This Day in Goodlove History, June 4

• This Day in Goodlove History, June 4

• By Jeffery Lee Goodlove

• jefferygoodlove@aol.com

•

• Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove

•

• The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with -George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.

•

• The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:

• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx

•

• This project is now a daily blog at:

• http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/

• Goodlove Family History Project Website:

• http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/

•

• Books written about our unique DNA include:

• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.

•

• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.



“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.

•

• My thanks to Mr. Levin for his outstanding research and website that I use to help us understand the history of our ancestry. Go to http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/ for more information. “For more information about the Weekly Torah Portion or the History of Jewish Civilization go to the Temple Judah Website http://www.templejudah.org/ and open the Adult Education Tab "This Day...In Jewish History " is part of the study program for the Jewish History Study Group in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

•

A point of clarification. If anybody wants to get to the Torah site, they do not have to go thru Temple Judah. They can use http://DownhomeDavarTorah.blogspot.com and that will take them right to it.





The details for the GOODLOVE FAMILY REUNION were mailed Apr 9, 2011. If you haven't received the information and want to attend, please e-mail 11Goodlovereunion@gmail.com to add your name to the mailing list. RSVP's are needed by May 10.

Goodlove Family Reunion

Sunday, June 12, 2011

Pinicon Ridge Park, Central City, Iowa

4729 Horseshoe Falls Road, Central City, Iowa 52214

319-438-6616

www.mycountyparks.com/County/Linn/Park/Pinicon-Ridge-Park

The plans at the 2007 reunion were to wait 5 years to meet again. But hey, we are all aging a bit, so why wait: Because it was so hot with the August date, we are trying June this year. We hope that you and your family will be able to come. This is the same location as 2007 and with the same details. The mailing lists are hard to keep current, so I’m sure I have missed a lot of people. Please ask your relatives if they have the information, and pass this on to any relative who needs it.

Horseshoe Falls Lodge 8 AM to 8 PM. We will set up and clean up (although help is nice).

Please sign the Guest Book. Come early, stay all day, or just for a while.

Food- Hy-Vee will cater chicken & Ham plus coffee/iced tea/lemonade. Please bring a vegetable, appetizer, salad, bread or dessert in the amount you would for any family dinner. For those coming from a distance, there are grocery stores in Marion for food and picnic supplies.

Dinner at Noon. Supper at 5 PM. Please provide your own place settings.

Games-Mary & Joe Goodlove are planning activities for young & ‘not so young’. Play or watch. The Park also has canoes and paddle boats (see website for more information).

Lodging- The park does have campsites and a few cabins. Reservations 319-892-6450 or on-line. There are many motels/hotels in Marion/Cedar Rapids area.

The updated Family tree will be displayed for you to add or modify as needed.

Family albums, scrapbooks or family information. Please bring anything you would like to share. There will be tables for display. If you have any unidentified Goodlove family photos, please bring those too. Maybe someone will bhe able to help.

Your RSVP is important for appropriate food/beverage amounts. Please send both accepts & regrets to Linda Pedersen by May 10.

Something new: To help offset reunion costs (lodge rental/food/postage), please consider a donation of at leat $5 for each person attending. You may send your donation with your RSVP or leave it ‘in the hat’ June 12.

Hope to hear from you soon and see you June 12.

Mail

Linda Pedersen

902 Heiler Court

Eldridge, IA 52748

Call:

563-285-8189 (home)

563-340-1024 (cell)

E-mail:

11goodlovereunion@gmail.com

Pedersen37@mchsi.com

I Get Email!

In a message dated 6/2/2011 10:07:11 A.M. Central Daylight Time, JPT@donationnet.net writes:



Dear Jeff,

As I was celebrating Yom Yerushalayim—Jerusalem Day—yesterday, I received a great piece of news that I wanted to share with you. As you may have seen, a short time ago, Iran's Supreme Leader Grand Ayatollah Ali Khamenei urged the Muslim world to boycott anything and everything that originates with the Jewish people. In response, Meyer M. Treinkman, a pharmacist, out of the kindness of his heart, offered to assist them in their boycott as follows:

"A Muslim who has heart disease must not use Digitalis, a discovery by a Jew, Ludwig Traube. Should he suffer with a toothache, he must not use Novocaine, a discovery of the Jew, Alfred Einhorn. If a Muslim has diabetes, he must not use insulin, the result of research by Oskar Minkowski, a Jew.

"Any Muslim who has Syphilis must not be cured by Salvarsan discovered by a Jew, Dr. Paul Ehrlich. He should not even try to find out whether he has Syphilis, because the Wasserman Test was the discovery of a Jew.

"Muslims with convulsions must put up with them because it was a Jew, Oscar Leibreich, who proposed the use of Chloral Hydrate to treat them. Should a Muslim child get Diphtheria, he must refrain from the "Schick" reaction which was invented by the Jew, Bella Schick.

"They should continue to die or remain crippled by Infantile Paralysis because the discoverer of the anti-polio vaccine was a Jew, Jonas Salk. Muslims must refuse to use Streptomycin and continue to die of Tuberculosis because a Jew, Zalman Waxman, invented the wonder drug against this killing disease.

"Muslim doctors must discard all discoveries and improvements by dermatologist Judas Sehn Benedict, or the lung specialist, Frankel, and of many other world renowned Jewish scientists and medical experts."



That highlights pretty well how much the Jewish people have contributed to the world—yet they have so many enemies today committed to their destruction. We must stand with the Jewish people now more than ever—and I'm asking for your help today...asking you to stand with the Jerusalem Prayer Team as we stand for Israel.

Modeh ani l'faneykha, melekh chai vekayam; rabbah emunatekha.

I thank you living and eternal King; great is your faithfulness.

Your ambassador to Jerusalem,

Dr. Michael Evans



This Day…

620 million years ago…On June 4, 1975 paleontologist in North Carolina discover animal fossils over 620 million years old.[1]

June 4, 1039 Conrad II passed away. Born in 990, he served Holy Roman Emperor from 1027 until his death. His reign was part of positive period for the Jews of the Rhineland. The first synagogue was built in Worms in 1034 and Rabbi Gershom ben Judah taught at his famous academy in Mainz until his death in 1028.[2]

1045 AD: Exactly when the more modern tribes began inhabit the Ohio Valley is unknown, but the first of whom we have definite knowledge is the Cahokia Culture in the southern Illinois country, whose realm extended from the Mississippi River eastward to the Vermillion and Embarras rivers, perhaps including the lower Wabash down to the Ohio. This culture reached its peak in A.D. 1045 and then began a slow decline until by 1565 it had ended, although a few remnant branches remained and regrouped into tribes and subtribes called Illinois, Peoria, Mascouten, Vermillion and Kickapoo.[3]

June 4, 1391: A riotous mob led by the Queen Mother's confessor, killed many Jews in Seville, Spain. The massive riots were part of Ferran Martinez’s plan to eradicate the Jews. Historian Netanyahu stated the assault upon the Jewish community "resulted in a bloodbath of massive proportions that all but annihilated the Sevillian Juderia."[4]

June 4, 1738: Birthdate of King George III, the British monarch best remembered as the ruler during the American Revolution. During his reign conditions of his Jewish subjects would improve on several fronts as can be seem from the establishment of the London Board of Shechita, establishment of the Jews’ Free School and Jewish Blind Society.[5]

June 4, 1752: While it might be argued that Rev. Ege just omitted the first name and gave credit for a rank tendered but never actually obtained, a closer examination of the available data shows that Colonel John Eager Howard was born June 4, 1752 in Baltimore County, MD(15). Colonel Howard was only seven years old at the reported birth of the subject Eleanor Howard and hardly capable of being a father. Therefore, at least some of this information appears in error. [6]

