• This Day in Goodlove History, April 30
• By Jeffery Lee Goodlove
• jefferygoodlove@aol.com
•
• Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
•
• The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with -George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.
•
• The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
•
• This project is now a daily blog at:
• http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/
• Goodlove Family History Project Website:
• http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/
•
• Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.
•
• My thanks to Mr. Levin for his outstanding research and website that I use to help us understand the history of our ancestry. Go to http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/ for more information. “For more information about the Weekly Torah Portion or the History of Jewish Civilization go to the Temple Judah Website http://www.templejudah.org/ and open the Adult Education Tab "This Day...In Jewish History " is part of the study program for the Jewish History Study Group in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
•
A point of clarification. If anybody wants to get to the Torah site, they do not have to go thru Temple Judah. They can use http://DownhomeDavarTorah.blogspot.com and that will take them right to it.
The details for the GOODLOVE FAMILY REUNION were mailed Apr 9, 2011. If you haven't received the information and want to attend, please e-mail 11Goodlovereunion@gmail.com to add your name to the mailing list. RSVP's are needed by May 10.
Goodlove Family Reunion
Sunday, June 12, 2011
Pinicon Ridge Park, Central City, Iowa
4729 Horseshoe Falls Road, Central City, Iowa 52214
319-438-6616
www.mycountyparks.com/County/Linn/Park/Pinicon-Ridge-Park
The plans at the 2007 reunion were to wait 5 years to meet again. But hey, we are all aging a bit, so why wait: Because it was so hot with the August date, we are trying June this year. We hope that you and your family will be able to come. This is the same location as 2007 and with the same details. The mailing lists are hard to keep current, so I’m sure I have missed a lot of people. Please ask your relatives if they have the information, and pass this on to any relative who needs it.
Horseshoe Falls Lodge 8 AM to 8 PM. We will set up and clean up (although help is nice).
Please sign the Guest Book. Come early, stay all day, or just for a while.
Food- Hy-Vee will cater chicken & Ham plus coffee/iced tea/lemonade. Please bring a vegetable, appetizer, salad, bread or dessert in the amount you would for any family dinner. For those coming from a distance, there are grocery stores in Marion for food and picnic supplies.
Dinner at Noon. Supper at 5 PM. Please provide your own place settings.
Games-Mary & Joe Goodlove are planning activities for young & ‘not so young’. Play or watch. The Park also has canoes and paddle boats (see website for more information).
Lodging- The park does have campsites and a few cabins. Reservations 319-892-6450 or on-line. There are many motels/hotels in Marion/Cedar Rapids area.
The updated Family tree will be displayed for you to add or modify as needed.
Family albums, scrapbooks or family information. Please bring anything you would like to share. There will be tables for display. If you have any unidentified Goodlove family photos, please bring those too. Maybe someone will bhe able to help.
Your RSVP is important for appropriate food/beverage amounts. Please send both accepts & regrets to Linda Pedersen by May 10.
Something new: To help offset reunion costs (lodge rental/food/postage), please consider a donation of at leat $5 for each person attending. You may send your donation with your RSVP or leave it ‘in the hat’ June 12.
Hope to hear from you soon and see you June 12.
Mail
Linda Pedersen
902 Heiler Court
Eldridge, IA 52748
Call:
563-285-8189 (home)
563-340-1024 (cell)
E-mail:
11goodlovereunion@gmail.com
Pedersen37@mchsi.com
I Get Email!
“The Jewish link is part of our history. It seems there are two main subjects in your blog. One subject is the findings and fact that are a direct connection to the Goodlove family tree and the other is Jewish religious history and the search for a connection. Have you ever thought about concentrating on the This Day in Holocaust history as a separate blog?”
I would except for the following reasons…and these are only a few.
Gottlib, Mania
geb. Gottlib
04.08.1870 in Wojnicz
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
21.071942.
21.09/1942, Treblinka
Gottleb, Albert
24.12.1894 in Fulda
Wohnhaft Fulda
Deportation
1943, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Alice
06.12.1918
Wohnhaft Frankfurt a.M.
Deportation:
1942, Majdanek
Gottlieb, Anna
24.04. 1877 in Eisenach
Wohnhaft Leipzig
Todesdaten:
07.09. 1942, Leipzig
Freitod
Gottleib, Arnold
15.08.1908
Wohnhaft Stuttgart
Deportation: ab Drancy
14.08.1942, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Aron
10.12.1877 in Neuhof
Wohnhaft Neuhof
Deportation: ab Kassel
09.12.1941. Riga
Gottlieb, Auguste
Geb. Pelzmann
18.02.1872 in Zablocie
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
07.07.1942 Theresienstadt
Todesdaten
01.05.1944, Theresienstadt
Gottleib, Berta
Geb. Bornheim
18.09.1890 in Stockheim
Wohnhaft Borken i. Hessen
Deportation:
1842 Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Blume
Geb. Schonhorn
05.08.1890 in Moldauisch
Banilla
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
14.11.1941, Minsk
Gottlieb, Clara
Geb Hornesburg
19.02.1879 in Kiel
Wohnhaft Hamburg
Deportaion: ab Hamburg
08.11.1941. Minsk
Gottlieb, Dagobert
21.01.1907 in Berlin
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation:
17.01.1941, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, David
04.11.1881 in Boryslaw
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportaion:ab Berlin
03.03.1943, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, David
23.09.1884 in Mizum
Wohnhaft Breslau
Deportation: ab Breslau
25.11.1941.Kowno
Todesdaten”
29.11.1941
Gottlieb, Dora
Geb. Seinfeld
29.04.1905 in Perehinsko
Wohnhaft Nordausen
Deportation:
28.10.1938, nach Bentchen
Abgeschoben
Todesdaten:
Unbekannt
Gottlieb, Dorian
17.03.1931
Wohnhaft Nordhausen
Deportation:
28.10.1938, nach Bentschen
Abgeshoben
Todesdaten:
Unbekannt
Tottlieb, Eisig
17.06.1891 in Berhometh
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
29.11.1942, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Elias
11.12.1874 in Berlin
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
10.01.1944, Theresienstadt
Todesdaten:
5.3.1945, Theresienstadt
Gottlieb, Elma
13.10.1903 in Duisburg
Wohnhaft Koln
Deportation: ab Koln
Okt 1941, Litzmannstadt
Todesdaten:
05.03.1942
Gottlieb, Erna
Geb. Edelheim
09.12.1888
Wohnhaft Hamburg
Deportation: ab Hamburg
18.11.1941, Minsk
Gottlieb, Ernst
03.11.1905 in Bosen
Wohnhaft Bosen
Deportation:ab Westerbork
13.07.1943. Sobibor
Todesdaten
16.07.1943
Gottlieb, Ernst Moses
15.11.1923 in Kassel
Wohnhaft Borken i. Hessen
Deportation 1942, Auschwitz
Todesdaten:
28.08.1942, Auschwits
Gottlieb, Eugen
14.05.1880 in
Berlin
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab
Frankfurt a. M. Berlin
24./26.09 1942 Raasiku
Gottlieb, Eugenie
08.09. 1893 in Altenbamberg
Wohnhaft Altenbamberg
Deportaion:
Ziel unbekannt
Gottlieb, Evelyne
09.04.1934 in Berlin
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Westerbork
07.09.1942, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Fandzia
23.11.1906 in Boryslaw
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
01.03.1943 Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Fanny
Geb. Nowenstern
10.03.1903 in Wioska
Wohnhaft Bendorf
Deportation:
1942, Izbica
Gottlieb, Fany
01.11.1883 in Philadelphia
Wohhaft Frankfurt a. M.
Deportation:
Osttransport
Gottlieb, Ferdinand
10.10.1875 in Bosen
Wohnhaft Bosen
Deportation:
1942, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Flora
15.12.1883 in Brunn
Wohnhaft Nurnberg
Deportation: ab Nurnbert
Deportation: ab Nurnberg
29.11.1941, Riga
Gottlieb, Fred
04.04.1933 in Saarlautern
Wohnhaft Saarlautern
Deportation: ab Westerbork
18.05.1943, Sobibor
Todesdaten:
21.05.1943, Sobibor
Gottlieb, Frieda
Geb. Eisenstein
27.06.1874 in Wangerin
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
20.07.1942, Theresienstadt
Todesdaten:
12.10.1942, Theresienstadt
Gottlieb, Frieda
Geb. Sondheimer
15.07.1883 in Uttrichshausen
Wohnhaft Neuhof
Deportation: ab Kassel
09.12.1941
Gottlieb, Gittel
28.07.1915
Deportation: ab Berlin
17.03.1943, Theresienstadt
23.10.1944, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Grete S.
Geb. Wolff
14.09.1906 in Edenkoben
Wohnhaft Berlin
Todesdaten:
Auschwitz
Gottleib, Gustav
27.02.1886 in Borken
Wohnhaft Borken I, Hessen
Deportation:
1942, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Heinz
09.03.1905 in Leipzig
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
16.06.1943 Theresienstadt
Todesdaten:
03.10.1943, Theresienstadt
Gottlieb, Helene
Geb. Kaufmann
17.03.1907 in Linnich
Wohnhaft Siegburg
Deportation: ab Trier-Koln
27.07.1942, Theresienstadt
04.10.1944, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Hella Sabina
Geb. Feld
25.03.1891 in Zwierzow
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation:ab Berlin
15.08.1942, Riga
Todesdaten:
18.08.1942, Riga
Gottlieb, Henriette Emmy
18.04.1919 in Altenbamberg
Wohnhaft Karlsruhe
Deportation: ab Drancy
10.08.1942, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Hermann
09.01.1881 in Hamburg
Wohnhaft Hamburg
Deportation: ab Hamburg
08.11.1941, Minsk
Gottlieb, Ida
Geb. Wolf
06.12.1880 in Hagenbach
Wohnhaft Altenbamberg
Deportation:
1940, Ziel unbekannt
Auschwitz
Gottleib, IIse Sitta
28.06.1921 in Kassel
Wohnhaft Borken I, Hessen
Deportation:
1942, Auschwitz
Todesdaten:
24.08.1942, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Isaak
10.09.1877 in Ebernburg
Wohnhaft Munchen
Deportation: ab Munchen
03.04.1942, Piaski
Gottleib, Jean
28.11.1880 in Gro?
Mesertsch
Wohnhaft Hamburg
Deportation: ab Hamburg
Nov. 1941, Minsk
Gottlieb, Jenny
Geb. Katz
02.11.1883 in Bobenhausen
Wohnhaft Frankfurt a. M.
Deportation:
1942, Ziel unbekannt
Gottlieb, Johann
29.11.1880 in Gro?
Meseritsch
Wohnhaft Hamburg
Deportation: ab Hamburg
08.11.1941, Minsk
Gottlieb, Johanna
Geb. Kahn
24.05. 1859 in Ebernburg
Wohnhaft Ebernburg
Deportation:
1940, Gurs
Todesdaten:
23.03.1941
Gottlieb, Johanna
14.01.1872 in Grebenau
Wohnhaft Frankfurt a. M.
Deportation: ab Frankfurt a. M.
18.08.1942, Theresienstadt
23.09.1942. Trblinka
Gottlieb. Johanna
10.12.1914 in Frankfurt a. M.
Wohnhaft Frankfurt a. M.
Deportation: Ziel unbekannt
Gottleib, Josef
21.05.1882 in Neuhof
Wohnhaft Neuhof
Deportation:
1942, Osttransport
Gottlieb, Julius
24.12.1852 in Ebernburg
wohnhaft Altenbamberg
Deportation:
1940, Gurs
Todesdaten:
26.11.1940
Gottlieb, Julius
20.02.1927 in Berlichingen
Wohnhaft Berlichingen
Deportation: ab Westerbork
20.07.1943, Sobibor
Todesdaten:
23.07.1943, Sobibor
Gottlieb, Karl
13.03.1898 in Fulda
Wohnhaft Frankfurt a. M.
Deportation: ab Drancy
Marz 1943, Mjdanek
Gottlieb, Karoline
10.12.1875 in Neuhof
Wohnhaft Neuhof
Deportation: 1942, Ziel unbekannt
Gottlieb, Karoline
Geb. Marx
05.04.1895 in Freudental
Wohnhaft Berlichingen
Deportation:ab Westergork
25.05. 1943, Sobibor
Todesdaten:
28.05.1943, Sobibor
Gottlieb, Klara
Geb. Silber
27.12.1884 in Mainstockheim
Wohnhaft Braunshweig
Deportation: ab
Gelsenkirchen-Munster-
Hannover
31.03.1942
Gottlieb, Kurt
04.04.1932 in Linnich
Wohnhaft Siegberg
Deportation ab Trier-Koln
27.07.1942, Theresienstadt
04.10.1944, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Lazarus
22.07.1866 in Lemberg
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
25.09.1942, Theresienstadt
Todesdaten:
29.10.1942, Thereseinstadt
Gottlieb, Lina
19.07.1881 in Neuhof
Wohnhaft Neuhof
Deportation:
1942 Ziel unbekannt
Gottlieb, Lucie
Geb. Linick
18.03.1911 in Gelnhausen
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
02.03.1943, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Luise
Geb. Gottlieb
19.10.1886 in Leipzig
Wohnhaft, Leipzig
Deportation: ab Leipzig
18.06, 1943, Theresienstadt
16.05.1944, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Marta
Geb. Hajek
14.05. 1887 in Freiwaldau-Grafenberg
Wohnhaft Breslau
Deportation: ab Breslau
25.11.1941, Kowno
Todesdaten:
29.11.1941, Kowno
Gottlieb, Max
13.11.1878 in Berlin
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
25.01.1942, Riga
Gottlieb, Max
06.07.1896 in Neuhof
Wohnhaft Siegburg
Deportation:ab Trier-Koln
27.07.1942, Theresienstadt
01.10.1944, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Max
21.03.1935 in Berlichingen
Wohnhaft Berlichingen
Deportation: ab Westerbork
20.07.1943, Sobibor
Todesdaten:
23.07.1943, Sobibor
Gottlieb, Mindel
Geb Goldhammer
08.10. 1880 in Boryslaw
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
04.03. 1943, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Nathan
26.02.1862 in Neuhof
Wohnhaft Frankfurt a. M.
Deportation: ab Frankfurt a. M.
15.09. 1942, Theresienstadt
Todesdaten:
10.01.1943, Theresienstadt
Gottlieb, Pinkas
20.02.1872 in Storozynetz
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
01.11.1941, Litzmannstadt
Todesdaten:
17.03.1942, Litzmannstadt
Gottlieb, Rina
04.12.1886 in Wonfurt
Wohnhaft Frankfurt a. M.
Deportation:
1942, Ziel unbekannt
Gottlieb, Rolf
18.11.1933 in Frankfurt a. M.
Wohnhaft Frankfurt a. M.
Deportation:ab Darmstadt
25.03.1942, Piaski
Gottlieb, Rosa
Geb. Schnitzler
28.05. 1884
Wohnhaft Koln
Deportation:
Ziel unbekannt
Gottlieb, Roschen
10.06. 1925 in Berlin
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
15.08. 1942, Riga
Todesdaten:
18.08.1942, Riga
Gottlieb, Rosi
12.02. 1898 in Frankfurt a. M.
Wohnhaft Frankfurt a. M.
Todesdaten:
08.05. 1942
Freitod
Gottlieb, Ruchel
Geb. Pfau
12.08. 1869 in Kuty
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
01.11.1941, Litzmannstadt
Todesdaten:
29.04.1942, Litzmannstadt
Gottlieb, Rudolf
08.11. 1880 in Budapest
Wohnhaft Leipzig
Deportation: ab Leipzig
18.06. 1943, Theresienstadt
Todesdaten:
28.11.1943
Gottlieb, Sabine
Geb. Schild
20.07.1859 in Atlanta
Wohnhaft Karbach
Deportation:Nurnberg-Wurzburg-Regensburg
23.09.1942, Theresienstadt
Todesdaten:
05.12.1942, Theresienstadt
Gottlieb, Salomon
25.10.1865
Wohnhaft Stuttgart
Dodesdaten:26.05. 1933
Freitod
Gottlieb, Samuel
11.03.1893 in Berlichingen
Wohnhaft Berlichingen
Deportation: ab Westergork
25.05.1943, Sobibor
Todesdaten:
28.05.1943, Sobibor
Gottlieb, Sara
17.12.1871 in Lichenroth
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
19.01.1942, Riga
Gottlieb, Selma
Geb. Salomon
24.02.1877 in Hilbringen
Wohnhaft Bosen
Deportation:
1942, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Sidonie
13.02.1896 in Berlin
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation: ab Berlin
27.11.1941, Riga
Todesdaten:
30.11.1941, Riga
• Sidonie Gottlieb, born February 13, 1896 in Berlin and lived at at Schoneberg, Potsdamer Str. 131; 7.
• in Berlin. Sidonie was deported from Berlin to Riga, Latvia on November 27, 1941 and died at Riga November 30, 1941. [1] The first transportation to come directly to Riga was also caught up in the clearance of the Riga ghetto on November 30. The passengers, approximately 730 Berlin Jews, who had had to leave their home city on November 27, died in the early morning of November 30, immediately before the arrival of their Latvian fellow sufferers. On November 30, known as Rigaer Blutsonntag or Riga Bloody Sunday, and on December 8/9, 26,500 Latvian Jews were murdered in the woods of Rumbula by members of the SS and the police as well as Latvian volunteers.[2]
Gottlieb, Siegfried
23.10.1923 in Berlin
Wohnhaft Berlin
Deportation:
1942, Auschwita
Todesdaten:
12.01.1943, Auschwitz
Gottlieb, Sophie
Geb. Guthermann
12.09.1864 in Archshofen
Wohnhaft Berlichingen
Deportation: ab Stuttgart
22.08.1942, Theresienstadt
26.09.1942, Treblinka
Gottlieb, Sulamith
17.01.1936
Wohnhaft Nordhausen
Deportation:
28:10.1938, nach Bentschen
Abgeschoben
Todesdaten:
Unbekannt
Gottlieb, Valerie
03.07.1900 in Frankfurt a. M.
Wohnhaft Frankfurt a. M.
Todesdaten:
08.05.1842
Freitod
Gottlieb, Wolf
10.01.1902 in Perehinsko
Wohnhaft Nordhausen
Deportation:
28.10.1938, Polen
Gottlieb, Zelly
12.01.1886 in Hamburg
]wohnhaft Hamburg
Deportation: ab Hamburg
25.10.1941, Litzmannstadt
Gottlob, Adolf
27.03.1874 in Niederwerm
Wohnhaft Niederwerm
Deportation: ab Nurnberg-
Wurzburg-Rebensburg
23.09.1942, Theresienstadt
Todesdaten:
]21.01.1944, Theresienstadt[3]
Simon-Szmul Gotlibowicz was born in Poland on August 24, 1927. He was nearly 17 when he was deported on June 30, 1944, on convoy 76. He lived at 6 rue Melingue in Paris.[4]
In a message dated 4/26/2011 9:26:34 A.M. Central Daylight Time,
As Believers around the world celebrated the resurrection of Jesus, a Palestinian police officer fatally shot Ben-Yosef Livnat, nephew of Israel's Culture and Sport Minister as he visited Joseph's Tomb in Nablus. The 25-year-old father of four was part of a group that did not have permission to visit the site, which is controlled by the Palestinian Authority. Four other members of the group were wounded in the shooting.
Israeli Defense Minister Ehud Barak noted that the group did not receive a permit but declared that did not justify the shooting. "A coordination error does not justify this type of incident and the shooting of innocent people," Barak said in a statement released to the press. The incident took place in an Area A zone, where the Palestinian Authority "assumes the powers and responsibilities for internal security and public order." The Palestinian officer apparently cited "suspicious conduct" to justify opening fire on the unarmed Jewish civilians. Violent attacks against Jews have dramatically increased in recent weeks. They need our help and support right now more than ever before.
