This Day in Goodlove History, March 11
• By Jeffery Lee Goodlove
• jefferygoodlove@aol.com
•
• Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
•
• The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with -George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.
•
• The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
•
• This project is now a daily blog at:
• http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/
• Goodlove Family History Project Website:
• http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/
•
• Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
•
• My thanks to Mr. Levin for his outstanding research and website that I use to help us understand the history of our ancestry. Go to http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/ for more information. “For more information about the Weekly Torah Portion or the History of Jewish Civilization go to the Temple Judah Website http://www.templejudah.org/ and open the Adult Education Tab "This Day...In Jewish History " is part of the study program for the Jewish History Study Group in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
•
A point of clarification. If anybody wants to get to the Torah site, they do not have to go thru Temple Judah. They can use http://DownhomeDavarTorah.blogspot.com and that will take them right to it.
Birthdays on this date: Shannon McKinnon, William D. Hughes, Lavona Henderson, M.J. Hanna, Elizabeth C. Hammond, Elsie M. Godlove, Elizabeth Coulter, Curtis W. Burnette
Weddings on this date; Margaret Wesley and John W. McKee
I Get Email!
FVJN Next Shabbat Evening
The next Shabbat service will be on March 11th at the FVJN space on 3rd Street. Doors open at 7:15 pm for a very-family friendly service (conducted primarily in English) starting at 7:30pm and concluding promptly by 8 pm with an oneg thereafter. Please join us and for once there is no need to rsvp…just show up and enjoy the evening!!
Book Club
Because of the weather delay with this past book club, the next book club meeting will be on Tuesday, April 5. We will be reading Not Me by Michael Lavigne. Please join us for an evening of socializing and enlightenment!
Learn Languages with FVJN
Sing Out Chicago! Featuring the Maccabeats
Mark your calendars for a JUF musical program featuring the Maccabeats on Sunday, March 13 at the North Shore Center for the Performing Arts.
Tickets to Sing Out Chicago are $18 per person and must be purchased in advance through JUF. Contact SingOutChicago@juf.org or call 312-553-3530 for more information about this program that benefits the needy in Chicago, Israel, and in Jewish communities around the world.
Jewish Learners and Teachers--Registration & Presenter Proposals for Limmud Chicago 2011
Limmud Chicago is an amazing pan-denominational, multi-generational, day-long celebration of Jewish learning & culture. Plans are well underway for our 2nd annual Limmud Chicago Conference, to be held on March 27, 2011. Detailed information regarding the conference and links for registration and for presenter proposals cab be found athttp://limmudchicago.org/conference-2011/.
FVJN is now offering the opportunity to study a new language online with Rosetta Stone for $125 for the first subscription and $110 per additional subscription. For all of us looking to learn or refresh our skills, whether it be in Hebrew, Spanish or any of the other languages listed at rosettastone.com, contact Rabbi Fred for additional information at: fred@fvjn.org or 630. 465.0356.
I Send Email!
Fred, I am interested in learning Hebrew. How do I subscribe to this service, Jeff Goodlove
“FVJN is now offering the opportunity to study a new language online with Rosetta Stone for $125 for the first subscription and $110 per additional subscription. For all of us looking to learn or refresh our skills, whether it be in Hebrew, Spanish or any of the other languages listed at rosettastone.com, contact Rabbi Fred for additional information at: fred@fvjn.org or 630. 465.0356.”
