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Jeffery Lee Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), Jefferson, LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, and including ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Adams, John Quincy Adams and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Martin Van Buren, Teddy Roosevelt, U.S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison “The Signer”, Benjamin Harrison, Jimmy Carter, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, William Taft, John Tyler (10th President), James Polk (11th President)Zachary Taylor, and Abraham Lincoln.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://wwwfamilytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004
Birthdays on July 6…
Daniel B. Adams
George E. Armstrong
Velma L. Armstrong Repstie
Louise Bebb
Deena L. Beebe Osweiler
Priscilla Davidson Brittain
Clarence L. Godlove
Gladys L. Goodlove Miller
Mike J. Kenny
Inez M. Kruse Topinka
Harold D. LeClere
Maximilian I.o. Mexico
Danna L. Prigg Morfey
Albert J. Schwartz
July 6, 1415: AD 1414 – 1418 Council of Constance - orders burning of John Hus
John Huss (c. 1369 - 1415) was a Czech (living in the area then known as Bohemia) religious thinker, philosopher, and reformer, master at Charles University in Prague. His followers became known as Hussites. The Roman Catholic Church considered his teachings heretical, and Hus was excommunicated in 1411, condemned by the Council of Constance, and burned at the stake on July 6, 1415, in Konstanz (aka Constance), Germany.
Huss, was opposed of the Roman Catholic ideals, especially of 'Indulgence', thus causing his excommunication and murder.
Indulgence - In the Roman Catholic Church, a declaration by church authorities that those who say certain prayers or do good deeds will have some or all of their punishment in purgatory remitted. 1 ‡ In the Middle Ages, indulgences were frequently sold, and the teaching on indulgences was often distorted. The attack by Martin Luther on the sale of indulgences began the Reformation.(The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition. 2002).
The storm of the Protestant Revolt ignited from the doctrine of indulgences. Martin Luther charged at first that indulgences were mere reductions in canonical penance. Later, he asserted that indulgences were not found in Scriptures. Tradition could not be appealed to, as the Bible, for him, is the only source of Revelation. Further, Luther asserted that salvation is a matter of faith alone; works, including indulgences, are superfluous and thus malign the redemptory work of Jesus. Thus, the core of Protestantism strikes at this doctrine.[27] [1]
AD 1428 - John Wycliffe's bones dug up and burned
The first hand-written English language Bible manuscripts were produced in the 1380's AD by John Wycliffe, an Oxford professor, scholar, and theologian. Wycliffe, (also spelled “Wycliff” & “Wyclif”), was well-known throughout Europe for his opposition to the teaching of the organized Church, which he believed to be contrary to the Bible.
Wycliffe produced dozens of English language manuscript copies of the scriptures. They were translated out of the Latin Vulgate, which was the only source text available to Wycliffe. The Pope was so infuriated by his teachings and his translation of the Bible into English, that 44 years after Wycliffe had died, he ordered the bones to be dug-up, crushed, and scattered in the river! [28]
AD 1431 - Pope Eugenius IV
Denzinger 714... It (the Roman Church) believes, professes, and proclaims that those not living within the Catholic Church, not only pagans, but also Jews and heretics and schismatics cannot become participants in eternal life, but will depart "into everlasting fire which was prepared for the devil and his angels" [Matt. 25:41], unless before the end of life the same have been added to the flock; and that the unity of the ecclesiastical body is so strong that only to those remaining in it are the sacraments of the Church of benefit for salvation, and do fasting, almsgiving, and other functions of piety and exercises of Christian service produce eternal reward, and that no one, whatever almsgiving he has practiced, even if he has shed blood for the name of Christ, can be saved, unless he has remained in the bosom and unity of the Catholic Church.(Pope Eugenius IV 1441)[29]
AD 1431 – 1445 Council of Basel - condemns Sabbath keeping by Jewish converts
By these salutary instructions it desires to provide measures whereby Jews and other infidels may be converted to the orthodox faith and converts may remain steadfastly in it. It therefore decrees that all diocesan bishops should depute persons well trained in scripture, several times a year, in the places where Jews and other infidels live, to preach and expound the truth of the catholic faith in such a way that the infidels who hear it can recognize their errors. They should compel infidels of both sexes who have reached the age of discretion, to attend these sermons under pain both of being excluded from business dealings with the faithful and of other apposite penalties.
They should not be given other public offices, or admitted to any academic degrees, or allowed to have on lease lands or other ecclesiastical rents. They are to be forbidden to buy ecclesiastical books, chalices, crosses and other ornaments of churches under pain of the loss of the object, or to accept them in pledge under pain of the loss of the money that they lent. They are to be compelled, under severe penalties, to wear some garment whereby they can be clearly distinguished from Christians. In order to prevent too much intercourse, they should be made to dwell in areas, in the cities and towns, which are apart from the dwellings of Christians and as far distant as possible from churches. On Sundays and other solemn festivals they should not dare to have their shops open or to work in public.
Converts should be forbidden, under pain of severe penalties, to bury the dead according to the Jewish custom or to observe in any way the Sabbath and other solemnities and rites of their old sect. Rather, they should frequent our churches and sermons, like other Catholics, and conform themselves in everything to Christian customs. Those who show contempt for the above should be dilated to the diocesan bishops or inquisitors of heresy by their parish priests, or by others who are entrusted by law or ancient custom with inquiring into such matters, or by anyone else at all. Let them be so punished, with the aid of the secular arm if need be, as to give an example to others.
If converts fail to correct themselves after a canonical warning, and as Judaizers are found to have returned to their vomit, let proceedings be taken against them as against perfidious heretics in conformity with the enactment of the sacred canons. If there have been granted to Jews or infidels, or perhaps shall be granted to them in the future, any indults or privileges by any ecclesiastics or secular persons, of whatever status or dignity, even papal or imperial, which tend in any way to the detriment of the catholic faith, the Christian name or anything mentioned above, this holy synod decrees them quashed and annulled [30]
AD 1435 - Forced conversion of Jews in Spain
Desiring to unify their Spanish empire, King Recaredo (586-601 ) converted to Roman Catholicism proclaiming it the official and only religion. Hence, convert or lose citizenship which had been enjoyed by Hispano-Romans, regardless of religion, Pagan, Jewish or Christian.
