This Day in Goodlove History, April 7

• This Day in Goodlove History, April 7

• By Jeffery Lee Goodlove

• jefferygoodlove@aol.com

•

• Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove

•

• The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with -George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.

•

• The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:

• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx

•

• This project is now a daily blog at:

• http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/

• Goodlove Family History Project Website:

• http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/

•

• Books written about our unique DNA include:

• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.

•

• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.



“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.

•

• My thanks to Mr. Levin for his outstanding research and website that I use to help us understand the history of our ancestry. Go to http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/ for more information. “For more information about the Weekly Torah Portion or the History of Jewish Civilization go to the Temple Judah Website http://www.templejudah.org/ and open the Adult Education Tab "This Day...In Jewish History " is part of the study program for the Jewish History Study Group in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

•

A point of clarification. If anybody wants to get to the Torah site, they do not have to go thru Temple Judah. They can use http://DownhomeDavarTorah.blogspot.com and that will take them right to it.



The Goodlove Reunion 2011 will be held Sunday, June 12 at Horseshoe Falls Lodge at Pinicon Ridge Park, Central City, Iowa. This is the same lodge we used for the previous reunions. Contact Linda at pedersen37@mchsi.com

Birthdays on this date: Durward R. Winch, John C. Ross, Marsha L. McLean and Jeffery A. Perius, Edith I. McKee,

Weddings on this date; Kathern Divorsky and David B. Nunemaker, Delores L. Godsell and James R. McINtyre, Yvonne K. Kruse, Bernard F. Beranek.

I Get Email!

In a message dated 3/25/2011 10:04:54 A.M. Central Daylight Time,

Dear Jeff,

My heart broke this week when I read the news of the desecration of the Jewish cemetery on top of the Mount of Olives. It is in this ancient cemetery, believed to date back to Bible times, that my dear old friend Menachem Begin and his wife are buried. I have been to that beautiful spot overlooking the Old City many times, including on my last trip to Jerusalem.

Things have changed. Imagine my horror when I read, "Many of the tombstones have been smashed, litter is strewn around, and tethered donkeys defecate on top of graves." Jewish visitors to the cemetery are being attacked with stones on a regular basis. Palestinians are using tombstones for goals in their soccer games. There are even reports of firebombs being thrown to destroy the graves.




There are more than 150,000 graves in this ancient burial ground. From there you can easily see the glistening Dome of the Rock mosque and hear the Muslim call to prayer echoing across the valley. Israel gained control of the cemetery from Jordan along with the rest of the city of Jerusalem during the Six Days War in 1967. The International Committee for the Preservation of Har Hazeitim (Mount of Olives) estimates that 40,000 graves were destroyed between 1948 and 1967. Today it's happening again. The cemetery is surrounded by Arab neighborhoods, making security a constant issue. Even funeral processions are not immune from attack.

Palestinians claim the entire area, including the cemetery, and expect to make East Jerusalem the capital of their proposed nation. Any action by Jewish authorities to protect the cemetery and its visitors is expected to lead to protests, possibly even a renewed outbreak of violence. This is a heartbreaking report…

Your ambassador to Jerusalem,

Dr. Michael Evans

This Day….

Sunday, April 7, Nisan 17, 30 A.D.

Empty tomb discovered.[1]

April 7, 529: The Roman Emperor Justinian issued the first draft of the Corpus Juris Civilis. Justinian codified the ant-Jewish imperial view of the world that began under Constantine. The code made “anyone who was not connected to the Christian church a non-citizen.” More specifically, the principle of "Servitude of the Jews" (Servitus Judaeorum) was established by the new laws, and determined the status of Jews throughout the Empire for hundreds of years. The Jews were disadvantaged in a number of ways. Jews could not testify against Christians and were disqualified from holding a public office. Jewish civil and religious rights were restricted: ‘they shall enjoy no honors’. The use of the Hebrew language in worship was forbidden. Shema Yisrael sometimes considered the most important prayer in Judaism ("Hear, O Israel, YHWH our God, YHWH is one") was banned, as a denial of the Trinity. A Jew who converted to Christianity was entitled to inherit his or her father's estate, to the exclusion of the still-Jewish brothers and sisters. The Emperor became an arbiter in internal Jewish affairs. Similar laws applied to the Samaritans.”[2]

530 A.D. Ireland. Brendan the Navigator is said to have beaten the Norsemen to Greenland which was occupied by Paleoeskimo whale hunters. When St. Brendan supposedly found America he was looking for the land promised to the Saints. In Conneticut at Gungy Wamp St. Brendan is thought to have built. It spreads out over 100 acres[3].