June 4, 1764: On June 5, 1764 David Vance and wife Janet sold 288 acres in Hampshire County, Virginia (now West Virgina) to Bryan Bruin. Apparently the deed was never recorded. However, on September 14, 1767 in Hampshire County, Virginia (now West Virginia) Bryan Bruin sold a large tract of land on Green Spring Run to John Mitchel. The tract consisted of seven parcels that Bryan Bruin had purchased from different people. One of those seven parcels had been purchased from David and Janet Vance. The deed stated described that parcel as: "288 acres which was granted to David Vance by Deed from the Proprietor of the Northern Neck bearing the date of April 14, 1762, and the said David Vance and Janet, his wife, conveyed to the said Bryan Bruin by Deeds of Lease and Release bearing date the days of June 4 and 5, 1764." [7]

June 4, 1765

Johann GUTLEBEN was born on June 4, 1765 in Metzeral,Munster,Colmar,Haut-Rhin,Alsace and died on February 10, 1838 at age 72. Johann married Anna Maria BRAESCH (d. December 19, 1829) on December 3, 1818.[8]



June 4, 1777: The staff officers were sent to New York to receive orders from General Howe. They were told that the troops were to go to Staten Island the next day, to debark there, set up camp, and to recover [from the sea voyage]. In the city there were some English regiments and not far away stand various Hessian regiments, camped separately… Here and there the colonists have laid out defensive positions but they have all been abandoned….[9]

June 4, 1777: “4 June – It was the King of England’s birthday. Therefore at twelve o’clock noon, Fort George fired some twelve cannon shots and afterward, at one o’clock, all the warships and several transports fired [their cannons]. At nine o’clock, all the warships and several transports fired illuminated as proof that all the inhabitants at least gave the appearance of being good subjects of the King….[10]

.

June 4, 1777: Rueffer’s diary contains the following entry on 4 June. “Today we received … the order to be standing by ready on the common place at six o’clock in the morning in order to be embarked at the King’s Wharf on the North River.”[11]



June 4, 1779, 06/04/1779 Michael Huffnagle, on behalf of John Godfrey Godfrey had been bought by Edmund Lindsey, who sold him to Edmund Rice, who sold him to William Newell. Term of servitude was up, Godfrey was released by the court. (This may not be a slave; endentured servant). Westmoreland, PA.[12]





June 4, Battle of Sandusky.[13]

June 4, 1782

In seventeen hundred and eighty two,

on the fourth day of May, as I tell it to you;

the [sic] crossed the Ohio, as we understand,

and bold Crawford gave them Command.



Their number four hundred eighty and nine,

and to take the Sandusky Town, was their design.



Our number four hundred 80 and nine

To take the Sandusky it was our design,

When only three Indians to us did appear.

They never suspected their journey was hard and severe,

and they were a great way in the enemies land,

But still we marched on with our small chosen band.



Till we came to the plain, that beautiful place,

Where we met with the Indians, a vile Tory race.

They thought to surround us and kill us all there,

But they were mistaken, most, of us got clear,



Our battle began on the 4th day of June, about 2 o’clock in the afternoon, We fought them till dark till we could no more see, Our killed and wounded was twenty and three.



But they did not fight us so hard the next day They were carrying their dead and wounded away, We killed three to one, it was always agreed But now we must try for the road with all speed.[14]



[June 4, 1782—Tuesday]

For those of the army who had never before seen the Sandusky Plains, their first view of it yesterday was breathtaking. The heavily forested hills through which they had been riding for the better part of a week had abruptly leveled out into high plains, with vast fields of grass as far as the eye could see. Their guides told them this type of terrain would continue all the way to the Sandusky towns, still some 30 miles distant: deep, thick grasses that were emerald green in their lush new growth and so high that the early morning dew soaked their horses and bathed the riders themselves to their waists. There was a deceptive sense of peace to the vista and a strong illusion that they had entered upon an expansive green sea where the surface was calm and smooth except where breezes touched down and rippled the grass in pleasant waving swaths all the way to the western horizon. The illusion of a sea was further enhanced by, here and there in the distance, great isolated groves of trees projecting above the grasses, appearing to be a series of lovely islands. So strong was this sense, in fact, that almost immediately the men referred to these groves as islands and dubbed them with colorful names based on their size or shape or color. Smaller groves, hazy and indistinct in the distance, loomed above the grasses like ships traversing the sea from one of the larger islands to another.

Some of the men, however, viewed the deep grass with a rise of fear; in this sort of cover, a whole great army of Indians could lie hidden beyond detection, abruptly to rise at any given moment and pour a devastating fire into the troops. Their fear became infectious, and soon the initial serenity of the scene was replaced in the men’s minds with uneasy expectation.

Their route since leaving the deserted ruins of Schoenbrun behind had been gradually to the northwest for some 15 miles before their guides turned them on a more directly westward course, a course they had more or less followed over the days since then. Having seen scattered individual Indians at intervals and occasional small parties of them, everyone realized that any hope of reaching the Sandusky villages and attacking by surprise had been lost. When they finally encountered one of the main Indian trails leading toward the Sandusky, they directed their course along it and the traveling became easier.

The first casualty to the army had occurred when one of the privates who complained of not feeling well abruptly leaned sideways and flopped loosely to the ground. When his companions stopped to assist him, they found he was dead and attributed it to exhaustion. He was buried and his grave ridden over by the column of horses so it would not be found by the Indians and the body perhaps disinterred for the scalp.

At length the trail crossed a small stream that was meandering generally northward. Their guides, John Slover, Jonathan Zane and Thomas Nicholson, reputed to be very familiar with this country, said it was the headwaters flow of the Sandusky River. In only a few miles they encountered it again, the stream having swung back to the south and now beginning to take a more generally westward flow. From this point on, the trail they rode followed the left bank of the stream as it gradually increased in size by tributary creeks and the outflow of numerous good springs in the region. Visions of farming such a lush, richly soiled and well-watered land were strong in the minds of many of the volunteers; a seed planted and already germinating that one day, when the Indians had been driven out or destroyed, they would return here to claim land and establish their own prosperous farms.

Just after sunset yesterday they had come to a fine spring where the water was cool and fresh and sweet. It was here that Col. Crawford ordered the army to halt and make camp for the night, warning the men to see to their weapons because the likelihood was strong that they would engage the Indians the following day; not only had glimpses of Indians been seen on their flanks, but the guides had informed him that they were, at this point, only seven or eight miles from Half King’s Town.

As dawn broke this morning, the army roused to find itself in the midst of a dense fog, which made the soldiers very nervous, for fear the Indians would take advantage of it to creep up close and attack them. An order to maintain silence was softly relayed through the companies, and the men squatted at their cook fires and ate their breakfasts with freshly loaded and primed rifles close at hand. Sunrise, when it came, did little more at first than brighten the fog, though they knew that as the sun climbed higher, its rays would quickly burn away the mist. But the sunrise brought something else that was chilling in its implication.

Barely audible in the far distance to the north came the deep dull booming of cannon being fired. Maj. John Rose noted it in his journal, as did Pvt. Michael Walters, the latter writing that he heard the sound of six cannons fired. Hurriedly checking their rifles again, saddling their mounts and reloading their gear, the army started its march again in three columns, each with four riders abreast, while a company of light horse under Capt. William Let, acting as an advance unit, rode a quarter-mile ahead. Shortly after this morning’s movement began, the trail they were following rounded a wide bend in the Sandusky River, and now the army moved in a more northwestward direction over the gently roofing sea of grasses. Very quickly the sense of tension among the men increased, as word was passed that they were approaching the principal target of their expedition, Half King’s Town, believed to be the major stronghold of the Wyandots.

