This Day in Goodlove History, August 24, 2014
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Jeffery Lee Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), Jefferson, LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, and including ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Adams, John Quincy Adams and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Martin Van Buren, Teddy Roosevelt, U.S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison “The Signer”, Benjamin Harrison, Jimmy Carter, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, William Taft, John Tyler (10th President), James Polk (11th President)Zachary Taylor, and Abraham Lincoln.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://wwwfamilytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
Birthdays on August 24...
Lloyd R. Armstrong (brother in law of the 1st cousin 2x removed)
Nancy V. Aylesworth Squire (2nd great grandmother)
Nancy Godlove Slonaker
Karen A. Kirkpatrick Warren (5th cousin)
Mary LeFevre Deshler (2nd great grandaunt of the wife of the 1st cousin 3x removed)
Shaw B. McClain (7th cousin 4x removed)
Arminda A. Smith Rowell (5th cousin 6x removed)
Lucinda C. Smith Wright (5th cousin 6x removed)
Ida M. Stevenson Lockhart (3rd cousin 4x removed)
August 24, 410 A.D.: The Roman Empire falls. Rome is invaded. They are the Visigoths. For the first time in 800 years the Eternal city is under siege. For three days Rome is ravaged. Archetectual marvels that stood for centuries are burned to the ground. At the head of the charge is Alerec who once fought on the Romans behalf along its Northern frontier. When he was passed over for a promotion Alerec turned from friend to foe. [1] Rome falls to Germanic tribes called Visigoths. [1] The Visigoths under Alaric begin to pillage Rome for three days. According to tradition, the treasures of the Temples taken by the Romans in 70 now fell into his hands. The Visigoths would move and by the start of the 8th century they had converted to Christianity and established a kingdom on the Iberian peninsula which was “hostile” to its Jewish inhabitants. In 711, Berbers would defeat the Visigoths marking the start of what would be the Golden Ave in Spain for the Jewish people.[2] Alerec died of fever shortly after his historic sacking of Rome. [3]
With Constantine diverting resources to Constantinople, Christianized and Greek-speaking Byzantium thrived, while the western empire fell into steady decline. Rome collapsed in the fifth century as barbarian Huns, Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Vandals, Franks, and Burgundians carved up the Italian provinces into minor fiefdoms.[4]
August 24, 1179: Crusaders are hard at work building a castle at a site called Vadum Jacob. Saladin attacks before the Europeans can finish their work. The Muslim army breaks into the castle, defended by about 1500 men. The crusaders are killed. There bodies are dumped into a mass grave.[5]
Cities with Jewish Populations
August 24, 1349: MAYENCE AND BRESLAU (Germany)
After a mob marched into the Jewish quarter of Mayence carrying a flag with a cross, three hundred young Jews tried to defend themselves. Although as many as 200 of the attackers were killed, they soon overcame the defenders. Rather then be converted, the Jews set their houses on fire. 6,000 Jews died and another 4,000 died in Breslau. [6]
The council initially resisted granting James the funds—even with royal support from the powerful Earls of Mar and Atholl—it eventually gave in to the king’s wishes. Although it seemed that an all-out attack on the Gaels of the north was not the king's intention, James had resolved to use a degree of force to strengthen royal authority.[65] He told the assembly:[66]
“
I shall go and see whether they have fulfilled the required service; I shall go I say and I will not return while they default. I will chain them so that they are unable to stand and lie beneath my feet.
”
The leaders of the Gaelic kindreds in the north and west were summoned by James ostensibly to a sitting of parliament in Inverness. Of those assembled the king arrested around 50 of them includingAlexander, the third Lord of the Isles and his mother, Mary, Countess of Ross around August 24.[67] A few were executed but the remainder, with the exception of Alexander and his mother, quickly released. During Alexander’s captivity James attempted to split Clann Dòmhnall—Alexander's uncle John Mór was approached by an agent of the king to take the clan leadership but his refusal to have any dealings with the king while his nephew was held prisoner led to John Mór's attempted arrest and death.[68]
http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf14/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png
Seal of Alexander, Earl of Ross and Lord of the Isles.
The king's need for allies in the west and north led him to soften his approach towards the Lord of the Isles and, hoping that Alexander would now become a loyal servant of the crown, he was given his freedom. Alexander, probably under pressure from his close kinsmen Donald Balloch, John Mór's son, and Alasdair Carrach of Lochaber, led a rebellion attacking the castle and burgh of Inverness in spring 1429.[69] The crisis deepened when a fleet from the Lordship was dispatched to bring James the Fat back from Ulster 'to convey him home that he might be king'. With James’s intention to form an alliance with the Ulster O'Donnells of Tyreconnell against the MacDonalds, the English became distrustful of the Scottish king’s motives and they themselves tried to bring James the Fat to England.[70] Before he could become an active player, James the Fat died suddenly releasing James to prepare for decisive action against the Lordship.[71] [7]
.August 24, 1467: Richard was created Earl Rivers in 1466, appointed Lord Treasurer in March 1466 and Constable of England on August 24, 1467. The power of this new family was very distasteful to the old baronial party, and especially so to the Earl of Warwick. Rivers was regarded as a social upstart, and in an ironical episode, his future son-in-law in 1459, while accepting his submission, had rebuked him for daring, given his lowly birth, to fight against the House of York. The Privy Council, in its horrified response to the King's marriage, said bluntly that her father's low social standing in itself meant that the King must surely know "that Elizabeth was not the wife for him". Early in 1468, the Rivers estates were plundered by Warwick's partisans, and the open war of the following year was aimed at destroying the Woodvilles. [8]
August 24, 1467: John Kennedy, 2nd Lord Kennedy was born before October 12, 1454.2 He was the son of Gilbert Kennedy of Dunure, 1st Lord Kennedy and Catherine Maxwell.2 He married, firstly, Elizabeth Montgomerie, daughter of Alexander Montgomerie, 1st Lord Montgomerie and Margaret Boyd, before March 25, 1460.2 He married, secondly, Lady Elizabeth Gordon, daughter of Alexander Gordon, 1st Earl of Huntly and Elizabeth Crichton, between August 24, 1467 and August 12, 1471.2 He married, thirdly, Elizabeth Kennedy after 1500.2 He died between July 24, 1508 and May 13, 1509.2
He succeeded to the title of 2nd Lord Kennedy [S., 1458] circa 1480.2 He was a Commissioner to treat with the English in 1484.2 He was invested as a Privy Counsellor (P.C.) [Scotland] to King James III.2[9]
August 24, 1482: Gloucester witnessed the treaty with James, Duke of Albany, brother of the Scottish king.[16] Northumberland, Stanley, Dorset, Sir Edward Woodvillle, and Gloucester with approximately 20,000 men took the town of Berwick almost immediately. The castle held until August 24,1482 when Richard recaptured Berwick-upon-Tweed from the Kingdom of Scotland. Although it is debatable whether the English victory was due more to internal Scottish divisions rather than any outstanding military prowess by Gloucester,[32] it was the last time that the Royal Burgh changed hands between the two realms.[33]
Accession
http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.22wmf1/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png
Penny of Richard III
[10]
Suffolk supported Henry's ecclesiastical policy, receiving a large share of the lands after the dissolution of the monasteries. In 1544, he was for the second time in command of an English army for the invasion of France. He died at Guildford, Surrey, on August 24, in the following year. At Henry VIII's expense he was buried at Windsor in St George's Chapel.
