October 10, 732 A.D.: Tour, France is in a Holy War that will define Europes political and spiritual future. The conflict pits the Christian Franks against the Muslim Moors who recently crossed into Spain from North Africa. The Moors want to expand their empire and import their faith in Mohammed, the Prophet of Islam who lived a century before. The Christians want to keep them out at any cost. They saw it as an immediate and local threat to themselves. The Muslims saw Europe as easy prey.[1]
Charles “the Hamer” Martelle took steps to confront the invasion head on. The Moors were stunned to find such a formidable force awaiting them. For six days the two armies stood firm awaiting the other to make the first move. As the October cold set in the Moors knew they had to move quickly if they wanted to take Tours by winter. On the seventh day they attacked. Charles Martelles infantry stood like a wall according to both sides accounts. Charles had sent some troops behind the line of battle where the Muslim army had kept all the plunder they had obtained in their successful campaign. When the Muslims took away some from the front line to reclaim the plunder it was thought by the Moors that a general retreat had been ordered. As the Moor leaders tried to rally his troops he was struck down and killed. Overnight the Moors retreated and made a Bee line for Spain. Charles was credited as the savior of Christianity in Europe.[2] The territory south of the Pyrenees, ie. Spain, would remain in Islamic hands for the better part of the next seven centuries while the rest of Europe would remain in Christians hands for the time being. This demarcation would lead to the development of different variants of Judaism depending on whether the Jews lived in Moslem or Christian dominated parts of Europe.[3]
740 : Judah Halevi, in his book “The Kuzari: A Book of Argument in Defense of a Despised Religion”, sets the conversion date at 740.
740 A.D.:
The Khazars: A Jewish Kingdom in Europe
Author Arthur Koestler (1976) is generally credited for bringing the unique history of the Khazars to the attention of the public. The decades that have past since the publication of his book have not dampened its highly controversial nature.
The country of the Khazars lay in the area between the Black and Caspian Seas, between the Caucasus Mountains and the Volga River. There, between the ever-invading Muslim Arabs and the Christian Byzantine Empire, a peculiar thing occurred – a Jewish empire arose. In 740 CE, the Khazarian King, his court and military ruling class all embraced the Jewish faith. This large scale official conversion of an ethnically non-Jewish people is well attested to in Arab, Byzantine, Russian and Hebrew sources (Koestler 1976, pp.13-15).
The rationale behind such conversion continues to both puzzle and fascinate historians – why would a people, despite political pressure from two great powers, chose a religion which had no support from any political power, but was rather persecuted by all? Whatever the reason, the Jewish Khazars continued to rule their kingdom until the 12th-13th century, when their empire finally dissolved. The fate of the Khazars after the fall of their empire remains a subject of great controversy among researchers.
The Khazars are often described as “a people of Turkish stock,” although such description is misleading (Koestler 1976, p. 13). Although the Khazars spoke a Turkish dialect believed to be related to that spoken today by the peoples of the Chuvash Soviet Republic, their ethnic origins remains a matter of debate. Many of the Eurasian tribes driven westward by the Chinese, including the Huns, were labeled under the generic term of “Turk.” The origin of the word “Khazar” most likely derives from the Turkish root “gaz,” meaning “to wander” or simply “nomad.” (Koestler 1976, p. 21).
Given that the Khazarian kingdom arose in the area of today’s Ukraine, it is likely that there was a significant amount of indigenous Eastern European ancestry among this group. And, in fact, the various descriptions of the Khazars provided by ancient writers attest to the probable heterogeneous ethnic mixture in this group. [4]
October 10, 1757
FROM CAPTAIN THOMAS BULLITT AND OTHERS.
SIR
As we are well assured You take pleasure in distinguishing Merit where ever it is found, We beg leave to recommend to Your notice a Person not altogether unworthy of it If we may Judge from the diligence & Fidelity he has shewn in a low Station we may still expect he will support his Character in a higher where he will meet with frequenter Opportunities to exert himself & do Justice to Our Recommendation.
That we may not impose on Your Judgement through Partiality we shall endeavour Justly to draw his Character & Pretensions to preferment.