The onset of the re conquest of Spain from the Moors found the Catholic church giving that endeavor a "crusading" aspect. While the re conquest had its national goal of reunification of Spain into one state, the church was determined not only to eject the " infidel" but to impose their religion, as the only one for all of Spain.
Proselytizing, (trying to convert) became in their hands not a debate or contest for men's minds but a weapon by which to force their conversion. The church made it mandatory for Jews and infidels to attend sermons where the clergy would preach. They often used Jewish converts to deliver the sermons.[31] [2]
July 6, 1535: – Sir Thomas More executed for failing to swear his oath on the Act of Succession because it denied the Pope’s authority in England. [3]
July 6, 1540: Anne of Cleves was informed of her husband's decision to reconsider the marriage. Witness statements were taken from a number of courtiers and two physicians which register the king's disappointment at her appearance. Henry had also commented to Thomas Heneage and Anthony Denny that he could not believe she was a virgin.[9] Shortly afterwards, Anne was asked for her consent to an annulment, to which she agreed. [4]
July 6, 1553. — On July 6, 1553, at the age of 15, Edward VI died from a lung infection, possibly tuberculosis at Greenwich Palace. [5]
He did not want the crown to go to Mary because he feared she would restore Catholicism and undo his reforms, as well as those of Henry VIII, and so he planned to exclude her from the line of succession. His advisers, however, told him that he could not disinherit only one of his sisters, but that he would have to disinherit Elizabeth as well, even though she embraced the Church of England. Guided by John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, and perhaps others, Edward excluded both of his sisters from the line of succession in his will.[69]
Contradicting the Succession Act, which restored Mary and Elizabeth to the line of succession, Edward named Dudley's daughter-in-law Lady Jane Grey, the granddaughter of Henry VIII's younger sister Mary, as his successor. Lady Jane's mother was Frances Brandon, who was Mary's cousin and goddaughter. Just before Edward VI's death, Mary was summoned to London to visit her dying brother. She was warned, however, that the summons was a pretext on which to capture her and thereby facilitate Lady Jane's accession to the throne.[70] Instead of heading to London from her residence at Hunsdon, Mary fled into East Anglia, where she owned extensive estates and Dudley had ruthlessly put down Kett's Rebellion. Many adherents to the Catholic faith, opponents of Dudley, lived there.[71]Many contemporary legal theorists believed the monarch could not contravene an Act of Parliament without passing a new one that would have established the altered succession;[citation needed] Jane's Grey’s claim to the throne therefore remained weak. [6]
His sister Mary succeeds him, and reestablishes the Catholic religion. [7]
Edward VI died on July 6, 1553, aged 15. His will swept aside the Succession to the Crown Act 1543, excluded both Mary and Elizabeth from the succession, and instead declared as his heir Lady Jane Grey, granddaughter of Henry VIII's sister Mary, Duchess of Suffolk. Lady Jane was proclaimed queen by the Privy Council, but her support quickly crumbled, and she was deposed after nine days. Mary rode triumphantly into London, with Elizabeth at her side.[29]
The show of solidarity between the sisters did not last long. Mary, a devout Catholic, was determined to crush the Protestant faith in which Elizabeth had been educated, and she ordered that everyone attend Catholic Mass; Elizabeth had to outwardly conform. Mary's initial popularity ebbed away in 1554 when she announced plans to marry Prince Philip of Spain, the son of Emperor Charles V and an active Catholic.[30] Discontent spread rapidly through the country, and many looked to Elizabeth as a focus for their opposition to Mary's religious policies. [8]
July 6, 1553: Knox returned to London in order to deliver a sermon before the King and the Court during Lent and he again refused to take the assigned post. Knox was then told to preach in Buckinghamshire and he remained there until Edward's death on July 6.[38] Edward's successor, Mary Tudor, re-established Roman Catholicism in England and restored the Mass in all the churches. [9]
July 6, 1560: The treaty of Edinburgh is signed, English and French troops retreat from Scotland. [10] Whereby the ambassadors of Francis II and Mary acknowledge that as the crowns of England and Ireland pertain by right to Elizabeth, their sovereigns ought to relinquish the arms and titles of king and queen of these two kingdoms. [11] Under the terms of the Treaty of Edinburgh, signed by Mary's representatives on July 6, 1560, France and England undertook to withdraw troops from Scotland and France recognised Elizabeth's right to rule England. However, the seventeen-year-old Mary, still in France and grieving for her mother, refused to ratify the treaty.[56]
Return to Scotland
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Mary's all-white mourning garb earned her the sobriquet La Reine Blanche ("the White Queen").[57][12]
July 6, 1573: Confirmation of the peace concluded in France with the Protestants. [13] Henry continued to take an active role in the French Wars of Religion, and in 1572/1573 led the siege of La Rochelle, a massive military assault on the Huguenot-held city of La Rochelle by Catholic troops during the fourth phase of the Wars of Religion. At the end of May 1573 Henry learned that the Polish szlachta had elected him as King of Poland, a country with a large Protestant minority, and political considerations forced him to negotiate an end to the assault. Negotiators reached an agreement on June 24, 1573, and Catholic troops ended the siege on July 6, 1573. [14]
July 6, 1586: Babington replies to the first letter which Mary had written to him, and on the same day Babington's letter is forwarded to Walsingham, at London. [15]
July 6, 1664: " I believe this John at St. Andrews Cambridge was the common ancestor of Antony of Over and Richard Peter, son of John and died in 1593, was their father. Richard became the father of Benjamin, Clerk of Council in VA, 1630, and Antony of Over was the father of Antony, who, according to Nugent, came to VA in 1630, and is the direct ancestor of the Long, Nash, Halbert and Simonton line. Antony II was the father of Richard Harrison who received a land patent in VA July 6, 1664 (Nugent). He, in turn was the father of Andrew who married Eleanor_________, and left a will in Essex co. VA, 1718." [S9] [16]
Richard Harrison apparently patented lands in Virginia on July 6, 1664.[17] At present all that is known of Richard Harrison is that he was brother to George,. Andrew, and James and son of Anthony.[18]
July 6, 1685: Charles's eldest son, the Duke of Monmouth, led a rebellion against James II, but was defeated at the Battle of Sedgemoor on July 6, 1685, captured and executed. James was eventually dethroned in 1688, in the course of the Glorious Revolution. He was the last Catholic monarch to rule Britain.