Your ambassador to Jerusalem,
Dr. Michael Evans
April 30, 313: Licinius defeated Maximinus at the Battle of Tzirallum, thus making him the Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire. The Emperor of the Western Roman Empire was his brother-in-law, Constantine. The two in laws would clash repeatedly until Constantine defeated Licinius and eventually killed him despite the pleas of his sister to spare her husband’s life. We know that Constantine made Christianity the state religion of the Roman Empire with all that that would mean for the Jews of Europe. Would it have been any different if Licinius had triumphed? Who knows? Lucinius did subscribe to the policy of tolerance towards Christians but those who were writing history in the fourth and fifth century tended to create an idyllic vision of Constantine which meant painting a less than flattering portrait of Licinius. Gibbon follows the same path in his history of the Roman Empire.[5]
April 30, 711: Moorish troops led by Tariq ibn-Ziyad land at Gibraltar to begin their invasion of the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus). For the Jews living under the Visigoth rulers of Spain, this is good news. The victory of the Moors will mark the start of what is called the Golden Age. Ironically, the Golden Age will begin to tarnish not because of Christians, but because of an invasion by another, more religiously conservative group of Moslems.[6]
April 30, 1245: Birthdate King Philip III of France, the son Louis IX (St. Louis). During Phillip’s reign, the Pope turned the attention of the Inquisition from suppressing the heresy of the Albigenses to the Jews of southern France who had converted to Christianity. The popes complained that not only were baptized Jews returning to their former faith, but that Christians also were being converted to Judaism. Pope Gregory X ruled that Jewish converts who had returned to Judaism, as well as Christians who converted to Judaism were to be treated by the Inquisitors as heretics. The instigators of such apostasies, as those who received or defended the guilty ones, were to be punished in the same way as the delinquents. When the Jews of Toulouse buried a Christian convert in their cemetery, they were brought before the Inquisition in for trial, with their rabbi, Isaac Males and having been found guilty were burned at the stake. Needless to say, Phillip did nothing to protect his subjects.[7]
Joan of Acre
Countess of Hertford
Countess of Gloucester
April 30, 1290: Edward I, King of England chose Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, who was almost thirty years older than Joan and newly divorced, for his daughters husband[13][8] The earl resigned his lands to Edward upon agreeing to get them back when he married Joan, as well as agreed on a dower of two thousand silver marks.[14][9] By the time all of these negotiations were finished, Joan was twelve years old.[14][10] Gilbert de Clare became very enamored with Joan, and even though she had to marry him regardless of how she felt, he still tried to woo her.[15][11] He bought her expensive gifts and clothing to try to win favor with her.[16][12] The couple were married on April 30, 1290 at Westminster Abbey, and had four children together.[17] [13]They were:
Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford
Eleanor de Clare
Margaret de Clare
Elizabeth de Clare
Joan's first husband, Gilbert de Clare died on December 7, 1295.[18][14]
Joan had been a widow for only a little over a year when she caught the eye of Ralph de Monthermer, a squire in Joan’s father’s household.[19][15] Joan fell in love and convinced her father to have Monthermer knighted. It was unheard of in European royalty for a noble lady to even converse with a man who had not won or acquired importance in the household. However, in January 1297 Joan secretly married [20] Ralph. Joan's father was already planning another marriage for Joan to Amadeus V, Count of Savoy,[20] to occur 16 March 1297. Joan was in a dangerous predicament, as she was already married, unbeknownst to her father.
Joan sent her four young children to their grandfather, in hopes that their sweetness would win Edward's favor, but her plan did not work.[21] The king soon discovered his daughter's intentions, but not yet aware that she had already committed to them,[18] he seized Joan’s lands and continued to arrange her marriage to Amadeus of Savoy.[17] Soon after the seizure of her lands, Joan told her father of that she had married Ralph. The king was enraged and retaliated by immediately imprisoning Monthermer at Bristol Castle.[17] The people of the land had differing opinions on the princess’ matter. It has been argued that the ones who were most upset were those who wanted Joan’s hand in marriage.[22]
With regard to the matter, Joan famously said, “It is not considered ignominious, nor disgraceful for a great earl to take a poor and mean woman to wife; neither, on the other hand, is it worthy of blame, or too difficult a thing for a countess to promote to honor a gallant youth.”[23] Joan's statement in addition to a possibly obvious pregnancy seemed to soften Edward’s attitude towards the situation.[22] Joan's first child by Monthermer was born in October 1297; by the summer of 1297, when the marriage was revealed to Edward I, Joan's condition would certainly have been apparent, and would have convinced Edward that he had no choice but to recognize his daughter's marriage. Edward I eventually relented for the sake of his daughter and released Monthermer from prison in August 1297.[17] Monthermer paid homage 2 August, and being granted the titles of Earl of Gloucester and Earl of Hertford, he rose to favor with the King during Joan's lifetime.[24]
Monthermer and Joan had four children:
Mary de Monthermer, born October 1297. In 1306 her grandfather King Edward I arranged for her to wed Duncan Macduff, 8th Earl of Fife.
Joan de Monthermer, born 1299, became a nun at Amesbury.
Thomas de Monthermer, 2nd Baron Monthermer, born 1301.
Edward de Monthermer, born 1304 and died 1339. [16]
It is through Ralph de Monthermer that our connection to Joan of Acre occurs, and therefore to the King of England. Joan is the compilers 22nd grandmother.
April 30, 1349: The Jewish community at Radolszell, Germany, was exterminated. This appears to have been part of a wave of attacks on Jewish communities that took place during 1348 and 1349. They were in response to fears about the Black Death and a convenient way for non-Jewish nobles and others to avoid having to re-pay their Jewish creditors.[17]
April 30, 1492: Christopher Columbus is appointed Admiral of the Ocean Sea and governor of any land he discovers.[18]
April 30, 1492: The Edict of Expulsion for all the Jews of Spain was passed. Since professing that Jews were not under the jurisdiction of the Inquisition, the Church decided to level a ritual murder accusation against them in Granada and was thus able to call for the expulsion of both Jews and Marranos from Spain. The Marranos themselves were accused of complicity in the case, and both were ordered to leave within four months. Torquemada, the director of the Inquisition (and incidentally of Jewish descent), defended this against Don Isaac Abarbanel. The edict was passed, and over fifteen thousand Jews had to flee, some to the Province of Aragon and others, like Abarbanel, to Naples. Still others found temporary sanctuary in Portugal.[19]
April 30, 1556: A community of Marranos at Ancona (Italy) was devastated when Pope Paul IV retracted letters of protection issued by previous Popes' for protection of the Jews, and ordered immediate proceedings to be taken by the Holy Office. The result of the findings came in the spring and early summer, when 24 men and 1 woman were burned alive in successive proceedings. Their deaths are memorialized in that city every Tisha B'av.[20]
April 30, 1562: Port Royal, off the coast of South Carolina, becomes the first French colony in America.[21]
April 30, 1563 The Jews were expelled from France by order of Charles VI.[22]
1563
After Mary’s death in 1563, her half sister, Elizabeth was sympathetic to the Protestant cause, so once again Bible publishing was allowed and Protestantism flourished.[23]
Note: The Massacre of Logan’s family and people at Yellow Creek by Daniel Greathouse, and the party of thirty-two borderers he had collected for the purpose, occurred on April 30, 1774.[24]
April 30, 1774: Immediately after the occurrence of the events narrated as above by Clarke came the killing of the Indians at Captina Creek and the murder of the relatives of the Mingo chief Logan at Baker's Bottom, on the Ohio, the date of the last-named event being April 30th. The so-called speech of Logan fastened the odium of killing his people in cold blood on Capt. Michael Cresap, of Redstone Old Fort. That the charge was false and wholly unjust is now known by all people well informed on the subject. Cresap did, however, engage in the killing of other Indians, being no doubt incited thereto by the deceitful tenor of Dr. Connolly's letters, which were evidently written for the express purpose of inflaming the minds of the frontiersmen by false information, and so bring about a general Indian war.
The chief Logan, with a hunting party of his Indians, and having with them their women and children, had pitched his hunting-camp at the mouth of Yellow Creek, about thirty miles above Wheeling, on the west side of the Ohio, and opposite Baker's Bottom on the Virginia side, where lived Joshua Baker, whose chief occupation was selling liquor to the Indians. From the time when Logan had first pitched his camp at Yellow Creek it had been the determination of some of the whites to attack it and kill the Indian party, but in their first attempt to do this they had been overruled in their purpose, chiefly by the influence of Capt. Cresap, as is shown in Clarke's account before quoted. But after Cresap and Clark had departed with their men for Redstone, and while they were making their way from Catfish Camp to the Monongahela, on the day succeeding the night which they spent at William Huston's cabin, the plan to kill the Indians of Logan's party was put in execution (during the absence of the chief) by enticing a part of them across the river to Baker's cabin, where a party of white men lay concealed. There liquor was given them, and then when they or some of them were in a state of partial intoxication the bloody work was done, all the Indians at the house being killed except an infant child. The party who did the perfidious and cold-blooded deed were under the leadership of Daniel Greathouse, a settler on King's Creek near its mouth. Several accounts of the affair have been given, generally agreeing as to the main facts, but disagreeing to some extent as to the minor details. One account has it that in the evening preceding the tragedy a friendly squaw came across the river from Logan's camp and told Baker's wife with many tears that the lives of herself (Mrs. Baker) and her family were in danger, as the Indians were planning to come across and murder them. She wished well to Mrs. Baker, and thus risked her own life to serve her by bringing the information so as to allow the family time to escape. Upon receipt of this warning Greathouse's party was collected in haste at the cabin. No Indians appeared during the night, and on the following morning Greathouse and two or three others crossed to Logan's camp, and in an apparently friendly manner invited the Indians to come across to Baker's and get some rum. A party of them accepted the invitation and came. Most of Greathouse's men lay concealed in the back part of the cabin. Baker was to deal out rum freely to the Indians, and did so. When they became intoxicated the concealed men rushed out and killed them. In Mayer's "Logan and Cresap" the following account is given of the massacre:
"Early in the morning a party of eight Indians, composed of three squaws, a child, and four unarmed men, one of whom was Logan's brother, crossed the river to Baker's cabin, where all but Logan's brother obtained liquor and became excessively drunk. No whites except Baker and two of his companions appeared in the cabin. After some time Logan's relative took down a coat and hat belonging to Baker's brother-in-law, and putting them on, set his arms akimbo, strutted about the apartment, and at length coming up to one of the men addressed him with the most offensive epithets and attempted to strike him. The white man, Sappington, who was thus assailed by language and gesture for some time kept out of his way, but becoming irritated, seized his gun and shot the Indian as he was rushing to the door, still clad in the coat and hat. The men, who during the whole of this scene had remained hidden, now poured forth, and without parley slaughtered the whole Indian party except the child. Before this tragic event occurred two canoes, one with two and the other with five Indians, all naked, painted, and completely armed for war, were descried stealing from the opposite shore, where Logan's camp was situated. This was considered as confirmation of what the squaw had said the night before, and was afterwards alleged in justification of the murder of the unarmed party which had first arrived.
"No sooner were the unresisting drunkards dead than the infuriated whites rushed to the river-bank, and ranging themselves along the concealing fringe of underwood prepared to receive the canoes. The first that arrived was the one containing two warriors, who were fired upon and killed The other canoe immediately turned and fled; but after this two others containing eighteen warriors, painted and prepared for conflict as the first had been, started to assail the Americans. Advancing more cautiously than the former party, they endeavored to land below Baker's cabin, but being met by the rapid movements of the rangers before they could effect their purpose they were put to flight, with the loss of one man, although they returned the fire of the pioneers.:
Another account of the Baker's Bottom massacre was given more than half a century afterwards by Judge Jolley, who for many years was a resident of Washington County, Ohio, and who at the time of the occurrence was a youth living on the frontier. His account, as given below, was published in the year 1836 in "Silliman's Journal," viz.:
"I was about sixteen years of age, but I very well recollect what I then saw, and the information that I have since obtained was derived from (I believe) good authority. In the spring of the year 1774 a party of Indians encamped on the northwest of the Ohio, near the mouth of the Yellow Creek. A party of whites, called 'Greathouse's party, lay on the opposite side of the river. The Indians came over to the white party, consisting, I think, of five men and one woman with an infant. The whites gave them rum, which three of them drank, and in a short time became very drunk. The other two men and the woman refused to drink. The sober Indians were challenged to shoot at a mark, to which they agreed; and as soon as they emptied their guns the whites shot them down. The woman attempted to escape by flight, but was also shot down; she lived long enough, however, to beg mercy for her babe, telling them that it was akin to themselves. The whites had a man in the cabin prepared with a tomahawk for the purpose of killing the three drunken Indians, which was immediately done. The party of men then moved off for the interior settlements, and came to Catfish Camp (Washington) on the evening of the next day, where they tarried until the day following. I very well remember my mother feeding and dressing the babe, chirruping to the little innocent, and its smiling. However, they took it away, and talked of sending it to its supposed father, Col. John Gibson, of Carlisle, Pa. who had been for some years a trader among the Indians.
"The remainder of the (Indian) party at the mouth of Yellow Creek, finding that their friends on the opposite side of the river were massacred, attempted to escape by descending the Ohio, and in order to prevent being discovered by the whites passed on the west side of Wheeling Island, and landed at Pipe Creek, a small stream that empties into the Ohio a few miles below Grave Creek, where they were overtaken by Cresap with a party of men from Wheeling. They took one Indian scalp, and had one white man (Big Tarrener) badly wounded. They, I believe, carried him in a litter from Wheeling to Redstone. I saw the party on their return from their victorious campaign. It was well known that Michael Cresap had no hand in the massacre at Yellow Creek."
The concluding sentence in Judge Jolley's statement was written in refutation of the calumny which was circulated and for many years believed by the majority of the people of the country, that the murder of Logan's men and relatives was done by Capt. Michael Cresap or by his orders. Such an inference might be drawn from the first part of the statement of William, already given, viz., where he says, "I had previously heard the report of Mr. Cresap having killed some Indians, said to be the relations of Logan, an Indian chief." But his memory was evidently at fault. He could not have previously hears of the killing at Yellow Creek, as it did not occur until after the time to which he refers in the certificate. And in the latter part of the same document he disproves his previous statement by saying, "I further certify that some of the party who afterwards killed some women and other Indians at Baker's Bottom also lay at my cabin on their march to the interior." Another statement that seems to be conclusive proof of Capt. Cresap's innocence of any participation in the atrocity at Baker's Bottom is found in an affidavit of the man who shot Logan's brother on that occasion, viz.: "I, John Sappington, declare myself to be intimately acquainted with all the circumstances respecting the destruction of Logan's family, and do give the following narrative, a true statement of that affair: Logan's family (if it was his family) was not killed by Cresap, nor with his knowledge, nor by his consent, but by the Greathouses and their associates. They were killed thirty miles above Wheeling, near the mouth of Yellow Creek. Logan's camp was on one side of the river Ohio, and the house where the murder was committed was opposite to it on the other side. They had encamped there only four or five days, and during that time had lived peaceably with the whites on the opposite side until the very day the affair happened."
The killing of the Indians at Baker's was on the 30th of April, as before mentioned. [25]/
April 30, 1789
Brother Washington became Worshipful Master on December 20, 1788, and was inaugurated President of the United States on April 30, 1789, thus becoming the first, and so far the only, Brother to be simultaneously President and Master of his Lodge.[26]
April 30, 1789: George Washington is inaugurated as the first President of the United States, at ceremony in New York.[27] After taking the oath of office he bent down and kissed the bible. The Bible came from the closest Masonic Chapter, St. John’s Lodge [28] #1 New York, NY . [29]
April 30, 1802
Thomas Meason becomes county commissioner for Fayette County, Pennsylvania[30]
April 30, 1802: Congress passes the Enabling Act, authorizing territories organized under the Northwest Ordinance to prepare for statehood.[31]
April 30, 1803
Thomas Jefferson's administration concludes the Louisiana Purchase; Jefferson believed that he had secured the United States space for the relocation of Indian tribes.[32] The United States acquires from France 828,000 square miles of land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains, in the Louisiana Purchase.[33]
1804 - April 30 - Litigation at New Madrid: Richard Jones Waters vs. William Hinkson and Benjamin Harrison, Jr. Petition to take negro slave Joe, formerly property of Benjamin Harrison, Sr., into protective custody. Judgment rendered in favor of Waters, May 2, 1804. [34]
* * *
Ste. Genevieve[35] District, Territory of Louisiana
Gen. Harrison moved from New Madrid District to Ste. Genevieve District and had a grant on which is now located the town of Altenberg in southeast Perry County. [36]
April 30, 1863: During the Civil War, President Lincoln issued a proclamation proclaiming Thursday, April 30, 1863 as a National Day of Fasting.[37]
[38]
Sat. April 30[39], 1864
In camp hot day went over town saw
Troops daming[40] red river[41] killed a beef
In cane field all quiet on red river[42]
April 30, 1903
(Pleasant Valley) Mrs. Myrtle Goodlove is on the sick list again.[43]
April 30, 1903
(Jordan’s Grove) Ruth Gray, of Anamosa is visitying with her grand parents Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Goodlove.[44]
April 30, 1903
(Pleasant Valley) Willis Goodlove ran a rusty nail in his foot and is laid up as a result. Willis says troubles never come singly.[45]
April 30, 1914
(South Side News) Mr. and Mrs. Goodlove of Central City were visiting their daughter Mrs. Jessie Bowdish, Monday.[46]
April 30-May 1, 1920: The first institute was to be held in the Buck Creek Church on April 30-May 1. The success of the Buck Creek institute was to be measured by more than just the number of people attending. It was also hoped that the petitions then being reaedied calling for the establishment of the Consolidated Independent District of Buck Creek would be signed in large numbers by those attending the special services on
Sunday, thereby obviating any necessity for doodr to doore canvassing at a time when farmers were beginning their spring field work. Therefore, it was a serious setback when the institute had to be canceled at the last minute because inclement weather rendered local roads impassable. This opportunity by bring in the experst to help generate enthusiasm had been lost. It was unlikely that a new one could or should be scheduled until later in the spring when crops were in the ground. Furthermore, the poor road conditions that had forced the cancellation of the institute also made it difficult to implement a door to door campaign. When the roads finally did improve, farmers would need to be completing their spring plowing. The campaign to form a consolidated school district had to be delayed again.[47]
April 30, 1945
As the Soviet Army advances through the streets of Berlin, Hitler marries his long time mistress, Eva Braun. He waits until the Soviets are only blocks away from his bunker and then shoots himself in the head. [48]
• April 30, 1940: The Lodz ghetto is sealed. [49]
• April 30, 1942: The Jews of Pinsk are ordered to establish a ghetto within one day. About 20,000 Jews move into it.[50]
• April 30, 1942: Twelve hundred Jews are killed in Diatlovo during and Aktion. The Jews offer armed resitance but to no avail.[51]
• April 30, 1945: “…Above all, I call upon the leaders of the nation and all followers to implacably oppose the universal poisoner of all races, the Jews.”
• Adolf Hitler, hours before he committed suicide.
• April 30, 1945: Hitler commits suicide.[52]
[53]
April 30, 1987: Ethel Estelle WINCH was born on 26 July 1903 in Buck Creek, Jones County, Iowa, USA. She died on April 30, 1987 at the age of 83 in Monticello, Jones County, Iowa, USA. She was buried in Oakwood Cemetery, Monticello, Jones County, Iowa, USA. Ethel had Social Security Number 484-24-9168 (Iowa, bef. 1951). Last residence: Monticello, Jones County, Iowa.[54]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
{2}Der judishchen Opfer des Nationalsozialismus
“Ihre Namen mogen nie vergessen werden!”
[2] The History of the Deportation of Jewish citizens to Riga in 1941/1942. Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Scheffler
*-[3] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter
der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035.
[4]French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial by Serge Klarsfeld, Page 733.
[5] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[6] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[7] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
1. [8] ^ Green (1850), p.327
2. [9] ^ a b Green (1850), p.328
3. [10] ^ a b Green (1850), p.328
4. [11] ^ Green (1850), p329.
5. [12] ^ Green 1850, p329
6. [13] ^ a b c d Oxford, p. 626
[15] ^ Green (1850), p.342
[16] wikipedia
[17] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[18] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[19] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[20] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[21] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[22] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[23] Trial by Fire, by Harold Rawlings, page 136.
[24] Letters to Washington and Accompanying Papers. Published by the Society of the Colonial Daes of America. Edited by Stanislaus murray Haamilton. Vol. 04
[25] Valentine Crawford, brother of William, and agent of Col. George Washington, wrote the latter from Fort Fincastle under date of Oct. 1, 1774, in which letter he said," His Lordship arrived here yesterday with about hundred men, seven hundred of whom came by water with his L'd'p. and five hundred came with my brother William by land with the bullocks. His L'd'p has sent him with five hundred men, fifty packhorses, and two hundred bullocks to meet Col. Lewis at the mouth of Hockhocking, below the mouth of Little Kanawha. His Lordship is to go by water with the rest of the troops in a few days." In accordance with the plan mentioned in this letter, Maj. William Crawford proceeded to Hocking, on the Ohio side of the river, and there erected a stockade which was named Fort Gower. Dunmore arriving with the main force in time to assist in the construction of the work.http://www.chartiers.com/pages-new/articles/dunmore.html
[26] http://www.pagrandlodge.org/mlam/presidents/washington.html
[27] ON This Day in America by John Wagman.