This Day…
March 1187
In March 1187, after the Holy month of Ramadan, Saladin issued the call to Holy War. “When the forbidden months are past,” it is written in the Koran, “then fight and slay the infidels wherever ye find them and seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem of war.” From Aleppoa in parts of Mesopotamiaa and over water from Egypt, Muslim troops poured in. They massed near Damascus and moved south. [1]
March 11: 1415: Pope Benedict XIII banned the study of the Talmud in any form and tried to restrict Jewish life completely. The town of Tortosa, Spain, was the scene of a disputation between Christians and Jews from 1412 through 1414. These disputations were always rigged so that the Christians would win. The Pope (or as he described by some the anti-Pope) was enraged by the lack of conversions which was the cause of the ban.[2]
March 11, 1441
On the 11th of March 1441 the physician Balthasar von Hochberg is mentioned, who owned a house in the Webergasse in 1439, which he sold in 1441.[3]
March 11, 1513: Leo X elected Pope. Leo X succeeded Julius II, the Pope who paid for the painting of the Sistine Chapel. “To Martin Luther, Leo was the functioning head of a “kingdom of Antichrist.’” Even his admirers might say that Leo was more a man of the Renaissance than a Vicar of Christ. He respected learning, even when that learning was Jewish. In a dispute concerning the Talmud, Leo took the side of Johann Reuchlin one of the Christian scholars who could read Hebrew. He defended the Talmud, saying that it did blaspheme Jesus or Christianity. Despite the pressure on him to burn the Talmud to the opposed tact and had a Christian printer produced the text in its entirety, without censorship. Leo banned the requirement of the Jew Badge in his French possessions and refused to enforce it in his Italian holdings.[4]
1514 Jews expelled from Strasbourg.[5]
1514: King Henry VIII gets what is believed to be small pox.[6]
March 11, 1770; George Washington’s Journal: Mr. Crawford set off for Williamsburg and Mr. Magowan for Col…?[7]
March 11, 1770: John lngman, an employee of William Crawford murders
Indian Stephen.
William Crawford was appointed one of the justices of the
peace in Cumberland Co., PA.[8]
March 11, 1771
The additional commissions issued March 11, 1771, were to William Proctor, Jr., Robert Cluggage, Robert Hanna, George Wilson, George Woods, William Lochrey, William Crawford, Dorsey Pentecost, William McConnell, Thomas Gist….[9]
The following letter is regarding the original ownership of “Fort Necessity” on the property known as “Great Meadow”. If you ask the National Park Service who the original owner of this property is they will say “William Brooks.” That is not really the whole story. William Brooks is a “fictitious” person, to hide the real ownership of this property. Three relatives are in on this scheme to acquire this now priceless National Park for George Washington himself. The credit should be given as it really transpired, and not as a simple purchase by George Washington from William Brooks. So now you know the rest of the story. Jeff Goodlove
No. 7.—CRAWFORD TO Washington.
SPRING GARDEN, April 15, 1771.
SIR :—I received yours of March 11th, and I am much surprised at Mr. Brooks’ behavior in regard to that land.
He never had the least claim or pretensions to the Meadows that I ever heard of. Mr. Harrison made use of the name Of “Wm. Brooks,” expecting that Wm. Brooks, his son-in-law, would do him the favor to give him an assignment at any time; but, as Mr. Harrison has got a permit, there was no occasion for an assignment, or for an order of survey; for any surveyor would have surveyed the land on the permit and returned it into the office, which would have been accepted, while any order of survey that he could have got would not do. Inclosed you have a bond from Mr. Harrison for settling the matter and making good the title. He says if you want it done, it shall be returned in your own name as soon as the survey is completed. He will settle all disputes in regard to it.
There is one William Brooks here who has agreed to sign the bill of sale, which is sufficient; as any man of that name will do as well as he, he having no claim or right more than any other man of that name. Mr. Harrison says it is all he can do at present. Anything more that is requested he will do if required; and if not, the bargain niust be void, and he have his papers again; as he can sell it immediately to several people who will pay no regard to Brooks’ claim—looking upon it as worth nothing.
As the bearer, Moses Crawford,[10] is obliged to go off immediately, I shall refrain from giving a full account of my proceedings here for a few days longer; as I shall have another opportunity soon, and then will give you as full an account as I am able. I am, etc.[11]
March 11, 1776
No. 7.—William CRAWFORD TO George Washington.