Gilt statue
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A 1676 statue of Charles II in ancient Roman dress by Grinling Gibbons has stood in the Figure Court of the Royal Hospital Chelsea since 1692.
Looking back on Charles's reign, Tories tended to view it as a time of benevolent monarchy whereas Whigs perceived it as a terrible despotism. Today it is possible to assess Charles without the taint of partisanship, and he is seen as more of a lovable rogue—in the words of his contemporary John Evelyn: "a prince of many virtues and many great imperfections, debonair, easy of access, not bloody or cruel".[72] John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, wrote more lewdly of Charles:
Restless he rolls from whore to whore
A merry monarch, scandalous and poor.[73]
Charles, a patron of the arts and sciences, founded the Royal Observatory and supported the Royal Society, a scientific group whose early members included Robert Hooke, Robert Boyle and Sir Isaac Newton. Charles was the personal patron of Sir Christopher Wren, the architect who helped rebuild London after the Great Fire and who constructed the Royal Hospital Chelsea, which Charles founded as a home for retired soldiers in 1682.[19]
July 6, 1752: Eyewittness reports of cannibalism after the attack
At least two eyewitness accounts refer to cannibalism that occurred after the attack. William Trent kept a journal of a 1752 trip to visit the Twightwee Indians. When he was at ―lower Sawanees town‖, he encountered traders Thomas Burney[20] and Andrew McBryer, whom he described as the ―only two men that escaped, when the town was attacked‖. Trent‘s July 6, 1752 journal entry describes their eyewitness account, and includes the sentence ―One of the whitemen that was wounded in the belly, as soon as they got him they stabbed and scalped, and took out his heart and eat it.‖
In his 1902 book ―History of Ohio‖, Rowland H. Rerick states:
As soon as they could take a, French scalp in retaliation, the Maumees of Pickawillany sent
Burney with it and a message to the governors of Virginia and Pennsylvania, saying: ―We saw our great Piankeshaw king taken, killed and eaten within a hundred yards of the fort, and before our faces. We now look upon ourselves as a lost people, fearing our brothers will leave us; but,before we will be subject to the French, or call them our fathers, we will perish here.‖[21]
July 6, 1773:
Tuesday, January 24, 2006[22]
July 6, 1773
When Justice William Crawford presided at the second term of the criminql court beginning on July 6, 1773, the minutes show that the criminal court beginning on July 6, 1773, the minutes show that the proceedings were regular and that the Court had a lot of things to do. Unquestionably there was due decorum, commensurate with the proper administration of the English law.
On that warm day in July, with a good crowd at court, there came up for consideration the case of The King v. David McCacen, the defendant being charged with an assault and battery on Dr. David Marchand, prominent physician and chruchman, who lived on the waters of the Little Sewickley about midway between Fort Allen and Brush Creek Church, where he was a member. Dr. Marchand was held in ₤20 security, so that he would be at court at the next session to “testify for his Majesty.” [23]
The Court of Common Pleas began its work in earnest at the July term, 1773. Close to him was the famed Captain Arthur St. Clair, who was also a justice, and to whom was intrusted the keeping of the court records. In those days one man could fill the several county offices, such as prothonotary, clerk, register, and recorder of deeds. Most of the records of the court were actually written by St. Clairs’s clerk, James Brison, who served under succeeding prothonotaries. When Allegheny County was erected fifteen years later, James Brison became its first prothonotary and served for almost twenty years. [24]
July 6, 1776:
uc06330
This is the only surviving fragment of the broadside of the Declaration of Independence printed by John Dunlap and sent on July 6, 1776, to George Washington by John Hancock, President of the Continental Congress in Philadelphia.[25]
July 6, 1777
American forces abandon Fort Ticonderoga, New York, after an attack by a superior British army under General Burgoyne.[26]
Second Battle of Ticonderoga - July 5 - July 6, 1777 .[27]
July 6, 1781: John Bowyer settled, 1753, in Augusta County, becoming a school-master, Captain
of militiain 1763; Justice of the Peace, 1770; Land Commissioner, 1776; Lieut. Colonel of Stephenson's Virginia Riflemen; joined Lafayette in the Yorktown campaign; wounded July 6, 1781, at Jamestown Ford (Battle of Greenspring) . He lived near Lexington, Rockbridge County, where he died in 1806. [28]
July 6, 1781: Battle of Green Spring -.[29]
July 6, 1782: Lieut. Rose in writing June 13, 1782, to Gen. Irvine, says: "Our loss
will not exceed thirty in killed and missing." The Pennsylvania Journal
and Weekly Advertiser of July 6, 1782, estimates the missing at from
fifty to seventy. "The entire loss was about fifty men." (Washington-
Irvine Correspondence, p. 123.) "The result is a total loss of less than
seventy." (Crawford's Campaign, p. 259.)[30]
July 6, 1782: Battle of Negapatam - July 6, 1782.[31]
William Croghan[32] to William Davies, July 6, 1782
FORT Pitt, June [July] 6, 1782.
DEAR COLONEL:
[Speaks of having been captured May 12, 1780, at Charleston, & greatly wishes to be exchanged.][33]
Gen. Irvine commands at this post, where he has so few Continental troops (about 200 for duty) that ‘tis not in his power to go from the garrison against the Indians, who are daily committing murders through this country. The Pennsylvania militia formed an expedition against the Indians about three months ago; but instead of going against the enemies of the country, they turned their thoughts on a robbing, plundering, murdering scheme, on our well-known friends, the Moravian Indians, all of whom they met they in the most cool and deliberate manner (after living with them apparently in a friendly manner for three days) men, women & children, in all ninety three, tomahawked, scalped & burned, except one boy, who after being scalped made his escape to the Delaware Indians (relations of the Moravians) who have ever since been exceeding cruel to all prisoners they have taken.
