at Anamosa.[31]
August 7, 1914 : 1914: Ludwig Wittgenstein, the 25 year old Austrian philosopher volunteered as a gunner in the Austrian army. Wittgenstein’s story was all too common. His paternal grandparents were Jewish. His father, a well-to-do industrialist was raised as a Christian and young Wittgenstein followed in the faith of his father, not his grandfather.[32]
August 7, 1941: Between 2,500 and 3,000 Pinsk Jews are murdered.[33]
August 7, 1941: The Nazis executed 407 Jews in Zhitomir, Russia [34]
August 7, 1942: Guadalcanal Landings
August 7, 1942: When they arrived at Auschwitz on August 7, 214 men were selected for word and received numbers 57103 through 57316. The 96 women selected received numbers 15711 through 15806. The other 704 deprtees were immediately gassed.
To the best of our knowledge, there were only 6 survivors from this convoy in 1945.[35]
In the margin of a telex to Berlin the previous day, asking whether deportations of Jewish children can begin and in what numbers, Horst Ahnert, of the Gestpo’s Paris office, notes that “the RSHA has already confirmed in their telex of August 7 that the children of stateless Jews can be deportecd in adequate proportions.” But again, the August 7 telex did not fix a date for the start of the children’s deportations.[36]
Dannecker and Rothke remind Leguay that 13 convoys should leave Drancy in August and 13 in September. No doubt they have been informed by Drancy that there were only three children among the 2,791 Jews who arrved from the Vichy Zone on August 7, 9, and 12; they suggest to Leguay that Jewish children now be delivered for deportation with adults. Anxious to receive trainloads from the Unoccupied Zpone as quickly as possible to fulfill the conoy schedule for September they ask Leguay to send those due for that monyth’s deprtations as early as the end of August. Leguay promises to do all that he can and to raise the matter immediately with Vichy. Further the
Germans suss to Leguay that Frnch authorities in the Ocupied Zone could turn over Jews found guilty of crimes or misdemeanortrs and that in the Vichy Zone thay could begin arresting and delivering Belgian and Dutch Jews.[37]
August 7, 1942: Evelyne Gottlieb, born April 9, 1934 in Berlin. Resided Berlin. Deportation: ab Westerbork. August 7, 1942, Auschwitz. Todesort Auschwitz, declared legally dead.[38]
On the day the convoy was scheduled to depart, the German Military Command refused to lend further assistance or escorts to the deportation of Jews (XXVb-134). A second document relating to this convoy is XXVb-120 of August 7.
Upon their arrival in Auschwitz, 140 men were left alive and received numbers 58086 through 58225. The women received numbers 16637 through 16736. Seven hundred sixty people were immediately gassed.
To the best of our knowledge, one man, Herbert Fuchs, was the only survivor from this convoy in 1945.[39]
August 7, 1942: Charles Marcus STEPHENSON. Born on February 4, 1842 in Howard County, Missouri. Charles Marcus died in Mendon, Chariton County, Missouri on December 2, 1927; he was 85.
On October 22, 1882 when Charles Marcus was 40, he married Maggie HOLMES, in St. Charles, Missouri. Born on December 11, 1858 in Saline County, Missouri. Maggie died in Chariton County, Missouri on August 7, 1942; she was 83. Was on the census for 52 Years Old in 1910.
They had the following children:
i. William C. Born in 1887.
ii. S. E. Born in 1890.
iii. Charles B. Born in 1896.
iv. Laura E. [40]
August 7, 2012
Seeing Cerise: Defining Colors in Webster’s Third
When you spend all your time in a book, you think you know it. All the editors at Merriam-Webster know the Third, but now that we’re undertaking a revision of the beast, we’re ears-deep in it, drowning in stuffy single-statement definitions. Each of us breathes a bit shallower when we start futzing around with Philip Babcock Gove’s defining style, waiting for his ghost to dock our pay or perhaps cuff us upside the head as we sully his great work. Add to this the fact that, it’s true, familiarity does breed contempt. At least once a batch, I look at a perfectly constructed definition, accurate and dispassionate to the point of inhumanity, and wish I could add a wildly inappropriate example sentence just to liven things up a bit, like
begonia n … 3 : a deep pink that is bluer, lighter, and stronger than average coral (sense 3b), bluer than fiesta, and bluer and stronger than sweet william — called also gaiety
I lit up like a used car lot. As I was at my desk on the editorial floor, and my cubemate was in a foul mood owing to an e-mail he had received about the thesaurus entry for “love,” I very carefully laid my palms flat on my desk to keep myself from clapping and merely mouthed the words “average coral (sense 3b)” four times. It was, as far as I could tell, an accurate definition–but it was so evocative and full of personality that I began to wonder if it had been slipped in after Gove shuffled off this mortal coil and joined the editorial floor invisible.