April 7, 1348: In the first year of the reign of Charles IV, Charles University is founded in Prague. Charles was an enlightened ruler whose years on the throne were good ones for the Jews of Prague. “The long reign of Emperor Charles IV. (1348-78) brought the Prague Jews new privileges and relative calm even. The king ensured protection and, among others, offered a chance for them to settle inside the walls of the arising New Town. A sign of the status of the Jewish community is a banner that has survived, given to the Jews of Prague by Charles IV in 1375. From that year on the Jews would, over the centuries, come to the gates of the ghetto to welcome the kings of Bohemia in Prague. The banner was a shield and legacy of the favors of the ruler’s predecessor, a symbol of ambition and sign of hope.” Today Charles University is the home base for a Jewish Studies program offered to American college students that examines the history of Central European Jewry.[4]

1348-1349

Even the Black Death, or bubonic plague (1348-1349), which carried off a third of Europe’s population, was put into the service of killing Jews. Before the Black Death swept Europe, it had hit Mongolia and the Islamic Empire. Mongols, Mohammedans, and Jews had all died together without anyone having thought of blaming the Jews. But to medieval man it did occur. [5]

1348 Jews expelled from Switzerland.[6]

1348

Jews move from Germany to Ternopol, Russia in 1348.[7]

1348 Jews expelled from Germany, resettled in Czech.[8]

April 7, 1486: The first prayer book (Siddur) was printed in Italy by Soncino. This was the only time that the Siddur was published during the 15th century. For the most part hand copied manuscripts (of which there were plenty) continued to be used.[9]

April 7, 1506: In Portugal, a group of New Christians was arrested when they were caught conducting a Seder. Although they were released two Dominican firiars “who paraded through the streets with an uplifited crucifix crying Heresia so inflamed the citizenry that 500 hundred New Christians were murdered on the first day of a multi-day massacre.[10]

April 7, 1720: At one of the last large auto-de-fe's in Madrid, was burned five suspected Jews who were found to have committed the crime of praying in a "secret synagogue" which had been found after the Spanish war of Succession.[11]

1720

The following quotation indicates that the Battailes were Hugue­nots: “Among the fugitives from Rouen, were Isaac Bataille and David le Gendre, who went to South Carolina. Isaac Bataille, weaver, and Judith Petit, his wife, were living in “Ancre Street”, London, 1720, Isaac Bataille was an inhabitant of South Carolina in 1720.” [12]

1720-1721

Spotsylvania formed 1720-1721 from Essex, King and Queen and King William Counties which were formed 1692, 1691 and 1701-2.[13]



1757 On April 7, 1757, William Crawford, ensign, was promoted to lieutenant. William Crawford, Lieutenant, April 27-July 25, 3 months, 5 days. £47, 10 shillings.[14]



April 7, 1771: George Washington’s Diary: At my Brothers all day writing Instructions & dispatches for Captn. Crawford (Compilers 6th great grandfather) the Surveyor of our 200,000 Acs. of Land.[15]



April 7, 1772: An interpretation of English law allows the colonists to purchase Indian lands without patents from the Crown.[16]



April 7, 1777: Re; Trenton



Among the military papers on file in the state archives at

Marburg are the letters received by the Hessian general

officers in America. The following carefully translated ex-

tracts from letters of William, Count of Hesse-Hanau and

son of Frederick II., Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, will be

found of interest : —



To Lieutenant-General von Knyphausen.



Cassel, April 7, 1777.