About six weeks ago, 500 volunteers of this country, commanded by (our old) Colonel William Crawford, went on an expedition against the Indian towns’ - - - the men behaved amiss (were Cowardly) no more than about 100 having fought the Indians, who came out from their towns to meet them - - - the firing continued at long shot with rifles for near two days - - - the second evening our Party broke off & retreated in the most disorderly manner - - - Colonel Crawford and a few others, finding the men would pay no attention to orders, were going on coolly in the rear, leaving the road in case the Indians should pursue, until the second day when they thought they might venture on the road, but before they had marched two miles, a body of Indians fell in between them and the rear of the party, & took them prisoners. We had no certainty of this unhappy affair until yesterday, when Doctor Knight, who was taken with Crawford, came into the garrison in the most deplorable condition man could be in and be alive. He says that the second day after they were taken, they were carried to an Indian town, stripped and then blacked, and made to march through the Indians, when men, women, & children beat them with clubs, sticks, fists, &c., in the most cruel manner. Col Crawford and the Doctor were confined together all night; the next day they were taken out, blacked again, and their hands tied behind their backs, when Col. Crawford was led by a long lope to a high stake, to the top of which the rope about the Colonel was tied; all around the stake a great quantity of red hot coals were laid, on which the poor Colonel was obliged to walk barefoot, and at the same time the Indians firing squibs of powder at him, while others poked burning sticks on every part of his body; thus they continued torturing him for about two hours, when he begged of Simon Girtv, a white renegade who was standing by, to shoot him, when the fellow said “Don’t you see I have no gun.” Some little time after they scalped him, & struck him on the bare scull several times with sticks. Being now nearly exhausted, he lay down on the burning embers, when the squaws put shovels full of coals on his body, which, dying as he was, made him move and creep a little. The Doctor was obliged to stand by and see the cruelty performed. When the Colonel was scalped, they slapped the scalp over the Doctor’s face, saying “This is your great Captain’s
scalp; tomorrow we will serve you so.” The Doctor was to be served in the same manner in another town some distance off; and on his way to his place of torment he passed by where Col. Crawford’s dead body had been dragged to & burned, & saw his bones. The Doctor was guarded by but one Indian, who seemed pretty kind to him; on the way the Indian wanted a fire made, and untied the Doctor, ordering him to make it. The Doctor appeared willing to obey, and was collecting wood till he got a good chunk in his hand, with which he gave the Indian so severe blow as leveled him; the Indian sprang up, but seeing the Doctor seize his gun, he ran away; the Doctor could not get the gun off, otherwise would have shot the Indian. He steered through the woods, and arrived here the twenty first day after he left the Indian, having no clothes, the gun being wood bound, he left it after carrying it a few days.
For the twenty one days, and two or three more while he had been under sentence of death, he never ate anything but such vegetables as the woods afforded. None of the prisoners were put to death but those that fell into the hands of the Delaware’s, who say they will shew no mercy to any white man, as they would shew none to their friends and relations, the religious Moravians. I believe I have not told you, that the whole of the five hundred who went out with Crawford returned, except about fifty. Colonel Harrison & Mr. William Crawford, relatives of Col. Crawford, were likewise taken prisoners, but fortunately fell into the hands of the Shawanees, who did not kill their prisoners.
The people of this country will not suffer Pennsylvania to run the line as Virginia agreed to, but insist on Pennsylvania running its bounds agreeable to Charter, which will leave Virginia a very valuable country, which Pennsylvania otherwise would have.
I am with every sentiment of esteem,
W. CR0GHAN.[34]
On the 6th of July following, Major William Croghan of the Virginia wrote from Fort Pitt to William Davies, Virginia secretary at war, as concerning the Sandusky expedition:
“Dear Colonel:— . . . About six weeks ago five hundred volunteers this country commanded by (our old) Colonel William Crawford went expedition against the Indian towns. The men were cowardly; ?[35]
“Extract of a letter dated Fort Pitt, July 6th, 1782:
‘The expedition formed by Colonel Crawford with about 500 militia I suppose you have heard of, but now I have it in my power to give you the particulars as near as can well be collected. I think it was about the 6th of June, they arrived within two or three miles of tTpper St. Dusky [Sandusky], an Indian town within 200 miles of Fort Pitt, near a northwest course, where the savages lay in ambuscade for them, and a warm action ensued, commencing about 3 in the afternoon, but in the utmost disorder; our people were obliged to retreat at dark. The Indians in company with some red-coats, mounted horses for speed and overhauled our people at a certain p~ain, 25 miles from the town, where they fought for a considerable time, but were again forced to make their best way home, the enemy hanging on their rear until they came to the Ohio. The details are so irregular it is not easy to ascertain the loss on our part, but I believe it is from 50 to 70 missing. Yesterday one Dr. Knight who was taken with Col. Crawford arrived here after living for 21 days upon herbs in the woods. He says that five days after they were taken the Delaware Indians burnt the Col. with the most excruciating~ pain, first tied him to a long post with room to walk round it, then cut off his ears, after that blew squibs of powder on different parts of his body; then the squaws procured hickory brands and darted against such parts as they thought might most affect him; they then scalped him and slapped the scalp in the Dr.’s face,— told him that was his big captain; the Col. was still alive. This he thinks was an hour after the Col. was tied up, when he (the Dr.) was taken away. Just as he was leaving him the Col. leaned upon his knee and elbow for rest, when a squaw took a shovel of hot embers and threw upon his back to put him again in motion. The next day under the guard of one man the Dr. passed the same place and saw some of the Col. ‘s bones in the ashes. The Col. he says made little noise; he begged one Simon Girty, whom he formerly knew at Fort Pitt, to shoot him, but Girty said with a laugh he had no gun, that examples must take place. The Moravian towns were destroyed and inhabitants by our militia, and then told the Dr. there were Delaware towns which also must have an example, for which purpose he (the Dr.) must be sent there the next day. After one day’s journey, with the one man guarding him, the morning following, the Indian loosed the pinions which bound the Dr. and fell to repairing the fire, when the Dr. picked up a stick and tho, weak, knocked him almost down and secured his gun, snapped her at the indian, but could not get her off; however, the Indian ran and the Dr. made his escape. He says that the Delawares took nine besides himself and the Colonel; that the squaws and children as well as the men were employed in tomahawking them till the nine were killed. Such as fell into the hands of the Shawanese are well treated. The militia are greatly enraged and determined on having ample satisfaction.’ [36]
July 6, 1798: The Alien Enemies Act, passed on July 6. [37]
July 6, 1812: John STEPHENSON. Born on January 7, 1765 in Frederick County, Virginia. John died in Kentucky on March 17, 1832; he was 67. Buried in Concord Cemetery, Kentucky.