Marriage to Mary Tudor
Suffolk took part in the jousts which celebrated the marriage of Mary Tudor, Henry's sister, with Louis XII of France. He was accredited to negotiate various matters with Louis, and on Louis' death was sent to congratulate the new King, Francis I, and to negotiate Mary's return to England.
Love between Suffolk and the young Dowager Queen Mary had existed before her marriage, and Francis roundly charged him with an intention to marry her. Francis, perhaps in the hope of Queen Claude's death, had himself been one of her suitors in the first week of her widowhood, and Mary asserted that she had given him her confidence to avoid his importunities.[11]
August 24, 1542: – Battle of Haddon Rig. Scotland defeats England. [12]
August 24, 1572: On every front the Catholic Church tried to stem the sweep of Protestantism, but to little avail. All of Scandinavia, England, Scotland, northern Germany, Holland were lost. The revolt spread to France. There is no massacre of Jews in all the medieval centuries to equal the blood bath of St. Bartholomew’s Day (August 24, 1572), when the Catholics within twelve hours slew 30,000 Huguenots in their beds.[13]
The Huguenots were gathered for one of their chief’s weddings when they were killed by the Catholics. More massacres followed until the Pope and Catherine de Medici, mother of King Charles IX, declared the Huguenots religion finished. [14]
Catherine de Medici, mother of three kings
Catherine de Medici
Catherine de Medici mothered three French kings.
CREDIT: Public domain
The mother of three French kings, Catherine de Medici didn't get off to a great start. An Italian married off to a French prince in love with another woman, de Medici "was at first this very marginalized person who could have been removed at any moment," Pavlac said.
But 10 years after her marriage began, she started producing heirs. When de Medici's husband, King Henry II, died, one of their sons became king at the age of 15, only to die a year later. That brought de Medici's 10-year-old son Charles IX to the throne and promoted de Medici to regent.
Catherine de Medici ruled over a France divided by civil and religious warfare. She was no political genius, Pavlac said, but "she did what she could to hold things together for her and her children."
In 1572, the Catholic Charles IX took a genocidal step, ordering Paris' city gates closed and thousands of visiting Protestants killed. Blame for the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, as it became known, fell into the queen mother's lap, cementing her reputation as treacherous and scheming. Nonetheless, she remained a powerful advisor to the next king, her third son Henry III.
"She was at least brighter than her sons," Pavlac said. "They made a lot of bad decisions."[15]
August 24, 1572: The infamous and horrible massacre of Saint Bartholomew is perpetrated at Paris. Coligny, assassinated under the eye, and by the direction, of the Duke of Guise^ was the first victim of this dreadful night."* [16][17]
The scenes of murder at Paris, extended from the 24th to the 26th August. More than four thousand persons lost their lives there.
At the first, Charles ÏX, alarmed by the atrocity of the outrage, wished to cast all the obloquy upon the Guises, and it was with this view that he wrote, on 24th August, to La Mothe Fénélon, at London ;
but on the morrow he sent to him, in all haste, an order to keep silence as to the contents of the dispatch which he had addressed to him on the previous evening, and to wait for fresh instructions on the
subject.f [18][19]
On August 24, 1572: The Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre began in Paris. Several thousand Protestants who had come to Paris for Henry's wedding were killed, as well as thousands more throughout the country in the days that followed. Henry narrowly escaped death thanks to the help of his wife and his promise to convert to Catholicism. He was made to live at the court of France, but he escaped in early 1576. [20]
August 24, 1609 The Bishop took from the assembled chiefs a very strict bond for the observance of these. This land moreover containq1 a sort of confession of faith on the part of the subscribers, and an acknowledgment of the King's supreme authority in spiritual as well as te1nporal matters according to his ' most loveable act of supremacy." McKynnon at this same date, witnesses along with Ewin McKynnon his father's brother, a bond of friendship between Donald Gorme of Sleat, and Rorry MacLeod of Harris.
It is a fact which may appear startling to many, but it is not the less evident on that account, that the first traces of that overflowing loyalty to the house of Stuart, for which the Highlanders have been so justly lauded, are to be found in that generation of their chiefs whose education \vas conducted on the High Church and State principles of the British Solomon. There is no room to doubt that the chiefs who followed Montrose in the great civil war, were actuated by a very different spirit from their fathers; and it is well worthy of notice, that this difference was produced in the course of a single generation, by the operation of measures which first began to take effect after A.D.1609. [21]
Winter of 1609-1610
The Winter of 1609-1610 was known as the starving time. It comes after the Indians discover that John Smith has returned to England. John Smith was the one British colonist that the Indians feared and respected. The Indians quickly realize that they can act against the colonist without any fear of repurcusions. Chief Powatan decides that instead of a frontal attack on the colony, he was simply going to starve the colonists out.
1610: ALEXANDER20 CRAWFORD (MALCOLM19, HUGH18, LAWRENCE17, ROBERT16, MALCOLM15, MALCOLM14, ROGER13, REGINALD12, JOHN, JOHN, REGINALD DE CRAWFORD, HUGH OR JOHN, GALFRIDUS, JOHN, REGINALD5, REGINALD4, DOMINCUS3 CRAWFORD, REGINALD2, ALAN1). He married UFN CRITCHTON.
Notes for ALEXANDER CRAWFORD:
Alexander, being the younger son of Malcolm, did not inherit lands like his older brother, John. Sometime after Kilbirnie was broken in to and his father's death in 1595, he removed along with many friends and relatives to the County of Donegal in northern Ireland, a part of "The Colonization of Ulster", in 1610. He became the owner of a ship, trading goods between Ireland and Scotland. It is uncertain whether he came with his uncle, Sir John Cunningham and his cousins, or whether he followed later establishing his shipping trade when he found family and friends in Donegal. It is believed that the grant of lands in Donegal (known as the Portlough Patent) was organized by the Duke of Lennox, Ludovic Stuart, who was held in great esteem by King James VI or I of England. Stuart was related in many ways to the Crawfords by blood or marriage
Children of ALEXANDER CRAWFORD and UFN CRITCHTON are:
i. ALEXANDER21 CRAWFORD.