[28] Secrets of the Founding Fathers, HISTI, June 29, 2009.
[29] http://www.gwmemorial.org/washington.php
[30] History of Fayette County, Pennsylvania, by Franklin Ellis, 1882
[31] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[32] http://www.milestonedocuments.com/document_detail.php?id=49&more=timeline
[33] On This Day In America by John Wagman.
[34] (New Madrid Archives #1356) Chronology of Benjamin Harrison compiled by Isobel Stebbins Giuvezan. Afton, Missouri, 1973 http://www.shawhan.com/benharrison.html
[35] In St. Genevieve, MO, a little community along the Mississippi River the people are proud of their French heritage. The people in the area keep their old French history alive.
[36] (Douglass, p. 66)
[37] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[38] History of the Nineteenth Army Corps by Richard B. Irwin, 1892
[39] Construction of dam at Alexandria April 30-May 10. UNION IOWA VOLUNTEERS, 24th Regiment, Iowa Infantry: http://www.itd.nps.gov/cwss/template.cfm?unitname=24th%20Regiment%2C%20Iowa%20Infantry&unitcode=UIA0024RI
[40] Alexandria/Pineville; Bailey’s Dam, which Union troops constructed to deepen the Red river so their fleet could escape. The dam was suggested by Colonel Joseph Bailey, a Wisconsin lumberman before the War. (318/443-7049) (Civil War Military Sites) http://www.crt.state.la.us/tourism/civilwar/milsites.htm
Colonel Joseph Bailey
“The U.S. Civil War Out West.” The History Channel.
[41] “At this point appeared the deus ex machine in the person of Colonel Joseph Bailey…”In one of the most imaginative engineering feats of military history, Bailey, using a lumberman’s technique, raised the water level by a series of wing dams, and the fleet completed its passage of the obstacle on May 13.
While this engineering project was going on, Taylor split his small force (5,200) to block the Red River below Alexandria while also maintaining pressure on Banks, who had to remain who had to remain in the latter town to protect the fleet.
The U.S. Civil War Out West, The History Channel
[42] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary.
[43] Winton Goodlove papers.
[44] Winton Goodlove papers.
[45] Winton Goodlove papers.
[46] Winton Goodlove papers.
[47] There Goes the Neighborhood, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 184.
[48] WWII in HD 11/19/2009 History Channel
• [49] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1762.
• [50] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1771.
• [51] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1771.
• [52] Adolf Eichmann: Hitler’s Master of Death.
• 1998. HISTI
[53] Hitler and the Occult, HISTI
[54] http://www.gase.nl/InternettreeUSA/b1018.htm#P37354
Saturday, April 30, 2011
Friday, April 29, 2011
This Day in Goodlove History, April 29
• This Day in Goodlove History, April 29
• By Jeffery Lee Goodlove
• jefferygoodlove@aol.com
•
• Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
•
• The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with -George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.
•
• The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
•
• This project is now a daily blog at:
• http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/
• Goodlove Family History Project Website:
• http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/
•
• Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.
•
• My thanks to Mr. Levin for his outstanding research and website that I use to help us understand the history of our ancestry. Go to http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/ for more information. “For more information about the Weekly Torah Portion or the History of Jewish Civilization go to the Temple Judah Website http://www.templejudah.org/ and open the Adult Education Tab "This Day...In Jewish History " is part of the study program for the Jewish History Study Group in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
•
A point of clarification. If anybody wants to get to the Torah site, they do not have to go thru Temple Judah. They can use http://DownhomeDavarTorah.blogspot.com and that will take them right to it.
The details for the GOODLOVE FAMILY REUNION were mailed Apr 9, 2011. If you haven't received the information and want to attend, please e-mail 11Goodlovereunion@gmail.com to add your name to the mailing list. RSVP's are needed by May 10.
Goodlove Family Reunion
Sunday, June 12, 2011
Pinicon Ridge Park, Central City, Iowa
4729 Horseshoe Falls Road, Central City, Iowa 52214
319-438-6616
www.mycountyparks.com/County/Linn/Park/Pinicon-Ridge-Park
The plans at the 2007 reunion were to wait 5 years to meet again. But hey, we are all aging a bit, so why wait: Because it was so hot with the August date, we are trying June this year. We hope that you and your family will be able to come. This is the same location as 2007 and with the same details. The mailing lists are hard to keep current, so I’m sure I have missed a lot of people. Please ask your relatives if they have the information, and pass this on to any relative who needs it.
Horseshoe Falls Lodge 8 AM to 8 PM. We will set up and clean up (although help is nice).
Please sign the Guest Book. Come early, stay all day, or just for a while.
Food- Hy-Vee will cater chicken & Ham plus coffee/iced tea/lemonade. Please bring a vegetable, appetizer, salad, bread or dessert in the amount you would for any family dinner. For those coming from a distance, there are grocery stores in Marion for food and picnic supplies.
Dinner at Noon. Supper at 5 PM. Please provide your own place settings.
Games-Mary & Joe Goodlove are planning activities for young & ‘not so young’. Play or watch. The Park also has canoes and paddle boats (see website for more information).
Lodging- The park does have campsites and a few cabins. Reservations 319-892-6450 or on-line. There are many motels/hotels in Marion/Cedar Rapids area.
The updated Family tree will be displayed for you to add or modify as needed.
Family albums, scrapbooks or family information. Please bring anything you would like to share. There will be tables for display. If you have any unidentified Goodlove family photos, please bring those too. Maybe someone will bhe able to help.
Your RSVP is important for appropriate food/beverage amounts. Please send both accepts & regrets to Linda Pedersen by May 10.
Something new: To help offset reunion costs (lodge rental/food/postage), please consider a donation of at leat $5 for each person attending. You may send your donation with your RSVP or leave it ‘in the hat’ June 12.
Hope to hear from you soon and see you June 12.
Mail
Linda Pedersen
902 Heiler Court
Eldridge, IA 52748
Call:
563-285-8189 (home)
563-340-1024 (cell)
E-mail:
11goodlovereunion@gmail.com
Pedersen37@mchsi.com
I Get Email!
In a message dated 4/25/2011 10:43:38 A.M. Central Daylight Time, apbowd@intellex.com writes:
Dear Jeff - Greetings again. I noticed a cover of one of Pearl's children's books
and realized I must have sent it to you some time ago. This was
the first of five or six that she wrote. She also did a 4 page Sunday
School paper in Hindi and English for a couple of years.
Her name was Pearl Marvella ( Engstrom ) Bowdish
Rebecca, Benjamin and I thoroughly enjoyed 4 days of hospitality
last week with your Dad and Mom. And we also visited Farmer
Daughter's Market. It was my last visit to Iowa. Next Sunday
I will be 93 .
As Ever A. Bowdish
Al, Glad you got to visit with my Mom and Dad and the Farmers Daughter Market. Sorry I couldn’t get back as I had three concerts that weekend. I was wondering if you knew the titles of the other books Pearl wrote or any other information about them?
In a message dated 4/26/2011 7:23:20 A.M. Central Daylight Time,
Hello Jeffery, I wanted to make sure and wish you a Happy Passover! I hope you and your family are safe and well. I am praying for Israel and her people more intensely than ever. John
John, Thanks you for the nice message. I wish the same for your family. I am sitting here looking at the book "All of the above" that you sent me some time ago. I hope to get through that next after I finish "In Search of the Turkey Foot Road". I was actually mentioned as a source in that book so that was nice. I have been giving History talks as of late at Masonic Lodges and Dinners. I have also resurrected by music career as of late and have been asked to sing at an Italian Restaurant and doing some auditioning for shows, as well as continuing with the Elgin Choral Union and the Baker Methodist Choir. Please keep in touch. Jeff
This Day…
April 29, 1718: [1] Andrew Harrison
Added by joverturf113 on 14 Apr 2008
He died testate in 1718 and named four children in his will.
Will April 29, 1718, St.Mary's Parish, Essex Co. VA.
My beloved wife Eleanor my executrix.
My son Andrew and my son in law Gabriel Long as trustees. Children; William, Andrew and Elizabeth already settled on lands on which they now live;
My dau Margaret Long and three youngest sons viz. Richard and Gabril and William.
Wit: Jno. Ellitts, Wiliam Davison, Mary Davison, November 18, 1718. [1]
April 29, 1776: On this day in 1776, shortly after the American victory at Boston, Massachusetts, General George Washington orders Brigadier General Nathanael Greene to take command of Long Island and set up defensive positions against a possible British attack on New York City.
Greene's troops were arranged to defend themselves against a frontal attack in Brooklyn Heights across from Manhattan. On August 26, 1776, the British took the vast majority of Long Island with ease, as the island's population was heavily Loyalist. On August 27, the troops at Brooklyn Heights disintegrated under an unexpected attack from their left flank. In a British effort to earn goodwill for a negotiated peace, they allowed American survivors to flee to Manhattan. Otherwise, the War for Independence might easily have been quashed less than three months after it began.
Born in Rhode Island in August 1742, Greene was elected to the Rhode Island legislature at the age of 28 in 1770. Overcoming his Quaker scruples against violence and warfare, Greene joined a local militia at the outbreak of the American Revolution in 1774 and was promoted to the rank of brigadier general of the Continental Army by Congress in 1775.
At the siege of Boston in March 1776, Greene was assigned to General Washington's brigade and a lifelong friendship between the two men began. Shortly after several American losses in and around New York in the summer and fall of 1776, Greene was promoted to major general of the Continental Army under Washington.
After leading troops into several successful battles, including the Battle of Trenton in December 1776 and the Battle of Germantown in October 1777, Greene succeeded Thomas Mifflin as quartermaster general in March 1778. Greene was named commander in chief of the Southern Army in October 1778; he commanded troops on the battlefield throughout the rest of the revolution. After twice turning down offers to become secretary of war, Greene retired from the military in 1785. Less than one year later, in June 1786, Greene died at his Georgia home.[2]
April 29, 1778; A pair of stocks, whipping post, pillory in the court house yard and a compleat bar inside the court house ordered to be built.
s. Wm. Goe[3]
Lafayette is not a relative nor do any relatives appear in any of his writing that I am aware of, I just like how he gets involved in every facet of the Revolution, and that he was a fellow Freemason. He has been exceedingly underappreciated historically speaking. Tomorrows rebuttal puts corporate executive emails to shame. JG
FROM GENERAL PHILLIPS TO THE MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE.
(ORIGINAL.)
Camp at Osborn, April 29th, 1781.
Sir,--When I was at Williamsburg, and at Petersburg, I gave several
inhabitants and country people protections for their persons and
properties. I did this without asking, or even considering, whether
these people were either friends or foes, actuated by no other motive
than that of pure humanity. I understand, from almost undoubted
authority, that several of these persons have been taken up by their
malicious neighbours, and sent to your quarters, where preparations are
making for their being ill treated; a report which I sincerely hope may
be without foundation. I repeat to you, sir, that my protections were
given generally from a wish that, in the destruction of public stores,
as little damage as possible might be done to private property, and to
the persons of individuals; but at any rate, I shall insist upon my
signs manual being held sacred, and I am obliged to declare to you,
sir, that if any persons, under the description I have given, receive
ill treatment, I shall be under the necessity of sending to Petersburg,
and giving that chastisement to the illiberal persecutors of innocent
people, which their conduct shall deserve. And I further declare to
you, sir, should any person be put to death, under the pretence of
their being spies of, or friends to, the British government, I will
make the shores of James River an example of terror to the rest of
Virginia. It is from the violent measures, resolutions of the present
house of delegates, council, and governor of Virginia, that I am
impelled to use this language, which the common temper of my
disposition is hurt at. I shall hope that you, sir, whom I have
understood to be a gentleman of liberal principles, will not
countenance, still less permit to be carried into execution, the
barbarous spirit which seems to prevail in the council of the present
civil power of this colony.
I do assure you, sir, I am extremely inclined to carry on this
unfortunate contest with every degree of humanity, and I will believe
you intend doing the same.
I am, sir, your most obedient humble servant,
W. PHILLIPS.
April 29, 1836
Capt. Simon Kenton
By Dale K. Benington, August 4, 2010
1. Capt. Simon Kenton Marker
Inscription.
The Grave of
Capt. Simon Kenton
1755 - 1836
Revolutionary War Soldier
Clark Illinois Regiment, Virginia State Troops
Brigadier General of the Ohio Militia - 1812
Inscription on Gravestone:
In
Memory
of
Gen. Simon Kenton
Who was born April 3rd,
1755, in Culpepper Co. Va.
& Died, April 29th, 1836
Aged 81 years & 26 days.
His Fellow Citizens of the west,
Will long remember him, as
the skillful Pioneer of early
times, the brave soldier, &
the honest Man.
Erected by Urbana Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, and the Champaign County Historical Society.
Location. 40° 6.037′ N, 83° 43.89′ W. Marker is in Urbana, Ohio, in Champaign County. Marker can be reached from Cemetery Lane east of Patrick Avenue (Ohio Route 54), on the left when traveling east. Click for map. This historical marker is located next to the grave of Simon Kenton, in Oakdale Cemetery. Marker is in this post office area: Urbana OH 43078, United States of America. [4]
April 29, 1836
-LOGAN, Parkinson Farm, Rt.533, New Jerusalem, Jefferson Twp. *Simon Kenton's original grave 1836 & cabin cornerstone (historical plaque, cabin stone)
April 29, 1861: The Maryland Legislature votes to remain in the Union.[5]
April 29-30, 1862: Dr. William McKinnon Goodlove (1st cousin, 3 times removed) and the 57th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, advance on and siege of Corinth, Miss., April 29-May 30, 1862.[6]
April 29, May 2, 1863: Dr. William McKinnon Goodlove (1st cousin, 3 times removed) and the 57th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, demonstration on Haines and Drumgould’s Bluffs, April 29-May 2.[7]
Fri. April 29, 1864
All quiet first day for 8 wk without canonadeing made a by breastworks[8]
And dug a well. Got 2 papers from home
Hot day[9]
“The U.S. Civil War Out West” The History Channel
April 29, May 30, 1865: Dr. William McKinnon Goodlove (1st cousin, 3 times removed) and the 57th Ohio Volunteer Infantry March to Washington D.C., via Richmond, Va., April 29, May 30.[10]
April 29, 1865: On April 29, the Iowa 24th Infantry Company B was detailed as an honor guard to escort General Sherman’s train on a flying trip to Wilmington. The regiment had not been paid for eight months, and Captain Rigby did not even have enough money to purchase a paper collar for his dress uniform. Borrowing the only one in the command from Sergeant Lyons and carefully splitting it in two, the Captain was able to make his toilet both going and coming. On the return trip the honor guard unceremoniously beat up a Confederate captain who insulted them.[11][12]
April 29, 1905: Dora Gottlieb Born Seinfeld born April 29, 1905 in Perehinsko resided, Nordau. Deportation: October 28, 1938, after Bentch. Deported. Death date: Unknown.
April 29, 1911: Erich Gottlieb born April 29, 1911. Transport AAm- Olomouc, Terezin July 4, 1942 Dz- May 15, 1944 . Auschwitz. [13]
April 29, 1920:
The campaign for the formation of a consolidated district was the principal community activity in the ‘Buck
Creek Church during the spring of 1920. Grant and the younger members of the Brotherhood took every available opportunity to agitate for the proposal. They argued that consolidation was needed to relieve crowding in the Buck Creek School. While some of the other schools in the area were not yet crowded, it was argued that they soon would be. Buck Creekers had come to believe in the inevitability of their own community success story. As part of what Buck Creekers hoped would be the final push in the successful crusade for consolidation, Grant organized a series of “community life institutes” focusing on rural school consolidation to be held at several locations in Delaware County. The newly created Rural life Department of Upper Iowa University, a Methodist college in Fayette County about fifty miles northwest of Buck Creek, assisted in this venture. [14]
April 29, 1942: The Jews of the Netherlands are ordered to wear the yellow badge.[15]
April 29, 1945: On April 29, 1945 Hitler married Eva in their bunker hideaway. Eva Braun met Hitler while working as an assistant to Hitler's official photographer. Braun spent her time with Hitler out of public view, entertaining herself by skiing and swimming. She had no discernible influence on Hitler's political career but provided a certain domesticity to the life of the dictator. Loyal to the end, she refused to leave the bunker even as the Russians closed in.
Only hours after they were united in marriage, both Hitler and Eva committed suicide. Warned by officers that the Russians were only about a day from overtaking the chancellery and urged to escape to Berchtesgarden, a small town in the Bavarian Alps where Hitler owned a home, the dictator instead chose to take his life. Both he and his wife swallowed cyanide capsules (which had been tested for their efficacy on his "beloved" dog and her pups). For good measure, he shot himself with his pistol.[16]
April 29, 1945: With the collapse of Nazi Germany in April 1945, Mussolini was captured by Italian partisans and on April 29 was executed by firing squad with his mistress, Clara Petacci, after a brief court-martial. Their bodies, brought to Milan, were hanged by the feet in a public square for all the world to see.[17]
April 29, 1942
• The Jews of the Netherlands are ordered to wear the yellow badge.[11][18]
April 29, 1944: Kistarcsa, Hungary, was the site of the first deportation of Jews from Hungary to Birkenau Concentration Camp.[19]
April 29, 1945: The German concentration camp at Dachau is liberated by United States troops.[20]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~harrisonrep/Harrison/d0055/g0000087.html#I1018
[2] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/nathanael-greene-takes-command-of-long-island
[3] From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, page 133.
[4] http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=38277
[5] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[6] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[7] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[8] Barricades.
(Glossary of Slang)
http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~keller/ovi80/work/letter.html
[9] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[10] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[11] Rigby, April 24, 1865; Longley, Annals of Iowa (April, 1895, p. 50. History of the 24th Iowa Infantry by Harvey H Kimball, August 1974, page 201-202.)
[12] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[13] Terezinska Pametni Kniha, Zidovske Obeti Nacistickych Deportaci Z Cech A Moravy 1941-1945 Dil Druhy
[14] There Goes the Neighborhood, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 183-184.+
• [15] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1771.
[16] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/prohibition-takes-effect
[17] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mussolini-founds-the-fascist-party
[18] [11] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1771.
[19] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[20] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
• By Jeffery Lee Goodlove
• jefferygoodlove@aol.com
•
• Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
•
• The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with -George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.
•
• The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
•
• This project is now a daily blog at:
• http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/
• Goodlove Family History Project Website:
• http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/
•
• Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.
•
• My thanks to Mr. Levin for his outstanding research and website that I use to help us understand the history of our ancestry. Go to http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/ for more information. “For more information about the Weekly Torah Portion or the History of Jewish Civilization go to the Temple Judah Website http://www.templejudah.org/ and open the Adult Education Tab "This Day...In Jewish History " is part of the study program for the Jewish History Study Group in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
•
A point of clarification. If anybody wants to get to the Torah site, they do not have to go thru Temple Judah. They can use http://DownhomeDavarTorah.blogspot.com and that will take them right to it.
The details for the GOODLOVE FAMILY REUNION were mailed Apr 9, 2011. If you haven't received the information and want to attend, please e-mail 11Goodlovereunion@gmail.com to add your name to the mailing list. RSVP's are needed by May 10.
Goodlove Family Reunion
Sunday, June 12, 2011
Pinicon Ridge Park, Central City, Iowa
4729 Horseshoe Falls Road, Central City, Iowa 52214
319-438-6616
www.mycountyparks.com/County/Linn/Park/Pinicon-Ridge-Park
The plans at the 2007 reunion were to wait 5 years to meet again. But hey, we are all aging a bit, so why wait: Because it was so hot with the August date, we are trying June this year. We hope that you and your family will be able to come. This is the same location as 2007 and with the same details. The mailing lists are hard to keep current, so I’m sure I have missed a lot of people. Please ask your relatives if they have the information, and pass this on to any relative who needs it.
Horseshoe Falls Lodge 8 AM to 8 PM. We will set up and clean up (although help is nice).