John first married Elizabeth MOORE. Born on March 19, 1773. Elizabeth died on July 6, 1812; she was 39.
They had the following children:
10 i. Elizabeth (1796-1852)
ii. Mariah.
Mariah married Thomas CALVERT.
iii. Sally.
Sally married Asher COX.
11 iv. Eliza T. (1811-1847)
On March 4, 1813 when John was 48, he second married Alice “Alsey”. Born in 1771. Alice “Alsey” died in Kentucky on September 19, 1846; she was 75. Buried in Concord Cemetery, Kentucky.
They had the following children:
i. Presley L.
ii. James F.
iii. Edward.
iv. Julia Ann.
Julia Ann married Clifton CALVERT. [38]
July 6, 1824: Andrew Jackson attended an Independence Day celebration at the Fountain of Health near the Hermitage. [39]
July 6, 1832: Maximilian I of Mexico
Maximilian I
Maximilian by Winterhalter.jpg
Portrait of Maximilian by Franz Xaver Winterhalter (1864)
Emperor of Mexico
Reign
April 10, 1864 – June 19, 1867[1]
Predecessor
Monarchy re-established
(Benito Juárez, President of Mexico)
Successor
Monarchy abolished
(Benito Juárez, President of Mexico)
Regent
See list[show]
•José Mariano Salas
Juan Nepomuceno Almonte
Pelagio Antonio de Labastida y Dávalos
Spouse
Charlotte of Belgium
Full name
Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph
House
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
Father
Archduke Franz Karl of Austria
Mother
Princess Sophie of Bavaria
Born
(1832-07-06)July 6, 1832
Schönbrunn, Vienna, Austria
Died
June 19, 1867(1867-06-19) (aged 34)
Cerro de las Campanas, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
Burial
Imperial Crypt, Vienna, Austria
Signature
Cursive signature in ink
Religion
Roman Catholicism
Maximilian I (Spanish: Maximiliano I; Born Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph; July 6, 1832 – June 19, 1867) was the only monarch of the Second Mexican Empire. He was a younger brother of the Austrian emperor Franz Joseph I. After a distinguished career in the Austrian Navy, he entered into a scheme with Napoleon III of France to rule Mexico. France had invaded Mexico in 1861, with the implicit support and approval of other European powers, as part of the War of the French Intervention. Seeking to legitimize French rule, Napoleon III invited Maximilian to establish a new Mexican monarchy.
Early life
Birth
Maximilian was born on July 6, 1832 in the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, capital of the Austrian Empire.[2][3][4] He was baptized the following day and given the full name Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph. The first name honored his godfather and paternal uncle, the future Emperor Ferdinand I and the second honored his maternal grandfather, King Maximilian I of Bavaria.[5][6]
His father was Archduke Franz Karl, the second surviving son of the Holy Roman Emperor Francis II (after 1804, ruling the Austrian Empire as Franz I). Maximilian was thus a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, a female-line cadet branch of the House of Habsburg.[7] His mother was Sophie, a Bavarian princess of the House of Wittelsbach.[8] Intelligent, ambitious and strong-willed, Sophie had little in common with her husband, whom historian Richard O'Conner characterized as "an amiably dim fellow whose main interest in life was consuming bowls of dumplings drenched in gravy."[9] Despite their different personalities, the marriage was fruitful, and after four miscarriages, four sons—including Maximilian—would reach adulthood.[10]
Rumors at the court stated that Maximilian was in fact the product of an extramarital affair between his mother and his first cousin Napoleon II (then known as the Duke of Reichstadt), only son of Napoleon Bonaparte; the Duke's mother was Archduchess Marie Louise, daughter of Francis II.[11] The existence of an illicit affair between Sophie and Napoleon II, and any possibility that Maximilian was conceived from such a union, are widely dismissed by historians.[A]
Education[edit]
Adhering to traditions inherited from the Spanish court during Habsburg rule, Maximilian's upbringing was supervised by an aja (governess, also rendered in English as Ayah) until his sixth birthday. Afterwards, his education was entrusted to a tutor.[12] Most of Maximilian's day was spent in study. The thirty-two hours per week of classes at age 7 steadily grew until it reached fifty-five hours per week by the time he was 17.[13] The disciplines were diverse: ranging from history, geography, law and technology, to languages, military studies, fencing and diplomacy.[13] In addition to his native German, he eventually learned to speak Hungarian, Slovak, English, French, Italian and Spanish.[14] From an early age, Maximilian tried to surpass his older brother Franz Joseph (Francis Joseph) in everything; attempting to prove to all that he was the better qualified and deserving of more than second place status.[15]
The highly restrictive environment of the Austrian court was not enough to repress Maximilian's natural openness. He was joyful, highly charismatic and able to captivate those around him with ease. Although he was a charming boy, he was also undisciplined.[16] He mocked his teachers and was often the instigator of pranks—even including his uncle, Emperor Ferdinand I, among his victims.[17] Nonetheless Maximilian was very popular. His attempts to outshine his older brother and ability to charm opened a rift with the aloof and self-contained Franz Joseph that would widen as years passed, and the times when both were close friends in childhood would be all but forgotten.[15]
In 1848, revolutions erupted across Europe. In the face of protests and riots, Emperor Ferdinand I abdicated in favor of Maximilian's brother, who became Franz Joseph I.[18][19] Maximilian accompanied him on campaigns to put down rebellions throughout the Empire.[20][19] Only in 1849 would the revolution be stamped out in Austria, with hundreds of rebels executed and thousands imprisoned. Maximilian was horrified at what he regarded as senseless brutality and openly complained about it. He would later remark: "We call our age the Age of Enlightenment, but there are cities in Europe where, in the future, men will look back in horror and amazement at the injustice of tribunals, which in a spirit of vengeance condemned to death those whose only crime lay in wanting something different to the arbitrary rule of governments which placed themselves above the law."[21][22]