So began a deep-pink goose chase through the Third, as I looked for “fiesta,” then “sweet william,” and then “average coral.” I eventually ended up at “coral,” where sense 3c yielded up the fresh wonder, “a strong pink that is yellower and stronger than carnation rose, bluer, stronger, and slightly lighter than rose d’Althaea, and lighter, stronger, and slightly yellower than sea pink.” Carnation rose was clearly the color of the pinkish flower on the tin of Carnation Evaporated Milk, and Rose d’Althaea was clearly Scarlett O’Hara’s flouncy cousin, but it was the last color that captivated me. “Sea pink,” I murmured, and incurred the harumphing wrath of my neighbor. As he stalked off to find a quieter corner, I wanted to stand up and shout, “I grew up 1500 miles from an ocean! I didn’t know the sea was pink!”
The Third’s color definitions became my break from defining or proofreading. After staring into the middle distance for a few seconds, I’d think of a color and look it up in the Third, invariably ending my chromatic excursions with a fool grin on my face. Vermillion: “a variable color averaging a vivid reddish orange that is redder, darker, and slightly stronger than chrome orange, redder and darker than golden poppy, and redder and lighter than international orange.” Lapis lazuli blue: “a moderate blue that is redder and duller than average copen and redder and deeper than azurite blue, dresden blue, or pompadour.” Cadet: “a grayish blue that is redder and paler than electric, redder and duller than copenhagen, and less strong and very slightly redder than Gobelin.” Electric! Copen! International orange! Prior to “begonia,” the Third was a middle-aged management man with a Brylcreemed combover, in well-pressed shirt-sleeves and pants that were a bit too tight at the waist, full of busy self-importance. Now, he was the same middle-aged manager, but unbeknownst to the rest of the office, he danced flamenco on the weekends.
How did this all this flamenco dancing slip past Gove, the authoritarian curmudgeon who oversaw the creation of Third?
Of course, nothing of this magnitude would have slipped past Gove. The color definitions in the Third were very carefully engineered in accordance with Gove’s vision of a dictionary that was not only completely objective and precise, but was also the most scientifically minded dictionary of its day. One only need look as far as the masthead of the Third to see the lengths that Gove went to: 202 lengths, all listed under the tidy heading, “Outside Consultants.” These consultants were pedigreed and heavily degreed experts in their respective fields, and their job was to provide direction for specialty areas that in-house editors may not have had much experience with, such as the Mayan calendar, traffic regulations, and (gasp) coffee. Gove took his color definitions seriously. There are seven consultants listed for color; there are only four total consultants for mathematics and physics.
The color definitions in the Third are a meeting of old and new. The chief color consultant for the Third was Isaac H. Godlove, a man whose name means nothing to you unless you study the history of color theory. Since fewer people study the history of color theory than do lexicography full-time, I will tell you that Godlove was the chairman of the Committee of Measurement and Specification of the Inter-Society Color Council, a member of the Colorimetry Committee of the Optical Society, director of the Munsell Research Laboratory (which gave rise to the Munsell Color Company, a company that was evidently formed specifically to standardize colors), and a guy whose business cards must have been double-thick fold-out jobbies. He was also the color consultant for Webster’s Second New International Dictionary.
For Webster’s Second, Dr. Godlove developed a system of defining colors by hue, saturation, and brilliance. “Cherry,” for instance, is defined in the Second as “A bright-red color; specif., a color, yellowish-red in hue, of very high saturation and medium brilliance.” If this doesn’t call to mind an exact color–and I don’t see how it could unless you were a colorimetrist–the Second helpfully requests that you also see the entry for “color.” The entry for “color” is three columns long in the Second, begins with the label “Psychophysics,” and includes a lively discussion on the different ways to measure hue, the nature of light waves, and the neurochemical impulses that, when combined, potentially yield the sensation we refer to as “color.” There are graphs and two color plates. It is serious business.