Soon they came to the place to which guide Thomas Nicholson said the Moravian Indians had been relocated the previous fall when forced by the Wyandots and hostile Delawares to move. He said it was called Captives’ Town. He also had heard, he said, that the Moravians, soon after learning of the massacre of their kin at Gnadenhütten, had moved to the mouth of the Auglaize River on the Maumee. They expected to find no one at Captives’ Town and were not disappointed. The level ground overlooking the Sandusky River where the Moravians had stayed throughout much of the winter was plain enough to see, but scant trace of their temporary residence remained; nothing more than a number of places where fires had been built and a few jumbles of sticks where makeshift shelters had collapsed.

Soon afterward Col. Crawford brought the troops to a state of full-alert readiness as they approached the place where guide John Slover said the principal Wyandot village, Half King’s Town, was located. Slover said he had been there many times during the six years he had spent in captivity with the Miamis and occasionally after that, during the succeeding six years he had spent as a captive of the Shawnees. Then he had actually lived there for a considerable while after being captured by the Wyandots. No one, Col. Crawford was certain, was better qualified to guide them at this point than John Slover, and the commander was thankful to see that the grasses were less dense here, most of them only knee high or less and thus affording little cover for any kind for ambush. Nevertheless, a strong aura of apprehension overhung the whole army.

Now, when the village itself came into sight, they saw no signs of life, apart from a single dog that quickly slunk out of sight with its tail between its legs. They advanced with care and saw there was something very strange about the place. The doors to the cabins were open or missing, the wegiwas were caving in on themselves and the whole village was unkempt, uncared for, unlived in. It was apparent to Col Crawford that not only had this major Wyandot village been abandoned, it had been so for a considerable while. This, for many of the men in his force, confirmed their worst fears: They were expected. The commander immediately summoned the guides and asked for an explanation.

“Colonel,” said John Slover, “I have no idea what’s happened here. This place was bustin’ out with Wyandots last February. I can’t imagine they’re really gone.”

“Been a month, mebbe, since they were here, from the looks of things,” Jonathan Zane put in. “Where you figger they went, Tom?”

Nicholson, who had spent a great deal of time among the Wyandots, shook his head and shrugged. “Dunno. Mebbe down to Lower Sandusky. Mebbe only to McCormick’s.” Lower Sandusky was in excess of 40 miles farther down the Sandusky River, just above its mouth at Sandusky Bay, and Alexander McCormick’s Trading Post was on the Sandusky about eight miles downstream from this abandoned village.

Col. Crawford gave orders for the army to rest and drink at the fine spring here, fill their canteens and let their horses graze on the lush grasses, but he warned that all should keep themselves at the ready for instant action. He then called his officers to council.

Immediately heated arguments erupted among the officers. Some felt that the Indians, fearful of the approaching Americans, were in flight ahead of them and should be pursued all the way to Lower Sandusky if necessary; others believed all indications underlined the fact that the Indians were aware of their approach and had now positioned themselves somewhere ahead, where the terrain was most advantageous to themselves, to ambush the American army. This latter group favored returning home immediately.

The guides were asked for their opinion, and those three men briefly discussed the matter among themselves as the officers waited. Then both Thomas Nicholson and John Slover deferred to Jonathan Zane as their spokesman, and he turned his attention to the commander, slowly shaking his head.

“Colonel,” he said, “I got me a bad feeling. We all do. We don’t like the looks of this at all. I don’t know what’s goin’ on, but the three of us”—he indicated Slover and Nicholson— ‘know there’s some more Indian towns—Wyandot and Delaware both—just a few miles ahead. The fact that we haven’t seen any Indians at all might mean they could be waiting for us in force, that all of ‘em are gathering someplace ahead to hit us with maybe two, three, four times as many men as we’ve got. l— three of us, in fact—think we ought to get the hell out of here quick-like.”

“You mean turn back?” Col. Williamson blurted incredulously. “Without firing a gun?”

“I mean turn back and get ourselves back to where we came from just as soon as we can,” Zane said firmly.

Capt. John Hoagland snorted and then laughed without humor. “Oh, sure,” he said derisively. “We’ve just marched ten days through the wilderness to engage the Indians, and because we find an abandoned village, we simply turn around and go back. Makes sense to me.” He snorted again and then spat to one side. “For God’s sake, Colonel, let’s get on with what we came here to do.”

“Give me fifty men of my choice,” Col. Williamson spoke up, “and let me go ahead to the town that’s supposed to be there, and I’ll burn ‘em out.”

Col. Crawford shook his head. “Permission denied. We are not going to weaken this force by sending out detachments on a whim.”

Crawford was personally inclined to take Zane’s advice. Nevertheless, considering that the majority of the other officers seemed to agree with Hoagland, the consensus was to continue forward on the trail following the Sandusky River down stream. Col. Crawford decided that they would go onward at least until this evening and, when camp was made, the matter would be discussed again in light of what they had discovered between now and then. Allowing the troops and horses to have a little more rest, Crawford at length gave the order for the march to resume, now with Capt. William Leet’s advance light horse company hardly 300 yards ahead.

Three miles later, still not having encountered any opposing Indians, the army paused again when it came to several more fine large springs bubbling from the earth at a slight bluff. Here Crawford, more nervous than he cared to admit, called a halt and gave the order to dismount and break ranks for the noon meal, despite the fact that they had rested only a short time before. As the men did so, some of the more outwardly apprehensive began murmuring that, since many of them now had only five days’ provisions remaining in reserve, maybe the advice of their guides ought to be followed.

Crawford held another council with his officers. Ever more suspicious of possible ambush, he directed his adjutant and aide, Maj. John Rose, to take a detachment of two dozen men and reconnoiter the country ahead. The main army would follow as soon as they had finished eating. Maj. Rose selected his men and set out at once.

Through the prairie grasses the advance detachment now rode, heading directly northward toward a large island of trees looming in the distance. Their passage through the grasses on both sides of the narrow path left a clear trail for the main army to follow. The grove, three miles north of where the army had paused, turned out to be a relatively dense woodland, somewhat oval shaped, with the southeastern end squeezed together and then flaring out again, almost like the neck of a flower vase. The trail they were following passed through this grove for a quarter-mile close to its northwestern edge, where it flowed over a small knoll. Maj. Rose made a mental note that because of the timber’s elevation on this small hill, it could prove to be a vantage point from which to fight, should the Indians attack. Though the trees were close together and there was abundant fallen timber in various stages of decomposition, there was not a great deal of undergrowth. A short distance into the island of trees, Maj. Rose discovered a pleasant glen less densely filled with trees. Here he ordered his men to leave most of their excess baggage and continue forward as a light unit traveling fast, ready to engage a small force of Indians or to flee in the face of a larger one.

Leaving their excess gear in the care of a four-man guard, who would await the arrival of the main army, Maj. Rose and his men rode on, soon leaving the grove and ? through the prairie along the Indian trail now angling to the northeast. In less than a mile the trail forked, one portion turning more to the north and the other somewhat more easterly. Rose elected to follow the branching left path—the road that the guides had said led northward to Lower Sandusky and, eventually, Detroit.

They traveled another mile and a half, with the way ahead appearing to be nothing more than a continuation of the unbroken undulating prairie to the left and a line of trees three quarters of a mile distant tO the right, which Rose correctly assumed was the growth along the Sandusky River.