March 11, 1776:: Brigadier-General Lord Stirling, whose correct name was Wil-
liam Alexander, but who claimed a title from the English crown,
and immense tracts in Nova Scotia, was yet a soldier whose
every impulse was directed by his devotion to his country's free-
dom. He was a native of New York, was born in 1726, and had
seen service in the French and Indian War on the staff of Gen-
eral Shirley, but his home was near Baskingridge in Somerset
County, New Jersey. His wife was a sister of Governor Living-
ston of that State. He was colonel of the First battalion, Somerset militia, at the breaking out of the war ; was appointed colonel
of the First battalion, New Jersey Continental line, November 7,
1775. brigadier-general by Congress, March 11, 1776, and major-
general nearly a year later. As before mentioned, he had been
captured at the battle of Long Island, but was exchanged within
a mohth, and immediately rejoined his command. He was per-
sonally a brave soldier, fearless in duty, strong in principles, and
a well-educated and honorable man. The aide-de-camp of Gen-
eral Lord Stirling was Lieutenant John Brent of the Third Vir-
ginia regiment.
Brigadier-General Matthias Alexis Roche de Fermoy was for
many years an officer of engineers in the army of France, where
he enjoyed a considerable reputation. With the restless ambition
of a soldier of fortune he came to America, and was made a brig-
adier-general by Congress, November 5, 1776. He took part in
the battle of Saratoga, and acted, as at Trenton, in a very ques-
tionable manner. He made a request of the Continental Con-
gress, December 30, 1777, for promotion to the rank of major-
general, but it was refused.
Brigadier-General Adam Stephen was an officer from Virginia
who had acquired an excellent reputation as lieutenant-colonel of
Colonel Washington's regiment in the French and Indian war,
that great preparatory school for officers of the Continental army,
and who had been made a brigadier-general by Congress, Septem-
ber 4, 1776. He fought well at Trenton, was made a major-general
of the Continental army, February 19, 1777, and took part in the
battle of Brandywincj but it is said that his intemperate habits
brought him under a cloud at the battle of Germantown ; he was
dismissed November 20, 1777, and thereafter his name is not
mentioned in military history.[12]
Ancestor Thomas Moore fought in Stirlings Brigade. JG
March 11, 1801
PETITION FOR PENSION69
HANNAH CRAWFORD, 1801
To the Honorable Court now sitting:
To the Petition of Hannah Crawford widow of Colonel William Crawford who was killed in active service, humbly Herewith. That your Petitioner has heretofore been allotted a pension or allowance for her support and maintanence, that one whole year has elapsed since the last order for that purpose was made by the, still living unmarried and is old, infirm and indigent circumstances, that your Petitioner has met with an recent accident by getting her arm broke which has rendered her entirely unable to get her living, your Petitioner therefore prays the Court to make such further allowance as to them in their discretion shall seem reasonable and right in pursuance to the act of assembly in such cases made and provided, and your Petitioner
is in duty bound will truly pray.
her
Hannah V Crawfort
mark
Fayette County, S.S.
Personally came Hannah Crawford the above petitioner and being and as the Law directs, sayeth that the facts stated in her petition above are true. Sworn and subscribed to before me this 11th day of March 1801.
her
Andr. Trapp. Hannah V Crawford[13]
mark[14]
March 11, 1801: Paul I of Russia is assassinated, leading the way for his son Alexander I to accede the throne. Paul’s death was no loss to the Jews of Russia. At the time of his death, Paul was preparing to implement the recommendations contained in a report entitled, “An Opinion on How to Avert the Scarcity of Food in White Russia Through the Curbing of the Jews’ Avaricious Occupations, Their Reformation and Other Matters.” Alexander I began his reign by adopting a series of policies that were designed to further degrade and impoverish the Jews. As the threat of Napoleon loomed on the horizon, Paul’s policies towards the Jews softened and improved. The first Lubavitcher Rebbe urged Jews to support Alexander in the fight against Napoleon. After the Napoleonic threat disappeared Alexander’s treatment of the Jews became increasingly less sympathetic. By the time of his death, he had returned to the reactionary views that had marked the start of his reign.[15] Several DNA matches indicate their faimiles earliest known ancestor is from Russia.
March 11, 1805
To the Honorable Orphans Court now sitting for the County of Fayette at March term 1806.
The petitioner Hannah Crawford, widow of Colonel William Crawford, who was killed .by the Indians in actual service at the town of Sandusky, in the year 1782.
Humbly showeth that the Petitioner has heretofore been allowed a
Pension or allowance for her support and maintenance, that one whole year has elapsed since the last order for that purpose has been made by the Court.