Godlove’s work as a colorist was brilliant, and Gove likely knew it. (He may have been a workaholic perfectionist who pioneered the Rule of Silence, but he wasn’t a moron.) To duplicate this sort of defining system would have cost time and money, and Gove hated anything that breathed inefficiency. It seemed best, then, to use the framework that Godlove had set up for the Second. There was one snag: these standardized definitions that appealed to an objective standard set up by The Standards People couldn’t stand on their own. Every definition followed the same pattern: “a color, [color name] in hue, of [high/medium/low] saturation, and [high/medium/low] brilliance Cf. COLOR.” But apart from one reference to an indistinct and very subjectively observed color, like “yellowish yellow-green” at “holly green,” there was nothing in the definition to orient the casual reader apart from the color plates given at the colossal brain-twisting entry at “color.” And, of course, there weren’t color swatches for every color defined in the Second. “Holly green” is only the yellowish yellow-green that is of low saturation and medium brilliance, whatever that may be.
Gove called Godlove back in to work on the color definitions of the Third, and to entice him, he gave him a team of color theorists to boss around. As astonishing as it sounds, color names had been increasingly standardized since the 1930s, and their use had even been analyzed in mass-marketing–very sciencey!–and these guidelines and findings were to be incorporated into the Third. Who better to do this than the man who helped pioneer color standards?
The working files for the Third begin with the Black Books: our editorial style guide as written by Gove and adhered to by editors under pain of death (or a stern note from Gove, which was essentially the same thing). The Black Books are 600-plus pages of single-spaced directions filed in loose-leaf black binders, and they used to sit on the top of one of our long banks of citation drawers, lending that little warren an air of regimented malevolence. You only had to look at them to feel the ghost of Gove march past you, wondering why you were gawking instead of busting your hump on the E file.
The Black Books have much to say on many things, but less to say on the color definitions than you’d think. Perhaps the very first sentence is all that Gove needed to say: “Godlove’s psychophysical defs of color names and their references had better be regarded as sacrosanct.” Full stop. General editors were absolutely not to be mucking about in the color definitions.
Gove let Godlove use the latest scientific techniques in discussing color: there are color plates in the Third, as there were in the Second, and there is an entire page devoted to explaining the color charts and descriptive color names in the Third, as well as a five-page long dye chart tucked neatly in between the first and second homographs of the word “dye.” (The explanation of color charts in the Third abandons the discussion of psychophysicality and favors equations. Very Cold War.) But there are two big differences between the Second and the Third.
The first is that the color definitions in the Third were to be relational–that is, every color could be defined as being more or less of something than another color entered in the Third. Formulaic statements regarding the hue, saturation, and brilliance (now called “lightness”) of a color were insufficient. The other revolution is that the analyzed work of “color specialists from Sears Roebuck and Montgomery Ward,” as Gove put it, would be used in defining the color names in the Third. In other words, users of the Third were not just going to get the names of colors that were considered scientific standards: they were going to get the names of this fall’s fashions in the Monkey Ward’s catalog. Gove sums up: “The range therefore is in the direction of the layman.”
And what a kaleidoscope the layman got. You could spend an hour alone getting lost in “cerise” (“a moderate red that is slightly darker than claret (sense 3a), slightly lighter than Harvard crimson (sense 1), very slightly bluer and duller than average strawberry (sense 2a), and bluer and very slightly lighter than Turkey red”). No doubt people did. That may explain why we don’t define colors this way anymore.
The Third, with its zeal for modernism and science and objectivity, sometimes lost sight of the forest for all the xylem and phloem. As specific as the definition of “cerise” is–and as smart as I am–all I get out of that is that “cerise” means “moderate red” and that there is more than one sense of “Harvard crimson,” which must really piss Yale off.
Let’s also take into account that if we’re doing our job–defining from citations–then colors are frustratingly, pound-on-the-desk difficult to pin down. Text-only citations give you absolutely nothing to go on: “Misses large, available in Cranberry, Olive, Cinnamon, Ochre, Cadet, Holly, Taupe.” These might as well be the names of the Seven Dwarves for all the information they give me.