Abruptly, three Indian horsemen were sighted, who apparently saw Rose’s detachment simultaneously They fled, and the detachment pursued. The Indians maintained a steady distance ahead of them and Rose, after a few minutes, suspecting the three were leading them into an ambush, called a halt. It was wise that he did. With startling suddenness, a huge horde of Wyandots and Delawares, led by Monakaduto, Pimoacan and Wingenund, war painted and wearing little more than breechclouts boiled up and out of a hidden ravine and engaged them with musket fire. The attackers split into a V shape in an effort to encircle the detachment.

The Indians in the forefront of the attack were Delawares under Pimoacan and wingenund, and Simon Girty was with them. Close on their heels were the Wyandots led by Monakaduto, accompanied by the newly arrived British force of Rangers, most of them clad as Indians, along with a number of Frenchmen and slaves, plus the Indians brought along under Capt. Matthew Elliott Chippewas, primarily with a scattering of Ottawas and Miamis.

Most fortunately for the American advance detachment, Maj. Rose had stopped them just in time. The Indians had been forced to spring their ambush prematurely when most of the volunteers were still out of range of the Indian bows and muskets. Rose instantly sent Pvts. William Meetldrk and Cornelius Peterson galloping back to warn the main army and, with the remaining force, fought off the attack while gradually falling back through the prairie from rise to rise, pausing every so often to fire at the Indians and temporarily halt them, all the while returning toward the island of trees where they had left their baggage. Rose consistently kept himself closest to the Indians during the retreat ? close, in fact, that on one occasion some of the few Indians who were mounted came close enough to hurl tomahawks at him, which he coolly dodged in a rather remarkable display of horsemanship.

As the riders sent back to warn the army passed through the grove, they alerted the baggage guards to prepare to fight. Without pause they continued back on their own trail and in five miles met the main army, which was just beginning to come toward them from the area of the springs. Crawford listened grimly to the report Meetkirk and Peterson brought.

Fearing for the safety both of Rose’s advance detachment and of his own men knowing how fatal it could become to be surrounded by the approaching enemy in this open prairie terrain—Col. Crawford immediately ordered his entire force forward at a gallop to the grove, where if necessary a more protected defensive stand could be made in the cover the timber would provide.

Rose and his men, in the meantime, with their retreats and pauses, had finally reached the grove of trees again, an hour after the ambush had first been sprung. Taking cover behind trees and logs, they sent a more effective fire at the enemy, causing them to swing wide to the southeast and begin to enter the woods there to similarly afford themselves of cover.

Crawford’s force neared the grove on the other side, and the commander and his men could hear the distant gunfire coming from the northern fringe of the island of trees. Following the trail, they thundered up the low wooded hill to the glen where Rose had deposited his baggage. Recognizing the advantage the elevation on this slight hill would play as a defensive position, the commander selected its crest as a core for their stand. He ordered a number of the companies to spread out on the perimeter of the entire woodland, drive out any enemy encountered and hold the ground. Immediately, then, he led the remainder of his troops down the northern slope of the wooded knoll to the relief of Rose’s detachment.

None of Rose’s men had been killed, either in the ambush or during the three-mile retreat, although a couple were slightly wounded. Rose reported, however, that he believed that at least a couple of the attacking Indians had been killed, despite the advantage their ambush afforded. It was difficult to be certain, however, because of the shoulder high grasses.

Even though all this initial fighting had occurred on the northern and eastern perimeters of the woodland, a rumor soon circulated that, under cover provided by the tall grasses, the Indians had spread out around the entire grove. Whether true or not, those on the northern side provided little target for the Americans as they popped up into sight only long enough to aim and fire, then squatted again, hidden, to reload.

The Battle of Sandusky was on.

Capt. John Hoagland, who had so brashly advocated going on, against the advice of Jonathan Zane, soon became one of the first casualties. A ball struck him in the forehead and knocked him lifeless to the ground. A short time later Pvt. James Little also fell dead, when he momentarily stepped from behind his protective tree and took a bullet in the center of his throat that broke his neck.

Crawford was informed that the Indians had penetrated the southeastern end of the grove, and he ordered several companies to drive them out, which they did after a brief hot fight, during which Capt. James Munn pursued several warriors into the grass, only to be sent sprawling when a bullet passed through his right leg just above the ankle. A Wyandot with upraised tomahawk raced past screaming and Munn tried to scramble out of the way, but his leg was broken and he was unable to lunge as much to the side as he intended. It was enough to save his life, but the tomahawk grazed him and laid open the side of his face. Before other warriors could rush up and finish the job, one of Munn’s privates, William Brady, hoisted him onto a horse and plunged back into the woodland with him. The private brought him to the knoll where the wounded were being treated, and Dr. John Knight skillfully set Munn’s leg and bandaged his face.

At the same time, Indians all along the woodland’s northern perimeter continued firing from the grasses. If there were Indians on the south side of the grove, they were keeping well hidden and the way seemed open for retreat, but, though Crawford seriously considered such a move, he decided against it, figuring it to be a trap where his force, strung out in a retreat march, could be successfully ambushed by unseen Indians already in hiding in the tall grasses.

Pvt. Jonas Sams had taken a position behind a huge, relatively isolated black oak standing at the very edge of the northern flank of the woods. Unlike so many of his fellow volunteers, who were firing at every movement of the grass, real or imagined, he chose his targets with care. At age 26, he was an experienced hunter and woodsman, and well knew the value of waiting to let the quarry betray itself. When the call had been raised for this campaign against the Sandusky towns, he had ridden with other militia members from Thorn’s Tavern—located on the road from Redstone to Washington village—to the rendezvous at Mingo Bottom.

Using a Pennsylvania rifle that shot a .69 caliber ball, Jonas Sams methodically selected his targets and fired with considerable success throughout the day. Specializing in long shots, by the end of a few hours he had fired his rifle 18 times and knocked down at least half of the Indians at whom he had aimed, with little doubt in his mind that he had killed the majority of those who fell. At one point he spotted a British officer a considerable distance away, clad all in white except for his hat and boots. Jonas took a bead on him and fired. The range was even greater than he thought, and the ball ripped through the grasses short of his target. Jonas reloaded and, revising his aim, shot again. As he later wrote to his father:



the second time I fetcht him to the ground. He was a great way off but I had a gun that carried almost an ounce ball and I raised the hind sight the second time and he fell off his white horse.



A short while later Sams again shot an Indian, and, spotting another within range, he got in too much of a hurry and dropped a fresh ball into the barrel of his gun before putting in the gunpowder. Because of this, he was forced to run back into the woods to get the jammed ball out by on briching it. While doing so, he was disgusted to see a number of the volunteers hiding from the Indian gunfire, cowering behind fallen trees or in root holes, either not firing their rifles at all or occasionally shooting at random, without aiming and without the least possibility of hitting an enemy. Once he got the ball out and properly reloaded his weapon, he raced back to the isolated oak tree and continued to fire at the Indians until it got too dark to see them.

Casualties were fairly light during the first few hours and, in the middle of the afternoon, convinced that the Indian force attacking them was not as strong as at first believed, Col. David Williamson sought out Col. Crawford and requested permission to take a detachment of 200 men and make a sudden charge out of the woods to engage them. Crawford, however, continued to believe it would be ill advised to divide his force and, much to Williamson’s dismay, rejected the plan. Crawford was correct in his refusal because, as the day wore on, it became evident that the Indian force ranged in numbers from 600 warriors to as many as 1,000, perhaps more. Pvt. Hugh Workman of Leet’s light horse had been paying close attention to how many Indians were arrayed against them and he was appalled by the odds, concluding that there were no fewer than 1,000 warriors on hand, plus the British Rangers, making the odds greater than two to one against the Americans.