That your petitioner is still living unmarried is old and infirm and indigent circumstances and entirely unable to get her living by labors. Your petitioner therefore prays the court to make such further order for your petitioners allowance as to them in their discretion shall seem reasonable and right in furtherance to the act of assembly in such cases made and provided and your petitioner is in duty bound will ever
pray for. her
Hannah V Crawford
mark
Personally came before me the Subscriber Hannah Crawford the above petitioner, and being sworn as the Law requires sayeth that the Facts stated in the petition above are true. Sworn and subscribed before me the eleventh day of March 1805.
her
NATHAN GRANT Hannah V Crawford
Mark[16]
March 11, 1861: In Montgomery, Alabama, delegates from South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas adopt the Permanent Constitution of the Confederate States of America.
The constitution resembled the Constitution of the United States, even repeating much of its language, but was actually more comparable to the Articles of Confederation--the initial post-Revolutionary War U.S. constitution--in its delegation of extensive powers to the states. The constitution also contained substantial differences from the U.S. Constitution in its protection of slavery, which was "recognized and protected" in slave states and territories. However, in congruence with U.S. policy since the beginning of the 19th century, the foreign slave trade was prohibited. The constitution provided for six-year terms for the president and vice president, and the president was ineligible for successive terms. Although a presidential item veto was granted, the power of the central Confederate government was sharply limited by its dependence on state consent for the use of any funds and resources.
Although Britain and France both briefly considered entering the Civil War on the side of the South, the Confederate States of America, which survived until April 1865, never won foreign recognition as an independent government.[17]
Fri. March 11, 1864 (William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary, Iowa 24th)
Turned over our tents. Wrote a letter to Wildcat. Drilled once. Laid without tent
Heavy dew. Low flat land. Burvic Bay
Wide as Wapsie and as deep
March 11, 1865: William McKinnon Goodlove, and the Union Army, K Co. 57th Inf Reg. in Ohio at the Battle at Fayetteville, North Carolina on March 11, 1865. [18]
• March 11, 1893: Samuel Gottlieb, born March 11, 1893 in Berlichingen. Resided Berlichingen. . Deportation from Westerbork , May 25, 1943, Sobibor . Date of death May 25,1943, Sobibor .[19]
On March 11, 1917: the troops of the Petrograd army garrison were called out to quell the uprising. In some encounters, regiments opened fire, killing demonstrators, but the protesters kept to the streets, and the troops began to waver. That day, Nicholas again dissolved the Duma. [20]
March 11, 1918
An army private reported to the camp hospital before breakfast. He had a fever, sore throat, headache, nothing serious. One minute later, another soldier showed up. By noon the hospital had over 100 cases. In a week, 500. That spring 48 soldiers, all in the prime of life, died at Fort Riley. The cause of death was listed as pneumonia[21] marking what are believed to be the first cases in the historic influenza epidemic of 1918. The flu would eventually kill 675,000 Americans and more than 20 million people (some believe the total may be closer to 40 million) around the world, proving to be a far deadlier force than even the First World War.
The initial outbreak of the disease, reported at Fort Riley in March, was followed by similar outbreaks in army camps and prisons in various regions of the country. The disease soon traveled to Europe with the American soldiers heading to aid the Allies on the battlefields of France. (In March 1918 alone, 84,000 American soldiers headed across the Atlantic; another 118,000 followed them the next month.) Once it arrived on a second continent, the flu showed no signs of abating: 31,000 cases were reported in June in Great Britain. The disease was soon dubbed the Spanish flu due to the shockingly high number of deaths in Spain (some 8 million, it was reported) after the initial outbreak there in May 1918.