I am accustomed to hold the honor of my troops so high

that nothing worse could have happened to me than to re-

ceive the information that my three regiments had in an

unlucky moment lost their well-earned reputation. Nothing

but an utter disregard of all drill and discipline could have

caused this disgrace. I find it necessary to have a personal

interview with Lieutenant-General von Heister and as the

climate of the country does not seem to agree with his health

I therefore write him to come here for a time and to trans-

fer the command of my troops in America to the lieutenant-

general commanding ; and I sincerely hope that he, feeling

as I do the grievous shock at such disgraceful conduct, will

see the indispensable necessity of expunging it and that he

will not rest until my troops by a great series of brave acts

obliterate the memory of this unlucky affair. The death of

.Colonel Rail has taken him away from my wrath which he

so well deserved in allowing himself in so inexcusable a way

to be surprised. They also are without excuse who after

Colonel Rail had been mortally wounded consented to sur-

render themselves in such a shameful manner instead of

making an effort to break through and fight their way out as

is always expected of good soldiers when they cannot any

longer hold the position. The number of men who suc-

ceeded in escaping plainly shows what the rest could have done if the officers remaining had done their duty and not

put aside the obligations they were under to me, to the

honour of my troops and to their own reputation. The full

particulars of this shameful act are not known to me at

present but nothing has as yet come to my knowledge which

atones for this disgrace. I therefore order the lieutenant-

general to examine all the officers on their return and report

to me the exact state of the affair. I am compelled to make

an example of the guilty party, and I will state in advance

that these regiments will never receive any flags again, un-

less they capture from the enemy as many as they have lost

in such a disgraceful manner. . . .



Greater than my joy at the honorable conduct of my

troops on their arrival in America is now my surprise and

indignation on reading the report of the unlucky affair at

Trenton in the lieutenant-general's report of the 5th day of

January. The loss of such well-organized regiments, with

their flags and their cannon is not only an everlasting re-

proach to my troops but I must believe according to the

report of the affair which has come to my knowledge that

these organizations did not regard their duty nor their own

honour which up to that time they had guarded so well. I

reserve still my decision until I am more fully informed of

all the circumstances of this disgraceful affair, which could

only have taken place by an utter disregard and neglect of

all discipline and all existing orders. Colonel Rail was not

a senior in rank on the army list and the lieutenant-general

should not have intrusted him with a brigade but have taken

the oldest colonel, even if he had to take him from a regi-

ment on Staten Island or on Long Island. [17]





April 7, 1778



Votaire was intiated into the Lodge Les Neuf Soeurs (Lodge of the Nine Muses) in Paris, on April 7, 1778, less than two monthys before his death on May 30th. He was very weak, and was assisted by tow brothers, one of whom was Benjamin Franklin. Because of his frail health, he was exempted from the more rigorous tests experienced during the French rite of initiation. Voltaire was given a gift apron worn by the philosopher Claude Adrien Helvetius, one of the founders of the The lodge of the Nine Muses, who died in 1771.[18]



April 7, 1788: Rufus Putnam founds Muskingum, near presentday Marietta, Ohio, the first step in the settlement of the Northwest Territory.[19]

April 7, 1792: Little Turtle led his warriors against the Americans on the morning of November 4. The militiamen under St. Clair immediately fled. St. Clair led the regular soldiers in a bayonet charge. The Indians easily repulsed it. St. Clair had two horses shot out from under him, as well as several bullets passing through his clothing and one taking off a lock of his hair. The Indians surrounded the few Americans still resisting. After three hours of fighting, much of it hand-to-hand combat, the remaining Americans fought through the Indians and joined the militiamen in retreating. The survivors reached Fort Jefferson late that afternoon and evening. With limited quantities of food and supplies at Fort Jefferson, St. Clair ordered his forces to Fort Washington. The Indians had soundly defeated St. Clair’s army. President George Washington demanded that St. Clair resign from the army. St. Clair did so on April 7, 1792. He, however, remained governor of the Northwest Territory and still faced problems with the natives. In 1794, Washington dispatched Anthony Wayne to succeed where St. Clair had failed. He would defeat the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers on August 19, 1794. In 1795, most natives in modern-day Ohio signed the Treaty of Greeneville, relinquishing all of their land holdings in Ohio except the northwestern corner. St. Clair’s Defeat was one of the worst defeats in history for the United States Army at the hands of Native Americans.[20]