Not long after the battle first broke out, the rifle of Pvt. John Sherrard of Capt. Biggs’s company became jammed and useless. Looking for some way to continue helping, he approached Dr. Knight at the knoll, who was having a tough time keeping up in his care for the wounded. The surgeon, in the process of treating Pvt. John McDonald, whose right thigh had been broken by a ball, suggested that since Sherrard had no weapon, he scout around in the woods and try to find a spring or some other source of water for the men, wounded or otherwise, who were suffering from thirst because of the acrid smoke that so severely burned their throats.

Sherrard methodically searched the woods for the better part of an hour before he finally located a deep pool of stagnant water in the root hole of a large storm-toppled tree. From that point on, while the battle continued raging about him, he made frequent trips to the pool, filling canteens and other containers and bringing the water to the wounded and to the soldiers still actively fighting. The water was warm and distasteful, but it was wet and the soldiers accepted it gratefully. Unfortunately, it was also contaminated and, within just a few hours, the men who drank it began getting very sick, weak and feverish and were wracked by vomiting.

By four in the afternoon, the noise of the gunfire was deafening and the fighting had become quite general all along the grove’s northern perimeter. A pall of murky bluish-white smoke drifted wraithlike through the trees and hung like an evil mist over the prairie. Several of the horses of the volunteers had been killed or injured early in the fighting, and by this time all that could be reached and moved had been taken well into the woods.

While directing the defense amid the trees, Col. Crawford reached for the powderhorn on his hip, but it was shattered and carried away by a ball only an instant before he would have grasped it. A nearby private who had two powderhorns stepped up and, grinning, handed the extra one to his commander. “Try to take better care of this one, sir,” he said jokingly. An instant later that soldier’s grinning was ended for a long time, or perhaps permanently, as his upper lip was shot away.534

In the midst of all the thunder of gunfire, shrieks, yells and cries of pain, there came the wholly unexpected sound of singing. It was Pvt. John Gunsaula. His rifle had misfired and, in checking it for the reason, he found that he had fired so much that a charred residue of gunpowder was coating the underside of his flint, preventing it from creating a spark when it struck the pan. So now, seated on a log with his hunting knife in hand, he unconcernedly sang a Dutch melody of his youth while he picked his flint with the tip of his knife, bit by bit cleaning off the black debris.

“Mighty nice singin’, John.” The voice of Pvt. Daniel Canon drifted down to him from above, and Gunsaula looked up and waved, continuing to sing through his smile. High overhead in the treetop, Canon and a few other men had found a far more advantageous and successful location than ground level for spotting their attackers. Their gaze moved back and forth continuously as they watched the grasses beyond the trees, anticipating that telltale movement of the foliage that would indicate the hiding place of a warrior who would sooner or later rise to shoot and would instead meet a bullet from one of these sharpshooting snipers.

By late afternoon, a number of squaws had come forward and joined in the affray in their own way. Beating on kettles with sticks and screeching in shrill, harsh voices, they added significantly to the din in an effort to further intimidate and demoralize the Americans. When they happened across dead Americans, most of them already scalped, they took their weapons and goods and stripped them of their clothing. If the dead they encountered were Indians, they quickly carried them off. Mortally wounded prisoners they encountered were dispatched with tomahawks or knives, scalped and similarly stripped of anything worthwhile. Any soldiers not mortally wounded were carried off as prisoners to the villages to be questioned and most likely tortured to death.

It was from one such prisoner that the Indians learned that Col. David Williamson, perpetrator of the Moravian Massacre, was with the Americans as second in command. At once plans were discussed about how they might be able to kill him.

Later in the afternoon, Simon Girty, riding a large gray horse, appeared alone at a distance, a white cloth of truce hanging from the end of a pole tilted over his shoulder. So far as could be seen, he was unarmed. When a slight lull came in the firing, he cupped his mouth and called out loudly:

“I want to talk to Colonel Williamson. The Indians are agreeable to talking peace if he will come out to meet me and discuss terms.”

Someone among the defenders yelled back for Girty to wait while the colonel was summoned. Girty, responding with a wave, remained sitting quietly astride his horse. At the end of some ten minutes, Col. Williamson, on foot, appeared at the fringe of the woods, accompanied by several volunteers and Dr. Knight. The latter had known Girty well at Fort Pitt, and there had been a degree of friendship between them at one time. Col. Williamson had known Girty, too, but he viewed the distant horseman with distaste; no love had ever been lost between himself and Girty at Fort Pitt. In fact, eight years ago, just before Dunmore’s War, he and Girty had been engaged in a brawl, until Girty, who was getting the worst of it, was unexpectedly rescued by a huge young frontiersman who turned out to be Simon Kenton. Now the officer motioned those with him to stay where they were among the trees, and he took several steps out into the open.

“Girty!” he called. “This is Dave Williamson. What do you want?”

“Peace talk,” Girty shouted in return. “Just you’n me to start. Let’s end this damn fight right now. C’mon out here, an’ you an’ me’ll talk it out.”

“So you can kill me when I get close?” Williamson replied scornfully.

“I ain’t got no weapons,” Girty replied. “Tell you what. You come seven steps forward an’ stop, an’ I’ll do the same.”

Williamson considered this a moment and then stepped forward seven paces and stopped. Girty kneed his horse forward even more than that and stopped, the movement carrying him within range of a good shot. Immediately one of the volunteers at the fringe of the woodland leveled his rifle and took a bead on Girty, and was in the process of squeezing the trigger when Dr. Knight’s hand closed across the cocked hammer and thwarted the shooting.

“What’s the matter with you, man?” he growled. “You don’t shoot a man under a flag of truce.”

Almost on the heels of this little tableau, an Indian suddenly rose from hiding in the grasses, hardly 30 yards from Williamson, and snapped off a shot at him. The ball missed, and the colonel wheeled and raced back behind the closest tree, a large sugar maple slightly apart from the grove. As he spun into cover behind the broad trunk, five or six other shots came from the grasses and slammed into the tree but did not harm the officer. Immediately the volunteers returned the fire, but neither Girty nor any of the Indians appeared to be hit. Girty, cursing loudly, wheeled his big gray horse around and galloped off in the deep grass.

Once again the pitch of battle rose and continued as the day dwindled away. The Indians found a certain degree of both satisfaction and frustration in the pro­longed fighting: satisfaction in the knowledge that their bullets were gradually taking a toll on the Americans boxed in within the island of trees, and frustration from the failure of the attempt to kill Col. Williamson and from the fact that these Americans had managed to get themselves ensconced in a defensive posture considerably to their advantage. Already too many Indians had been killed or wounded in the effort to draw them out of the timber and onto a more equal footing. Many of the younger, brasher warriors, overconfident in their fighting abilities, wanted merely to plunge into the woods and meet the Americans in hand-to-hand combat, but Pimoacan, Wingenund and Monakaduto dissuaded them of such a notion; it was not the Indian way to engage in a war of attrition. Nevertheless, not even the chiefs themselves were pleased with the results of the battle thus far.

“Patience, my brothers,” Matthew Elliott told them. “You have them where you want them. They cannot go anywhere and they have no water, so they will very soon begin to suffer from the lack of it. It will drive them to do desperate acts, and men who are desperate make mistakes. You have only to hold them here until the artillery arrives, and then the woods will no longer protect them.”

It was reassuring, but only because they were as yet unaware that the British artillery was bogged down in a marsh some seven or eight miles to the north; the exhausted horses were no longer able to budge the heavy guns.