Maximilian I of Mexico
House of Habsburg-Iturbide
Cadet branch of the House of Habsburg
Born: July 6, 1832 Died: June 19, 1867[40]
July 6, 1863
Union Field Hospital
Gettysburg, PA
When Lee’s Army retreated to the safety of Virginia, their surgeons traveled with them. This left the overwhelming job of caring for the sick and wounded troops to a handful of men. Of 106 Doctors only 35 were qualified to operate. In their charge were 21,000 wounded left behind by both sides.[41]
Wed. July 6, 1864
Rained very hard in the afternoon
Got marching orders[42] F. Hunter[43]
(William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary, 24th Iowa Infantry)[44]
July 6-10, 1864: Battle of Chattahoochie, GA.[45]
July 6, 1865: Governor Zebulon Vance was arrested by Federal forces on his birthday in May 1865 and spent time in prison in Washington, D.C. Per President Andrew Johnson's amnesty program, he filed an application for pardon on June 3, and was paroled on July 6.[6] After his parole, he began practicing law in Charlotte, North Carolina. Among his clients was accused murderer Tom Dula, the subject of the folk song "Tom Dooley." Governor Vance was formally pardoned on March 11, 1867, though no formal charges had ever been filed against him leading to his arrest, during his imprisonment, nor during the period of his parole.[6][46]
July 6, 1876: ....Oliver CRAWFORD b May 17, 1805 [1/22] d July 6, 1876 [1][47]
July 6, 1896: Max Gottlieb, born July 6, 1896 in Neuhof . Resided Siegburg. Deportation: from Trier-Koln. July 27, 1942, Theresienstadt. October 1, 1944, Auschwitz . missing.[48]
July 6, 1901: Convoy 20 left Drancy, France for Auschwitz with 581 children. On board was Paulette Gotlib born in Paris (12) February 19, 1936, age 6. Her brother Simone born June 18, 1939, age 4, was also on board. Their home was 35, r Francois Arago, Montreuil, France. Prior to deportation to Auschwitz they were held at Camp Pithiviers[49]. Pithiviers is of global historical interest as one of the locally infamous World War II concentration camps where children were separated from their parents while the adults were processed and deported to camps farther away, usually Auschwitz. [50] Also on board was Rachla Gotlib born March 22, 1908 from Chanciny, Poland. On board from Vienne Austria was Gertrude Gottlieb born July 6, 1901 and Michel Gottlieb born November 27, 1897.[51]
July 6, 1903: Winnie Pauline Pickelsimer (b. July 6, 1903 / d. May 30, 1962).[52]
July 6, 1919: Ottis Nix (b. July 6, 1919)[53]
July 6, 1938: President Roosevelt called for an international conference to consider the "displaced persons" problem. The negligible results highlight the passive role the Western world in the face of the Nazis. . Roosevelt's aims, some say, are to deflect American Jewish appeals to help the German Jews. Aside from Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic, which want enormous sums of money to allow a small number of Jews to immigrate, the 32 nations attending the conference decide that they will not permit large numbers of Jews to enter their countries. [54]
July 6-15, 1938
Evian Conference: 31 contries refuse to accept Jews trying to escape Nazi Germany (with exception of Dominican Republic). Most find temporary refuge in Poland.[55]
July 6, 1939: The last remaining Jewish enterprises in Germany were closed.[56]
July 6, 1941: Lithuanian militiamen murdered 2,514 Jews in Kovno. (Lithuania)[57]
July 6, 1942
After writing his report on the July 4 meeting with Bousquet, Dannecker sends Eichmann an urgent telex to inform him of the outcome of the decisive negotioations that have gone on since Eichmann’s departure from Paris on July 1. Dannecker prefers not to begin with his desappoiting news; French Jews will not be arrested, at least for the time being. He leaves it to Eichmann to deuce this from the agreement he reports; “All stateless Jews of the Occupied Zone and the Unoccupied Zone will be readied for evacutation when we order it.” He feels constrained at the end of the telex to specify further; “To close, I must note that until the present we have only been able to settle the question of stateless or foreign Jews to get the action started.” Dannecker ends on an optimistic note: “In the second phase we will attend to the Jews naturalized in France after 1919 or 1927.”
In this telex, Dannecker raises the problem of Jewish children in two sentences that will forever be written in the history of France, because they originate with the head of the French government.
In his initial plan for the roundups on June 15, Dannecker wrote of the “transplantation: of the Jews, “with, in perspective, the possibility of later sending the children under 16 years of age who have been left behind.” But on July 4, according to DANNECKER; “Premier Laval has proposed that at the time of the evacuation of Jewish families from the Unoccupied Zone, their children be taken as well. As for the Jewish children who would remain in the Occupied Zone, the question does not interest him.”
Thus Laval proposes to the Germans the deportation of entire families without a minimum age limit; he leaves to the Nazis the responsibility and therefore a free hand to decide ondeportation of children under 16 whose parent will be arrested in the Occupied Zone and deported. These are children who, as he well knows, are for the most part French, even if to an anti-Semite Jewish children born in France to foreign parents are, in the words of Xavier Vallat, the first Vichy Commissioner for Jewish Questions, “only trainees in French nationality.”