Please sign the Guest Book. Come early, stay all day, or just for a while.
Food- Hy-Vee will cater chicken & Ham plus coffee/iced tea/lemonade. Please bring a vegetable, appetizer, salad, bread or dessert in the amount you would for any family dinner. For those coming from a distance, there are grocery stores in Marion for food and picnic supplies.
Dinner at Noon. Supper at 5 PM. Please provide your own place settings.
Games-Mary & Joe Goodlove are planning activities for young & ‘not so young’. Play or watch. The Park also has canoes and paddle boats (see website for more information).
Lodging- The park does have campsites and a few cabins. Reservations 319-892-6450 or on-line. There are many motels/hotels in Marion/Cedar Rapids area.
The updated Family tree will be displayed for you to add or modify as needed.
Family albums, scrapbooks or family information. Please bring anything you would like to share. There will be tables for display. If you have any unidentified Goodlove family photos, please bring those too. Maybe someone will bhe able to help.
Your RSVP is important for appropriate food/beverage amounts. Please send both accepts & regrets to Linda Pedersen by May 10.
Something new: To help offset reunion costs (lodge rental/food/postage), please consider a donation of at leat $5 for each person attending. You may send your donation with your RSVP or leave it ‘in the hat’ June 12.
Hope to hear from you soon and see you June 12.
Linda Pedersen
902 Heiler Court
Eldridge, IA 52748
Call:
563-285-8189 (home)
563-340-1024 (cell)
E-mail:
11goodlovereunion@gmail.com
Pedersen37@mchsi.com
I Get Email!
In a message dated 4/25/2011 10:43:38 A.M. Central Daylight Time, apbowd@intellex.com writes:
Dear Jeff - Greetings again. I noticed a cover of one of Pearl's children's books
and realized I must have sent it to you some time ago. This was
the first of five or six that she wrote. She also did a 4 page Sunday
School paper in Hindi and English for a couple of years.
Her name was Pearl Marvella ( Engstrom ) Bowdish
Rebecca, Benjamin and I thoroughly enjoyed 4 days of hospitality
last week with your Dad and Mom. And we also visited Farmer
Daughter's Market. It was my last visit to Iowa. Next Sunday
I will be 93 .
As Ever A. Bowdish
Al, Glad you got to visit with my Mom and Dad and the Farmers Daughter Market. Sorry I couldn’t get back as I had three concerts that weekend. I was wondering if you knew the titles of the other books Pearl wrote or any other information about them?
In a message dated 4/26/2011 7:23:20 A.M. Central Daylight Time,
Hello Jeffery, I wanted to make sure and wish you a Happy Passover! I hope you and your family are safe and well. I am praying for Israel and her people more intensely than ever. John
John, Thanks you for the nice message. I wish the same for your family. I am sitting here looking at the book "All of the above" that you sent me some time ago. I hope to get through that next after I finish "In Search of the Turkey Foot Road". I was actually mentioned as a source in that book so that was nice. I have been giving History talks as of late at Masonic Lodges and Dinners. I have also resurrected by music career as of late and have been asked to sing at an Italian Restaurant and doing some auditioning for shows, as well as continuing with the Elgin Choral Union and the Baker Methodist Choir. Please keep in touch. Jeff
This Day…
April 29, 1718: [1] Andrew Harrison
Added by joverturf113 on 14 Apr 2008
He died testate in 1718 and named four children in his will.
Will April 29, 1718, St.Mary's Parish, Essex Co. VA.
My beloved wife Eleanor my executrix.
My son Andrew and my son in law Gabriel Long as trustees. Children; William, Andrew and Elizabeth already settled on lands on which they now live;
My dau Margaret Long and three youngest sons viz. Richard and Gabril and William.
Wit: Jno. Ellitts, Wiliam Davison, Mary Davison, November 18, 1718. [1]
April 29, 1776: On this day in 1776, shortly after the American victory at Boston, Massachusetts, General George Washington orders Brigadier General Nathanael Greene to take command of Long Island and set up defensive positions against a possible British attack on New York City.
Greene's troops were arranged to defend themselves against a frontal attack in Brooklyn Heights across from Manhattan. On August 26, 1776, the British took the vast majority of Long Island with ease, as the island's population was heavily Loyalist. On August 27, the troops at Brooklyn Heights disintegrated under an unexpected attack from their left flank. In a British effort to earn goodwill for a negotiated peace, they allowed American survivors to flee to Manhattan. Otherwise, the War for Independence might easily have been quashed less than three months after it began.
Born in Rhode Island in August 1742, Greene was elected to the Rhode Island legislature at the age of 28 in 1770. Overcoming his Quaker scruples against violence and warfare, Greene joined a local militia at the outbreak of the American Revolution in 1774 and was promoted to the rank of brigadier general of the Continental Army by Congress in 1775.
At the siege of Boston in March 1776, Greene was assigned to General Washington's brigade and a lifelong friendship between the two men began. Shortly after several American losses in and around New York in the summer and fall of 1776, Greene was promoted to major general of the Continental Army under Washington.
After leading troops into several successful battles, including the Battle of Trenton in December 1776 and the Battle of Germantown in October 1777, Greene succeeded Thomas Mifflin as quartermaster general in March 1778. Greene was named commander in chief of the Southern Army in October 1778; he commanded troops on the battlefield throughout the rest of the revolution. After twice turning down offers to become secretary of war, Greene retired from the military in 1785. Less than one year later, in June 1786, Greene died at his Georgia home.[2]
April 29, 1778; A pair of stocks, whipping post, pillory in the court house yard and a compleat bar inside the court house ordered to be built.
s. Wm. Goe[3]
Lafayette is not a relative nor do any relatives appear in any of his writing that I am aware of, I just like how he gets involved in every facet of the Revolution, and that he was a fellow Freemason. He has been exceedingly underappreciated historically speaking. Tomorrows rebuttal puts corporate executive emails to shame. JG
FROM GENERAL PHILLIPS TO THE MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE.
(ORIGINAL.)
Camp at Osborn, April 29th, 1781.
Sir,--When I was at Williamsburg, and at Petersburg, I gave several
inhabitants and country people protections for their persons and
properties. I did this without asking, or even considering, whether
these people were either friends or foes, actuated by no other motive
than that of pure humanity. I understand, from almost undoubted
authority, that several of these persons have been taken up by their
malicious neighbours, and sent to your quarters, where preparations are
making for their being ill treated; a report which I sincerely hope may
be without foundation. I repeat to you, sir, that my protections were
given generally from a wish that, in the destruction of public stores,
as little damage as possible might be done to private property, and to
the persons of individuals; but at any rate, I shall insist upon my
signs manual being held sacred, and I am obliged to declare to you,
sir, that if any persons, under the description I have given, receive
ill treatment, I shall be under the necessity of sending to Petersburg,
and giving that chastisement to the illiberal persecutors of innocent
people, which their conduct shall deserve. And I further declare to
you, sir, should any person be put to death, under the pretence of
their being spies of, or friends to, the British government, I will
make the shores of James River an example of terror to the rest of
Virginia. It is from the violent measures, resolutions of the present
house of delegates, council, and governor of Virginia, that I am
impelled to use this language, which the common temper of my
disposition is hurt at. I shall hope that you, sir, whom I have
understood to be a gentleman of liberal principles, will not
countenance, still less permit to be carried into execution, the
barbarous spirit which seems to prevail in the council of the present
civil power of this colony.
I do assure you, sir, I am extremely inclined to carry on this
unfortunate contest with every degree of humanity, and I will believe
you intend doing the same.
I am, sir, your most obedient humble servant,
W. PHILLIPS.
April 29, 1836
Capt. Simon Kenton
By Dale K. Benington, August 4, 2010
1. Capt. Simon Kenton Marker
Inscription.
The Grave of
Capt. Simon Kenton
1755 - 1836
Revolutionary War Soldier
Clark Illinois Regiment, Virginia State Troops
Brigadier General of the Ohio Militia - 1812
Inscription on Gravestone:
In
Memory
of
Gen. Simon Kenton
Who was born April 3rd,
1755, in Culpepper Co. Va.
& Died, April 29th, 1836
Aged 81 years & 26 days.
His Fellow Citizens of the west,
Will long remember him, as
the skillful Pioneer of early
times, the brave soldier, &
the honest Man.
Erected by Urbana Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, and the Champaign County Historical Society.
Location. 40° 6.037′ N, 83° 43.89′ W. Marker is in Urbana, Ohio, in Champaign County. Marker can be reached from Cemetery Lane east of Patrick Avenue (Ohio Route 54), on the left when traveling east. Click for map. This historical marker is located next to the grave of Simon Kenton, in Oakdale Cemetery. Marker is in this post office area: Urbana OH 43078, United States of America. [4]
April 29, 1836
-LOGAN, Parkinson Farm, Rt.533, New Jerusalem, Jefferson Twp. *Simon Kenton's original grave 1836 & cabin cornerstone (historical plaque, cabin stone)
April 29, 1861: The Maryland Legislature votes to remain in the Union.[5]
April 29-30, 1862: Dr. William McKinnon Goodlove (1st cousin, 3 times removed) and the 57th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, advance on and siege of Corinth, Miss., April 29-May 30, 1862.[6]
April 29, May 2, 1863: Dr. William McKinnon Goodlove (1st cousin, 3 times removed) and the 57th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, demonstration on Haines and Drumgould’s Bluffs, April 29-May 2.[7]
Fri. April 29, 1864
All quiet first day for 8 wk without canonadeing made a by breastworks[8]
And dug a well. Got 2 papers from home
Hot day[9]
“The U.S. Civil War Out West” The History Channel
April 29, May 30, 1865: Dr. William McKinnon Goodlove (1st cousin, 3 times removed) and the 57th Ohio Volunteer Infantry March to Washington D.C., via Richmond, Va., April 29, May 30.[10]
April 29, 1865: On April 29, the Iowa 24th Infantry Company B was detailed as an honor guard to escort General Sherman’s train on a flying trip to Wilmington. The regiment had not been paid for eight months, and Captain Rigby did not even have enough money to purchase a paper collar for his dress uniform. Borrowing the only one in the command from Sergeant Lyons and carefully splitting it in two, the Captain was able to make his toilet both going and coming. On the return trip the honor guard unceremoniously beat up a Confederate captain who insulted them.[11][12]
April 29, 1905: Dora Gottlieb Born Seinfeld born April 29, 1905 in Perehinsko resided, Nordau. Deportation: October 28, 1938, after Bentch. Deported. Death date: Unknown.
April 29, 1911: Erich Gottlieb born April 29, 1911. Transport AAm- Olomouc, Terezin July 4, 1942 Dz- May 15, 1944 . Auschwitz. [13]
April 29, 1920:
The campaign for the formation of a consolidated district was the principal community activity in the ‘Buck
Creek Church during the spring of 1920. Grant and the younger members of the Brotherhood took every available opportunity to agitate for the proposal. They argued that consolidation was needed to relieve crowding in the Buck Creek School. While some of the other schools in the area were not yet crowded, it was argued that they soon would be. Buck Creekers had come to believe in the inevitability of their own community success story. As part of what Buck Creekers hoped would be the final push in the successful crusade for consolidation, Grant organized a series of “community life institutes” focusing on rural school consolidation to be held at several locations in Delaware County. The newly created Rural life Department of Upper Iowa University, a Methodist college in Fayette County about fifty miles northwest of Buck Creek, assisted in this venture. [14]
April 29, 1942: The Jews of the Netherlands are ordered to wear the yellow badge.[15]
April 29, 1945: On April 29, 1945 Hitler married Eva in their bunker hideaway. Eva Braun met Hitler while working as an assistant to Hitler's official photographer. Braun spent her time with Hitler out of public view, entertaining herself by skiing and swimming. She had no discernible influence on Hitler's political career but provided a certain domesticity to the life of the dictator. Loyal to the end, she refused to leave the bunker even as the Russians closed in.
Only hours after they were united in marriage, both Hitler and Eva committed suicide. Warned by officers that the Russians were only about a day from overtaking the chancellery and urged to escape to Berchtesgarden, a small town in the Bavarian Alps where Hitler owned a home, the dictator instead chose to take his life. Both he and his wife swallowed cyanide capsules (which had been tested for their efficacy on his "beloved" dog and her pups). For good measure, he shot himself with his pistol.[16]
April 29, 1945: With the collapse of Nazi Germany in April 1945, Mussolini was captured by Italian partisans and on April 29 was executed by firing squad with his mistress, Clara Petacci, after a brief court-martial. Their bodies, brought to Milan, were hanged by the feet in a public square for all the world to see.[17]
April 29, 1942
• The Jews of the Netherlands are ordered to wear the yellow badge.[11][18]
April 29, 1944: Kistarcsa, Hungary, was the site of the first deportation of Jews from Hungary to Birkenau Concentration Camp.[19]
April 29, 1945: The German concentration camp at Dachau is liberated by United States troops.[20]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~harrisonrep/Harrison/d0055/g0000087.html#I1018
[2] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/nathanael-greene-takes-command-of-long-island
[3] From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, page 133.
[4] http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=38277
[5] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[6] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[7] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[8] Barricades.
(Glossary of Slang)
http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~keller/ovi80/work/letter.html
[9] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[10] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[11] Rigby, April 24, 1865; Longley, Annals of Iowa (April, 1895, p. 50. History of the 24th Iowa Infantry by Harvey H Kimball, August 1974, page 201-202.)
[12] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[13] Terezinska Pametni Kniha, Zidovske Obeti Nacistickych Deportaci Z Cech A Moravy 1941-1945 Dil Druhy
[14] There Goes the Neighborhood, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 183-184.+
• [15] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1771.
[16] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/prohibition-takes-effect
[17] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mussolini-founds-the-fascist-party
[18] [11] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1771.
[19] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[20] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
Thursday, April 28, 2011
This Day in Goodlove History, April 28
This Day in Goodlove History, April 28
• By Jeffery Lee Goodlove
• jefferygoodlove@aol.com
•
• Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
•
• The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with -George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.
•
• The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
•
• This project is now a daily blog at:
• http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/
• Goodlove Family History Project Website:
• http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/
•
• Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.
•
• My thanks to Mr. Levin for his outstanding research and website that I use to help us understand the history of our ancestry. Go to http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/ for more information. “For more information about the Weekly Torah Portion or the History of Jewish Civilization go to the Temple Judah Website http://www.templejudah.org/ and open the Adult Education Tab "This Day...In Jewish History " is part of the study program for the Jewish History Study Group in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
•
A point of clarification. If anybody wants to get to the Torah site, they do not have to go thru Temple Judah. They can use http://DownhomeDavarTorah.blogspot.com and that will take them right to it.
The details for the GOODLOVE FAMILY REUNION were mailed Apr 9, 2011. If you haven't received the information and want to attend, please e-mail 11Goodlovereunion@gmail.com to add your name to the mailing list. RSVP's are needed by May 10.
Goodlove Family Reunion
Sunday, June 12, 2011
Pinicon Ridge Park, Central City, Iowa
4729 Horseshoe Falls Road, Central City, Iowa 52214
319-438-6616
www.mycountyparks.com/County/Linn/Park/Pinicon-Ridge-Park
The plans at the 2007 reunion were to wait 5 years to meet again. But hey, we are all aging a bit, so why wait: Because it was so hot with the August date, we are trying June this year. We hope that you and your family will be able to come. This is the same location as 2007 and with the same details. The mailing lists are hard to keep current, so I’m sure I have missed a lot of people. Please ask your relatives if they have the information, and pass this on to any relative who needs it.
Horseshoe Falls Lodge 8 AM to 8 PM. We will set up and clean up (although help is nice).
Please sign the Guest Book. Come early, stay all day, or just for a while.
Food- Hy-Vee will cater chicken & Ham plus coffee/iced tea/lemonade. Please bring a vegetable, appetizer, salad, bread or dessert in the amount you would for any family dinner. For those coming from a distance, there are grocery stores in Marion for food and picnic supplies.
Dinner at Noon. Supper at 5 PM. Please provide your own place settings.
Games-Mary & Joe Goodlove are planning activities for young & ‘not so young’. Play or watch. The Park also has canoes and paddle boats (see website for more information).
Lodging- The park does have campsites and a few cabins. Reservations 319-892-6450 or on-line. There are many motels/hotels in Marion/Cedar Rapids area.
The updated Family tree will be displayed for you to add or modify as needed.
Family albums, scrapbooks or family information. Please bring anything you would like to share. There will be tables for display. If you have any unidentified Goodlove family photos, please bring those too. Maybe someone will bhe able to help.
Your RSVP is important for appropriate food/beverage amounts. Please send both accepts & regrets to Linda Pedersen by May 10.
Something new: To help offset reunion costs (lodge rental/food/postage), please consider a donation of at leat $5 for each person attending. You may send your donation with your RSVP or leave it ‘in the hat’ June 12.
Hope to hear from you soon and see you June 12.
Mail
Linda Pedersen
902 Heiler Court
Eldridge, IA 52748
Call:
563-285-8189 (home)
563-340-1024 (cell)
E-mail:
11goodlovereunion@gmail.com
Pedersen37@mchsi.com
I Get Email!
In a message dated 4/27/2011 1:10:56 P.M. Central Daylight Time, newsletter@fvjn.org writes:
Movie Recommendation
Thursday, April 28, 9:00 p.m., WTTW, Channel 11 (Chicago)
Movie "Prisoner of Her Past"
This new film examines a secret childhood trauma that resurfaces, 60 years later, to unravel the life of Holocaust survivor Sonia Reich. The film follows her son, Chicago Tribune jazz critic Howard Reich, as he journeys across the U.S. and Eastern Europe to uncover why his mother believes the world is conspiring to kill her. Along the way, he finds a family he never knew he had. The documentary examines the disorder's devastating effect on families, but also shows programs that are aiding young trauma survivors of Hurricane Katrina, in New Orleans, and how such early interventions may have helped Howard's mother.
There is also a book published with the same title. Very moving.
Elgin Holocaust Performance
The Elgin Cultural Arts Commission is proud to present a staged reading of a new drama in its Page to Stage series:
Broken Glass by Christopher Bibby
The story takes place in Berlin in 1938 in the days surrounding Kristallnacht. The longstanding friendship between Martin Hottl, a Catholic cobbler, and Jozef Pac'zynski, a Jewish shopkeeper, is put to the ultimate test in these dangerous times.
This reading is presented in recognition of Holocaust Remembrance Day and will take place on April 29 & 30, 2011, at 7:30 pm and May 1, 2011, at 1:00 pm at the
Elgin Art Showcase, 8th Floor of the Professional Building, 164 Division Street, Elgin, Illinois. This event is free to the public.
Audiences will have an opportunity to speak to the playwright and actors at an informal reception after performances at Villa Verone, 13 Douglas Avenue, Elgin.
DID YOU KNOW...?”
The Word "Sabbath"
Not only did the Jewish people give the world the Sabbath . . . but we gave the world the WORD "Sabbath!" The three letter root of the word "Shabbat" is always associated with "resting." In fact, in the account of the creation of the world we're told: "And God rested (VaYishbot) on the seventh day." The root is used as a verb. So . . . the Hebrew noun meaning the "day of rest" is Shabbat, which has come into English as Sabbath, into French, Spanish, Dutch, German, and other languages as Sabbat, Italian as Sabato and on and on.
In the early days of the Soviet Union, people were expected to volunteer to work for the State on the Russian Sabbath, building roads and public buildings - they were called, in Russian, Sabotnik - meaning "someone who works on the Sabbath." (There are many Jews who have "Sabotnik" as their family name.) In modern Hebrew, a labor strike is called "Shvitah" - from the same root ("V" and "B" are the same letter). Other words based on the root are, Shabbaton (A Weekend Retreat), and Sabbatical (an academic leave of absence - or the Sabbatical Year described in the Torah).