April 7, 1818

Senator from Champaign County and one of the first Associate Judges of Clark Co.——- — — Page 270: The first Court of Common Pleas held in Clark County after the county was organized was on April 7, 1818, with Orrin Parish as Presiding Judge, Daniel McKinnon, Joseph Tatman and Joseph Layton, Associates.[21]

Is Susannah Tatman, Adam Godlove’s wife, the daughter of Joseph Tatman? (JG, Feb. 25, 2006) ~





Thurs. April 7, 1864 (William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove)

Started at 5 am went 19 miles

Camped on pleasant hill[22] at 2 pm

Cavalry and rebs skirmishing[23]

Our brigade[24] ordered out to support[25][26]

Rebs run we went back to camp pine woods

All day[27] fine house on hill





April 7, 1910

Mr. and Mrs. William Goodlove attended church at Alburnett Sunday morning and took dinner with the H. J. Stick’s.[28]



April 7, 1933: Quotas are applied in Germany to the number of Jewish students allowed in institutions of higher education, and laws prohibiting Jews from working in government offices are promulgated.[29] Hitler approved decrees banning Jews and other non-Aryans from the practice of law and from jobs in the civil service (Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service). Jewish government workers in Germany are ordered to retire. The term Nichtarier ("non-Aryan") became a legal classification in Germany. This made it "legal" to discharge Jews from their position in the universities, hospitals, and legal professions. The law was called the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service. The non-Aryan clause would be extended over the next year to include everything i.e. all professional occupations, athletic competition and military service.[30]



April 7, 1934: Several thousand Americans attended a pro-Nazi rally in Queens, New York.[31]



• April 7, 1939: Italy invades and annexed Albania[32] Jews were exiled from the coastal port cities and moved to Albania’s interior. Several Austrian and German families took refuge in Tirana and Durazzo in 1939 in hope of making it eventually to the United States or South America. Many Jewish refugees also passed through Albania on their way to Palestine. These refugees were well treated by the Italian forces and by the local population. Jewish refugee families began to scatter throughout Albania and assimilate into society. Jewish children continued to attend school, but under false names and religions. Italians rejected the Final Solution and therefore did not implement anti-Jewish laws. Nevertheless, many Albanians joined the SS Division “Skanderbeg.” Some Jewish refugees were eventually placed in a transit camp in Kavaje, and from there sent to Italy. At one point, nearly 200 Jews were placed in the Kavaje camp. Some Albanian officials tried to rescue these Jews of Kavaje, by issuing identity papers to hide them in the capital Tirana.[33]

•

April 7, 1941: The 30,000 Jews of Radom are placed in two ghettos.[34] Two separate ghettos were established in Radom, Poland. At Kielce, Poland, 16,000 local Jews and about a thousand Jewish deportees from Vienna are herded into a ghetto area.[35]



April 7, 1943: The Spanish Ambassador has lunch with Winston Churchill at which time the Prime Minister protested in the strongest possible language to the closure of the border between France and Spain to Jewish refugees trying to escape across the Pyrenees. Churchill’s threatening tone had its effect when a “few days later the Spanish authorities had re-opened the border to Jewish refugees.”[36]

April 7, 1943: 1943(2nd of Nisan, 5703): During the Holocaust in the western Ukraine, the Germans order 1,100 Jews to undress to their underwear and march through the city of Terebovlia to the nearby village of Plebanivka. They were then shot dead and buried in ditches.[37]

April 7, 1944: Alfred Wetzler and Rudolf Vrba escape from Auschwitz and reach Slovakia, bearing detailed information about the killing of Jews in Auschwitz. Their report, which reaches the free would in June, becomes known as the Auschwitz Protocols.



April 7, 2010



I Get Email!



A zeisen Pesach to you and your family. Happy Easter



Susan





Susan,



Thank you for the nice holiday greeting. I looked it up and I believe zeisen Pesach means “have a sweet Passover”. Thank you and I hope you and your family had a zeisen Pesach as well. Sorry for the late response. I am still getting caught up from Pesach and Easter festivities.