Clearly, then, you need a color swatch. That should make matters easier. Here’s a swatch for you:
http://korystamper.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/tau-ho-ho-hope.jpg?w=500&h=59
That is a quick Google image search for “taupe color swatch.” Some of those colors are distinctly not what I think of when I think of “taupe.” And that’s part of the problem.
Even taking printing or monitor differences into account, the fact is that the use of color names is standard, but the things those names represent are not. One man’s “taupe” is another’s “beige” is another’s “bone” is another’s “eggshell” is another’s “sand” is another’s “tan.” By the time I came around, we had given up on Godlove’s precision and instead gave the very first part of the Third’s definition for most colors: “cerise” is, in the Collegiate, “a moderate red.” That’s not terribly specific, but it does allow for variations in reproduction, marketing uses, and psychophysical observations of a wide variety of colors that are called “cerise.” (Please do not tell me you are red-green colorblind.)
The only place where a little poetry comes back into the dictionary is at the definitions for the basic Roy G. Biv: the colors of the visible spectrum. In defining those colors, we hearken back to generations of lexicographers before us (even back to Grumpy Uncle Noah) and play a bit of word association: when I say “blue,” the first thing you picture is…what?
For some poor schmuck, stuck indoors at some point in the 1850s revising Webster’s 1847 dictionary, blue was the clear sky. Collegiate definers have determined that red is blood or rubies. Green is growing grass, or maybe it’s emeralds, and yellow is ripe lemons or sunflowers. Whimsy does still take a backseat to practical matters, though. “Orange” presented problems–after all, what’s orange? Oranges, of all things, and you can’t say, with a straight face, that the color orange is the color of oranges without deserving a good smack.
You’d think that this word association would work well enough, but there’s always tweaking that needs to be done. Cerise, for instance, is the color of…what, exactly? I’ll tell you what: it is the color of a suit set my grandmother owned and only wore to Christmas brunches at the Aviation Club, where she would sit me down in my velveteen layer-cake of a holiday dress and demand my silence while she and Mrs. Tannendorf would drink mimosas and bloody Marys and pine for the good old days of Eisenhower. That suit is, I am telling you, exactly cerise, but that doesn’t do you much good, does it? You also can’t make sweeping assumptions about your reader. Sunflowers are yellow–but chances are good that if someone learning English knows what the word “sunflower” means, they probably know what “yellow” means as well. We had to get a bit more creative when we wrote our own ESL dictionary (here the ghost of Gove frowns): “orange” in our Learner’s Dictionary is not a color between red and yellow, as it is in the Collegiate. It is the color of fire or carrots.
It’s not that these picturesque color definitions are more correct or incorrect than the definitions before them. But defining colors is a bit like defining the word “love”: likely to make you sound like a nitwit in the real world. You could argue that a straight-up scientific approach is best; that no comparisons should be made at all in color definitions. But after the labyrinth of the Third’s “cerise,” the simplest route is beguiling: Yellow is the color of the sun or ripe lemons. Green is grass; red is blood, brown is coffee or chocolate. And blue is still the color of the clear sky.
(Please do not tell me you are blue-green colorblind.)[41]
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[1] This Day in Jewish History
[2] Www.wikipedia.org
[3] mike@abcomputers.com
[4] mike@abcomputers.com
[5] Wikipedia
[6] Wikipedia
[7] (Research notes of Miss JoAnn Naugle published by private letter.)
[8] (Abstract of the Balance Books of the Perogative Court of Maryland, Liber 4 & 5, 1763-1700 V.L. Schinner, Jr. http//users.erol.com/sailer/lanham.html), Index to the Probate Records of Prince George's MD, 1696-1900, Prince George's Genealogical Society, 1988, Page 114.)
[9] Letter from JoAnn Naugle, 1985
[10] (Maryland State Archives, St. John's Parish Records, M 229, Original Page 97 or reviesed . Page 341.)
[11] (http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[12] (Cresswell) From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969 pg. 140.
[13] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[14] Wikipedia
[15] Wikipedia
[16] The Papers of Andrew Jackson, Volume V, 1821-1824
[17] Timetable of Cherokee Removal.