Notes for ALEXANDER CRAWFORD:
Attended the funeral of the second Viscount Montgomery of Ardes in 1663. [22]
August 24th, 1616: Sir Lauchlan r-McKynnon of Strathordell, Knight, Sir Rorie MacLeod of Dunvegan, Donald Captain of the Clan Ranald, and Lauchlan MacLean of Coll entered into a mutual bond of friendship at Glasgow. [23]
AD 1617 - John Traske, an early “Seventh Day Man,” is arrested in London.[24]
August 24, 1767: Joseph Wyatt (b. August 24, 1767).[25]
August 24, 1773; Three Scotchmen called of land in Carolina, The above persons prosecuted their journey towards Carolina in pusuit of this Scheme, proposing also to view the lands on the Ohio and see mine. (By cash sent by Gilbert Simpson to Capt. Crawford to pay ye assessment of my land in Youghioghany L 11-15-Pensa.) There before they returned with their report to Scotland. I rid to the Ferry. Doeg Run and Mill plantations.[26]
In 1773, Lord Dunmore, then Governor of Virginia, paid a visit to Crawford at his house upon the Youghiogheny, the occasion being turned to profitable account by both parties: by the Earl, in getting reliable information of desirable lands ; by Crawford, in obtaining promises for patents for such as he had sought out and surveyed. The next “Lord’s War,” a conflict between the Virginians on the one side, and the Shawanese and Mingoes, principally, on the other. In this contest Crawford was a prominent actor;—first as captain of a Company in a scouting expedition, building, subsequently, a fort at the present site of Wheeling; afterward as major in command of troops belonging to the division of the army which deseended the Ohio to the mouth of hocking river, in what is now the State of Ohio. The only fighting done in the Indian country after the bloody battle of Point Pleasant on the tenth of October, was by a detachment under Crawford, in what is now Franklin county, Ohio, where he surprised and destroyed two Mingo villages, securing some prisoners as well as a considerable amount of plunder, and rescuing two white captives[27].
The interest taken by Crawford in this war operated greatly to prejudice his Pennsylvania friends against him; for among them the conflict had been an exceedingly unpopular one. Crawford, who, at first had sided with Pennsylvania in the boundary controversy subsisting between it and Virginia, now, took part with the latter; so he was ousted from all offices held by him under authority of the former province. [28]
“August 24, 1776: A hot day. The rebels approached twice, fired howitzers and used grape and ball, so that all our artillery had come up. At noon I slept a little, and was waked by two cannon-balls which covered me with earth. The rebels have some very good marksmen, but some of them have wretched guns, and most of them shoot crooked. But they are clever at hunters wiles. They climb trees, they crawl forward on their bellies for one hundred and fifty paces, shoot, and go as quickly back again. They make themselves shelters of boughs, etc. But today they are much put out by our green coats,[29] for we don’t let our fellows fire unless they can get good aim at a man, so that they dare not undertake anything more against us. [30]
August 24, 1776: The Hessian Yagers had a little rest on the 24th and 25th, but were again attacked on the morning of the next day and after resisting it, when Cornwallis wanted to withdraw them, Donop begged to be allowed
to stay and to entrench his position.[31]
August 24th, 1777
On the thirtieth they (the British) reached the capes of Delaware Bay. Here learning the obstructions that had been placed in the river, they set sail for Chesapeake Bay, which they entered about the middle of August, on the twenty-fourth of which month they effected a landing at Turkey’s Point, near the head of Elk (now Elkton.)[32]
August 24, 1777
On the twenty-fourth of August, Washington marched through Philadelphia, passing down Front street, and up Chestnut Street, about seven in the morning, and proceeded without delay to Chester.
From this time Washington was incessantly engaged in thoroughly reconnoitering the country between Philadelphia and the Chesapeake.[33]
Washington watches Howe
Independence Hall Association
Washington Watches Howe
August 1777
In August, 1777, with about two hundred of his new levies, Crawford joined the main army under Washington, who was then near Philadelphia He rendered efficient service in the preliminary movements which resulted in the battle of BrandyWine, and in that contest not only took an active and prominent part, but came near being captured. He was also, it seems, in the battle of Germantown[34]. Just before this, General Joseph Reed wrote Washington that he had Colonel Crawford with him, “a very good officer.”[35]
http://www.ushistory.org/march/phila/elk_3.htm
1777 Linsing’s First Grenadier Battalion participated in the landing at the head of the Elk River that led to the battles of Brandywine and Germantown and the occupation of Philadelphia. [36]
August 24, 1781: Lochry's Defeat - August 24, 1781.[37]
August 24, 1814.
The British commanded by General Robert Ross rout an American force of General Windor, at the Battle of Bladensburg, just 6 miles from Washington, during the War of 1812.[38] It will be one of the most embarrassing military conflicts of the entire war. [39] It would go down as one of the blackest days in American history. It began with a humiliating defeat at Bladensburg, Maryland, and ended with the destruction of the nation’s capital.[40] The British capture Washington, D.C., setting fire to several buildings, including the Capital and the White House, during the War of 1812.[41]
The Hegira
From Virginia to Ohio
The campaigns of St. Claire and Harrison ( a Virginian) in the Northwest territory during the war of 1812 had brought back an intimate knowledge of that country to every section of Virginia, and fear of the Indians had been reduced to a negative quantity by the terrible drubbing St. Claire had given them at Vincennes. Every family in western Virginia were talking about the fertile valleys of Ohio and the beautiful prairies of Indiana, and certainly half of them resolved to go to that new country. People inured to the frontier life are always the first to move on when the community begins to fill up with settlers. They want elbow room. Newly wedded farmer folks can get a start easier in a new country where land is cheap, so the younger half of the Spaid family resolved to go to Ohio. What induced the aged parents (both were then sixty years old) to go with these children we cannot tell, for they had a good farm, a large house, and three of their children were married and lived in the community. The four Spaid families (William married in a year or two) established their homes at the junction of the Seneca and Buffalo forks of Wills creek. They owned four farms in a row; Mary Hellyer's was the easternmost; then Elizabeth Secrest's; then Michael Spaid's; and William's farm adjoined Michael's on the west. We had forgotten to say that Elizabeth had married Henry Secrest, Mary married George Hellyer, and Christina married Captain James Anderson, before this migration to Ohio. A few years after coming to Ohio, Nancy, the youngest daughter married William Frye and they located up the Buffalo fork about three miles from the brothers and sisters. It seems that the parents did not locate on a farm themselves but lived in a log hut on Michael's farm.