The flu showed no mercy for combatants on either side of the trenches. Over the summer, the first wave of the epidemic hit German forces on the Western Front, where they were waging a final, no-holds-barred offensive that would determine the outcome of the war. It had a significant effect on the already weakening morale of the troops--as German army commander Crown Prince Rupprecht wrote on August 3: poor provisions, heavy losses, and the deepening influenza have deeply depressed the spirits of men in the III Infantry Division. Meanwhile, the flu was spreading fast beyond the borders of Western Europe, due to its exceptionally high rate of virulence and the massive transport of men on land and aboard ship due to the war effort. By the end of the summer, numerous cases had been reported in Russia, North Africa and India; China, Japan, the Philippines and even New Zealand would eventually fall victim as well.[22]
The Great War ended on November 11, but influenza continued to wreak international havoc, flaring again in the U.S. in an even more vicious wave with the return of soldiers from the war and eventually infecting an estimated 28 percent of the country's population before it finally petered out. In its December 28, 1918, issue, the American Medical Association acknowledged the end of one momentous conflict and urged the acceptance of a new challenge, stating that Medical science for four and one-half years devoted itself to putting men on the firing line and keeping them there. Now it must turn with its whole might to combating the greatest enemy of all—infectious disease.
March 11, 1920
Although accepting a call to a town church, the regional superintendence he had accepted entailed heading up rural parish work in the Iowa conference for the Board of Home Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church under the general directorship of Paul L. Vogt. Buck Creek remained the centerpiece, the exemplar, for this work; hence, his success in this capacity was still linked to Buck Creek.[23]
• March 11, 1938: The newly appointed Nazi Chancelor of Austria invited Hitler to unify the two countries into a greater Reich.
•
• March 11, 1939: A law permitting the establishment of the Hungarian Labor Service (Munkaszolgalat) System is enacted.[24]
•
March 11, 1941: The United States approves the Lend-Lease Act.[25]
March 11, 1942
Informing the German Foreign Ministry of planned deportations, (from France) to ensure against possible diplomatic obstacles, Eichmann writes; “We inform you that in addition to the evacuation planned for March 23, 1942 of 1,000 Jews from Compiegne, 5,000 Jews identified by the Gestapo should, after a brief delay, be evacuated from France to the concentration camp of Auschwitz (Upper Silesia). I must also ask your agreement for this case.” On March 20, the Foreign Ministry replies that it has no objection to the deportation of the 6,000 Jews to Auschwitz.[26]
• March 11, 1943: A total of 341 Macedonian Jews are concentrated in Skopje. Most are subsequently deported to Treblinka.[27]
March 11, 1946: Covert Lee Goodlove Masonic History: Initiated March 11, 1946 Passed April 1 1946, Raised April 22, 1946, all at Vienna Lodge No 142. Suspended November 13, 1972, Reinstated January 10, 1973. Demitted May 10, 1988 when they closed. Birthdate November 12, 1911, Died August 30, 1997. May 10, 1988 joined Benton City LodgeNo. 81, Shellsburg, IA. Became a 50 Year Mason, June 19, 1996. [28]
March 11, 1947: On this day in 1947, President Harry Truman writes to his good friend, former President Herbert Hoover, thanking him for his help in investigating post-World War II reconstruction issues in Germany and Austria. Truman's letter was just one exchange in a friendship that began in 1945 when Truman first consulted the former president for his expertise on foreign policy.
Truman's letter was in response Hoover's work in 1945-46 to combat the famine in Europe and Asia that had resulted largely from the devastation of World War II. Truman sought out Hoover for his experience leading the effort to stave off a similar food crisis caused by World War I. In 1914, Hoover had established a food-aid program for Belgium while serving as U.S. food administrator. He had also headed the American Relief Administration from 1917 to 1921 and implemented critical food-rationing and distribution policies for the U.S., Europe and Russia before becoming president in 1929. Truman appointed former President Hoover as honorary chairman of the Famine Emergency Committee in 1946. Hoover, at age 71, worked tirelessly, traveling the world to study the famine and devising solutions to food-distribution problems.
In 1947, Truman assigned Hoover to conduct a survey on the German and Austrian food crisis. He also asked Hoover to propose ways to wean Germany and Austria off U.S. financial aid and retool their economies to be more self-supporting. After filing his report on Germany and Austria, Hoover returned to Washington, D.C., and had barely settled into his new job when Truman asked him to chair the Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch; he agreed. In this capacity, Hoover worked closely with Truman in devising ways to pare down and refine the post-World War II federal government to improve administrative efficiency, curb the powers of the executive branch and loosen what both men considered to be excessive regulatory control of the private business sector. This commission became known as the Hoover Commission.[29]
March 11, 2010
I GET EMAIL!