Just before sunset a number of individual American soldiers, their eyes reddened and smarting from the searing mist of gunsmoke in which they had been fighting for so many hours, began making daring dashes out of the protective timber and into the prairie in search of the enemy. One of these was Pvt. Michael Myers, who took refuge behind a single large black walnut tree some distance from the grove. As he stood leaning against the tree and looking for an Indian to shoot, the bark of the tree exploded close to his head as it was struck by a ball, showering splinters painfully into his cheeks and forehead but luckily missing his eyes. Carefully peeking around the trunk in the direction from which the shot had come, Myers saw a warrior ducking down below his own cover, an oak that was the only other isolated tree in this area. The oak tree forked into two main trunks three feet above the ground, and Myers aimed his rifle steadily at the base of the V. A few moments later there was a movement, and the head of the hidden warrior came into view. The ball from Myers’s rifle struck him in the center of the forehead and carried away the whole back of his skull.



A short while later, Myers detected a movement in the grass that he assumed was several Indians crawling along. Instead of shooting at the moving grass as so many others were doing, he waited, watching closely. Eventually the crawlers reached an area where the grasses were thinner and Myers saw one of them rise to shoot. He shot first, sending the Indian tumbling with a broken thigh and scattering his com­panions. Two of the army’s sentinels rushed out into the grass and one, who had a sword, cut off the wounded Indian’s head with a single hard slash.

The other volunteers who had left the cover of the woods moved about in a stooped manner below the tops of the deep grasses, emulating the mode of fighting of their attackers, bobbing up to aim and fire, then ducking down again to reload before continuing their crouching search. But it was a very hazardous pursuit and so many were being wounded—Pvts. Joseph Edgington and James Bane among them— that Col. Crawford quickly sent out an order curtailing the practice.

Pvt. Angus McCoy, while remaining in the fringe of timber, did not take advantage of the available cover but chose to stand fully exposed to the Indians as he fired. Remarkably, after several hours he remained unwounded, but his clothing had been riddled with holes from the balls that had so narrowly missed him.

As evening came on and the twilight deepened, the heavy gunfire gradually diminished until it became only isolated and momentary exchanges. The question of whether the Americans were truly surrounded by the foe was more or less resolved when, in the growing darkness, fires sprang into life in a wide arc out of effective rifle range. Both to contain the Americans and to prevent their making a surprise night attack, the Indians built 50 or more individual fires, mainly along the northern rim of the woodland and around its eastern end, closest to the Sandusky River, but there were also scattered blazes on the southern flank and the western end. They kept the fires burning brightly all night. About the only areas that remained dark were those where the trail to the south passed through, and toward the southwest where an expansive cranberry bog was close to the grove.

The day-long battle had left the Americans exhausted and victims of growing demoralization. They were all suffering from thirst, and those who had drunk the contaminated water from the root pool were miserable in their sickness and could no longer be considered effective fighting men. Worse yet, their supply of ammunition was precariously low; the hours of shooting had gravely diminished their powder and lead. As the soldiers refilled their powderhorns and shot pouches from the dwindling reserves, they were cautioned about excessive shooting and advised to choose their targets carefully and fire only when reasonably sure of hitting an enemy.

Col. Crawford ordered double-strength sentries for the night’s guard: two men at each assigned post along the perimeter of the woods, so that the weary guards could help keep each other awake and fire alarm shots if, under cover of the darkness, the Indians attempted to infiltrate the woods.[15]



[16]







June 4th Tuesday, 1782

June 4th Tuesday.—Early this morning we heard the discharge of several cannon at some considerable distance. It was impossible to judge with certainty by their report, as the air was heavy on account of a very thick fogg. the report was to the N. Some Showers of rain we had yesterday afternoon, occasioned the discharge of all our rifles before we march’d. This was ordered to be done in Companies— Seven miles from this Spring we encamped on, we discovered a quarter of a mile from the Road the remains of the Town of the Moravians who were removed from there again last Spring. It extended along the Sandusky River, which is but shallow here & I counted 26 Houses burnt and 9 standing. A litle distance farther down, on the East end of a glade, likewise contiguous to the River, some Cabbins of the Half King were yet to be seen.

A short distance before we reached this place we crossed a Creek, which some count to the Waters of Sioto others say it is a branch of the Sandusky. Immediately beyond it, is a ravine. Where the path leads across this river the woods are brushy & the ascent on the North Side steep.

Beyond the glade you ascend a hill; and here the Shawnoe path joined our Road to Sandusky. A short distance beyond it, is the old Town along a small Spring—counted 20 miles from the beginning of the plains.

Here some murmur arose among the men & near 100 combined not to proceed any farther, as they thought the Indians were moved to Lower Sandusky, because no signs of anything living was discernible about this place. Upon the affirmation of the pilots that they had heard the Town had been removed 2 miles lower, all agreed to proceed that distance, whilst others were keen to go on to the lower town.

We continued our march about 5 miles farther on through an alimost continued glade, and halted in the skirts of a piece of Woods, where the Majority was for returning & not to go on any farther, discouraged by the scarcity of their provisions, and that there was not the least sign of any cultivation or habitation, nor of catle or horses. I had the Command of 2 Companies mounted on the best horses amounting to 40 men assigned me. I employed these in reconnoitring the Woods—posting them as Vedettes, whilst the Line halted—and in covering with some Foot the passing of Defiles, whilst marching towards the ennemy. Here Col. C—d requested me to go a head some miles and reconnoitre the Country whether I could discover the Town or signs of an ennemy. Meanwhile he would take the sense of the Body, whether to proceed or to return. Col. Williamson at the same time told me, he had been assured by old Shabo the town was removed 8 miles lower down the river from the old Town. I was escorted by 24 Horse[17], their Baggage & provisions incumbered them too much for a rapid move, this we left hid 1 miles from the main Body[18]. I had gone when about 3 miles near the entrance of a piece of woods my advance discovered the roofs[19]of 8 houses[20].

At the same time I saw a party of Indians upon my right along the edge of a wood, and a large Body trying with the utmost velocity to gain my Rear.[21]

to apprize the main Body of the approach of an enemy as I knew them to be in the utmost confusion, disputing & quarelling—to detain the enemy by a show of an attack and faint resistance, to gain our party time to form a disposition and possess themselves of proper ground—not to have my retreat to them cut off, which was not very well possible in these plains—and lastly not to loose the Baggage & provisions of my men, were the points I wanted to gain.

I dispatched immediately 2 of the swiftest horses, and by dispersing my men suspended the enemy’s attention whilst I sent a party to secure the provisions etc who I ordered to wait for me &. the rest at the spot.[22] I continued forming my men upon eminences and then again dispersing them over the plains, that I gained a good Deal of time. But observing that their main force drew towards my Rear, to take possession as I imagined of a piece of woods through which I had to pass, on account of a morass to my left, I was obliged to join my men at the provision with some haste. this drew near 50 Indians naked & painted into the plains. On an eminence where I joined the remainder of my party I formed the whole and exchanged some shot. By this time I observed the main Body in motion in my Rear, marching up to that piece of woods, where I feared the enemy in­tended to cut off my retreat.[23] Here both parties met one another and a hot firing immediately commenced at 4 P.M.— Our people possessed themselves in a short time of this piece of Woods, & a hot fire was kept up untill Sun Set in a small Skirt, which had communication with those woods the enemy was in. Col. Gaddis who commanded in our Rear kept his ground & about sunset push’d the ennemy out of a skirt communicating with the enemy’s Woods like the one in front—His party was far superior to the enemy, and it costed him much ado, to get his men to a push.[24] Major Brenton on the Left, had extended his Wing to far, & lost rather ground. He saw himself obliged to contract his Line. The firing ceased at sunset[25]—We were very much distressed on this ground for the want of Water, & discovered at last a pudle of Rain Water at the foot of an old turned up tree.