Luther Spaid says his grandfather bought all this land and gave each child a farm. Each family lived in a log house in the woods, and all of them had to work like the mischief to clear out fields to raise gardens and crops. The oak timber was the best in the world, and to split enough rails to fence in their "clearings" was not so big a task. Game was plentiful at that time, and the streams were full of fish. [42]
August 24, 1814
In 1814, after two years of inconclusive fighting, Great Britain aimed to score a knockout blow against the upstart United States. By now the British were on the verge of defeating Napolean Bonaparte’s France. Caught up in the death struggle between these two powerful empires, the United States had, in 1812, come to blows with Britain over neutrality rights on the high seas. Preoccupied with the war in Europe throughout 1812 and 1813, Britain mounted a halfhearted campaign in America.
August 24, 1814: But now, in 1814, imminent victory in Europe allowed Britain to send a vast naval armada and army westward to deal with the contentious, out gunned Americans. The British planned a three pronged offensive, one out of Canada armed at Lake Champlain and the Hudson Valley, one in the Chesapeake states, and the Hudson Valley, one in the Chesapeake states aimed a t Baltimore and Washington D.C,. and the third aimed at the coastal South.
The northern prong failed in the face of American naval strength on the waters of upstate New York. The Chesapeake prong initially succeeded, the British defeating a force of pitifully led and trained American militia forces at the August 24, 1814, Battle of Bladensburg. Unopposed, the Redcoats strolled into Washington and burned the tiny capital city to the ground.[43] Dolly Madison refused to leave the White House until she removes George Washington’s Portrait painted by Gilbert Stuart.[44]
August 14, 1816 - Ottawa, Ojibwa, and Potawatomi
and Auguste Chouteau for the United States and representatives of the Council of Three Fires[45] (united tribes of Ottawa, Ojibwa, and Potawatomi) residing on the Illinois and Milwaukee rivers, signed on August 24, 1816 and proclaimed on December 30, 1816. Despite the name, the treaty was conducted at Portage des Sioux, Missouri, located immediately north of St. Louis, Missouri.
By signing the treaty, the tribes, their chiefs, and their warriors relinquished all right, claim, and title to land previously ceded to the United States by the Sac and Fox tribes on November 3, 1804. By signing, the united tribes also ceded a 20 mile strip of land to the United States, which connected Chicago and Lake Michigan with the Illinois River. In 1848, the Illinois and Michigan Canal was built on the ceded land and, in 1900, the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal.
The specific land given up included:
The said chiefs and warriors, for themselves and the tribes they represent, agree to relinquish, and hereby do relinquish, to the United States, all their right, claim, and title, to all the land contained in the before-mentioned cession of the Sacs and Foxes, which lies south of a due west line from the southern extremity of Lake Michigan to the Mississippi river. And they moreover cede to the United States all the land contained within the following bounds, to wit: beginning on the left bank of the Fox river of Illinois, ten miles above the mouth of said Fox river; thence running so as to cross Sandy creek, ten miles above its mouth; thence, in a direct line, to a point ten miles north of the west end of the Portage, between Chicago creek, which empties into Lake Michigan, and the river Depleines, a fork of the Illinois; thence, in a direct line, to a point on Lake Michigan, ten miles northward of the mouth of Chicago creek; thence, along the lake, to a point ten miles southward of the mouth of the said Chicago creek; thence, in a direct line, to a point on the Kankakee, ten miles above its mouth; thence, with the said Kankakee and the Illinois river, to the mouth of Fox river, and thence to the beginning: Provided, nevertheless, That the said tribes shall be permitted to hunt and fish within the limits of the land hereby relinquished and ceded, so long as it may continue to be the property of the United States.
In exchange the tribes were to be paid $1,000 in merchandise over 12 years.[3] The land was surveyed by John C. Sullivan and its land was originally intended as land grant rewards for volunteers in the War of 1812. Many of the streets in the survey run at a diagonal that is counter to the Chicago street grid.
Today, Indian Boundary Park in West Ridge, Chicago commemorates this Treaty.[46]
Indian Boundary Park
Indian Boundary Park
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. Historic district
Chicago Landmark
Description: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Indian_Boundary_Park_Fieldhouse.jpg/250px-Indian_Boundary_Park_Fieldhouse.jpg
Indian Boundary Park Fieldhouse
Description: Indian Boundary Park is located in Illinois
Description: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png
Location:
2500 W. Lunt, Chicago, Illinois
Coordinates:
Description: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/WMA_button2b.png/17px-WMA_button2b.png42°0′34″N 87°41′36″W / 42.00944°N 87.69333°W / 42.00944; -87.69333Coordinates: Description: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/WMA_button2b.png/17px-WMA_button2b.png42°0′34″N 87°41′36″W / 42.00944°N 87.69333°W / 42.00944; -87.69333
Area:
13 acres (5.3 ha)
Architect:
Glode, Richard F.; Hatzfeld, Clarence
Architectural style:
Tudor Revival
Governing body:
Local
MPS:
Chicago Park District MPS
NRHP Reference#:
95000485[1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHP:
April 20, 1995
Designated CL:
May 11, 2005
Indian Boundary Park is a thirteen-acre park in the West Ridge neighborhood of Chicago that opened in 1922.[2] It is named after a boundary line that was determined in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis between the Odawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes and the United States government. The line ran through the present park.[3]
Indian Boundary Park is known for its small zoo, which is one of two zoos within the Chicago city limits.[2] The zoo began with a single American black bear; it now primarily houses farm animals, such as goats, sheep, ducks, and chickens.[4] Indian Boundary Park is also noted for its fieldhouse, which was completed in 1929. The design of the fieldhouse incorporates Native American and Tudor elements. In 1989, a large playground was added to the park and assembled with the help of neighborhood residents.[2]
The park was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995,[5] and the fieldhouse was named a Chicago Landmark in 2005.[6][47]
August 24, 1832: Nancy Godlove, born August 24, 1832. She married Joseph Sloanaker. [48]
August 24, 1837: H. Smith12 [Gideon Smith11 , Gabriel Smith10, John “LR” Smith9, Ambrose J. Smith8, Christopher Smith7, Christopher Smith6, Thomas Smythe5, Thomas Smythe4, John Smythe3, Richard2, William1] (b. July 31, 1819 in SC / d. abt. 1900 in Union Co. GA) married John Dedman Cavender (b. February 12, 1815 in GA / d. April 22, 1908 in Union Co. GA), the son of Clemith Cavender and Rachel Rebecca Dedman, on August 24, 1837 in Union Co. GA. [49]
August 24, 1838: Lucinda Caroline Smith (b. August 24, 1838 in GA / d. bfr. 1900)
+ . . Arminda Adaline Smith (b. August 24, 1838 in GA / d. August 30, 1901 in GA)[50]