Jeff







Dear Jeff-Greetings- A few comments in reference to Goodlove Daily History of April 3rd.



I refer to what was stated concerning Christ and His death. We do not find the accurate account in the writings of historians and commentators, but in the Bible, God's Holy Word. All that has happened in the age or period that we call " time " God fully knew back in eternity. The Jews were, and are guilty because they rejected their Messiah and demanded that the Roman Authorities crucify Him.I, too, am guilty ( as a sinner ) because I am a member, or descendant of a fallen race whose head was Adam. Christ came as the Divine answer for redemption for lost,sinful man ( whosoever ) If there were only one person, it would have been necessary for Christ to have died for him to receive eternal redemption ( entrance to God's Heaven ) All that happened in relation to Christ's coming, life, ministry,death and resurrection was a part of God's Plan for mankind. God is on the Throne, He is in charge. He has much yet to reveal. I may have triggered your thinking. Again, I ever appreciate the Daily Goodlove History.



Al Bowdish





Al,



As a man who has given his life to the spreading the word of God throughout the world including India I am honored that you would take the time to respond to my comments. However, saying that the Jews are guilty of killing Christ is like saying that the Christians are guilty of the Holocaust. The Romans were in power during the time of Christ just as the Nazi’s were in power during the time of the Holocaust.



John 18:19:42 and mathew 27:11-27



This is what is called the Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ according to John and Mathew. At our church we used 2 cantors one being me and the chorus. We have done it this way more or less for twenty five years that I have been there. Mathew is on Maundy Thursday and Johns is on good Friday. This year it came to me that John and Mathews passage intended to portray the Jews to be at fault for the death of Jesus. For 2000 years these passages have been used as an excuse to punish the Jews for this supposed crime. Absolving Pilate from the guilt was possibly connected in part to the early missionaries of Christianity in Rome and the roman empire and not trying to antagonize those they were trying to convert.



– Caiphas the high priest referred to in the passions was selected for the post in 18 ce by a roman prefect by the name Gratus. He was paid by Rome. In 36 CE both Caiaphas and Pilate were dismissed by Syrian governor Vitellius. Following his removal from office, Pilate was ordered to Rome to face complaints of cruelty. He was exiled to Vienne, france.



• The Romans had replaced the High Priest at the temple with one of their own. In the Passion, that fact is never mentioned.



• On Friday, the eve of Passover, “Christ condemned to death by Pontius Pilate under the Emperor Tiberius” (Tacitus, Annals).[1][38]



• Tiberius; AKA “The Son of God”.



The Passion according to Mathew



• Now Jesus stood before the Governor and the governor asked him, “Are you the King of the Jews?”

• Jesus said, “you say so”.



• But when he was accused by the chief priests and elders, he did not answer.



• …Now the chief priests and the elders persuaded the crowds to ask for Barabbas and to have Jesus killed. The governor again said to them, “Which of the two do you want me to release for you? And they said Barabbas. Pilate said to them, “Then what should I do with Jesus Who is called the Messiah? All of them said, “Let him be crucified”.



• Then he asked “Why, what evil has he done?” But they shouted all the more, “Let him be crucified”. So when Pilate saw that he could do nothing but rather that a riot was beginning. He took some water and washed his hands before the crowd saying “I am innocent of this man’s blood, see to it yourselves.”



• ….there is something wrong with the text. He washes his hands of his sins. What is he doing? That’s not Roman, that’s Jewish…It’s a Jewish custom. Your not washing your hands, your washing your soul. He couldn’t have done it. Someone messed with the text.[1]



• The Biblical book of Deuteronomy 21:6 instructs Jewish leaders to wash their hands in order to cleanse themselves of responsibility for a murder that they could not prevent. [2][39]



• The mob demanding crucifixion maybe another embellishment added by the authors of the gospel. Are the Gospels shifting the blame from Pilate, to the Jews?[3][40]



• Then the people as a whole answered…



• "His blood be on us, and on our children."