We had in this day’s action 2 men killed upon the spot. three more died in the night of their wounds. Nineteen were wounded. of whom three more are mortally so. One man of ours was scalped in that point of Woods, where Gaddis commanded. I heard but of two scalps our party took.

the whole Body was to remain upon their arms all night. Notwithstanding we could not find men to cover our right flank for near half a quarter of a Mile.[26]



On Thursday, the 4th of June.

On Thursday, the 4th of June, which was the eleventh day of our march, about one o’clock we came to the spot where the town of Sandusky formerly stook; the inhabitants had moved 18 miles lower down the creek nearer the lower Sandusky; but as neither our guides or any who were with us had known any thing of their removal, we began to conjecture there were no Indian towns nearer than the lower Sandusky, which was at least forty miles distant.

However, after refreshing our horses we advanced in search of some of their settlements, but had scarcely got the distance of three or four miles from the old town when a number our men expressed their desire to return, some of them alleging that they had only five day’ provisions; upon which the field Officers and Captains, determined in council, to proceed that afternoon and no longer. Previous to the calling of this council, a small party of light hgorse had been sent forward to reconnoiter.

I shall here remark by the way, that there are a great many extensive plains in that country. The woods in general grow very thin, and free from brush and underwook; so that light horsemen may advance a considerable distance before an army with out being much exposed to the enemy.

Just as the council decided, and express returned from the above mentioned party of light horse with intelligence that they had been about three miles in front, and had seen large body of Indians running towards them. In a short time we saw the rest of the light horse, who joined us, and having gone one mile further, met a number of Indians who had partly got possession of a piece of woodes before us, whilest we were in the plains; but our men alighting from their horses and rushing into the woods, soon obliged them to abandon that place.

The enemy being by this time reinforced, flanked to the right, and part of them coming in nearer, quickly made the action more serious. The firing continued very warm on both sides from four o’clock until the dusk of the evening, each party maintaining their ground.[27]



June 4, 1782

Having in the last war been a prisoner amongst the Indians many years, and so being well acquainted with the country west of the Ohio, I was emplyed as a guide in the expedition under Col. William Crawford against the Indian towns on or near the river Sandusky. It will be unnecessary for me to relate what is so well known, the circumstances and unfortunate events of theat expedition; it will be sufficient to observe, that having on Tuesday the fourth of June, fought the enemy near Sandusky, we lay that night in our camp…[28]



During the night of June 4 both forces lay upon their arms. The invader’s light horse was ordered to remain dismounted so as to fight on foot. Within the woods, cooking fires burned.

To prevent night sorties on either side, larger fires were lighted. One line of fires was fueled by the American militia along the edge of the woods they occupied. Farther out in the surrounding prairie Indian sentinels kept another line of fires lighted. [29]



June 4, 1782

Augusta Moore. Male, 11, Abraham.

William Harrison. Male, 40, Larrow; female, 17, Sall; male, 15,Jacob.

Thomas Moore. Male, 40, Simon; female, 17, Sall; male, 15 Jacob.[30]





Firing on both sides resumed early the morning of the fifth. It sas sporadic. “The fighting was in little flirs.” Reported Stephen Burkam (Burcham), a private.

The Indians moved about, deliberately drawing the militia’s fire. This further depleted the American’s ammunition. Rose recalled that the enemy was “resolute.” With fewer numbers, the Indians gave the impression that they were more numerous. They attacked in plac4es with some strength while other Indians strung themselves out farther and farther around the woods, concealing their attacks and preventing the militia from outflanding them. “He [the Indian] discovers all your motions,” Rose lamented. `

The encirclement continued to thicken as the hous passed. Groups of tardy Lake Indians, Ottowa, Chippawa, and Potawatoomi—appeared. All the while the Indians became bolder. Some infiltrated the eastern end of the leg of light timber that had been greatly contested the previous afternoon. Parties were near enough now to hurl back and forth taunts and insults. Attempts were made to arrang a parley of opposing officers but each attempt failed, Simon Girty, the British renegade, nearly being shot on one occasion despite a flag of truce he carried.

In the American postion, a debate meanwhile developed concerning a proposed counterattack upon the Indians in the eastern leg of timber. “A plan was proposed to send a party of 150 mounted men on the best Horses, upon the enemy’s left Flank and attack [the Indians] at the same time with 50 Foot in front in that small stripe of Woods,” Rose wrote. “Col Williamson was to lead the foot and the Command of the horse was assigned to me.” Col. Crawford “talked of taking the sense of his Field Officers, and the proposal was laid a side.”[31]



June 4, 1790: Geo. W. Crawford, born June 4, 1790, died September 20, 1871.



June 4, 1822: With the idea of division in mind (Bullskin and Connellsville) the court was again petitioned in March, 1822, when an order was issued to Isaac Meason, Moses Vance, and Thomas Boyd to act as commissioners to view the proposed township. On the 4th of June, (June 4) 1822, their report was made and approved by the court, although not fully confirmed until Oct. 31, 1822, when Connellsville township was erected.[32]



June 4, 1826: Josiah McKinnon married Catharine Harrison. [33]



June 4, 1832: Perry GODLOVE b: JUNe 4, 1832 in Guernsey co, Oh. .[34]



Sat. June 4, 1864

Clear until 2 pm then rained

Nothing of note transpired today

Cloudy all night[35]

June 4, 1919: In 1916, the Democratic and Republican parties endorsed female enfranchisement, and on June 4, 1919, the 19th Amendment was passed by Congress and sent to the states for ratification. On August 18, 1920, Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify the amendment, achieving the required three-fourths majority of state ratification, and on August 26 the 19th Amendment officially took effect.[36]

February 22, 1922: In Washington, D.C., the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, providing for female suffrage, is unanimously declared constitutional by the eight members of the U.S. Supreme Court. The 19th Amendment, which stated that "the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State on account of sex," was the product of over seven decades of meetings, petitions, and protests by women suffragists and their supporters. [37]

•

• May 26-June 4, 1940

• British forces retreat across the English Channel to Great Britain.[38]

• June 4, 1942: Heydrich is severely wounded in Prague by the “Anthropoid” team. He dies of his wounds on June 4.[39]

• June 4, 1942: The United States declares war on Romania.[40]

June 4-7, 1942: United States forces defeat the Japanese at Midway, in the Pacific.[35][41]

June 4, 1944: Rome is captured by the American 5th Army.[36][42]



June 4, 2010

I Get Email!

Jeff

Is there any specific part of the books that you want translated? My friend is so excited to be doing this. She used to correspond with her Grandmother in Russia when she was a child and it was all in Yiddish.

Susan



Susan, I would just start at the beginning with the title etc. and see what happens. Tell your friend how appreciative we are in her doing this. I was at the Newberry Library in Chicago yesterday and was able to find the book “Kabbalah” by Abraham Baer Gottlober. It of course is in Russian Yiddish, I think. It was written in 1869. The librarian could read Russian, but not Hebrew and not Yiddish. It is a reminder of how important it is to keep the language alive and to get these books translated. Thanks for your help. Jeff Goodlove





--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] On This Day in America by John Wagman.

[2]

[3] That Dark and Bloody River by Allan W. Eckert, xviii

[4] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[5] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[6] http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html

[7] Ancestry.com

[8] Descendants of Elias Gutleben, Alice Email, May 2010.

[9] Captain Molitor, Enemy Views, Bruce Burgoyne pgs. 55-56.