His Education, seems to have been a Good Country Education he writes a Good hand & is Acquainted with figures. his Courage We believe is indisputable, his Conduct as farr as We can Judge from many Months Observation is faultless. he was made a Sergt when forces were first levied in this Collony. in which Station he has serv’d with Vigilence & Obedience ever Since. By Majr Lewis's Order he has acted as Commissary for near a twelve Month, as he understands there are some Vacancies at present, And as it is not without president [precedent] he hopes You will remember him, which we beg leave to enforce, as he had some expectancy before.
From this description we hope You imagine the
Person we would recommend to Your Favour is
John McCully.
THOS BULLITT
JOHN EDs LOMAX
Wm FLEMING
FORT YOUNG. WM CRAWFORD
Octobr I0 1757[5] GE0: SPEAKE
October 10th, 1770:.—Having purchased two horses, and recovered another which had been gone from me near three years, I despatched my boy Silas (Giles?) with my two riding horses home, I proceeded on my journey, arriving at one Wise’s (Mr. Turner’s) mill, about twenty-two miles ; it being reckoned seven to the place where Cox’s fort formerly stood, ten to one Parker’s, and five afterwards.[6]
October 10, 1771. At home all day. Captn. Crawford[7] came here[8] [9]in the Afternoon.[10]
October 10, 1774: on the following day (October 10th), before Gen. Lewis had commenced his movement across the Ohio, he was attacked by a heavy body of Shawanese warriors under the chief Cornstalk. The fight (known as the battle of Point Pleasant) raged nearly all day, and resulted in the complete rout of the Indians, who sustained a very heavy (though not definitely ascertained) loss, and retreated in disorder across the Ohio. The loss of the Virginians under Lewis was seventy-five killed and one hundred and forty wounded.[11]
Cornstalk. Tu-Endie-Wei Park in Point Pleasant, WV (Main and 1st Street). Photo by compiler with Joyce Chandler. Enlarged Photo.
"Chief Cornstalk. In this monument rests the remains of Keigh-tugh-qua, better known as Cornstalk to the early settlers and frontiersman. Chief Cormstalk was well known and respected by the white settlers and Indian tribes on the Ohio Valley. As chief of the Shawnees and head of the Northwestern Confederated Tribes, Cornstalk decided to make peace with the white man. However, he was forced to lead the attack on the "Long Knives" at the Battle of Point Pleasant on October 10, 1774. Although he survived the battle, he died just three years later."[12]
On October 10, 1774, Colonel Andrew Lewis and approximately 800 men defeated 1,200 Indian warriors led by Shawnee Chief Cornstalk at the Battle of Point Pleasant, ending Lord Dunmore's War.[13]
October 10, 1774
From MS. journals and letter in possession of the Wisconsin Historical Society, it appears that the conduct of the battle was as follows: Andrew Lewis, who as yet thought the enemy to be but a scouting party, and not an army equal in size to his own, had the drums beat to arms, for many of his men were asleep in their tents; and while still smoking his pipe, ordered a detafhment from eash of the Augusta companies, to form 150 strong under Col. Charles Lewis, with John Dickinson, Benjamin Harrison, and John Skidmore as the captains. Another party of like size was formed under Col. Fleming, with Captains Shelby, Russell, Buford, and Philip Love. Lewis’s party marched to the right, near the foot of the hills skirting the east side of Crooked Creek. Fleming’s party marched to the left, 200 yards apart from the other. A quarter of a mile from camp, and half a mile from the point of the cape, the right-going party met the enemy lurking behind trees and fallen logs at the base of the hill, and there Charles Lewis was mortally wounded. Fleming marched to a pond three-quarters of a mile from camp, and fifty rods inland from the Ohio. This pond beng one of the sources of Crooked Creek. The hostile line was found to extend from this pond along Crooked Creek, half way to its mouth. The Indians, under Cornstalk, thought by rushes to drive the whites into the two rivers, “like so many bullocks,” as the chief later explained; and indeed both lines had frequently to fall back, but they were skillfully reinforced each time, and by dusk the savages placed