April 28, 66 A.D.: After stealing money from the Temple Treasury, the Roman Procurator Gessius Florus allowed his troops to “loot the Upper Market” of Jerusalem. He also unleashed his Cohorts on the crowds of Jews who gathered to protest the theft. This would prove to be the precipitating event that would start the Great Revolt which would end in disaster for the Jewish people.[1]
66 A.D.
A full scale Jewish Revolt had broken out in Palestine in 66 A.D. under the rule of the Roman governor Gessius Florus. Jerusalem fell into the control of several rebel factions. Nero had appointed a Spanish general Vespasian, to crush the revolt and several legions poured into the country. [2]
66 A.D.
Eusebius and Epiphanius preserved a tradition that the Jerusalem followers of Jesus, now led by Simon son of Clophas, fled the city of Jerusalem just before siege in response to an “oracle given by revelation before the war”. They reported that the followers settled in the area of the Decapolis city of Pella, on the other side of the Jordan in the mountains of Gilead. Although some scholars have questioned the historical reliability of this tradition there is strong evidence in its favor. As we have seen, the book of Revelation, dating to the time of Nero and the Jewish Revolt, portrays the church as a “woman” who flees into the wilderness “to her place” where she is nourished for three and a half years (Revelation 12:14). In the book of Revelation Nero is the “Best” with the mysterious number 666 and it was indeed Nero who both persecuted the Christians after the fire in Rome and sent Vespasian to wquell the Jewish Revolt in 66 A.D..[3]
Pella, the region to which they are saed to have fled, is just a few milesw north of the biblical “Wadi Cherith,” the traditional place where Elijah hid from danger and very likely the area where Jesus had spent the last winter of his life hiding from Herod Antipas, the “Jesus hideout” in Jordan. If Simon, leader of the group at this time, was in fact the brother of Jesus as James Tabor has argued, the flight in 66 A.D. would be a return visit for him after forty years.[4]
Judas the Galilean last surviving son, Menahem, captured from the Romans the stronghgold of Masada and attemptedin 66 A.D., at the beginning of the first Jewish War, to assert his supreme authority among the rebels by entering the Temple in royal apparel. However, he and most of his followerxsx died in the feud which raged at that time between the various revolutionary factions in Jerusalem. One of those who escapted the massacre was another descendant
66 and 67 A.D.
During Paul’s second imprisonment (66-67 A.D.), he wrote his second letter to Timothy. Paul encouraged Timothy to be steadfast in the ministry, while reflecting on his own soon to be completed ministry. 2 Timothy 1:1-18.[5]
67 C.E.
The ruins of two well preserved first century villages in the Galilee, Gamla and Yodefat, havwe also provided important information. All the inhabitants were dispersed bgy the Romans in 67 C.E. during a Jewish revolt. Because of this, the villages can be quite accurately dated, and thus have offered up furether clues concerning how simple Jewish peasants lived in the years just before the destructyion of the Second Temple. In Cana, another town to the north of Sepphoris that survived into the second century E.E., excavators have recently found a late first century synagogue.[6]
67 and 70 A.D.
Between 67 and 70 A.D., a group of Jewish Christians were tempted to return to Judaism. The author of Hebrews (perhaps Barnabas, Apollos or Paul) wrote to convince thses Jewish Christians of the superiority of Christ and to warn them of the serious dangers of apostasy. Hebrews 1:1-14[7]
According to later Christian tradition, Paul was beheaded in Rome during the reign of Nero, which would be sometime before 68 A.D.[8]
68 A.D.
Josephus was put in charge of the Jewish forces in Glilee but by 68 A.D. Vespasian had crushed all opposition and moved south into Judea to lay siege to Jerusalem. Josephus surrendered and ended up on intimate terms with Vespasian, even advising him in the war effort, having become convinced that Jewish opposition was futile and disastrous. When Nero committed suicide in 68 A.D. three successive Roman generals made a bid to become emperor. General Galva marched in from Spain, and the Senate accepted him as emperor, but Otho, an influential senator, had him assassinated by the palace guard and declared himself emperor. General Vitellius, recognizing the opportunity, immediately marched down from Germany to Rome with his legions, forcing Otho to commit suicide, and becoming emperor himself. In the Vespacian decided to act. He left the war in Judea and the siege of Jerusalem in the hads of his son Titus and traveled to Rome to challenge Vitellius. Vitellius tried to flee but was killed by troops loyal to Vespasian and the the Senate declated Vespasian emperor. [9]
69 A.D.
When James was killed in 62 A.D., Based On Daniel’s prediuctions, the followers of Jesus had calculated a final seven year period. They evidently left the city halfway into that period, or in the year 66 A.D. calculating that the “end” would come three and a half years later in 69 A.D. [10]
April 28, 70 A.D.: Following an early repulse of his forces, the Roman Legions commanded by Titus retake and destroy Jerusalem’s middle wall. The Romans followed this victory by quickly building a wall that will surround the city, cutting off all shipments of food and causing increased starvation among the Jewish defenders.[11]
Spring 70 A.D.
Jerusalem was surrounded by four Roman legions, the Fifteenth that Titus had brought up from Egypt, and the Fifth, Tenth, and Twelfth that Vewspasian had mustered from Syria. Including auxiliary troops the Roman forces numbered over 50,000. The city was cut off from supplies and by the spring of A.D. 70 severe famine had set in. Josephus reports that some even resorted to cannibalism, and chaos reigned inside the besieged city. Those who sought to escape were captured and crucified. According to Josephus, who had now joined Vespasian campted on the Mount of Olives before the city, as many as five hundred per day were captured and crucified in order to terrorize those inside and force surrender. Vespasian’;s troops had stripped the land all around Jerusalem of trees in order to get enough wood for all the crosses. The Zealots that controlled the local population trapped inside refused all offers.[12]
April 28, 1192: Conrad I, newly crowned King of Jerusalem was assassinated in Tyre only days after ascending the throne. According to one source, the assassins were Moslems who may have been in the pay of Conrad’s Christian enemies. The whole affair of Conrad’s selection during the time of the Third Crusade points to the fact that these were not noble religious adventures at all. This makes the treatment of the Jews during this period all the more despicable.[13]
The name Conrad taken in this perspective could have had reference as a namesake to our Conrad Goodlove, born 1793. If this allusion is correct than it makes for a fascinating story, if it isn’t than…it’s still a fascinating story.
Conrad of Montferrat
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Conrad of Montferrat (or Conrad I of Jerusalem) (Italian: Corrado di Monferrato; Piedmontese: Conrà ëd Monfrà) (mid-1140s – 28 April 1192) was a northern Italian nobleman, one of the major participants in the Third Crusade. He was the de facto King of Jerusalem, by marriage, from 24 November 1190, but officially elected only in 1192, days before his death. He was also marquis of Montferrat from 1191.
Early life
Conrad was the second son of Marquis William V of Montferrat, "the Elder", and his wife Judith of Babenberg. He was a first cousin of Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, Louis VII of France and Leopold V of Austria.
Conrad was born in Montferrat, which is now a region of Piedmont, in northwest Italy. The exact place and year are unknown. He is first mentioned in a charter in 1160, when serving at the court of his maternal uncle, Conrad, Bishop of Passau, later Archbishop of Salzburg. (He may have been named after him, or after his mother's half-brother, Conrad III of Germany.)
A handsome man, with great personal courage and intelligence, he was described in the Brevis Historia Occupationis et Amissionis Terræ Sanctæ ("A Short History of the Occupation and Loss of the Holy Land"):
Conrad was vigorous in arms, extremely clever both in natural mental ability and by learning, amiable in character and deed, endowed with all the human virtues, supreme in every council, the fair hope of his own side and a blazing lightning-bolt to the foe, capable of pretence and dissimulation in politics, educated in every language, in respect of which he was regarded by the less articulate to be extremely fluent. In one thing alone was he regarded as blameworthy: that he had seduced another's wife away from her living husband, and made her separate from him, and married her himself.[1]
(The last sentence alludes to his third marriage to Isabella of Jerusalem in 1190, for which see below.)
He was active in diplomacy from his twenties, and became an effective military commander, campaigning alongside other members of his family in the struggles with the Lombard League. He first married an unidentified lady, possibly a daughter of Count Meinhard I of Görz (It: Gorizia), before 1179, but she was dead by the end of 1186, without leaving any surviving issue.
Byzantine Empire
In 1179, following the family's alliance with Manuel I Comnenos, Conrad led an army against Frederick Barbarossa's forces, then commanded by the imperial Chancellor, Archbishop Christian of Mainz. He defeated them at Camerino in September, taking the Chancellor hostage. (He had previously been a hostage of the Chancellor.) He left the captive in his brother Boniface's care and went to Constantinople to be rewarded by the Emperor,[2] returning to Italy shortly after Manuel's death in 1180. Now in his mid-thirties, his personality and good looks made a striking impression at the Byzantine court: Niketas Choniates describes him as "of beautiful appearance, comely in life's springtime, exceptional and peerless in manly courage and intelligence, and in the flower of his body's strength".[3]
In the winter of 1186–1187, Isaac II Angelus offered his sister Theodora, as a bride to Conrad's younger brother Boniface, to renew the Byzantine alliance with Montferrat, but Boniface was married. Conrad, recently widowed, had taken the cross, intending to join his father in the Kingdom of Jerusalem; instead, he accepted Isaac's offer and returned to Constantinople in spring 1187. On his marriage, he was awarded the rank of Caesar. However, almost immediately, he had to help the Emperor defend his throne against a revolt, led by General Alexios Branas. According to Choniates, Conrad inspired the weak Emperor to take the initiative. He fought heroically in the battle in which Branas was killed, without shield or helmet, and wearing a linen cuirass instead of mail. He was slightly wounded in the shoulder, but unhorsed Branas, who was then killed and beheaded by his bodyguards.[4]
However, feeling that his service had been insufficiently rewarded, wary of Byzantine anti-Latin sentiment (his youngest brother Renier had been murdered in 1182) and of possible vengeance-seeking by Branas's family, Conrad set off for the Kingdom of Jerusalem in July 1187 aboard a Genoese merchant vessel. Some popular modern histories have claimed that he was fleeing vengeance after committing a private murder: this is due to a failure to recognise Branas's name, garbled into "Lyvernas" in the Old French Continuation of William of Tyre (sometimes known as The Chronicle of Ernoul), and Roger of Howden's abridgement of his own Gesta regis Henrici Secundi (formerly attributed to Benedict of Peterborough). Roger had initially referred to Conrad "having slain a prominent nobleman in a rebellion" — meaning Branas; in his Chronica, he condensed this to "having committed homicide", omitting the context.
Defence of Tyre
Conrad arrives at Tyre: marginal sketch in late 12C Brevis Historia Regni Hierosolymitani, a continuation of the Annals of Genoa (Bib. Nat. Française)
Conrad evidently intended to join his father, who held the castle of St Elias. He arrived first off Acre, which had recently fallen to Saladin (Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb), and so sailed north to Tyre, where he found the remnants of the Crusader army. After his victory at the Battle of Hattin over the army of Jerusalem, Saladin was on the march north, and had already captured Acre, Sidon, and Beirut. Raymond III of Tripoli and his stepsons, Reginald of Sidon and several other leading nobles who had escaped the battle had fled to Tyre, but most were anxious to return to their own territories to defend them. Raymond of Tripoli was in failing health, and died soon after he went home.
According to the Old French Continuation of William of Tyre, Reginald of Sidon had taken charge in Tyre and was in the process of negotiating its surrender with Saladin. Conrad allegedly threw Saladin's banners into the ditch, and made the Tyrians swear total loyalty to him. His rise to power seems to have been less dramatic in reality. Reginald went to refortify his own castle of Belfort on the Litani River. With the support of the established Italian merchant communities in the city, Conrad re-organised the defence of Tyre, setting up a commune, similar to those he had so often fought against in Italy.
When Saladin's army arrived they found the city well-defended and defiant. As the chronicler Ibn al-Athir wrote of the man the Arabs came to respect and fear as "al-Markis": "He was a devil incarnate in his ability to govern and defend a town, and a man of extraordinary courage". Tyre successfully withstood the siege, and desiring more profitable conquest, Saladin's army moved on south to Caesarea, Arsuf, and Jaffa. Meanwhile, Conrad sent Joscius, Archbishop of Tyre, to the West in a black-sailed ship, bearing appeals for aid. Arabic writers claimed that he also carried propaganda pictures to use in his preaching, including one of the horses of Saladin's army stabled (and urinating) in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and another of a Saracen slapping Christ's face.
In November 1187, Saladin returned for a second siege of Tyre. Conrad was still in command of the city, which was now heavily fortified and filled with Christian refugees from across the north of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. This time Saladin opted for a combined ground and naval assault, setting up a blockade of the harbour. In an incident described by the Itinerarium Peregrinorum (which is generally hostile to Conrad), the Old French Continuation and Sicardus of Cremona's second chronicle (now known through quotations by Salimbene di Adam and Alberto Millioli), Saladin presented Conrad's aged father, William V of Montferrat, who had been captured at Hattin, before the walls of the city. He offered to release William and bestow great gifts upon Conrad if he surrendered Tyre. The old man told his son to stand firm, even when the Egyptians threatened to kill him. Conrad declared that William had lived a long life already, and aimed at him with a crossbow himself. Saladin allegedly said, "This man is an unbeliever and very cruel". But he had succeeded in calling Saladin's bluff: the old Marquis William was released, unharmed, at Tortosa in 1188, and returned to his son.
On December 30, Conrad's forces launched a dawn raid on the weary Egyptian sailors, capturing many of their galleys. The remaining Egyptian ships tried to escape to Beirut, but the Tyrian ships gave chase, and the Egyptians were forced to beach their ships and flee. Saladin then launched an assault on the landward walls, thinking that the defenders were still distracted by the sea battle. However, Conrad led his men in a charge out of the gates and broke the enemy: Hugh of Tiberias distinguished himself in the battle. Saladin was forced to pull back yet again, burning his siege engines and ships to prevent them from falling into enemy hands.
Struggle for the crown
The Near East, 1190, at the outset of the Third Crusade
In summer 1188, Saladin released Guy of Lusignan, the husband of Queen Sibylla of Jerusalem, from captivity. A year later, in 1189, Guy, accompanied by his brother Geoffrey, appeared at Tyre and demanded that Conrad hand over the keys to the city to him. Conrad refused this demand, and declared that Guy had forfeited his rights to be king of Jerusalem at the Battle of Hattin. He said that he was holding the city until the arrival of the kings from Europe. By this, he was invoking the terms of Baldwin IV's will, terms already broken by Guy and Sibylla: in the event of the death of his nephew Baldwin V it had been Baldwin's will that Baldwin V's "most rightful heirs" were to hold the regency until the succession could be settled by the King of England, the King of France, and the Holy Roman Emperor. Conrad would not allow Guy and Sibylla to enter the city, but did allow them to camp outside Tyre's walls with their retainers.
Conrad was persuaded by his cousin once-removed, Louis III, Landgraf of Thuringia, to join Guy in the Siege of Acre in 1189. The siege lasted for over two years. In summer 1190, Conrad travelled north to Antioch to lead another young kinsman, Frederick of Swabia, safely back to Acre with the remnants of his cousin Frederick Barbarossa's imperial army.
When Queen Sibylla and their daughters died of disease later that year, Guy, who had only held the crown matrimonial, no longer had a legal claim to the throne — but refused to step aside. The heiress of Jerusalem was Isabella of Jerusalem, Queen Sibylla's half-sister, who was married to Humphrey IV of Toron, of whom she was fond. However, Conrad had the support of her mother Maria Comnena and stepfather Balian of Ibelin, as well as Reginald of Sidon and other major nobles of Outremer. They obtained an annulment on the grounds that Isabella had been under-age at the time of the marriage and had not been able to give consent. Conrad then married Isabella himself, despite rumours of bigamy because of his marriage to Theodora, who was still alive. (However, Choniates, who usually expresses strong disapproval of marital/sexual irregularities, makes no mention of this. This may imply that a divorce had been effected from the Byzantine side before 1190, by which time it was obvious that Conrad would not be returning.) There were also objections on grounds of canonical 'incest', since Conrad's brother had previously been married to Isabella's half-sister, and Church law regarded this kind of "affinity" as equal to a blood-relationship. However, the Papal Legate, Ubaldo Lanfranchi, Archbishop of Pisa, gave his approval. (Opponents claimed he had been bribed.) The marriage, on 24 November 1190, was conducted by Philip of Dreux, Bishop of Beauvais — son of Conrad's cousin Robert I of Dreux. Conrad was now de jure King of Jerusalem. However, he had been wounded in battle only nine days previously, and returned with his bride to Tyre to recover. He came back to the siege in spring, making an unsuccessful sea-attack against the Tower of Flies at the harbour entrance.
As Guy was a vassal of Richard I of England for his lands in Poitou, Richard supported him in this political struggle, while Conrad was supported by his cousin Leopold V of Austria and cousin once-removed Philip II of France. Conrad acted as chief negotiator in the surrender of Acre, and raised the kings' banners in the city. Afterwards, the parties attempted to come to an agreement. Guy was confirmed as king of Jerusalem, and Conrad was made his heir. Conrad would retain the cities of Tyre, Beirut, and Sidon, and his heirs would inherit Jerusalem on Guy's death. In July 1191 Conrad's kinsman, King Philip, decided to return to France, but before he left he turned over half the treasure plundered from Acre to Conrad, along with all his prominent Muslim hostages. King Richard asked Conrad to hand over the hostages, but Conrad refused as long as he could. After he finally relented (since Richard was now leader of the Crusade), Richard had all the hostages killed. Conrad did not join Richard on campaign to the south, preferring to remain with his wife Isabella in Tyre — believing his life to be in danger. It was probably around this time that Conrad's father died.
During that winter, Conrad opened direct negotiations with Saladin, suspecting that Richard's next move would be to attempt to wrest Tyre from him and restore it to the royal domain for Guy. His primary aim was to be recognised as ruler in the north, while Saladin (who was simultaneously negotiating with Richard for a possible marriage between his brother Al-Adil and Richard's widowed sister Joan, Dowager Queen of Sicily) hoped to separate him from the Crusaders. The situation took a farcical turn when Richard's envoy, Isabella's ex-husband Humphrey of Toron, spotted Conrad's envoy, Reginald of Sidon, out hawking with Al-Adil. There seems to have been no conclusive agreement with Conrad, and Joan refused marriage to a Muslim.
Assassination
In April 1192, the kingship was put to the vote. To Richard's consternation, the barons of the Kingdom of Jerusalem unanimously elected Conrad as King. Richard sold Guy the lordship of Cyprus (where he continued to use a king's title) to compensate him and deter him from returning to Poitou, where his family had long had a reputation for rebelliousness. Richard's nephew Henry II of Champagne brought the news of the election result to Tyre on 24 April, then returned to Acre.
But Conrad was never crowned. Around late morning or noon on 28 April, Isabella, who was pregnant, was late in returning from the hammam to dine with him, so he went to eat at the house of his kinsman and friend, Philip, Bishop of Beauvais. The bishop had already eaten, so Conrad returned home. On his way, he was attacked by two Hashshashin, who stabbed him at least twice in the side and back. His guards killed one of his attackers and captured the other. It is not certain how long Conrad survived. Some sources claimed he died at the scene of the attack, or in a nearby church, within a very short time. Richard's chroniclers claimed that he was taken home, received the last rites, and urged Isabella to give the city over only to Richard or his representative: this death-bed scene is open to doubt. He was buried in Tyre, in the Church of the Hospitallers. "[T]he Frankish marquis, the ruler of Tyre, and the greatest devil of all the Franks, Conrad of Montferrat — God damn him! — was killed," wrote Ibn al-Athir. Certainly, the loss of a potentially formidable king was a blow to the kingdom.
The murder remains unsolved. Under torture, the surviving Hashshashin claimed that Richard was behind the killing, though this is impossible to prove. A less likely suspect was Humphrey IV of Toron, Isabella's first husband. Saladin's involvement has also been alleged, but as Conrad was in the middle of negotiations with him, this also seems unlikely; Saladin himself had no love for the Hashshashin. In 1970, Patrick A. Williams argued a plausible case for Henry of Champagne's guilt, but if so, it is difficult to imagine him taking such a bold step without his uncle Richard's approval.
Later, while returning from the crusade in disguise, Richard was recognised by Meinhard II of Görz, who is described as Conrad's nephew (which suggests the identity of his first wife), and then imprisoned by Conrad's cousin, Leopold V of Austria. Conrad's murder was one of the charges against him. Richard requested that the Hashshashin vindicate him, and in a letter allegedly from their leader, Rashid al-Din Sinan, they appeared to do so. The letter claimed that in 1191, Conrad had captured a Hashshashin ship that had sought refuge in Tyre during a storm. He killed the captain, imprisoned the crew, and stripped the ship of its treasure. When Rashid al-Din Sinan requested that the ship's crew and treasure be returned, he was rebuffed, and so a death sentence was issued for Conrad of Montferrat. However, this letter is believed to have been forged: Sinan was already dead, and apart from this letter and the chronicle entries based upon it, there is no other evidence for the Hashashin being involved in shipping. The timing of the murder, and its consequences — the pregnant Isabella was married off to Henry of Champagne only seven days later, much to the disgust of Muslim commentators — suggest that the chief motive may be sought in Frankish politics.