What are Laval’s motives? He explains them at a cabinet meeting in Vichy on July 10: “With humane intentions, the head of government obtained agreement, contrary to the initial German terms, that children, including those under 16, would be permitted to accompany their parents.”Laval’s humanitarian intentions may be doubted.[58]
July 6, 1942: A meeting was held on July 6, 1942 to discuss the function of the RFR and set its agenda. The meeting was a turning point in National Socialism’s attitude towards science, as well as recognition that its policies which drove Jewish scientists out of Germany were a mistake, as the Reich needed their expertise.[59]
July 6, 1971: Berkeley Plantation
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Landmark
Virginia Landmarks Register
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Berkeley_plantation_harrison_home.jpg/250px-Berkeley_plantation_harrison_home.jpg
House from the South (river) side
Berkeley Plantation is located in Virginia
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png
Location:
8 mi. W of Charles City, Charles City County, Virginia
Coordinates:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/WMA_button2b.png/17px-WMA_button2b.png37°19′18″N 77°10′54″W / 37.32167°N 77.18167°W / 37.32167; -77.18167Coordinates: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/WMA_button2b.png/17px-WMA_button2b.png37°19′18″N 77°10′54″W / 37.32167°N 77.18167°W / 37.32167; -77.18167
Area:
650 acres (260 ha)
Built:
1726 (1726)
Architectural style:
Georgian
Governing body:
Private
NRHP Reference#:
71001040[1]
VLR #:
018-0001
Significant dates
Designated NHL:
November 11, 1971[3]
Designated VLR:
July 6, 1971[2]
Berkeley Plantation, one of the first great estates in America, comprises about 1,000 acres (400 ha) on the banks of the James River on State Route 5 in Charles City County, Virginia. Berkeley Plantation was originally called Berkeley Hundred and named after the Berkeley Company of England. Benjamin Harrison IV built on the estate what is believed to be the oldest three-story brick mansion in Virginia and is the ancestral home to two Presidents of the United States: William Henry Harrison, his grandson, and Benjamin Harrison his great-great-grandson.[4][5][60]
July 6, 1905
(Pleasant Valley) Little Ethel Goodlove is quite sick.[61]
July 6, 1938: President Roosevelt called for an international conference to consider the "displaced persons" problem. The negligible results highlight the passive role the Western world in the face of the Nazis. . Roosevelt's aims, some say, are to deflect American Jewish appeals to help the German Jews. Aside from Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic, which want enormous sums of money to allow a small number of Jews to immigrate, the 32 nations attending the conference decide that they will not permit large numbers of Jews to enter their countries. [62]
July 6-15, 1938
Evian Conference: 31 contries refuse to accept Jews trying to escape Nazi Germany (with exception of Dominican Republic). Most find temporary refuge in Poland.[63]
July 6, 1942: Max Planck, the father of quantum theory, had been right in assessing the consequences of National Socialist policies. In 1933, Planck, as president of the Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft (Kaiser Wilhelm Society), met with Adolf Hitler. During the meeting, Planck told Hitler that forcing Jewish scientists to emigrate would mutilate Germany and the benefits of their work would go to foreign countries. Hitler responded with a rant against Jews and Planck could only remain silent and then take his leave. The National Socialist regime would only come around to the same conclusion as Planck in the July 6, 1942 meeting regarding the future agenda of the Reichsforschungsrat (RFR, Reich Research Council), but by then it was too late.[25][44][64]
July 6, 1954
Elvis Presley makes his first record at Sun Studios, Memphis, Tennessee.[65]
July 6, 2010
Street scene of Elizabeth and spectators
http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.21wmf10/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png
Elizabeth II (centre, in pink) during a walkabout in Queen's Park, Toronto, July 6, 2010.[66]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] http://www.freewebs.com/bubadutep75/
[2] http://www.freewebs.com/bubadutep75/
[3] http://www.tudor-history.com/about-tudors/tudor-timeline/
[4] References[edit source | edit]
1. ^ Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 154.
2. ^ At the time, the area was in the Duchy of Berg.
3. ^ Antonia Fraser "The Wives of Henry VIII", page298
4. ^ Letters and Papers of the Reign of Henry VIII, vol. XV, no. 22
5. ^ Schofield, p. 239.
6. ^ Boutell, Charles (1863), A Manual of Heraldry, Historical and Popular, London: Winsor & Newton, p. 278
7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Weir, Alison: The Six Wives of Henry VIII; Grove Press, 2000; page 388.
8. ^ Schofield, p. 240.
9. ^ Strype, John, Ecclesiastical Memorials, vol. 1 part 2, Oxford, (1822), 450-463.
10. ^ Strype, John, ed., Ecclesiastical Memorials, vol. 1, part. 2, Oxford (1822), p.461
11. ^ http://lunettesrouges.blog.lemonde.fr/2006/11/29/holbein-en-angleterre/.
12. ^ Farquhar, Michael (2001). A Treasure of Royal Scandals, p.77. Penguin Books, New York. ISBN 0-7394-2025-9.
13. ^ John Roche Dasent, Acts of the Privy Council, vol. 2 (1890), pp.82-83, 471-472: Ellis, Henry, 'Extracts from the Proceedings of the Privy Council', in Archaeologia or, Miscellaneous tracts relating to Antiquity, vol. 18, Society of Antiquaries, (1817) pp.131-132.
14. ^ Antonia Fraser, The Wives of Henry VIII, p.412
15. ^ Historical Novels site review: [1]; Faber site: Retrieved 2 April 2012.
[5] http://www.tudor-history.com/about-tudors/tudor-timeline/
[6] References[edit]
1. ^ Higgins, Charlotte (16 January 2006). "Is this the true face of Lady Jane?". The Guardian. Retrieved 2008-05-11.
2. ^ Williamson, David (2010). Kings & Queens. National Portrait Gallery Publications. p. 95. ISBN 978-1-85514-432-3
3. ^ a b Plowden, Alison (23 September 2004). "Grey, Lady Jane (1534–1554), noblewoman and claimant to the English throne". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-861362-8.
4. ^ Ives 2009, p. 2
5. ^ Ascham 1863, p. 213
6. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 36, 299
7. ^ de Lisle 2008, pp. 5–8
8. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 51, 65
9. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 63–67
10. ^ Ives 2009, p. 51
11. ^ Ives 2009, p. 53
12. ^ Ives 2009, p. 52
13. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 42–45
14. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 45–47
15. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 47–49
16. ^ Ives 2009, p. 47
17. ^ Loades 1996, pp. 238–239
18. ^ Loades 1996, p. 179
19. ^ de Lisle 2009, pp. 93, 304; Ives 2009, p. 321.