• This verse blames the Jews for the death of Jesus and has been used to justify their persecution for twenty centuries. [4] [4] The Skeptics Annotated Bible



•• …Those who passed by derided him shaking their heads and saying “You that destroyest the temple and buildest it in three days, save yourself if you be the son of God, come down from the cross.



• In the same way the chief priests also along with the scribes and elders were mocking him saying “He saved others, himself he cannot save. If he be the King of Israel, Let Him come down from the cross and we will believe him. He trusted in God let Him deliver him now if he will have him for he said “I am the Son of God.”



• The Passion according to Mathew, as performed at the Church of Atonement, Chicago 3/16/2008



• For nearly two thousand years this passage has been tragically misinterpreted as an excuse to punish Jews for their supposed guilt for the death of Jesus. There is no question that Matthew intends this as a dramatic and decisive moment. [5][41]



• The reputed Jewish responsibility for opposition to Jesus is chronicled in less and less discriminate fashion. Yet already in Mark, usually considered the earliest Gospel, “the chief priests and the scribes” and “the whole council” conspire to kill Jesus, and “the multitude” demands his crucifixion.[6][42]



• The question of the story of the Passion concerns the details. Are the details of the story accurate, or are they really parables, made by the early church , for their own purposes?[7][43]



• The term “the Jews” as employed by Saint John is “a very dangerous symbolic term, and one cannot but wonder if it might be a root of anti-Semitism in the Christian subconcious.” [8][44]



•• Scholars believe it (Gospel of John) was the last to be written and that it was rewritten by several anonymous scholars.[9][45]



• In the Synoptic Gospels, conflicts over Sabath healings involve only the authorities. (Mark, Luke, Mathew. In John, the cripple whom Jesus heals is reproached by “the Jews” (5:10).[10][46]



• It is “the Jews” who are stirred to persecute Jesus, “the Jews” determine to kill him, “the Jews” seek to stone him, “the aJews” determine to kill him, “the Jews” seek to stone him, “the Jews” insisting that “they have no king but Caesar” and succeed in getting Pontius Pilate to hand Jesus over to be crucified, against Pilate’s desire to release Jesus. [11][47]



• Reputedly, Jesus tell “the Jews” that they are not children of God but are, by deliberate choice, children of the devil. 8:42-47. [12][48]



Jeff Goodlove





--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor. Page 199.

[2] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[3] Who really discovered America, HIST, 6/22/2010.

[4] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[5] Jews, God and History by Max I. Dimont, 1962 pg. 137.

[6] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm

[7] http://www.friends-partners.org/partners/beyond-the-pale/eng_captions/18-4.html

[8] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm

[9] Thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com

[10] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[11] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[12] Huguenot Emigration to America, vol. 2, pp. 73-4, by Charles W. Baird, D.D. Torrence and Allied Families, Robert M. Torrence, pg 303

[13] Ancestors of Forrest Roger Garnett, Page 908.21.

[14] The Brothers Crawford, Allen W. Scholl, 1995

[15] George Washington’s Diaries, An Abridgement, Dorothy Twohig, Ed. 1999

[16] On This Day in America by John Wagman.

[17] THE BATTLES OF TRENTON AND PRINCETON BY WILLIAM S. STRYKER

[18] The Journal of the Masoninc Society, Autumn, 2010, Issue 10.

[19] On This Day in America by John Wagman.

[20] http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/image.php?rec=557&img=960

[21] Page 112.40 Ancestors of Forrest Roger Garnett

[22] Pleasant Hill, established in the early 1850’s had a population of about 100-200, and was located in a clearing in the woods on the edge of an old field at the intersection of the road between Mansfield and Grand Ecore, and one from Texas and Fort Jessup to Blairs Landing on the Red River. It had about twelve or fifteen houses, a Methodist Church, possibly a Baptist Church a short distance away, a post office, a hotel, three storehouses, a school building for girls, and the as yet uncompleted Pearce Payne Methodist College for boys. http//rootweb.com/~ladesote/civreac.htm