Family
Conrad's brother Boniface was the leader of the Fourth Crusade and a notable patron of troubadours, as was their sister Azalaïs, Marchioness of Saluzzo. Their youngest brother Renier was a son-in-law of Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus, and the eldest, William, had been the first husband of Sibylla and father of Baldwin V of Jerusalem. Conrad was also briefly Marquis of Montferrat, following his father's death in 1191. In Montferrat he was succeeded by Boniface, but his own heiress was born posthumously: a daughter Maria of Montferrat, 'La Marquise', who in 1205 became Queen of Jerusalem on Isabella's death, but died young in childbirth. Conrad's ex-wife, Theodora, was still living in the mid-late 1190s, when she was having the monastery of Dalmatios converted into a convent, possibly for her own residence.
Role in fiction, film and art
The Monferrine court was Occitan in its literary culture, and provided patronage to numerous troubadors. Bertran de Born and Peirol mention Conrad in songs composed at the time of the Third Crusade (see external links below). He was seen as a heroic figure, the noble defender of Tyre — the "Marqués valens e pros" ("the valiant and worthy Marquis") as Peirol called him. In Carmina Burana 50: Heu, voce flebili cogor enarrare, he is described as "marchio clarissimus, vere palatinus" ("the most famous Marquis, truly a paladin"). However, subsequently, the long-term prejudice of popular English-language writing towards Richard I and his "Lionheart" myth has adversely affected portrayals of Conrad in English-language fiction and film. Because Richard (and his chroniclers) opposed his claim to the throne, he is generally depicted negatively, even when Richard himself is treated with some scepticism. A rare exception to this is the epic poem Cœur de Lion (1822), by Eleanor Anne Porden, in which he is depicted as a tragic Byronic hero.
An entirely fictionalised, unambiguously wicked version of Conrad appears in Walter Scott's The Talisman, misspelled as 'Conrade of Montserrat' (the novelist apparently misreading 'f' as a long 's' in his sources) and described as a "marmoset" and "popinjay". He is also a villain in Maurice Hewlett's fanciful The Life and Death of Richard Yea-and-Nay (1900). He appears briefly, again in a negative light, in Ronald Welch's Knight Crusader (1954): the description owes much to his portrayal in Cecil B. de Mille's The Crusades, mentioned below. The nadir of his fictional appearances is in Graham Shelby's 1970 novel The Kings of Vain Intent. In this, he is thoroughly demonised — depicted as a sinister figure, physically resembling a vampire; in a chapter added by the author to the U.S. edition, he beats and rapes Isabella. These works reflect the later Renaissance and Gothic novel cultural/ethnic stereotype of the 'Machiavellian' Italian: corrupt, scheming, dandified, not averse to poisoning, even (as in Shelby's novel) sexually sadistic. In contrast, the Russian-born French novelist Zoé Oldenbourg gives him a more positive but fleeting cameo-role — proud, strong, and as handsome as Choniates described him — in her 1946 novel Argile et Cendres (Clay and Ashes, published in English as The World Is Not Enough in 1948). He is the hero of Luigi Gabotto's 1968 novel Corrado di Monferrato, which covers his whole career. Another sympathetic portrayal is in Alan Gordon's mystery novel, The Widow of Jerusalem (2003), which investigates his murder.
In film, he has been consistently depicted as a villain, and with scant regard for accuracy. In Cecil B. de Mille's 1935 film The Crusades, he is played by Joseph Schildkraut as a scheming traitor, plotting Richard's death with Prince John in England at a time when he was actually already defending Tyre. The 1954 film King Richard and the Crusaders, loosely based on The Talisman, similarly depicts him as a villain, played by Michael Pate. Egyptian director Youssef Chahine's 1963 film Al Nasser Salah Ad-Din also shows Scott's influence in its hostility towards Conrad (played by Mahmoud El-Meliguy) and Philip, while depicting Richard more favourably.
On television, he was played by Michael Peake in the 1962 British television series Richard the Lionheart, which derived some of its plotlines loosely from Scott's The Talisman. In the more faithful 1980–1981 BBC serialisation of The Talisman, he was played by Richard Morant.
In painting and drawing, Conrad figures in a small contemporary manuscript sketch of his ship sailing to Tyre in the Annals of Genoa, and various illustrations to Scott's The Talisman. There is an imaginary portrait of him, c. 1843, by François-Édouard Picot for the Salles des Croisades at Versailles: it depicts him as a handsome, rather pensive man in his forties, wearing a coronet and fanciful pseudo-mediæval costume. He is shown with dark hair and beard; it is more likely that, like his father and at least two of his brothers, he was blond.
In the game Assassin's Creed, set in 1191 during the height of the Crusades, William V of Montferrat, father of Conrad of Montferrat, is one of nine Templars the main character must assassinate. This is based on the real life death of Conrad, who was assassinated by the real life Hashshashin.
Persondata
Name
Conrad Of Montferrat
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth
Place of birth
Date of death
28 April 1192
Place of death
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_of_Montferrat"
April 28, 1718
The Will OF ANDREW HARRISON of St Mary ‘a Parish, Essex County,
Virginia, was dated April 28, 1718; proved in Essex’ County Court,
November 18, 1718, December 16, 1718 and March 17, 1718 (1718-19).
“Being grown very aged. & at this time, sick & weak in body, but in perfect sense and memory—” After the usual expressions of Christian faith in the atonement and resurrection, and the committal of his body to the ground at the discretion of his executors, provision? for the payment of. debts and funeral charges, he disposed of his estate as follows: Wife, Eleanor Harrison is named as executrix; son Andrew Harrison, and son-in-law. Gabriel Long are named as trustees and overseers to assist her in carrying out the provisions of the will; he ratifies former gifts of land to three of his children, viz, son William Harrison, 270. acres; son Andrew Harrison. 200 acres, and daughter Elizabetli, 200 acres, “all of which
lands, they are now possessed, and which I now give to them & theirs forever.’? * lie refers to having put into the hands Of William Stanard, bills of exchange for Sixty five pounds, twelve shillings and Six pence, sterling, with which said Stanard is to buy two negroes for said Harrison; the use of these two negroes,. or that money, to testator’s wife~ during life or widowhood, and after her decease, the negroes or the money to daughter Margaret Long ‘a three youngest sons, viz: Richard; Gabriel, and: William (Long), to be given and equally divided between them and their heirs as soon as they are 21 years old. * If wife dies before either of the three mentioned Long children come of age, then testator’s son in law, Gabriel Long, to have use thereof, until that ~specified time, and for the use’’. thereof, he is to give the said three Long children ‘schooling, that is to teach them to read & write & cast aecount4’~ daughter
Margaret Long, after the death of testator’s wife, a servant boy named
Richard Bradley, “till he comes of age of one & twenty years”; also to
Margaret, at the time specified, a “featherbed, bolster, pillow, rug and blankets”; son William, after decease of testator’s wife, a “ feather bed, bedstead, and all furniture belonging thereto, my own chest and all my wearing apparel and the cloth which I have to make ~my clothing, and my riding saddle”; “to my son William” after the decease of the testator ‘s wife, an “oval table”, a “large iron pot”; to son Andrew, after the decease of testator’s wife, “a feather bed, bolster, pillows, and furniture belonging thereto; a large iron pot;” residue of estate, personal & movable, after wife’s death, to be equally divided among testator ‘s four children, Viz: “William, Andrew, Elizabeth, and Margaret “.
- His
Witnesses: (Signed) Andrew A. II. Harrison
Mark
John Ellitt
William-X-Davison
Mary-X~Davison[14]
April 28, 1778
April 28, 1778; Justices John Stephenson and Col. William Crawford absent, but Isaac Cox, John Cannon, Wm. Goe, Andrew Swearingen, John McDowell, George McCormick were present.[15]
“Thomas Gist[16] came into Court and being sworn on the Holy evangelist of Almighty God, sayeth that in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and seventy-two, in the month of April to the best of his recollection, in the presence of Joseph Beelor, John Stephenson and Edward Rice, he solemnized the wrights of matromony between Isaac Meason and Catharine Harrison, according to the rights and ceremonies of the Church of England, he the said deponent then being a Majistrate in the State of Pennsylvania, and that he was under an oath not to devulge said marriage except legally called for that purpose.”
Two of the witnesses, John Stephenson and Joseph Beelor, came likewise into court and made a similar affidavit, and Joseph Beelor added “that there was a preengagement between the said Isaac and Catharine that upon the devulging of the said marriage contrary to the will of the said Isaac then that said parties should be absolved from any obligation to each other as man and wife.”[17]
-. - .
W Harrison took the oath of Major of the Militia in open Coart.
Ordered that George McCarnieck John Cannon & John Stephenson Gent, be recommended to his Excellency the Governor as proper persons to serve as Sheriff for this County, the Ensuing year.
Ordered that Court be adjourned Until Tomorrow Morning
8 oCbock. JOHN CANON.[18]
April 28, 1778 Pg. 156 Summary: The court ordered that Edmond Lindsey, Ralph Cherry, Edward Cherry, and Doyale Meason appraise the goods, chattles, credits, and Slaves , if any, of James Louden. Yohogania,
VA.[19]
April 28, 1778 Pg. 152 Zacheriah Connell v John Lindsey, Contd, Yohogania, VA.[20]
April 28, 1781: TO MAJOR GENERAL GREENE.
(ORIGINAL.)
Hanover Court House, April 28th, 1781.
Sir,--Having received intelligence that General Phillips' army were
preparing at Portsmouth, for offensive operations. I left at Baltimore
every thing that could impede our march, to follow us under a proper
escort, and with about a thousand men, officers included; hastened
towards Richmond which I apprehended would be a principal object with
the enemy.
Being on our way, I have received successive accounts of their
movements. On the 21st, the British troops, commanded by their
Generals, Philips and Arnold, landed at City Point on the south side of
James River. A thousand militia under Maj. General Caroude Stuben and
General Muhlenberg, were posted at Blandford to oppose them, and on the
25th they had an engagement with the enemy; the militia behaved very
gallantly, and our loss, it is said, is about twenty killed and
wounded. The same day, the enemy whose force it is reported to be near
2500 regular troops, marched into Petersburg. Yesterday they moved to
Osburn's, about thirteen miles from Richmond, and after a skirmish with
a corps of militia, destroyed some vessels that had been collected
there, but have not yet attempted to cross the river. Baron de Stuben,
is at the same side, and has removed to Falling Creek Church.
The Continental detachment will in a few hours arrive at this place, 20
miles from Richmond. The enemy are more than double our force in
regular troops and their command of the waters gives them great
advantages.
With the highest respect, I have the honor to be yours, &c.
Marquis De Lafayette[21]
April 28, 1788: George Washington named charter Worshipful Master of Alexandria Lodge No. 22 when a new charter from the Grand Lodge of Virginia was issued. Unanimously re-elected Master December 20, 1788 for one year.[22]
1789 - Benjamin Harrison signed a petition to the Speaker and General Assembly of Virginia - Protest of sundry inhabitants of Bourbon County against a division of the county. [23]
1789 - Benjamin Harrison entered 200 tracts in New Madrid District, Upper Louisiana. Lawrence Harrison, William Harrison, etc. applied for land between the road leading from New Madrid to Ste. Genevieve and St. George's River - subject to the rules and regulations that his most Catholic Majesty hath thought proper to direct for the settling of his territory on the Mississippi. [24] In spite of his accomplishments in Kentucky, Benjamin Harrison seems to have had difficulty settling down. An old land-speculating friend from Pennsylvania, John Morgan, had been into the Louisiana Territory, in about 1789, that part known as Missouri. He wanted Benjamin to go back with him. Missouri at the end of the 18th century was part of a vast swath of the continent, under the nominal control of Spain. A hamlet in Missouri was given the unlikely name Nuevo Madrid, New Madrid. (For reasons no longer remembered, Spanish Governor Esteban Miro seems to have preferred the name, L’Anse a la Grasse, Greasy Bend; maybe he was trying for “grassy bend.”)
The earliest New Madrid settlers, including John Morgan, and possibly Benjamin Harrison, sent entreaties and a delegation down river to Orleans. The new Missourians proposed that Spanish Governor Miro adopt policies, which would encourage English speaking settlers to come into the Louisiana Territory. Governor Miro adopt policies, which would encourage English speaking settlers to come into the Louisiana Territory. Governor Miro (gov: 1782-1791) responded with two conditions. His requirements must have seemed laughingly absurd to the energetic, practical minded, land taking, government creating surveyor farmers, who had spent lifetimes figuring out how to get onto tillable lands and who had rarely hesitate to threaten or shoot at anybody who interfered with their plans.
American settlers would be welcomed in Missouri, the Spanish Governor explained, if they all become Catholic and if they left behind in Kentucky their notions of representative government. These requirements became moot after Miro returned to Spain and Spain ceded the Louisiana territories to France in 1800. Napoleon, short of cash, sold Louisiana to the United States in 1803.[25]
1789
1789, John Crawford, 5 colts.[26]
1789, John Crawford, 5 horses or mules.[27]
1789 Jews expelled from Alace.[28]
Years in which full legal equality was granted to Jews. In some countries, emancipation came with a single act. In others, limited rights were granted first in the hope of "changing" the Jews "for the better."
USA
France
Netherlands
Canada
Great Britain
Italy
Habsburg Empire
Germany
Switzerland
Bulgaria
Serbia
Ottoman Empire
Spain
Russian Empire
1789
1791
1796
1832
1856
1861
1867
1871
1874
1878
1878
1908
1910
1917
[29]
1789
George Washington elected honorary member of Holland Lodge No. 8, New York, NY. [30]
Thurs. April 28, 1864
In camp skirmishing in rear at noon ordered
Out in line of battle then fell back near town
Throwed up breast work at night laid in cane field without blankets[31]
April 28, 1897: The Choctaw and Chickasaw Indian Nations agree to give their lands to the Federal Government and dissolve their tribal governments.[32]
April 28, 1945: Italian dictator Benito Mussolini is killed by partisans and hung in the main square in Milan.[33]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[2] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor. Page 294.
[3] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor, page 299.
[4] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor, page 300.
[5] The One Year Chronology Bible, NIV, page 1594.
[6] US New and World Report, Secrets of Christianity, April 2010. Page 9.
[7] The One Year Chronology Bible, NIV, page 1597.
[8] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor, page 270.
[9] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor. Page 294.
[10] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor, page 299.
[11] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[12] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor. Page 294-295.
[13]
[14] Essex County Records, Will Book 3, page 84, 1717-1722. Torrence and Allied Families, Robert M. Torrence pgs. 312-313
[15] From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, page 133.
[16] Much after the manner of young people today, marriages were at times kept secret in that day, too. Justice Thomas Gist and the famed iron master, Isaac Meason, must have had a difference, which prompted the revelation of the marriage of the former, as shown by the minutes of April 28, 1778
[17] Annals of Southwestern Pennsylvania, by Lewis Sclark Walkinshaw, A. M. Vol. II pg. 78.
[18] MINUTE BOOK OF VIRGINIA COURT HELD FOR YOHOGANIA COUNTY, FIRST AT AUGUSTA TOWN NOW WASHINGTON, PA.), AND AFTER WARDS ON THE ANDREW HEATH FARM NEAR WEST ELIZABETH; 1776-1780.’ EDITED BY BOYD CRUMRINE, OF WASHINGTON, PA. pg. 214-216.
[19] http://doclindsay.com/spread_sheets/2_davids_spreadsheet.html
[20] http://doclindsay.com/spread_sheets/2_davids_spreadsheet.html
[21] MEMOIRS CORRESPONDENCE AND MANUSCRIPTS OF GENERAL LAFAYETTE PUBLISHED BY HIS FAMILY.
[22] http://www.gwmemorial.org/washington.php
[23] (Robertson, p. 131) Chronology of Benjamin Harrison compiled by Isobel Stebbins Giuvezan. Afton, Missouri, 1973 http://www.shawhan.com/benharrison.html
[24] (New Madrid Archives #1301A) Chronology of Benjamin Harrison compiled by Isobel Stebbins Giuvezan. Afton, Missouri, 1973 http://www.shawhan.com/benharrison.html
[25] John Moreland book page 268-269.
[26] A tax list on microfilm at the Kentucky State Library at Frankfort, Ky. For Lincoln County. From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969 p. 183.
[27] A tax list on microfilm at the Kentucky State Library at Frankfort, Ky. For Lincoln County. From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969 p. 183.
[28] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm
[29] http://www.friends-partners.org/partners/beyond-the-pale/english/08.html
Conrad was born in 1793 in Pennsylvania, his parents could have come to the United States during this time period. Except, why would his parents not remain Jewish if they went to this much trouble to travel to the United States.
[30]http://www.gwmemorial.org/washington.php
[31] William Harrison Goodlove Civil Diary
[32] On This Day in America,
[33] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
=
• By Jeffery Lee Goodlove
• jefferygoodlove@aol.com
•
• Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
•
• The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with -George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.
•
• The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
•
• This project is now a daily blog at:
• http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/
• Goodlove Family History Project Website:
• http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/
•
• Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.
•
• My thanks to Mr. Levin for his outstanding research and website that I use to help us understand the history of our ancestry. Go to http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/ for more information. “For more information about the Weekly Torah Portion or the History of Jewish Civilization go to the Temple Judah Website http://www.templejudah.org/ and open the Adult Education Tab "This Day...In Jewish History " is part of the study program for the Jewish History Study Group in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
•
A point of clarification. If anybody wants to get to the Torah site, they do not have to go thru Temple Judah. They can use http://DownhomeDavarTorah.blogspot.com and that will take them right to it.
The details for the GOODLOVE FAMILY REUNION were mailed Apr 9, 2011. If you haven't received the information and want to attend, please e-mail 11Goodlovereunion@gmail.com to add your name to the mailing list. RSVP's are needed by May 10.
Goodlove Family Reunion
Sunday, June 12, 2011
Pinicon Ridge Park, Central City, Iowa
4729 Horseshoe Falls Road, Central City, Iowa 52214
319-438-6616
www.mycountyparks.com/County/Linn/Park/Pinicon-Ridge-Park
The plans at the 2007 reunion were to wait 5 years to meet again. But hey, we are all aging a bit, so why wait: Because it was so hot with the August date, we are trying June this year. We hope that you and your family will be able to come. This is the same location as 2007 and with the same details. The mailing lists are hard to keep current, so I’m sure I have missed a lot of people. Please ask your relatives if they have the information, and pass this on to any relative who needs it.
Horseshoe Falls Lodge 8 AM to 8 PM. We will set up and clean up (although help is nice).
Please sign the Guest Book. Come early, stay all day, or just for a while.
Food- Hy-Vee will cater chicken & Ham plus coffee/iced tea/lemonade. Please bring a vegetable, appetizer, salad, bread or dessert in the amount you would for any family dinner. For those coming from a distance, there are grocery stores in Marion for food and picnic supplies.
Dinner at Noon. Supper at 5 PM. Please provide your own place settings.
Games-Mary & Joe Goodlove are planning activities for young & ‘not so young’. Play or watch. The Park also has canoes and paddle boats (see website for more information).
Lodging- The park does have campsites and a few cabins. Reservations 319-892-6450 or on-line. There are many motels/hotels in Marion/Cedar Rapids area.
The updated Family tree will be displayed for you to add or modify as needed.
Family albums, scrapbooks or family information. Please bring anything you would like to share. There will be tables for display. If you have any unidentified Goodlove family photos, please bring those too. Maybe someone will bhe able to help.
Your RSVP is important for appropriate food/beverage amounts. Please send both accepts & regrets to Linda Pedersen by May 10.
Something new: To help offset reunion costs (lodge rental/food/postage), please consider a donation of at leat $5 for each person attending. You may send your donation with your RSVP or leave it ‘in the hat’ June 12.
Hope to hear from you soon and see you June 12.
Linda Pedersen
902 Heiler Court
Eldridge, IA 52748
Call:
563-285-8189 (home)
563-340-1024 (cell)
E-mail:
11goodlovereunion@gmail.com
Pedersen37@mchsi.com
I Get Email!