August 24, 1852: At the end of his second term Joseph Vance (compilers 2nd cousin, 7 times removed) retired to his farm in Urbana. Although he did not hold regular office again, he served as a delegate to the national Whig convention in Philadelphia in 1848 and as a representative of his district to the Ohio Constitutional Convention of 1850-1851. He took a leading part in the debates and was chairman of the committee on public institutions. On his way home from attending sessions of the convention in Cincinnati in December 1850, he suffered a stroke of paralysis and was forced to give up his duties. He died at his home near Urbana on August 24, 1852.[51]
August 24, 1857
The New York branch of the Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Comp[any fails, beginning a national financial panic.[52]
August 24, 1861: Godlove, Benjamin J. Age 21. Residence Yatton, nativity Ohio. Enlisted August 24, 1861. Mustered September 6, 1861. Wounded severely in leg January 8, 1862, near Charlestown, Mo. Wounded severely in left foot May 16, 1863, Champion Hills, Miss. Transferred to Invalid Corps, February 15, 1864. No further record.[53]
Wed. August 24, 1864
Received a letter from A.R. Hodgkin[54]
Some little fighting today
(William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary)[55]
August 24, 1866: Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (German: Franz Joseph I., Hungarian: I. Ferenc József, August 18, 1830 – November 21, 1916) was Emperor of Austria and Apostolic King of Hungary from 1848 until his death in 1916. From May 1, 1850 until August 24, 1866 he was President of the German Confederation.[1][56]
August 24, 1883: Charles Marcus Stephenson, born on August 25, 1880 in Chariton County, Missouri. Charles Marcus died in Dean Lake, Chariton County, Missouri on August 24, 1883; he was 2. Buried in Stephenson Cemetery, Dean Lake, Chariton County, Missouri. [57]
August 24, 1891: Shaw Brewster McClain (b. August 24, 1891 in GA / d. February 4, 1976).[58]
August 24, 1898: More about Thoms Nix
Thomas married A.M. Tidwell on August 24, 1898 in Residence of B.L. Tidwell.[59]
August 24, 1902: HARRISON, Benjamin b: February 08, 1815 in Rpss County, Ohio
d: August 24, 1902 in Madison County, Ohio
.... +REEVES, Martha Margaret b: October 30, 1815 in Range Township
Madison County, OH m: March 09, 1837
d: August 25, 1903 in Madison County, Ohio. [60]
August 24, 1911: MARTHA CRAWFORD, b. March 13, 1836, Haywood County, North Carolina; d. August 24, 1911, Haywood County, North Carolina; m. ISHAM B. EVENS, October 30, 1858, Haywood County, North Carolina.
Notes for MARTHA CRAWFORD:
Buried at MT Zion Cemetery, Franklin, NC [61]
August 24, 1927: On board Convoy 76, on June 30, 1944 was Simon Gottlibowicz, born August 24, 1927 from Sluxca.[62] Simon’s assembly point was Drancy, and his last known address was 6, rue Melingue, Paris 19.[63]
In 1945 there were 182 survivors. One hundred and fifteen of them were women.
Eastern Solomons
August 24, 1942
Battle of the Eastern Solomons
August 24, 1942
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"This was a horrible day."
Robert J. Matthews
1942 - The Eastern Solomons
http://www.cv6.org/images/solomon3.jpg
Read & Riley: The Combat Photographers' Legacy
One of the most famous images of the Pacific War - a bomb caught at the instant it exploded on the Big E's flight deck during the Eastern Solomons battle - has long been attributed to Photographer's Mate Second Class Robert Frederic Read. Read lost his life during the battle of August 24. 1942 and it is widely believed that his final photo was of the bomb that killed him.
While outwardly plausible, the story contradicts the historical record. Enterprise's action report forAugust 24,1942 indicates that four photographers were in action during the afternoon attack. Ralph Baker (PhoM 1/c) and Read both operated still cameras: Baker from a point forward of the island, Read from the aft starboard 5" gun gallery, at flight deck level. Marion Riley (PhoM 2/c) manned a motion picture camera from the aft end of the ship's island, above the flight deck. W. Edward Smith (PhoM 2/c) was stationed in the Air Plot, also in the ship's island.
Read, the action report states, photographed the enemy planes as they attacked and were shot down. The first bomb to strike the ship did not deter him, but the second bomb destroyed the gun platform were Read was stationed. Read was killed instantly by this bomb, along with 37 other men. The bomb exploding in the photo was the third to hit the ship, and was photographed from above the flight deck.
Torpedo Ten photographer Joe Houston recently contacted both Smith and Riley's son, Marion Riley III. Ed Smith indicated, and Mr. Riley confirmed, that the photo is Marion Riley's. Riley's camera was damaged by the explosion, but the film survived. A dramatic sequence of stills from the film was published in Life Magazine months after the battle.
Read's legacy is not diminished by this revelation. It appears that at least one of Read's photos survives to this day: that of an enemy plane burning on the sea while the Big E races by just yards away. The ship's rail, the curve of the hull, and the angle of the shot all indicate this photo was taken from the aft starboard quarter of the ship, where Read was stationed. More of Read's photos probably languish in the archives, waiting only for proper identification.
Like the gunners and other men above decks that terrible August afternoon, Read carried out his duties with determination in the face of a withering aerial onslaught. Fate alone determined that Read would die just moments before the creation of the image that symbolizes the courage of a combat photographer.
August 24, 1942: A Monday, twenty three Enterprise SBDs fanned out on 200 mile search legs, across a wide arc of ocean north of the Big E's Task Force 16. Hours of tedious searching uncovered no enemy force. Other reconnaissance flights, however, had more success. Around 1000, PBYs reported a carrier, a cruiser and destroyer escort some 200 miles northwest of the American force. The carrier was the light carrier Ryujo, escorted by the cruiser Tone, sent in advance of the main Japanese strike force to cover the transports approaching from Rabaul. Then, fighters from Saratoga intercepted and downed another enemy flying boat, this one only twenty miles from the task force. Early in the afternoon, another Saratoga airman brought down still another enemy scout, this one within visible range of the American ships.
There was no question now that the Japanese knew the location of the American carriers, but with the exception of Ryujo, the Americans could only guess the position of the Japanese. Shortly after 1300, twenty three fighters and dive bombers rumbled down Enterprise's flight deck, launched on 250 mile search legs north and west of the task force.
Another half hour passed with no contacts, other than the PBYs still shadowing Ryujo. Fletcher, after struggling to close the distance between Ryujo and his task forces, grudgingly ordered Saratoga to launch her strike. Just minutes after Saratoga's thirty dive bombers and seven torpedo planes had formed up and struck out towards Ryujo, Navy PBYs and Enterprise scouts unmasked the real threat. Some 200 miles north of Enterprise and Saratoga, Shokaku and Zuikaku were surging southward at 30 knots, preparing to strike a blow against the American carriers. With heavy static disrupting communications on both sides, and inexperienced American pilots cluttering the airwaves with chatter, the reports didn't immediately reach Fletcher.