[23] On April 7 the head of the Union infantry column reached Pleasant Hill. Probing on in advance were three brigades of Lee’s cavalry division. Thus far all had gone well for the troopers. Due to Taylor’s almost complete lack of mounted troops at the opening of the campaign, the Federal cavalry had so far encountered the enemy only in minor skirmishes, and it was still a question as to how the men would perform in a large-scale engagement. Lee himself must have frequently brooded on this subject, for his command was not one that would ordinarily inspire its leader with much confidence. Of the ten regiments Lee had with him in the advance, five were mounted infantry. In the words of Brigadier General William Dwight, these men “were not good riders, and did not understand how to take care of their horses properly. They were infantry soldiers who had been put on horseback…” (O. R., xxxiv, part I, 485.)



[24] The brigade was ordered to move forward and support the cavalry, but, after marching about one mile, found that enemy had retired. (Ed Wright,) (Roster of Iowa Soldiers in the War of the Rebellion Together with Historical Sketches of Volunteer Organizations 1861-1866 Vol. III, 24th Regiment – Infantry, Published by authority of the general Assembly, under the direction of Brig. Gen. Guy E. Logan, Adjutant General.)

ftp://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgienweb/ia/state/military/civilwar/book/cwbk 24.txt.



[25] On the afternoon of the 7th Lee’s amateur equestrians encountered four regiments of Green’s cavalry at Wilson’s Farm, three miles beyond Pleasant Hill, and a lively action was opened. On this occasion the Confederates, instead of falling back, charged with a yell, much to the consternation of the Federals. After some hot exchanges, Northern reserves rallied to the support of the leading brigade, which had borne the brunt of the charge, and drove back the attackers. Com. Con. War, p. 58; O. R. xxxiv, Part I, 450, 616-617.

April 7, 1864 Wilson’s Farm, LA

U.S.A. 14 Killed, 39 Wounded

C.S.A. 15 Killed, 40 Wounded

100 Missing or Captured.

(Civil War Battles of 1864;) http://users.aol/dlharvey/1864bat.htm

[26] The cavalry commander, Brigadier General Albert Lee, a thirty year old former Kansas lawyer, began to reflect intently on the disadvantages of his situation, particularly with regard to those 300 wagons directly in his rear, between him and the nearest infantry support. Several times already he had asked Franklin to let him shift his train back down the column, combining it with the infantry’s, but Franklin had declined; let the cavalry look after its own train, he said…He repeated his plea for reinforcements to Colonel John S. Clark, one of Banks’s aides, who came forward that night to see how things were going….Eventually Banks agreed that caution was in order, overruled Franklin, and directed him to send a brigade of infantry to reinforce the cavalry by daybreak. The Civil War Red River to Appomattox by Shelby Foote page 41`



[27] Banks expected his advance guard to clear the way and ordered his troops into bivouac. http:www.civilwarhome.com/redrivercampaign.htm

[28] Winton Goodlove Papers

[29] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page1759.

[30] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[31] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[32]

[33] [33] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

• [34] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1765.



[35] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[36] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[37] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[38] • [1]The world Before and After Jesus, Desire of the Everlasting Hills by Thomas Cahill, page 337.



[39] [2] The Naked Archaeologist, Pontius Pilate, 10/01/2008

[40][3] The Naked Archaeologist, Pontius Pilate, 10/01/2008

[41] [5] Donald Senior, C.P.



• http://www.cptryon.org/xpipassio/passio/matt/5condc.html



[42] [6] Your People, My People. The Meeting of Jews and Christians, A. Roy Eckardt, page 9.

[43] [7] Tomb of Jesus, NTGEO, 3/31/2002

[44] [8] Dominic M. Crossan, “Anti-Semitism and the Gospel,” Theological Studies, 26:2 (June, 1965), 199

[45] [9] The Naked Archaeologist, Hangin’ With Judas, 8/22/2008

[46] [10] Your People, My People, The Meeting of Jews and Christians. By A. Roy Eckardt, page 10.

[47] • [11] Your People, My People, The Meeting of Jews and Christians. By A. Roy Eckardt, page 10.

[48] 12] Your People, My People, The Meeting of Jews and Christians. By A. Roy Eckardt, page 10.