In a message dated 4/27/2011 1:10:56 P.M. Central Daylight Time, newsletter@fvjn.org writes:
Movie Recommendation
Thursday, April 28, 9:00 p.m., WTTW, Channel 11 (Chicago)
Movie "Prisoner of Her Past"
This new film examines a secret childhood trauma that resurfaces, 60 years later, to unravel the life of Holocaust survivor Sonia Reich. The film follows her son, Chicago Tribune jazz critic Howard Reich, as he journeys across the U.S. and Eastern Europe to uncover why his mother believes the world is conspiring to kill her. Along the way, he finds a family he never knew he had. The documentary examines the disorder's devastating effect on families, but also shows programs that are aiding young trauma survivors of Hurricane Katrina, in New Orleans, and how such early interventions may have helped Howard's mother.
There is also a book published with the same title. Very moving.
Elgin Holocaust Performance
The Elgin Cultural Arts Commission is proud to present a staged reading of a new drama in its Page to Stage series:
Broken Glass by Christopher Bibby
The story takes place in Berlin in 1938 in the days surrounding Kristallnacht. The longstanding friendship between Martin Hottl, a Catholic cobbler, and Jozef Pac'zynski, a Jewish shopkeeper, is put to the ultimate test in these dangerous times.
This reading is presented in recognition of Holocaust Remembrance Day and will take place on April 29 & 30, 2011, at 7:30 pm and May 1, 2011, at 1:00 pm at the
Elgin Art Showcase, 8th Floor of the Professional Building, 164 Division Street, Elgin, Illinois. This event is free to the public.
Audiences will have an opportunity to speak to the playwright and actors at an informal reception after performances at Villa Verone, 13 Douglas Avenue, Elgin.
DID YOU KNOW...?”
The Word "Sabbath"
Not only did the Jewish people give the world the Sabbath . . . but we gave the world the WORD "Sabbath!" The three letter root of the word "Shabbat" is always associated with "resting." In fact, in the account of the creation of the world we're told: "And God rested (VaYishbot) on the seventh day." The root is used as a verb. So . . . the Hebrew noun meaning the "day of rest" is Shabbat, which has come into English as Sabbath, into French, Spanish, Dutch, German, and other languages as Sabbat, Italian as Sabato and on and on.
In the early days of the Soviet Union, people were expected to volunteer to work for the State on the Russian Sabbath, building roads and public buildings - they were called, in Russian, Sabotnik - meaning "someone who works on the Sabbath." (There are many Jews who have "Sabotnik" as their family name.) In modern Hebrew, a labor strike is called "Shvitah" - from the same root ("V" and "B" are the same letter). Other words based on the root are, Shabbaton (A Weekend Retreat), and Sabbatical (an academic leave of absence - or the Sabbatical Year described in the Torah).
April 28, 66 A.D.: After stealing money from the Temple Treasury, the Roman Procurator Gessius Florus allowed his troops to “loot the Upper Market” of Jerusalem. He also unleashed his Cohorts on the crowds of Jews who gathered to protest the theft. This would prove to be the precipitating event that would start the Great Revolt which would end in disaster for the Jewish people.[1]
66 A.D.
A full scale Jewish Revolt had broken out in Palestine in 66 A.D. under the rule of the Roman governor Gessius Florus. Jerusalem fell into the control of several rebel factions. Nero had appointed a Spanish general Vespasian, to crush the revolt and several legions poured into the country. [2]
66 A.D.
Eusebius and Epiphanius preserved a tradition that the Jerusalem followers of Jesus, now led by Simon son of Clophas, fled the city of Jerusalem just before siege in response to an “oracle given by revelation before the war”. They reported that the followers settled in the area of the Decapolis city of Pella, on the other side of the Jordan in the mountains of Gilead. Although some scholars have questioned the historical reliability of this tradition there is strong evidence in its favor. As we have seen, the book of Revelation, dating to the time of Nero and the Jewish Revolt, portrays the church as a “woman” who flees into the wilderness “to her place” where she is nourished for three and a half years (Revelation 12:14). In the book of Revelation Nero is the “Best” with the mysterious number 666 and it was indeed Nero who both persecuted the Christians after the fire in Rome and sent Vespasian to wquell the Jewish Revolt in 66 A.D..[3]
Pella, the region to which they are saed to have fled, is just a few milesw north of the biblical “Wadi Cherith,” the traditional place where Elijah hid from danger and very likely the area where Jesus had spent the last winter of his life hiding from Herod Antipas, the “Jesus hideout” in Jordan. If Simon, leader of the group at this time, was in fact the brother of Jesus as James Tabor has argued, the flight in 66 A.D. would be a return visit for him after forty years.[4]
Judas the Galilean last surviving son, Menahem, captured from the Romans the stronghgold of Masada and attemptedin 66 A.D., at the beginning of the first Jewish War, to assert his supreme authority among the rebels by entering the Temple in royal apparel. However, he and most of his followerxsx died in the feud which raged at that time between the various revolutionary factions in Jerusalem. One of those who escapted the massacre was another descendant
66 and 67 A.D.
During Paul’s second imprisonment (66-67 A.D.), he wrote his second letter to Timothy. Paul encouraged Timothy to be steadfast in the ministry, while reflecting on his own soon to be completed ministry. 2 Timothy 1:1-18.[5]
67 C.E.
The ruins of two well preserved first century villages in the Galilee, Gamla and Yodefat, havwe also provided important information. All the inhabitants were dispersed bgy the Romans in 67 C.E. during a Jewish revolt. Because of this, the villages can be quite accurately dated, and thus have offered up furether clues concerning how simple Jewish peasants lived in the years just before the destructyion of the Second Temple. In Cana, another town to the north of Sepphoris that survived into the second century E.E., excavators have recently found a late first century synagogue.[6]
67 and 70 A.D.
Between 67 and 70 A.D., a group of Jewish Christians were tempted to return to Judaism. The author of Hebrews (perhaps Barnabas, Apollos or Paul) wrote to convince thses Jewish Christians of the superiority of Christ and to warn them of the serious dangers of apostasy. Hebrews 1:1-14[7]
According to later Christian tradition, Paul was beheaded in Rome during the reign of Nero, which would be sometime before 68 A.D.[8]
68 A.D.
Josephus was put in charge of the Jewish forces in Glilee but by 68 A.D. Vespasian had crushed all opposition and moved south into Judea to lay siege to Jerusalem. Josephus surrendered and ended up on intimate terms with Vespasian, even advising him in the war effort, having become convinced that Jewish opposition was futile and disastrous. When Nero committed suicide in 68 A.D. three successive Roman generals made a bid to become emperor. General Galva marched in from Spain, and the Senate accepted him as emperor, but Otho, an influential senator, had him assassinated by the palace guard and declared himself emperor. General Vitellius, recognizing the opportunity, immediately marched down from Germany to Rome with his legions, forcing Otho to commit suicide, and becoming emperor himself. In the Vespacian decided to act. He left the war in Judea and the siege of Jerusalem in the hads of his son Titus and traveled to Rome to challenge Vitellius. Vitellius tried to flee but was killed by troops loyal to Vespasian and the the Senate declated Vespasian emperor. [9]
69 A.D.
When James was killed in 62 A.D., Based On Daniel’s prediuctions, the followers of Jesus had calculated a final seven year period. They evidently left the city halfway into that period, or in the year 66 A.D. calculating that the “end” would come three and a half years later in 69 A.D. [10]
April 28, 70 A.D.: Following an early repulse of his forces, the Roman Legions commanded by Titus retake and destroy Jerusalem’s middle wall. The Romans followed this victory by quickly building a wall that will surround the city, cutting off all shipments of food and causing increased starvation among the Jewish defenders.[11]
Spring 70 A.D.
Jerusalem was surrounded by four Roman legions, the Fifteenth that Titus had brought up from Egypt, and the Fifth, Tenth, and Twelfth that Vewspasian had mustered from Syria. Including auxiliary troops the Roman forces numbered over 50,000. The city was cut off from supplies and by the spring of A.D. 70 severe famine had set in. Josephus reports that some even resorted to cannibalism, and chaos reigned inside the besieged city. Those who sought to escape were captured and crucified. According to Josephus, who had now joined Vespasian campted on the Mount of Olives before the city, as many as five hundred per day were captured and crucified in order to terrorize those inside and force surrender. Vespasian’;s troops had stripped the land all around Jerusalem of trees in order to get enough wood for all the crosses. The Zealots that controlled the local population trapped inside refused all offers.[12]
April 28, 1192: Conrad I, newly crowned King of Jerusalem was assassinated in Tyre only days after ascending the throne. According to one source, the assassins were Moslems who may have been in the pay of Conrad’s Christian enemies. The whole affair of Conrad’s selection during the time of the Third Crusade points to the fact that these were not noble religious adventures at all. This makes the treatment of the Jews during this period all the more despicable.[13]
The name Conrad taken in this perspective could have had reference as a namesake to our Conrad Goodlove, born 1793. If this allusion is correct than it makes for a fascinating story, if it isn’t than…it’s still a fascinating story.
Conrad of Montferrat
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Conrad of Montferrat (or Conrad I of Jerusalem) (Italian: Corrado di Monferrato; Piedmontese: Conrà ëd Monfrà) (mid-1140s – 28 April 1192) was a northern Italian nobleman, one of the major participants in the Third Crusade. He was the de facto King of Jerusalem, by marriage, from 24 November 1190, but officially elected only in 1192, days before his death. He was also marquis of Montferrat from 1191.
Early life
Conrad was the second son of Marquis William V of Montferrat, "the Elder", and his wife Judith of Babenberg. He was a first cousin of Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor, Louis VII of France and Leopold V of Austria.
Conrad was born in Montferrat, which is now a region of Piedmont, in northwest Italy. The exact place and year are unknown. He is first mentioned in a charter in 1160, when serving at the court of his maternal uncle, Conrad, Bishop of Passau, later Archbishop of Salzburg. (He may have been named after him, or after his mother's half-brother, Conrad III of Germany.)
A handsome man, with great personal courage and intelligence, he was described in the Brevis Historia Occupationis et Amissionis Terræ Sanctæ ("A Short History of the Occupation and Loss of the Holy Land"):
Conrad was vigorous in arms, extremely clever both in natural mental ability and by learning, amiable in character and deed, endowed with all the human virtues, supreme in every council, the fair hope of his own side and a blazing lightning-bolt to the foe, capable of pretence and dissimulation in politics, educated in every language, in respect of which he was regarded by the less articulate to be extremely fluent. In one thing alone was he regarded as blameworthy: that he had seduced another's wife away from her living husband, and made her separate from him, and married her himself.[1]
(The last sentence alludes to his third marriage to Isabella of Jerusalem in 1190, for which see below.)
He was active in diplomacy from his twenties, and became an effective military commander, campaigning alongside other members of his family in the struggles with the Lombard League. He first married an unidentified lady, possibly a daughter of Count Meinhard I of Görz (It: Gorizia), before 1179, but she was dead by the end of 1186, without leaving any surviving issue.
Byzantine Empire
In 1179, following the family's alliance with Manuel I Comnenos, Conrad led an army against Frederick Barbarossa's forces, then commanded by the imperial Chancellor, Archbishop Christian of Mainz. He defeated them at Camerino in September, taking the Chancellor hostage. (He had previously been a hostage of the Chancellor.) He left the captive in his brother Boniface's care and went to Constantinople to be rewarded by the Emperor,[2] returning to Italy shortly after Manuel's death in 1180. Now in his mid-thirties, his personality and good looks made a striking impression at the Byzantine court: Niketas Choniates describes him as "of beautiful appearance, comely in life's springtime, exceptional and peerless in manly courage and intelligence, and in the flower of his body's strength".[3]
In the winter of 1186–1187, Isaac II Angelus offered his sister Theodora, as a bride to Conrad's younger brother Boniface, to renew the Byzantine alliance with Montferrat, but Boniface was married. Conrad, recently widowed, had taken the cross, intending to join his father in the Kingdom of Jerusalem; instead, he accepted Isaac's offer and returned to Constantinople in spring 1187. On his marriage, he was awarded the rank of Caesar. However, almost immediately, he had to help the Emperor defend his throne against a revolt, led by General Alexios Branas. According to Choniates, Conrad inspired the weak Emperor to take the initiative. He fought heroically in the battle in which Branas was killed, without shield or helmet, and wearing a linen cuirass instead of mail. He was slightly wounded in the shoulder, but unhorsed Branas, who was then killed and beheaded by his bodyguards.[4]
However, feeling that his service had been insufficiently rewarded, wary of Byzantine anti-Latin sentiment (his youngest brother Renier had been murdered in 1182) and of possible vengeance-seeking by Branas's family, Conrad set off for the Kingdom of Jerusalem in July 1187 aboard a Genoese merchant vessel. Some popular modern histories have claimed that he was fleeing vengeance after committing a private murder: this is due to a failure to recognise Branas's name, garbled into "Lyvernas" in the Old French Continuation of William of Tyre (sometimes known as The Chronicle of Ernoul), and Roger of Howden's abridgement of his own Gesta regis Henrici Secundi (formerly attributed to Benedict of Peterborough). Roger had initially referred to Conrad "having slain a prominent nobleman in a rebellion" — meaning Branas; in his Chronica, he condensed this to "having committed homicide", omitting the context.
Defence of Tyre
Conrad arrives at Tyre: marginal sketch in late 12C Brevis Historia Regni Hierosolymitani, a continuation of the Annals of Genoa (Bib. Nat. Française)
Conrad evidently intended to join his father, who held the castle of St Elias. He arrived first off Acre, which had recently fallen to Saladin (Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb), and so sailed north to Tyre, where he found the remnants of the Crusader army. After his victory at the Battle of Hattin over the army of Jerusalem, Saladin was on the march north, and had already captured Acre, Sidon, and Beirut. Raymond III of Tripoli and his stepsons, Reginald of Sidon and several other leading nobles who had escaped the battle had fled to Tyre, but most were anxious to return to their own territories to defend them. Raymond of Tripoli was in failing health, and died soon after he went home.
According to the Old French Continuation of William of Tyre, Reginald of Sidon had taken charge in Tyre and was in the process of negotiating its surrender with Saladin. Conrad allegedly threw Saladin's banners into the ditch, and made the Tyrians swear total loyalty to him. His rise to power seems to have been less dramatic in reality. Reginald went to refortify his own castle of Belfort on the Litani River. With the support of the established Italian merchant communities in the city, Conrad re-organised the defence of Tyre, setting up a commune, similar to those he had so often fought against in Italy.
When Saladin's army arrived they found the city well-defended and defiant. As the chronicler Ibn al-Athir wrote of the man the Arabs came to respect and fear as "al-Markis": "He was a devil incarnate in his ability to govern and defend a town, and a man of extraordinary courage". Tyre successfully withstood the siege, and desiring more profitable conquest, Saladin's army moved on south to Caesarea, Arsuf, and Jaffa. Meanwhile, Conrad sent Joscius, Archbishop of Tyre, to the West in a black-sailed ship, bearing appeals for aid. Arabic writers claimed that he also carried propaganda pictures to use in his preaching, including one of the horses of Saladin's army stabled (and urinating) in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and another of a Saracen slapping Christ's face.
In November 1187, Saladin returned for a second siege of Tyre. Conrad was still in command of the city, which was now heavily fortified and filled with Christian refugees from across the north of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. This time Saladin opted for a combined ground and naval assault, setting up a blockade of the harbour. In an incident described by the Itinerarium Peregrinorum (which is generally hostile to Conrad), the Old French Continuation and Sicardus of Cremona's second chronicle (now known through quotations by Salimbene di Adam and Alberto Millioli), Saladin presented Conrad's aged father, William V of Montferrat, who had been captured at Hattin, before the walls of the city. He offered to release William and bestow great gifts upon Conrad if he surrendered Tyre. The old man told his son to stand firm, even when the Egyptians threatened to kill him. Conrad declared that William had lived a long life already, and aimed at him with a crossbow himself. Saladin allegedly said, "This man is an unbeliever and very cruel". But he had succeeded in calling Saladin's bluff: the old Marquis William was released, unharmed, at Tortosa in 1188, and returned to his son.
On December 30, Conrad's forces launched a dawn raid on the weary Egyptian sailors, capturing many of their galleys. The remaining Egyptian ships tried to escape to Beirut, but the Tyrian ships gave chase, and the Egyptians were forced to beach their ships and flee. Saladin then launched an assault on the landward walls, thinking that the defenders were still distracted by the sea battle. However, Conrad led his men in a charge out of the gates and broke the enemy: Hugh of Tiberias distinguished himself in the battle. Saladin was forced to pull back yet again, burning his siege engines and ships to prevent them from falling into enemy hands.
Struggle for the crown
The Near East, 1190, at the outset of the Third Crusade
In summer 1188, Saladin released Guy of Lusignan, the husband of Queen Sibylla of Jerusalem, from captivity. A year later, in 1189, Guy, accompanied by his brother Geoffrey, appeared at Tyre and demanded that Conrad hand over the keys to the city to him. Conrad refused this demand, and declared that Guy had forfeited his rights to be king of Jerusalem at the Battle of Hattin. He said that he was holding the city until the arrival of the kings from Europe. By this, he was invoking the terms of Baldwin IV's will, terms already broken by Guy and Sibylla: in the event of the death of his nephew Baldwin V it had been Baldwin's will that Baldwin V's "most rightful heirs" were to hold the regency until the succession could be settled by the King of England, the King of France, and the Holy Roman Emperor. Conrad would not allow Guy and Sibylla to enter the city, but did allow them to camp outside Tyre's walls with their retainers.
Conrad was persuaded by his cousin once-removed, Louis III, Landgraf of Thuringia, to join Guy in the Siege of Acre in 1189. The siege lasted for over two years. In summer 1190, Conrad travelled north to Antioch to lead another young kinsman, Frederick of Swabia, safely back to Acre with the remnants of his cousin Frederick Barbarossa's imperial army.
When Queen Sibylla and their daughters died of disease later that year, Guy, who had only held the crown matrimonial, no longer had a legal claim to the throne — but refused to step aside. The heiress of Jerusalem was Isabella of Jerusalem, Queen Sibylla's half-sister, who was married to Humphrey IV of Toron, of whom she was fond. However, Conrad had the support of her mother Maria Comnena and stepfather Balian of Ibelin, as well as Reginald of Sidon and other major nobles of Outremer. They obtained an annulment on the grounds that Isabella had been under-age at the time of the marriage and had not been able to give consent. Conrad then married Isabella himself, despite rumours of bigamy because of his marriage to Theodora, who was still alive. (However, Choniates, who usually expresses strong disapproval of marital/sexual irregularities, makes no mention of this. This may imply that a divorce had been effected from the Byzantine side before 1190, by which time it was obvious that Conrad would not be returning.) There were also objections on grounds of canonical 'incest', since Conrad's brother had previously been married to Isabella's half-sister, and Church law regarded this kind of "affinity" as equal to a blood-relationship. However, the Papal Legate, Ubaldo Lanfranchi, Archbishop of Pisa, gave his approval. (Opponents claimed he had been bribed.) The marriage, on 24 November 1190, was conducted by Philip of Dreux, Bishop of Beauvais — son of Conrad's cousin Robert I of Dreux. Conrad was now de jure King of Jerusalem. However, he had been wounded in battle only nine days previously, and returned with his bride to Tyre to recover. He came back to the siege in spring, making an unsuccessful sea-attack against the Tower of Flies at the harbour entrance.
As Guy was a vassal of Richard I of England for his lands in Poitou, Richard supported him in this political struggle, while Conrad was supported by his cousin Leopold V of Austria and cousin once-removed Philip II of France. Conrad acted as chief negotiator in the surrender of Acre, and raised the kings' banners in the city. Afterwards, the parties attempted to come to an agreement. Guy was confirmed as king of Jerusalem, and Conrad was made his heir. Conrad would retain the cities of Tyre, Beirut, and Sidon, and his heirs would inherit Jerusalem on Guy's death. In July 1191 Conrad's kinsman, King Philip, decided to return to France, but before he left he turned over half the treasure plundered from Acre to Conrad, along with all his prominent Muslim hostages. King Richard asked Conrad to hand over the hostages, but Conrad refused as long as he could. After he finally relented (since Richard was now leader of the Crusade), Richard had all the hostages killed. Conrad did not join Richard on campaign to the south, preferring to remain with his wife Isabella in Tyre — believing his life to be in danger. It was probably around this time that Conrad's father died.