When they did, he immediately attempted to redirect Saratoga's strike, even as they were lining up the attack which would put Ryujo under the waves by that evening. Every available fighter on both Saratoga and the Big E was gassed, armed and spotted, ready to take off at the first sign of an attack.
The sign came at 1632: on radar, many bogies, range 88 miles, bearing 320 degrees. Saratoga and Enterprise, sailing ten miles apart, turned southeast into the wind and launched their remaining fighters. Aft of Enterprise, matching her 27 knots, steamed the new 35,000 ton battleship North Carolina BB-55; at their flanks the cruisers Portland and Atlanta, with six destroyers in the screen. On all ships, guns were trained skyward, and eyes strained towards the northwest, where - still over the horizon - the enemy was approaching. Overhead circled four-plane fighter sections, fifty-four planes in all.
The first contact with the incoming enemy strike was made at 1655. At 18,000 feet, two miles above the Wildcats scrambling to intercept, were two formations of Japanese Val dive bombers. For almost twenty minutes, Wildcats, Zeros and Vals tangled high over the sea. Afterwards, Enterprise pilots could claim having downed 29 planes: a figure more remarkable because of the inexperience and lack of discipline of the American pilots at that time.
As the aerial battle raged, drifting steadily closer to Enterprise's task force, Enterprise launched her remaining eleven Dauntlesses and six TBFs, on an ultimately fruitless raid against the main Japanese force. The decision to launch the strike, however, suggested by air officer John Crommelin, probably saved Enterprise from a fate like that suffered by the Japanese carriers at Midway. The planes, fully fueled and armed, had been spotted in the same area where, in minutes, three bombs would tear through the Douglas fir planking of Enterprise's flight deck. Had the planes been parked there when the bombs hit, Enterprise likely would not have survived the day.
The last plane lifted off Enterprise's deck at 1708. Her gunners now stood ready to defend the ship. Yet even as Radar Plot reported "The enemy planes are now directly overhead!", task force lookouts could not spot the enemy planes. Worse, the ship's fire control directors failed to pick up the target, depriving the 5" guns the opportunity to fire on the enemy strike group before it could begin its attack. At 1712, as the first of the surviving 30 Val dive bombers nosed over at 20,000 feet, a puff of smoke attracted the attention of 1st Sergeant Joseph R. Schinka (USMC). Commanding the Big E's #4 20mm anti-aircraft battery, Schinka opened fire. Though the enemy planes were still beyond the reach of the 20mm batteries, the gun's tracers guided the fire of other guns. In moments, a thundering barrage of 20mm, 1.1" and 5" fire filled the sky over Enterprise's flight deck, as North Carolina, Portland, Atlanta and the destroyers all came to her defense.
In the clear blue, late afternoon sky, the bombers pitched into their dives, one every seven seconds: five, maybe six planes pressing their attack simultaneously, while others formed up behind them, or sped away low over the waves after releasing their bombs. For nearly two minutes, as Enterprise weaved and bobbed with surprising agility, the heavy anti-aircraft fire took its toll on the attacking planes, Enterprise's guns alone knocking down 15. High overhead, fighters from Saratoga and the Big E made passes at the planes as they prepared for their dives, sometimes even following the Vals during their descent. It wasn't enough. The first bomb to strike Enterprise pierced her flight deck just forward of the aft elevator, plunged through five decks and detonated.
The time was 1714. An elevator pump room team, ammunition handlers, and a damage control team stationed in the chief petty officers' quarters were wiped out by the blast. Thirty five men died instantly. As the explosion spread, it ripped six foot holes in the hull at the waterline: the ship quickly acquired a list to starboard as seawater poured in. The blast tore sixteen foot holes through the steel decks overhead, bulging the hangar deck upwards a full two feet, and rendering the aft elevator useless. The concussion whipped the warship - 800 feet and millions of pounds of wood and steel - stem to stern, first upwards, then side-to-side, hurling men off their feet, out of their chairs, across the gun tubs.
Trailing flames and smoke, a Japanese bomber screams over Enterprise's bridge during the Eastern Solomons battle.
Ship and crew had just thirty seconds to recover before the second bomb struck. Detonating on impact, just fifteen feet from where the first bomb had punched through the deck, it obliterated the aft starboard 5" gun gallery and its crew, the violence of the explosion amplified by the ignition of powder bags in the gun tub. Thirty eight men, ten of whom were never positively identified, died that moment. The guns of the aft starboard quarter fell silent, their crews dead or wounded; heavy black smoke poured from newly ignited fires.
Trailing smoke, taking on water, Enterprise drove forward at 27 knots. Below decks and across the flight deck, damage control teams scrambled to bring the fires and flooding under control, to pull survivors from the slippery and torn decks and compartments, to restore power and flush holds of explosive vapors. As the ship twisted away from under the continuing assault, her remaining guns resumed fire, rejoining the barrage thrown up by North Carolina and the other ships in the task force. For almost ninety long seconds the task force fought back against the aerial assault, protecting the precious flat deck at its center.[64]
1942 - The Eastern Solomons
Just two minutes after the first hit, a third bomb slammed into Enterprise's flight deck, just forward of the number 2 elevator. A smaller, 500 lb., bomb, this one was defective: still, it punched a ten foot hole through the flight deck, disabling the No. 2 elevator, killing and wounding more men.
Damage control teams battle fires and repair flight deck damage.
As the assault tailed off, Enterprise - on fire, listing, spilling black smoke over the water - kept her place in the task force. Within an hour, the damage control parties had brought the fires under control, patched over the hole blown in the flight deck by the third bomb, counterflooded to correct the ship's starboard list, and improvised plugs for the waterline holes with lumber and mattresses. While the Wildcats overhead harassed the departing Japanese bombers, Enterprise's returning scouts circled, waiting anxiously for an opportunity to land, some breaking off to lend the CAP a hand. Enterprise signaled the task force that she could continue unassisted, and as evening came on began recovering her planes, still making 24 knots despite her extensive injuries.
An hour before the Vals had begun their attack, the Japanese commander Chuichi Nagumo, assuming the sacrifice of Ryujo had drawn off the American planes, had launched a second strike. These planes now probed the Pacific, seeking the American ships. They were just appearing on task force radar when Enterprise lost steering control.
Below decks, the steering room had been effectively sealed off immediately after the first bomb hit, to prevent the small compartment and its crew of seven from being overwhelmed by thick smoke. Between the fires encircling the compartment, and the heat generated by the powerful electric steering motors inside, the temperature inside the compartment rose steadily, from 120 degrees to 150, and then to 170. Both men and machinery failed. Enterprise's rudder swung right, swung left, swung right again and 1850, jammed hard over.