Old Town Creek between them and the whites. This movement was hastened, a half hour before sunset, by a movement which Withers confounds with the main tactis. Captains Matthews, Arbuckle, Shelby, and Stuart were sent with a detachment up Crooked creek under cover of the bank, with a view to securing a rigge in the rear of the enemy, from which their line could be enfiladed. They were discovered in the act, but Cornstalk supposed that this party was Christion’s advance, and in alarm hurried his people to the other side of Old Town Creek. The battle was, by dark, really a drawn game; but Cornstalk had had enough, and fled during the night. [14]
Upon Leaving Pittsburg, where the governor held a council with several Delaware and Mingo chiefs, to whom he recited the outrages perpetrated by the Shawnees since Bouquet’s treaty of 1764, the northern division divided into two wings. One, 700 strong, under Dunmore, descended the river in boats; the other 500 went across the “pan handel” by land, with the cattle, and both rendezvoused, September 30th at Wheeling, 91 miles below Pittsburg. Next day, Crawford resumed his march along the south bank of the Ohio, to a point opposite the mouth of Big Hockhocking, 107 miles farther down. Here the men, the 200 bullocks, and the 50 pack horses swam the Ohio, and just abouve the Big Hockhocking (the site of the present Hockingport) erected a blockhouse and stockade, which they called Fort Gower, in honor of the English earl of that nome. A part of the earthwork can still (1894) be seen in the garden of a Hockingport residence. Dunmore’s party, in 100 canoes and pirogues, arrived a few days later. While at Fort Gower, he was joined by the Delaware chiefs, White Eyes and John Montour, the former of whom was utilized as an agent to negotiate with the Shawnees.[15]
October 10, 1774
After the battle of Point Pleasant, October 10, 1774, General Lewis marched his division of the Virginia forces, according to orders received on the 9th, to join Lord Dunmore’s division on the Pickaway plains. From this point the plan of action was to push forward and destroy the Indian towns. Upon their arrival, however, they found that the Shawnees had already sued for peace, and a treaty was in progress at Camp Charlotte, which was speedily effected. For the successful termination of the War Lord Dunmore received many letters of thanks and congratulation from the Virginians (American Archives, 4th series, vol. i. p. 1019), although later, probably on account of his attitude in the beginning of the Revolution, they questioned so seriously his motives in the management of this Indian War.
It is well known that Logan, the Mingo chief, was not present at the treaty of Camp Charlotte, and that it was there that his famous speech is supposed to have been delivered to Lord Dunmore by Gibson. If so, its eloquence evidently made no impression on Major Crawford, for he does not refer to it.][16]
Tuesday, October 10th, 1775
Allegany Mountain—Left V. Crawford’s, whom I believe to be a scoundrel. Set out with Mr. Zac. Connel for Winchester. Lodged at the Great Meadows at one Lynch’s Tavern in company with Colnl. Lee, Colnl. Peyton, Colnl. Clapham, Colnl. B1ackburn, Colnl. McDonald and Mr. Richard Lee. All of them Commissioners from the Virginia Convention, for settling the accounts of the last Indian War. A set of niggardly beings. Great want of beds, but I am well content with the floor and my blanket.[17]
October 10, 1776
[18]
October 10, 1777: On the 10th of October (October 10) a packet arriving in the fleet brought letters from Europe dated in the month of June. It also brought the news that the rebels had made an attack on Staten Island, Long Island, and Kings Bridge on the 22nd of (August 22) August, but were driven back with some loss.[19]
October 10, 1777
In spite of repeated attacks on our batteries, during which …Captain von Stamford [20] … particularly distinguished (himself), our undertaking is progressing so well that we have hopes of hearing shorly of its final success.[21]
October 10, 1780
Congress passes a resolution calling for the states to cede their western territories for the creation of new states.[22]
April 18, 1796: Congress passes an act, establishing trading houses with Indian tribes.[23]
October 10, 1810: Descendants of William Woods