Hello Mr. Goodlove, I am currently documenting my genealogical information required for membership in the Sons of the American Revolution. While documenting my lineage to an America patriot and revolutionary solider Captain Thomas Moore, I came across your site “This Day In Goodlove History, specifically March 7, 1745. Please see the attached Word document? My sponsor would like to gather all documentation that will help support my claim. The SAR is very diligent regarding who they let into their organization and always need proper documentation. This passage contains what looks to be a publication date and volume number associated to it at the end of the passage, e.g. 1974 VLO-2 73 [1] [2]. It appears some of the information contained in the passage is somewhat the same as I have found, however there are some additional references contained within that he would like to have solid proof about. If it is not too much trouble and as long as copyrights are protected, can you provide me with information where I can find the article by Mr. Wood as it appears in publication? I appreciate any help you can provide me. Thank you for taking time out of your busy schedule to read my e-mail message.
Sincerely, John
John,
Congratulations on your quest to gain membership to the Sons of the American Revolution. Your research into Captain Thomas Moore will be rewarding, and I invite you to visit his grave as a part of this test, to bring home the importance of keeping the memory of your ancestry alive. I will help you with this endeavor in any way I can starting with providing you with my file notes which include the article which you mentioned. I believe I located the original article at the Newberry Library in Chicago. It is one of the finest research libraries in the world. If ever you get to Chicago it is a must see. No books are ever checked out, and all copies are made by the staff. The books on the shelves are just for "show". Everything is stored away. Anyway, it is from the April 1967, issue of Kentucky Ancestors (Vol. 2, No. 4). I think if you call the Library, they will send you a copy of the article for a small fee. Are you interested in any other information on Thomas Moore? Here are some photos of the grave site taken a few years ago. The man shown visiting the grave site is Gary Goodlove, photos by Mary Goodlove, my mother and father. As you can see a restoration/preservation project is needed. This I believe might be something you should think about as an important step in the preservation of your legacy. Jeffery Lee Goodlove, ancestor of Thomas Moore.
P.S. How does one join the SAR?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] Warriors of God by James Reston Jr, page 34..
[2] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[3] The Gutleben Family of Physicians in Medieval Times, by Gerd Mentgen, page 6.
[4] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[5] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm
[6] Inside the Body of Henry VIII, 4/13/2010, NTGEO.
[7] Washington’s Journal, From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969, page 109.
[8] The Brothers Crawford, Allen W. Sholl, 1995
[9] Annals of Southwesten Pennsylvania by Lewis Clark Walkinshaw, Volume I, pg. 361.
[10] Moses Crawford was a son of Valentine Crawford.
[11] The Washington-Crawford Letters, by C. W. Butterfield, 1877
[12] THE BATTLES OF TRENTON AND PRINCETON BY WILLIAM S. STRYKER
[13] Hannah “Vance” Crawford. Hannah is the daughter of John Vance and Elizabeth Glass. JG
[14] Fayette Co., Pennsylvania Petitions Book, No. 1 p. 37
The Brothers Crawford, Scholl, 1995, pg 34-35
[15] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[16] The brothers Crawford by Scholl
[17] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/confederate-constitution-adopted
[18] (Historical Data Systems, comp,. American Civil War Soldiers [database on-line], Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 1999.)
[19] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
[2]Memorial Book: Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Oppression in Germany, 1933-1945
[20] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
[21] American Experience, Influenza 1918, 10/29/2009
[22] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-cases-reported-in-deadly-influenza-epidemic
[23] There Goes the Neighborhood, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots.
[24] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page1761.
[25] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1764.
[26] French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial, by Serge Klarsfeld, page 28.
[27] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1775
[28] Karen L. Davies Administrative Assistant, Grand Lodge of Iowa A.F. & A.M.PO Box 279, Cedar Rapids, IA 52406-0279. 319-365-1438.
[29] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/truman-thanks-herbert-hoover-for-aiding-post-wwii-reconstruction
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