While radar now showed the incoming strike at fifty miles, Enterprise narrowly missed slicing the destroyer Balch in two. Her four great bronze screws were thrown in reverse, pulling her speed down to ten knots, as a breakdown flag was run up her truck. The rudder was jammed so far over that not even going forward on the starboard screws and reversing the port could straighten her course. She circled helplessly, an easy target for bombers and submarines alike.
An anxious thirty-eight minutes passed while damage control teams and engineers fought their way into the steering compartment, first pulling to safety the men collapsed inside, and then starting the second of the two steering motors. On radar, the Japanese squadrons passed fifty miles south of the task force, reversed course to the northwest, and missed the ships entirely. With night coming on, Enterprise had survived to fight another day.
Bomb damage to the Big E's thin hull. Note wire mesh and bedding using to patch large hole, and wooden plugs in the smaller holes.
The Consequences
Despite the severe damage Enterprise received, the Eastern Solomons were an American victory, tactically and strategically. Yamamoto's Operation KA had cost the Japanese the light carrier Ryujo. Worse, 71 planes and their aircrews from Shokaku and Zuikaku had been lost - over a hundred experienced airmen that the Japanese would never be able to replace. In comparison, fewer than 20 planes were lost between Enterprise and Saratoga. The human cost on Enterprise, however, was grim. For 74 men the attack of the 24th marked the last 45 minutes of their lives, and 91 others were wounded.
[65]
Uncle Howard Snell was on board the USS Enterprise.
August 24, 1942: IIse Sitta Gottleib, born June 28, 1921 in Kassel
resided Borken I, Hessen. Deportation:1942, Auschwitz. Todesdaten:August 24,1942, Auschwitz[66]
August 24, 1944
French Units, followed by the U.S. Fourth Division forge ahead from the south into the Paris city center.
The Germans surrender.[67] On the night of August 24, 1944, as the Île de la Cité was taken by an advance column of French and Allied armoured troops and elements of the Resistance, it was the tolling of the Emmanuel that announced to the city that its liberation was under way. In early 2012, as part of a €2 million project, the four old bells in the north tower were deemed unsatisfactory and removed. The plan originally was to melt them down and recast new bells from the material. However, a legal challenge resulted in the bells being saved in extremis at the foundry.[9] As of early 2013, they are still merely set aside until their fate is decided. A set of 8 new bells was cast by the same foundry in Normandy that had cast the four in 1856. At the same time, a much larger bell called Marie was cast in the Netherlands—it now hangs with Emmanuel in the south tower. [68]
August 24, 1962 AMSPELL today creates an international incident by firing on a
beach front hotel in Miramar, Cuba, where Fidel Castro is thought to be present. Castro accuses
the U.S. of complicity in an attempt on his life. DRE funding is forthcoming from former
ambassador William Pawley, now a power in the CIA’s JM/WAVE station in Miami, and his
friend Clare Boothe Luce. [69]
August 24, 1963 Averell Harriman and Roger Hilsman, now Assistant Secretary
of State for the Far East, draft a secret cable to be signed by George Ball authorizing Henry Cabot
Lodge in Saigon to set the wheels in motion for a coup against Vietnam’s President Diem. JFK is
later astonished when McNamara, McCone and Taylor all loudly object to the sending of the
cable. RFK will recall that, after this weekend, Harriman seems to age ten years. [70]
August 24, 1964Nannie Lou Nix15 [James W. Nix14, James Nix13, John A. Nix12, Grace Louisa Francis Smith11, Gabriel Smith10, John “LR” Smith9, Ambrose J. Smith8, Christopher Smith7, Christopher Smith6, Thomas Smythe5, Thomas Smythe4, John Smythe3, Richard2, William1] (b. May 10, 1903 in Randolph Co. AL / d. June 30, 1989 in AL) married Udores White (b. November 8, 1906 / d. August 24, 1963 in Cullman Co. AL) on January 10, 1924. [71]
August 24, 1967: Jessie Pearl Goodlove(July 15, 1882-August 24, 1967) married Richard Allen "Dick" Bowdish, September 17, 1908, at the home of the bride’s parents. Richard died in 1967. They had a daughter, Mary Catherine, born October 13, 1915, and a son Albert, born May 1, 1918. Dick and Jessie lived on the home farm of her parents, which they bought in 1913, until their retirement to Colorado. They wanted to be near the home of their daughter and husband, Merrill Jordan (Bk. I, F-32). Albert married Pearl Engstrom and both were missionaries in India until retirement. They now live in Oklahoma (Bk. II, F-18).
It is interesting to note here that William’s son, Willis, married the granddaughter of Levi Brown Andrews who had also served in the Civil War. (Bk. IL, F-3). Also to note that George B. Aikin (Bk. II, F-I) had also served in the Civil War and to wonder if the paths of these three men had ever crossed or had they ever met during their enlistments. George B. Aikin and William FL. Goodlove were great grandfathers, respectively, of Winton Goodlove, and Levi B. Andrews was his great, great, grandfather.[72]
August 24, 2009:
205 Woodlown
Tahlequah OK 74464
August 24, 2009.
August 24, 2009
Dear Jeffery, Greetings, I know, all the enclosed is quite shocking, isn’t it? I don’t know if any of this would be of any use in a Goodlove family history, or not. Or if anyone has time to organize it. I am aware that I am the only person still alive who could give most of this information and details. You do no need to return any of it. I have numbered the pictures on the back so the description can be matched with the corresponding picture.
Most of the pictures of our ministry and life in India are on 2 by 2 slides (several hundred of them) but slides are now ancient history. (Who still has a slide projector?
You might have more accurate dates as to when William buiolt the home, and when he and Sarah left the farm and moved to Central City.
A month or so ago I sent to your parents a copy of pictures I took of them when they visited here. I added a notation- “Does anyone know these people? They were last seen in Tahlequah Oklahoma. If you have any information concerning them, contact Jeffery Goodlove at (E mail address)
Still no response.
Again, thank you for all the E mails of daily history,
Sincerely
Al Bowdish
==
August 24, 2009
Goodlove Homestead
As I am the last “Goodlove” to live in the homestead that Grandfather William Harrison
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] The Dark Ages, HISTI, 3/4/2007
[2] [1] Engineering an Empire, The Byzantines, HISTI, 2006.
[3] The Dark Ages, HISTI, 3/4/2007
[4] Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity and the DNA of the Chosen People, by Jon Entine. Page 127.
[5] Islam: History Society and Civilization, DISC, 2/20/2004
[6] http://www.jewishhistory.org.il/history.php?startyear=1340&endyear=1349
[7] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_I_of_Scotland
[8] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Woodville,_1st_Earl_Rivers
[9] http://www.thepeerage.com/p10928.htm#i109276
[10] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_III_of_England
[11] Wikipedia
[12] http://www.tudor-history.com/about-tudors/tudor-timeline/
[13] Jews, God and History by Max I. Dimont, 1962 pg. 230.