During that winter, Conrad opened direct negotiations with Saladin, suspecting that Richard's next move would be to attempt to wrest Tyre from him and restore it to the royal domain for Guy. His primary aim was to be recognised as ruler in the north, while Saladin (who was simultaneously negotiating with Richard for a possible marriage between his brother Al-Adil and Richard's widowed sister Joan, Dowager Queen of Sicily) hoped to separate him from the Crusaders. The situation took a farcical turn when Richard's envoy, Isabella's ex-husband Humphrey of Toron, spotted Conrad's envoy, Reginald of Sidon, out hawking with Al-Adil. There seems to have been no conclusive agreement with Conrad, and Joan refused marriage to a Muslim.
Assassination
In April 1192, the kingship was put to the vote. To Richard's consternation, the barons of the Kingdom of Jerusalem unanimously elected Conrad as King. Richard sold Guy the lordship of Cyprus (where he continued to use a king's title) to compensate him and deter him from returning to Poitou, where his family had long had a reputation for rebelliousness. Richard's nephew Henry II of Champagne brought the news of the election result to Tyre on 24 April, then returned to Acre.
But Conrad was never crowned. Around late morning or noon on 28 April, Isabella, who was pregnant, was late in returning from the hammam to dine with him, so he went to eat at the house of his kinsman and friend, Philip, Bishop of Beauvais. The bishop had already eaten, so Conrad returned home. On his way, he was attacked by two Hashshashin, who stabbed him at least twice in the side and back. His guards killed one of his attackers and captured the other. It is not certain how long Conrad survived. Some sources claimed he died at the scene of the attack, or in a nearby church, within a very short time. Richard's chroniclers claimed that he was taken home, received the last rites, and urged Isabella to give the city over only to Richard or his representative: this death-bed scene is open to doubt. He was buried in Tyre, in the Church of the Hospitallers. "[T]he Frankish marquis, the ruler of Tyre, and the greatest devil of all the Franks, Conrad of Montferrat — God damn him! — was killed," wrote Ibn al-Athir. Certainly, the loss of a potentially formidable king was a blow to the kingdom.
The murder remains unsolved. Under torture, the surviving Hashshashin claimed that Richard was behind the killing, though this is impossible to prove. A less likely suspect was Humphrey IV of Toron, Isabella's first husband. Saladin's involvement has also been alleged, but as Conrad was in the middle of negotiations with him, this also seems unlikely; Saladin himself had no love for the Hashshashin. In 1970, Patrick A. Williams argued a plausible case for Henry of Champagne's guilt, but if so, it is difficult to imagine him taking such a bold step without his uncle Richard's approval.
Later, while returning from the crusade in disguise, Richard was recognised by Meinhard II of Görz, who is described as Conrad's nephew (which suggests the identity of his first wife), and then imprisoned by Conrad's cousin, Leopold V of Austria. Conrad's murder was one of the charges against him. Richard requested that the Hashshashin vindicate him, and in a letter allegedly from their leader, Rashid al-Din Sinan, they appeared to do so. The letter claimed that in 1191, Conrad had captured a Hashshashin ship that had sought refuge in Tyre during a storm. He killed the captain, imprisoned the crew, and stripped the ship of its treasure. When Rashid al-Din Sinan requested that the ship's crew and treasure be returned, he was rebuffed, and so a death sentence was issued for Conrad of Montferrat. However, this letter is believed to have been forged: Sinan was already dead, and apart from this letter and the chronicle entries based upon it, there is no other evidence for the Hashashin being involved in shipping. The timing of the murder, and its consequences — the pregnant Isabella was married off to Henry of Champagne only seven days later, much to the disgust of Muslim commentators — suggest that the chief motive may be sought in Frankish politics.
Family
Conrad's brother Boniface was the leader of the Fourth Crusade and a notable patron of troubadours, as was their sister Azalaïs, Marchioness of Saluzzo. Their youngest brother Renier was a son-in-law of Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus, and the eldest, William, had been the first husband of Sibylla and father of Baldwin V of Jerusalem. Conrad was also briefly Marquis of Montferrat, following his father's death in 1191. In Montferrat he was succeeded by Boniface, but his own heiress was born posthumously: a daughter Maria of Montferrat, 'La Marquise', who in 1205 became Queen of Jerusalem on Isabella's death, but died young in childbirth. Conrad's ex-wife, Theodora, was still living in the mid-late 1190s, when she was having the monastery of Dalmatios converted into a convent, possibly for her own residence.
Role in fiction, film and art
The Monferrine court was Occitan in its literary culture, and provided patronage to numerous troubadors. Bertran de Born and Peirol mention Conrad in songs composed at the time of the Third Crusade (see external links below). He was seen as a heroic figure, the noble defender of Tyre — the "Marqués valens e pros" ("the valiant and worthy Marquis") as Peirol called him. In Carmina Burana 50: Heu, voce flebili cogor enarrare, he is described as "marchio clarissimus, vere palatinus" ("the most famous Marquis, truly a paladin"). However, subsequently, the long-term prejudice of popular English-language writing towards Richard I and his "Lionheart" myth has adversely affected portrayals of Conrad in English-language fiction and film. Because Richard (and his chroniclers) opposed his claim to the throne, he is generally depicted negatively, even when Richard himself is treated with some scepticism. A rare exception to this is the epic poem Cœur de Lion (1822), by Eleanor Anne Porden, in which he is depicted as a tragic Byronic hero.
An entirely fictionalised, unambiguously wicked version of Conrad appears in Walter Scott's The Talisman, misspelled as 'Conrade of Montserrat' (the novelist apparently misreading 'f' as a long 's' in his sources) and described as a "marmoset" and "popinjay". He is also a villain in Maurice Hewlett's fanciful The Life and Death of Richard Yea-and-Nay (1900). He appears briefly, again in a negative light, in Ronald Welch's Knight Crusader (1954): the description owes much to his portrayal in Cecil B. de Mille's The Crusades, mentioned below. The nadir of his fictional appearances is in Graham Shelby's 1970 novel The Kings of Vain Intent. In this, he is thoroughly demonised — depicted as a sinister figure, physically resembling a vampire; in a chapter added by the author to the U.S. edition, he beats and rapes Isabella. These works reflect the later Renaissance and Gothic novel cultural/ethnic stereotype of the 'Machiavellian' Italian: corrupt, scheming, dandified, not averse to poisoning, even (as in Shelby's novel) sexually sadistic. In contrast, the Russian-born French novelist Zoé Oldenbourg gives him a more positive but fleeting cameo-role — proud, strong, and as handsome as Choniates described him — in her 1946 novel Argile et Cendres (Clay and Ashes, published in English as The World Is Not Enough in 1948). He is the hero of Luigi Gabotto's 1968 novel Corrado di Monferrato, which covers his whole career. Another sympathetic portrayal is in Alan Gordon's mystery novel, The Widow of Jerusalem (2003), which investigates his murder.
In film, he has been consistently depicted as a villain, and with scant regard for accuracy. In Cecil B. de Mille's 1935 film The Crusades, he is played by Joseph Schildkraut as a scheming traitor, plotting Richard's death with Prince John in England at a time when he was actually already defending Tyre. The 1954 film King Richard and the Crusaders, loosely based on The Talisman, similarly depicts him as a villain, played by Michael Pate. Egyptian director Youssef Chahine's 1963 film Al Nasser Salah Ad-Din also shows Scott's influence in its hostility towards Conrad (played by Mahmoud El-Meliguy) and Philip, while depicting Richard more favourably.
On television, he was played by Michael Peake in the 1962 British television series Richard the Lionheart, which derived some of its plotlines loosely from Scott's The Talisman. In the more faithful 1980–1981 BBC serialisation of The Talisman, he was played by Richard Morant.
In painting and drawing, Conrad figures in a small contemporary manuscript sketch of his ship sailing to Tyre in the Annals of Genoa, and various illustrations to Scott's The Talisman. There is an imaginary portrait of him, c. 1843, by François-Édouard Picot for the Salles des Croisades at Versailles: it depicts him as a handsome, rather pensive man in his forties, wearing a coronet and fanciful pseudo-mediæval costume. He is shown with dark hair and beard; it is more likely that, like his father and at least two of his brothers, he was blond.
In the game Assassin's Creed, set in 1191 during the height of the Crusades, William V of Montferrat, father of Conrad of Montferrat, is one of nine Templars the main character must assassinate. This is based on the real life death of Conrad, who was assassinated by the real life Hashshashin.
Persondata
Name
Conrad Of Montferrat
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth
Place of birth
Date of death
28 April 1192
Place of death
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_of_Montferrat"
April 28, 1718
The Will OF ANDREW HARRISON of St Mary ‘a Parish, Essex County,
Virginia, was dated April 28, 1718; proved in Essex’ County Court,
November 18, 1718, December 16, 1718 and March 17, 1718 (1718-19).
“Being grown very aged. & at this time, sick & weak in body, but in perfect sense and memory—” After the usual expressions of Christian faith in the atonement and resurrection, and the committal of his body to the ground at the discretion of his executors, provision? for the payment of. debts and funeral charges, he disposed of his estate as follows: Wife, Eleanor Harrison is named as executrix; son Andrew Harrison, and son-in-law. Gabriel Long are named as trustees and overseers to assist her in carrying out the provisions of the will; he ratifies former gifts of land to three of his children, viz, son William Harrison, 270. acres; son Andrew Harrison. 200 acres, and daughter Elizabetli, 200 acres, “all of which
lands, they are now possessed, and which I now give to them & theirs forever.’? * lie refers to having put into the hands Of William Stanard, bills of exchange for Sixty five pounds, twelve shillings and Six pence, sterling, with which said Stanard is to buy two negroes for said Harrison; the use of these two negroes,. or that money, to testator’s wife~ during life or widowhood, and after her decease, the negroes or the money to daughter Margaret Long ‘a three youngest sons, viz: Richard; Gabriel, and: William (Long), to be given and equally divided between them and their heirs as soon as they are 21 years old. * If wife dies before either of the three mentioned Long children come of age, then testator’s son in law, Gabriel Long, to have use thereof, until that ~specified time, and for the use’’. thereof, he is to give the said three Long children ‘schooling, that is to teach them to read & write & cast aecount4’~ daughter
Margaret Long, after the death of testator’s wife, a servant boy named
Richard Bradley, “till he comes of age of one & twenty years”; also to
Margaret, at the time specified, a “featherbed, bolster, pillow, rug and blankets”; son William, after decease of testator’s wife, a “ feather bed, bedstead, and all furniture belonging thereto, my own chest and all my wearing apparel and the cloth which I have to make ~my clothing, and my riding saddle”; “to my son William” after the decease of the testator ‘s wife, an “oval table”, a “large iron pot”; to son Andrew, after the decease of testator’s wife, “a feather bed, bolster, pillows, and furniture belonging thereto; a large iron pot;” residue of estate, personal & movable, after wife’s death, to be equally divided among testator ‘s four children, Viz: “William, Andrew, Elizabeth, and Margaret “.
- His
Witnesses: (Signed) Andrew A. II. Harrison
Mark
John Ellitt
William-X-Davison
Mary-X~Davison[14]
April 28, 1778
April 28, 1778; Justices John Stephenson and Col. William Crawford absent, but Isaac Cox, John Cannon, Wm. Goe, Andrew Swearingen, John McDowell, George McCormick were present.[15]
“Thomas Gist[16] came into Court and being sworn on the Holy evangelist of Almighty God, sayeth that in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and seventy-two, in the month of April to the best of his recollection, in the presence of Joseph Beelor, John Stephenson and Edward Rice, he solemnized the wrights of matromony between Isaac Meason and Catharine Harrison, according to the rights and ceremonies of the Church of England, he the said deponent then being a Majistrate in the State of Pennsylvania, and that he was under an oath not to devulge said marriage except legally called for that purpose.”
Two of the witnesses, John Stephenson and Joseph Beelor, came likewise into court and made a similar affidavit, and Joseph Beelor added “that there was a preengagement between the said Isaac and Catharine that upon the devulging of the said marriage contrary to the will of the said Isaac then that said parties should be absolved from any obligation to each other as man and wife.”[17]
-. - .
W Harrison took the oath of Major of the Militia in open Coart.
Ordered that George McCarnieck John Cannon & John Stephenson Gent, be recommended to his Excellency the Governor as proper persons to serve as Sheriff for this County, the Ensuing year.
Ordered that Court be adjourned Until Tomorrow Morning
8 oCbock. JOHN CANON.[18]
April 28, 1778 Pg. 156 Summary: The court ordered that Edmond Lindsey, Ralph Cherry, Edward Cherry, and Doyale Meason appraise the goods, chattles, credits, and Slaves , if any, of James Louden. Yohogania,
VA.[19]
April 28, 1778 Pg. 152 Zacheriah Connell v John Lindsey, Contd, Yohogania, VA.[20]
April 28, 1781: TO MAJOR GENERAL GREENE.
(ORIGINAL.)
Hanover Court House, April 28th, 1781.
Sir,--Having received intelligence that General Phillips' army were
preparing at Portsmouth, for offensive operations. I left at Baltimore
every thing that could impede our march, to follow us under a proper
escort, and with about a thousand men, officers included; hastened
towards Richmond which I apprehended would be a principal object with
the enemy.
Being on our way, I have received successive accounts of their
movements. On the 21st, the British troops, commanded by their
Generals, Philips and Arnold, landed at City Point on the south side of
James River. A thousand militia under Maj. General Caroude Stuben and
General Muhlenberg, were posted at Blandford to oppose them, and on the
25th they had an engagement with the enemy; the militia behaved very
gallantly, and our loss, it is said, is about twenty killed and
wounded. The same day, the enemy whose force it is reported to be near
2500 regular troops, marched into Petersburg. Yesterday they moved to
Osburn's, about thirteen miles from Richmond, and after a skirmish with
a corps of militia, destroyed some vessels that had been collected
there, but have not yet attempted to cross the river. Baron de Stuben,
is at the same side, and has removed to Falling Creek Church.
The Continental detachment will in a few hours arrive at this place, 20
miles from Richmond. The enemy are more than double our force in
regular troops and their command of the waters gives them great
advantages.
With the highest respect, I have the honor to be yours, &c.
Marquis De Lafayette[21]
April 28, 1788: George Washington named charter Worshipful Master of Alexandria Lodge No. 22 when a new charter from the Grand Lodge of Virginia was issued. Unanimously re-elected Master December 20, 1788 for one year.[22]
1789 - Benjamin Harrison signed a petition to the Speaker and General Assembly of Virginia - Protest of sundry inhabitants of Bourbon County against a division of the county. [23]
1789 - Benjamin Harrison entered 200 tracts in New Madrid District, Upper Louisiana. Lawrence Harrison, William Harrison, etc. applied for land between the road leading from New Madrid to Ste. Genevieve and St. George's River - subject to the rules and regulations that his most Catholic Majesty hath thought proper to direct for the settling of his territory on the Mississippi. [24] In spite of his accomplishments in Kentucky, Benjamin Harrison seems to have had difficulty settling down. An old land-speculating friend from Pennsylvania, John Morgan, had been into the Louisiana Territory, in about 1789, that part known as Missouri. He wanted Benjamin to go back with him. Missouri at the end of the 18th century was part of a vast swath of the continent, under the nominal control of Spain. A hamlet in Missouri was given the unlikely name Nuevo Madrid, New Madrid. (For reasons no longer remembered, Spanish Governor Esteban Miro seems to have preferred the name, L’Anse a la Grasse, Greasy Bend; maybe he was trying for “grassy bend.”)
The earliest New Madrid settlers, including John Morgan, and possibly Benjamin Harrison, sent entreaties and a delegation down river to Orleans. The new Missourians proposed that Spanish Governor Miro adopt policies, which would encourage English speaking settlers to come into the Louisiana Territory. Governor Miro adopt policies, which would encourage English speaking settlers to come into the Louisiana Territory. Governor Miro (gov: 1782-1791) responded with two conditions. His requirements must have seemed laughingly absurd to the energetic, practical minded, land taking, government creating surveyor farmers, who had spent lifetimes figuring out how to get onto tillable lands and who had rarely hesitate to threaten or shoot at anybody who interfered with their plans.
American settlers would be welcomed in Missouri, the Spanish Governor explained, if they all become Catholic and if they left behind in Kentucky their notions of representative government. These requirements became moot after Miro returned to Spain and Spain ceded the Louisiana territories to France in 1800. Napoleon, short of cash, sold Louisiana to the United States in 1803.[25]
1789
1789, John Crawford, 5 colts.[26]
1789, John Crawford, 5 horses or mules.[27]
1789 Jews expelled from Alace.[28]
Years in which full legal equality was granted to Jews. In some countries, emancipation came with a single act. In others, limited rights were granted first in the hope of "changing" the Jews "for the better."
USA
France
Netherlands
Canada
Great Britain
Italy
Habsburg Empire
Germany
Switzerland
Bulgaria
Serbia
Ottoman Empire
Spain
Russian Empire
1789
1791
1796
1832
1856
1861
1867
1871
1874
1878
1878
1908
1910
1917
[29]
1789
George Washington elected honorary member of Holland Lodge No. 8, New York, NY. [30]
Thurs. April 28, 1864
In camp skirmishing in rear at noon ordered
Out in line of battle then fell back near town
Throwed up breast work at night laid in cane field without blankets[31]
April 28, 1897: The Choctaw and Chickasaw Indian Nations agree to give their lands to the Federal Government and dissolve their tribal governments.[32]
April 28, 1945: Italian dictator Benito Mussolini is killed by partisans and hung in the main square in Milan.[33]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[2] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor. Page 294.
[3] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor, page 299.
[4] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor, page 300.
[5] The One Year Chronology Bible, NIV, page 1594.
[6] US New and World Report, Secrets of Christianity, April 2010. Page 9.
[7] The One Year Chronology Bible, NIV, page 1597.
[8] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor, page 270.
[9] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor. Page 294.
[10] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor, page 299.
[11] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[12] The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity, The Jesus Dynasty, by James D. Tabor. Page 294-295.
[13]
[14] Essex County Records, Will Book 3, page 84, 1717-1722. Torrence and Allied Families, Robert M. Torrence pgs. 312-313
[15] From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, page 133.
[16] Much after the manner of young people today, marriages were at times kept secret in that day, too. Justice Thomas Gist and the famed iron master, Isaac Meason, must have had a difference, which prompted the revelation of the marriage of the former, as shown by the minutes of April 28, 1778
[17] Annals of Southwestern Pennsylvania, by Lewis Sclark Walkinshaw, A. M. Vol. II pg. 78.
[18] MINUTE BOOK OF VIRGINIA COURT HELD FOR YOHOGANIA COUNTY, FIRST AT AUGUSTA TOWN NOW WASHINGTON, PA.), AND AFTER WARDS ON THE ANDREW HEATH FARM NEAR WEST ELIZABETH; 1776-1780.’ EDITED BY BOYD CRUMRINE, OF WASHINGTON, PA. pg. 214-216.
[19] http://doclindsay.com/spread_sheets/2_davids_spreadsheet.html
[20] http://doclindsay.com/spread_sheets/2_davids_spreadsheet.html
[21] MEMOIRS CORRESPONDENCE AND MANUSCRIPTS OF GENERAL LAFAYETTE PUBLISHED BY HIS FAMILY.
[22] http://www.gwmemorial.org/washington.php
[23] (Robertson, p. 131) Chronology of Benjamin Harrison compiled by Isobel Stebbins Giuvezan. Afton, Missouri, 1973 http://www.shawhan.com/benharrison.html
[24] (New Madrid Archives #1301A) Chronology of Benjamin Harrison compiled by Isobel Stebbins Giuvezan. Afton, Missouri, 1973 http://www.shawhan.com/benharrison.html
[25] John Moreland book page 268-269.
[26] A tax list on microfilm at the Kentucky State Library at Frankfort, Ky. For Lincoln County. From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969 p. 183.
[27] A tax list on microfilm at the Kentucky State Library at Frankfort, Ky. For Lincoln County. From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969 p. 183.
[28] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm
[29] http://www.friends-partners.org/partners/beyond-the-pale/english/08.html
Conrad was born in 1793 in Pennsylvania, his parents could have come to the United States during this time period. Except, why would his parents not remain Jewish if they went to this much trouble to travel to the United States.
[30]http://www.gwmemorial.org/washington.php
[31] William Harrison Goodlove Civil Diary
[32] On This Day in America,
[33] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
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