[10] Bardeleben: Enemy Views, Bruce Burgoyne pg 147

[11] Rueffer: Enemy Views, Bruce Burgoyne pg 149.

[12] http://doclindsay.com/spread_sheets/2_davids_spreadsheet.html

[13] The Brothers Crawford, Allen w. Scholl, 1995

[14] The Lyman Draper Papers 2S 242-246, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. The Brothers Crawford, Scholl, 1995, pg 25-26

[15] That Dark and Bloodly River, Allan W. Eckert



[16] Reenactor dressed for the “225th Anniversary of the Battle of Olentangy, at the William and Hannah Crawford Schools, June 9-10, 2007. Photo by Gerol Goodlovel.

[17] Crawford now ordered Rose to take 24 light horse north in search of the elusive enemy. The scouts rode north on the Inidan road and soon approached a woods that straddled the road. Within hours fighting would be focused upon the possession of this wooded “vantage ground.” It would latter be called “Battle Island.”

(The Sandusky Expedition, May-June 1782, by Parker B. Brown, 1988.)

[18] As a precaution, Rose’s troops hid their baggage near the road in these woods along with provisions.

(The Sandusky Expedition, May-June 1782, by Parker B. Brown, 1988.)

[19] Following the road three more miles, they were then almost snared in a well-laid ambush. The place was on the outskirts of McCormick’s Town, an Inidan settlement that included a British trading post. Rose glimpsed the “roofs of 3 houses” just as Indians began to fire from cover.

(The Sandusky Expedition, May-June 1782, by Parker B. Brown, 1988.)

[20] The town was on the highter ground on the western river valley bank overlooking the river now spanned by Parker’s Covered Bridge. The Indian lines extended east and west of the road in a wide “V.” The right wingran southward from the town through woods along a stream later naqmed “Crane Town Run” because of a later Indian town established in the vicinity. A couple draws today still run into the river from the west just north of the covered bridge. Bothy are deep and in them Indians concealed their numbers and waited in ambush. The road the scouts followed can no longter be seen. It came over several rises (or “eminences” as Rose refvers to them) past some marshes. As the road reached the edge of McCormick’s farm house occupied by Frank Walton, joining the present Kilbourne Road there as it goes north today. Three miles due north lay the army’s objective: the Wyandot Half King’s New Town at the juncture of the Sandusky Rover and the Big Tymochtee Creek.

(The Sandusky Expedition, May-June 1782, by Parker B. Brown, 1988.)

[21] When Major Rose first glimpsed the roofs of three cabins, he also became aware of “a party of Indians upon my right along the edge of a wood, and a large Body trying with the utmost velocity to gain my Rear.” The ambush having failed to snare the scouts, the enemy in considerable numbers was now shifting to the east in a flanking maneuver aimed at cutting the scouts off from their army.

[22] Rose at once dispatched two couriers south to warn the army. He also sent a party of scouts to protect the provisions and baggage left behind. The remaining scouts he stationed on a series of low knolls or “eminences” to fire upon and delay an advancing line of Indians now in sight. As these warriors approached, Rose and his sentinels retreated by stages along the road. It was an orderly withdrawal and time-consuming which, no doubt, was Rose’s aim to give the army more time to come in support. After several miles, however, as the woods hiding the supplies appeared behind him, Rose saw the “main body” of Indians beginning to outflank his scouts.

A race for the woods between scouts and Indians now ensued. Anxiously Rose noted that Captain William Leet and some scouts previously left alon the road during the advance had not remained where stationed. They had gathered and returned to the woods and so could offer no immediate help in slowing the larger enemy force to the east. Rose and others on the road therefore had to hurry to rejoin the scouts at the northern edge of the woods as almost 50 Indian “naked & painted” openly emerged on the plains.

(The Sandusky Expedition, May-June 1782, by Parker B. Brown, 1988.)

[23] Rose had cause to be anxious. His scouts were outnumbered, and Indians were already in the skirt of timber that extended eastward from the wooded island from which the Americans were firing. As the army’s forward units rode up the island’s southern edge, the fighting escalated in and about the timber extension. Support arrived just in time.

One today must use his or her imagination to relate the fighting to the present terrain. The “eminence”covered then by an island of woods is now a slight rise of ground northwest of the Battle Island Monument. The “leg” of light timber or “fringe of woods” extended eastward beyond the present State Highway 67 at and/or immediately north of the Monument. At the same time, on slightly eleveated ground, woods extended westward from the Sandusky River. Between the eastern end of the leg or fringe of trees on the one side and the western side of the river-woods on the other lay a stretch of high grassy prairie 150 feet wide. (“Private John Clark reported in his federal pensiondeclaration that he and others “occupied astrip of timber on the west side of a small prairie & the Indians occupied the timberland on the East side of said Prairie about fifty yards from us…”)

(The Sandusky Expedition, May-June 1782, by Parker B. Brown, 1988.)

[24] Angus McCoy, a private in Bilderback’s Company, soon found himself pressed into the growing combat. “Finding that the Indians were concealed in the long grass, (Brigade Major) Daniel Leet mouinted his horse, and as he passed me looked me in the face [and] said follow me. …I took after Leet…and I suppose between fifteen and twenty after me. We routed [Indians] in groups out of the grass. …we passed at least one half the Indian line.”

[25] The “leg” of light timber became the center of the fighting until dark. The army’s right wign under John McClelland and the left wing under John Brenton rode up to the island woods in parallel columns and soon were fully engaged. Brenton’s force on the left became over-extended and lost some ground, but McClelland’s advanced into the fringe of light timber already penetrated by Indians and British rangers. Indians were also in the prairie south of the light timber in a flanking maneuver agaist Rose’s scouts. To remove this threat, the army’s adjutant, Daniel Leet, acted independently to bring part of McClelland’s division against the flanking enemy as described by McCoy. The action was successful. As darkness arrived, the Americans at last occupied the “small neck of woods,” the Indians and British rangers falling back to the woods bordering the river. Fifty yards of prairie now became a “no man’s land.” Whele some Indians were seen to return to their town for the night, others lighted fires in the prairie to prevent surprise sorties by the Americans. A lack of men prevented the American perimeter’s being covered for a quarter of a mile on the expeditions right (southern) flank.

(The Sandusky Expedition, May-June 1782, by Parker B. Brown, 1988.)

[26] Journal of a Volunteer Expedition to Sandusky, Baron Rosenthal, “John Rose”.

[27] Narrative by Dr. Knight

[28] Narrative of John Slover

[29] (The Sandusky Expedition, May-June 1782, by Parker B. Brown, 1988.)

[30] History of the County of Westmoreland, Pennsylvania, with Biographical Sketches of its many Pioneers and Prominent Men. Edited by George Dallas Albert. Philadephia: L.H. Everts & Company 1882





[31] (The Sandusky Expedition, May-June 1782, by Parker B. Brown, 1988.)



[32] History of Fayette County, Pennsylvania, by Franklin Ellis, 1882 pg. 492.

[33] Vol. -6, page 137. Vol. 4, page 38. Typescript Record of Marriages in Clark County 1816-1865, compiled under a DAR-WPA project. (MIcrofilm copy available through LDS). Volume and page numbers from Ancestors of Forrest Roger Garnett Page 112.47 Record Books provided by Mrs. G. W. (Sylvia Olson), 1268 Kenwood Ave., Springfield, OH 45505, June 28, 1979.

[34] http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=mp648&id=I9416

[35] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove

[36] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/supreme-court-defends-womens-voting-rights

[37] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/supreme-court-defends-womens-voting-rights

• [38] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1763.



• [39] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1771.



• [40] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1771.

[41] [35] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1771.

[42] [36] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1779.