20. ^ Ives 2009, p. 137
21. ^ a b Alford 2002, pp. 171–172
22. ^ Ives 2009, p. 35
23. ^ Loades 1996, p. 240
24. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 145, 165–166
25. ^ Dale Hoak: "Edward VI (1537–1553)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, online edn. Jan 2008, Retrieved 2010-04-04 (subscription required)
26. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 251–252, 334; Bellamy 1979, p. 54
27. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 267, 268
28. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 288–270
29. ^ Ives 2009, pp. 274–275
30. ^ a b Anonymous (1997) [1850], "1554, The Execution of Lady Jane Grey and Lord Guildford Dudley", in Nichols, John Gough, Chronicle of Queen Jane and of Two Years of Queen Mary, The Camden Society; Marilee Hanson
31. ^ Cokayne, George (1982). The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant 2. Gloucester: A. Sutton. p. 421. ISBN 0904387828.
32. ^ Ives 2009, p. 38
33. ^ Pollard, Albert J. (1911). The History of England. London: Longmans, Green. p. 111.
Bibliography[edit]
•Alford, Stephen (2002), Kingship and Politics in the Reign of Edward VI, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-03971-0
•Ascham, Roger. Mayor, John E. B., ed. The Scholemaster (1863 ed.). London: Bell and Daldy. OCLC 251212421.
•Bellamy, John (1979), The Tudor Law of Treason, Toronto: Routlegde, Kegan & Paul, ISBN 0-7100-8729-2
•de Lisle, Leanda (2009). The Sisters Who Would Be Queen: Mary, Katherine and Lady Jane Grey. A Tudor Tragedy. New York: Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-49135-0.
•Ives, Eric (2009). Lady Jane Grey: A Tudor Mystery. Malden MA; Oxford UK: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-9413-6.
Loades, David (1996), John Dudley Duke of Northumberland 1504–1553, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ISBN 0-19-820193-1
[7] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[8] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England
[9] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Knox
[10] http://www.tudor-history.com/about-tudors/tudor-timeline/
[11] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[12] wikipedia
[13] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[14] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_III_of_France
[15] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[16] http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~harrisonrep/Harrison/d0069/g0000031.html#I978
[17] (Ancestors of Forrest Roger Garnett)
[18] The source of this information is:Pat Hanson, 1224 N. W. 91, Okla. City, OKLA 73114. Her sources are given under Ancestor No. 14464.
[19] wikipedia
[20] Burney. Thomas Burney. An itinerate blacksmith who in 1754 rode into Wills Creek with news of George Washington’s encounter with Jumonville. The announcement that 21 French prisoners were to be marched into Wills Creek caused a great commotion. The fact that one prisoner was Commissary La Force from Fort Machault was especially noted.
http://www.thelittlelist.net/boatobye.htm
[21] In Search of Turkey Foot Road, page 35.
[22] Annals of Southwestern Pennsylvania by Lewis Clark Walkinshaw, A. M. Volume II 1939 pg.6.
[23] Annals of Southwestern Pennsylvania by Lewis Clark Walkinshaw, A. M. Volume II 1939. pg. 23.
[24] Annals of Southwestern Pennsylvania by Lewis Clark Walkinshaw, A. M. Volume II 1939. pg. 20.
[25] The Complete Guide to Boston’s Freedom Trail Third Edition by Charles Bahne, page 8.
[26] On this Day in America by John Wagman.
[27] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Kemp%27s_Landing
[28] Virginia Magazine of History, XXVIII,45; Frontier Defense, 105.
[29] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Kemp%27s_Landing
[30] 26 Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications.
[31] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Kemp%27s_Landing
[32]Major William Croghan was a nephew of Colonel George Croghan who served as Indian agent under Sir William Johnson. At the outbreak of the Revolution, he was appointed captain of infantry in the Virginia Line. During 1778 he was promoted to the rank of major. He was captured by the British at Charleston in 1780 but was paroled. In 1784 he went to Kentucky and, shortly afterwards married Lucy, the sister of George Rogers Clark.
[33] This summary appears in the copy of the document in the Draper MSS. The transcript is in Draper’s handwriting.
[34] GEORGE ROGERS CLARK.PAPERS 1781-1784, Edited by James Alton James, pgs. 71-73
EDITED WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES BY JAMES ALTON JAMES, Ph. D., LL. D.
WILLIAM SMITH MASON PROFESSOR OF AMERICAN HISTORY, NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
[35] The Washington-Irvine Papers
[36] “—Pennsylvania Journal and Weekly Advertiser, July 23, 1782.
Washington-Irvine Correspondence by Butterfield, pages 375-376.
[37] http://www.geni.com/people/John-Adams-2nd-President-of-the-USA-Signer-of-the-Declaration-of-Independence/6000000012593135757
[38] http://www.historyorb.com/events/august/14
[39] The Papers of Andrew Jackson, Volume V, 1821-1824
[40] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximilian_I_of_Mexico
[41] Gettysburg: Speech, Military, 12/06/2008
[42]On July 6th the regiment commenced a series of movements in connection with the army: first marching to Halltown, to intercept the army of 30,000 rebels, under the command of General Early, which was moving towards Maryland and Pennsylvania; but the rebel general was not yet ready for a general engagement, and, handling his force with consumate skill, managed to avoid a conflict.
http://www.usgennet.org/usa/ia/county/linn/civil war/24th/24 history p2.htm
[43] Hunter, Franklin C. Age 18. Residence Linn County, nativity Ohio. Enlisted Jan. 4, 1864. Mustered Jan. 28, 1864. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga. http://iagenweb.org/civilwar/books/logan/mil508.htm
[44] Annotated by Jeffery Lee Goodlove
[45] (State Capital Memorial, Austin, TX, February 11, 2012.)
[46] wikipedia
[47] http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cmoore/crawford.htm
• [48] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
• [2]Memorial Book: Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Oppression in Germany, 1933-1945.
[49] “Memorial des enfants deportes de France” de Serge Klarsfeld
[50] Wikipedia.org
[51] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld, page unknown.
[52] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe.
[53] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe.
[54] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[55] www.Wikipedia.org
[56] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[57] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[58] French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial, by Serge Klarsfeld, page 35.
[59] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_nuclear_energy_project-
[60] wikipedia
[61] Winton Goodlove papers.
[62] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[63] www.Wikipedia.org
[64] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_nuclear_energy_project
[65] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[66] wikipedia
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