[18] http://iagenweb.org/muscatine/biographies1879/civilwarvolroster.htm
[19] http://iagenweb.org/civilwar/books/logn/mil508.htm
[20] http://cwcfamily.org/egy3.htm
[21] Sheridan took command of the Union troops in what was then called the Middle Division on August 7, 1864. He was no one’s first choice for the job. Lincoln and Stanton felt that Sheridan was too young, and Grant would have preferred Major Generals William B. Franklin or George G. Mead. Sheridan himself was reluctant to leave his successes in the Army of the Potomac’s cavalry corps for a field of operation that had spelled disaster to the careers of so many Union generals. Nevertheless, the youthful Major Gereral set about the task of organizing an army with which to defeat Early and to make the Valley of no further use to the Confederacy as a natural food supply. When Sheridan took command of the Army of the Shenandoah, it consisted of the VI Corps comprising three divisions under Major Gereal Horatio Wright, the XIX Corps consisting of two divisions under Brigadier General William H. Emory, the VIII Corps numbering no more than one medium-sized division under Brigadier General George Cook, and two cavalry divisions under Brigadier General Alfred Torbert for a total force of approximately 40,000 men. Except for Wright’s VI Corps, most of the units were untried or had dubious reputations, such as that of the XIX cCorps after the Red River Campaign. Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 7-November 28. (A History of the 24th Iowa Infantry 1862-1865 by Harvey H. Kimble Jr. August 1974. page 160)
UNION IOWA VOLUNTEERS, 24th Regiment, Iowa Infantry: http://www.itd.nps.gov/cwss/template.cfm?unitname=24th%20Regiment%2C%20Iowa%20Infantry&unitcode=UIA0024RI
[22]
Susan Simmons Winans was born February 18, 1812. When she was six months old, and with her parents at Ft. Dearborn at the massacre there; August 15, 1812. Her father was killed, and her mother and she were taken prisoners by the Indians, and held six months or more; a little brother 3 years old was also killed. In the following spring, mother, with Susan made her way to friends in Miami Co., Ohio. Susan was the mother of Ester Winans, William Harrison Goodlove’s first wife, who passed away on this date, August 7, 1864.
[23] John M. Witherwax. Age 51. Residence Davenport, nativity New York. Appointed Assistant Surgeon Sept. 23, 1862. Mustered Sept. 23, 1862. Promoted Surgeon June 10, 1863. Taken prisoner April 8, 1864, Mansfield, La. Resigned Nov. 4, 1864, Virginia.
[24] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary annotated by Jeffery Lee Goodlove
[25] http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Goodlove&GSbyrel=in&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=42302896&
[26] Hardy County’s 10 Civil War Trails Markers
Battle of Moorefield (Start)
Trails sign located at 5196 US Route 220, Old Fields WV 26845
Union troopers under Gen. William W. Averell surprised, attacked and routed
Confederate cavalry under Gen. Bradley T. Johnson camped here August 7, 1864.
Battle of Moorefield (Running for the Hills)
Trails sign located at 149 Hyde St, Moorefield WV 26836
Johnson’s troops were pushed back to this area where more Confederates under Gen. John McCausland were camped. The two Southern units tried to form a defensive line but they were outgunned and flanked by the Union troopers. The Confederates were forced to run for the hills. During the battle the Southern cavalry lost four cannon, 400 men and hundreds of hard-to-replace horses.
http://www.visithardy.com/civil-war/wv-civil-war-history/
[27] Conrad and Caty, 2003, Gary Lee Goodlove
[28] Winton Goodlove:A History of Central City Ia and the Surrounding Area Book ll 1999
[29] (A History of the 24th Iowa Infantry 1862-1865 by Harvey H. Kimble Jr. August 1974. page 160)
UNION IOWA VOLUNTEERS, 24th Regiment, Iowa Infantry: http://www.itd.nps.gov/cwss/template.cfm?unitname=24th%20Regiment%2C%20Iowa%20Infantry&unitcode=UIA0024RI
[30] Winton Goodlove papers.
[31] Winton Goodlove papers.
[32] This Day in Jewish History
[33] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1767.
[34] This Day in Jewish History.
[35] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld page 125.
[36] French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial by Serge Klarsfeld, page 46.
[37] French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial by Serge Klarsfeld, page 46 and 47.
[38] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
{2}Gedenkbuch Berlins
Der judishchen Opfer des Nationalsozialismus
“Ihre Namen mogen nie versessen werden!”
[39] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld. Page 140.
[40] www.frontierfolk.net/ramsha_research/families/Stephenson.rtf
[41] http://korystamper.wordpress.com/
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