[14] History of Early LeFeveres by Mary Ellen (Miller) Boller, page 1, 1994
[15] http://www.livescience.com/14055-top-12-warrior-moms-history.html
[16] * The common opinion, that this massacre was the result of a
long premeditated conspiracy, was always adopted by the generality
of historians. Yet, in our times, some writers of great merit,
among others Dr. Lingard, have opposed the belief with conside-
rable power. The learned author of the History of England con-
tends that this bloody catastrophe arose unexpectedly out of the
then excited state of religious and political parties in France, and
that the design was not conceived until the eve of St. Bartholomew,
after the wound received by the Admiral.
For my own part, it appears to me that " the idea of getting rid of
the Huguenots was familiar to the populace" (as M. Capefigue says,
in his History of the Reformation), but that it was still more so to
Catherine of Médicis, and the heads of the Catholic party in
France, and that the attempt to assassinate the Admiral was not the
cause of the St. Bartholomew massacre, but the means chosen to
provoke the Protestants to some act of revenge, so as to justify the
slaughters which would be the unavoidable result. I believe more-
over that if the despatch of Salviati, of 24tli August 1572, were
carefully examined, proofs in support of my opinion would be found
therein.
[17] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[18] f See the letters from the king, of 24th and 25th August, in the
Correspondance de Fénélony vol. vii. pp. 323 and 325.
[19] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[20] Wikipedia
[21] M E M O I R S OF C LAN F I N G O N BY REV. DONALD D. MACKINNON, M.A. Circa 1888
[22] http://penningtons.tripod.com/jeptha.htm
[23] M E M O I R S OF C LAN F I N G O N BY REV. DONALD D. MACKINNON, M.A. Circa 1888
[24] http://www.freewebs.com/bubadutep75/
[25] Proposed Descendants of William Smith
[26] From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969, page 120.)
[27] Captives. When making raids on frontier settlements, Indians would commonly kill the men, older women, and infants. Infants were too much trouble to take care of. The men (and older boys) were often troublemakers and spent a lot of effort in attempting escape. The women beyond childbearing age were of little use. Many tribes, especially the Iroquois, adopted the young into their tribe in order to compensate for their losses in frontier wars. Although adoption was a real phenomenon, the more common purpose of taking prisoners was in ransom demands. Taking prisoners was profitable business.
An unintended consequence of taking white settlers as captives was the creation of a sizeable body of Indian language translators among the settler population.
http://www.thelittlelist.net/cadtocle.htm
[28] Washington Crawford Letters, by C. W. Butterfield
[29] The chasseurs wore green coats with crimson trimmings.
[30] Of Hessians. According to Bancroft these regiments crossed on the 25th.
[31] http://www.archive.org/stream/germanalliedtroo00eelkuoft/germanalliedtroo00eelkuoft_djvu.txt
[32] The Battle of Brandywine, by Joseph Townsend
[33] The Battle of Brandywine, by Joseph Townsend
[34]Col. William Crawford is listed as having served in the 5th Virginia Regiment, Feb.13, 1776 and the 7th later that year. His Campaigns included Germantown. October of 1777 found Washington and his Americans near Germantown, where he continued to worry the enemy. After a few weeks of rest, he moved in on the enemy troops in that locality. The beginning was successful when another fog gave way to another retreat.
(From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969, page 142)
[35] The Washington-Crawford Letters, by C. W. Butterfield
[36] JF
[37] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Kemp%27s_Landing
[38] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[39] First Invasion: The War of 1812, HISTI, September 12, 2004.
[40] First Invasion: The War of 1812 9/12/2004 HISTI
[41] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[42] http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~rosemarypro/spaid/beginning.htm
[43] Military History Magazine, May/June 2008 page 28.
[44] First Invasion: The War of 1812, HISTI, 9/12/2004
[45] Anishinabeg. "The Three Fires Confederacy." Collective name given to the Ottawa, Ojibway, and Potawatomi. They spoke an almost indistinguishable Algonquian tongue. The Anishinabeg intermarried and traded as a confederacy—although no common governing body kept them together like the Iroquois. As did the Lenape, the Anishinabeg referred to themselves as the "original people." They were pro-French during the French & Indian War and then pro-British during our Revolution.
[46] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_St._Louis
1. [47] ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2009-03-13. http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/natreg/docs/All_Data.html.
2. ^ a b c Alice Sinkevitch, et al. AIA Guide to Chicago. American Institute of Architects. 2004. 248.
3. ^ Jacque E. Day and Jamie Wirsbinski Santoro. West Ridge. Arcadia. 2008. 7.
4. ^ Indian Boundary Park & Cultural Center. Chicago Park District. Retrieved on December 15, 2009.
5. ^ National Register of Historic Places in Cook County, Illinois. NRHP. Retrieved on December 15, 2009.
6. ^ Indian Boundary Park Fieldhouse. City of Chicago. Retrieved on December 15, 2009.l
[48]http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/d/i/d/Jan-C-Didawick-Berkeley-Springs/GENE2-0004.html
[49] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe.
[50] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe.
[51] The Ohio Historical Society, S. Winifred Smith, ohiohistory.org/onlinedoc/ohgovernment….
[52]On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[53]10th Iowa Volunteers, Company E.
http://www.rootsweb.com/~iahardin/civilwar/10th_inf/10th-inf-g.htm
[54] Hodgkins, Anson R. Age 24. Residence Springville, nativity Wisconsin. Enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. as Fifth Sergeant. Mustered Sept. 3, 1862. Wounded May 16, 1863, Champion’s Hill, Miss. Promoted First Sergeant Sept. 10, 1863; Second Lieutenant March 21, 1864. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga. http://iagenweb.org/civilwar/books/logan/mil508.htm
[55] Annotated by Jeffery Lee Goodlove
[56]wikipedia
[57] www.frontierfolk.net/ramsha_research/families/Stephenson.rtf
[58] Proposed descendants of William Smythe.
[59] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe.
[60] http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~harrisonrep/harrbios/battealHarr3466VA.htm
[61] Crawford Coat of Arms
[62] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld, page 577.
[63] French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial, by Serge Klarsfeld, page 356.
[64] http://www.cv6.org/1942/solomons/solomons_2.htm
[65] http://www.cv6.org/1942/solomons/solomons_3.htm
[66] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035
[67] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[68] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre_Dame_de_Paris
[69] http://www.assassinationresearch.com/v2n1/chrono1.pdf
[70] http://www.assassinationresearch.com/v2n1/chrono1.pdf
[71] Proposed Descendant of William Smythe.
[72] Winton Goodlove:A History of Central City Ia and the Surrounding Area Book ll 1999
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