1 William Woodsb: Unknownd: Unknown
.+Susannah Wallaceb: Unknownm: Unknownd: Unknown
.2 Archibald Woodsb: January 20, 1749 in Albemarle County, Virginiad: December 13, 1836 in Madison County, Kentucky
.....+Mourning Harris Sheltonb: 1756m: August 5, 1773d: UnknownFather: William Shelton, Jr.Mother: Lucy Harris
.....3 Lucy Woodsb: October 25, 1774 in Albemarle County, Virginiad: 1854
.........+William Capertonb: Unknownm: December 13, 1790d: Unknown
.....3 William Woodsb: March 22, 1776d: July 8, 1884
.........+Mary Harrisb: Unknownm: January 12, 1802d: Unknown
.....3 Susanna Woodsb: June 13, 1778d: October 2, 1851
.........+William Goodloveb: Unknownm: February 23, 1796d: Unknown
.....3 Mary Woodsb: July 31, 1780 in Albemarle County, Virginiad: July 23, 1822 in Franklin County, Tennessee
.........+Barbee Collinsb: Unknownm: June 25, 1795d: Unknown
.....3 Sarah Woodsb: January 31, 1783d: April 24, 1785
.....3 Archibald Woodsb: February 19, 1785d: Unknown
.........+Elizabeth Shackelfordb: Unknownm: October 10, 1810d: Unknown
.....3 Anna Woodsb: January 27, 1787d: Unknown
.........+Thomas Millerb: Unknownm: July 29, 1806d: Unknown
.....3 Thomas Woodsb: May 5, 1789d: May 15, 1891
.....3 Ann Woodsb: May 15, 1791d: May 15, 1891
.....3 Mourning Woodsb: April 2, 1792d: Unknown
.........+Garland Millerb: Unknownm: January 18, 1810d: Unknown
.*2nd Wife of Archibald Woods:
.....+Dorcas Hendersonb: Unknownm: January 30, 1818d: Unknown[24][25]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ID: I02909
Name: William GOODLOVE 1
Sex: M
Birth: UNKNOWN
Death: UNKNOWN
Reference Number: 2910
Marriage 1 Susanna WOODS b: 13 JUN 1778
Married: 23 FEB 1796 1[26]
October 10, 1811: A scouting party of Yellow Jackets was ambushed on October 10 causing several casualties and preventing the men from continuing to forage. Supplies quickly began to run low. By October 19, rations were cut and remained so until October 28 when fresh supplies arrived via the Wabash River from Vincennes. With the army resupplied, Harrison resumed his advance to Prophetstown on October 29.[12][13]
October 10, 1820: The convention began on October 10 with a talk by Jackson (whom the Choctaw nicknamed Sharp Knife), to more than 500 Choctaw. After his proposal to exchange Choctaw land for territory in present-day Arkansas, Pushmataha accused Jackson of deceiving them of the quality of land west of the Mississippi. Pushmataha said, "I know the country well ... The grass is everywhere very short ... There are but few beavers, and the honey and fruit are rare things." Jackson finally resorted to threats to pressure the Choctaw to sign a treaty. He shouted, "Many of your nation are already beyond the Mississippi, and others are every year removing .... If you refuse ... the nation will be destroyed." On October 18, 1820, the chiefs signed the treaty.[1]
October 10, 1863: Battle of Vermillion, LA.[27]
Mon. October 10, 1864
White frost fixed camp moved camp at
1 am 3 miles north of Strasburg on cedar
Creek went 5 miles foraging got nothing
Got into camp after night[28]
October 10, 1872: All this family, except the infant, is buried at the Buffalo cemetery, Michael died October 10, 1872, and the widow (Margaret Gottlieb/Godlove) followed him August 30, 1873. [29]
1874: Gottlober’s proficiency in various languages (including Russian and German) enabled him to translate poetry and prose into Hebrew. Among the works he translated were Gotthold Lessing’s Nathan der Weise (Nathan the Wise; 1874) and Moses Mendelssohn’s Jerusalem (1867). In his poetry anthologies, Gottlober also incorporated translations of poems from German and Russian, including German poets such as Schiller and Goethe.[30]
[31]
[32]
October 10, 1875: Ferdinand Gottlieb, Born October 10, 1875 in Bosen. Resided Bosen. Deportation: 1942, Auschwitz. Declared legally dead.[33]
October 10, 1880: In Convoy 30 of September 9, 1942, there was a clear predominance, in decreasing order, of Poles, Germans, and Austrians. More than 100 children under 17 were among the deportees.
On board Convoy 30 was Chaim Gottlieb, born August 15, 1898 from (stateless).[34]
The list is in very poor condition. The names are almost all disappearing from thje onionskin, which was typed on through blue or black carbon. It is divided into eight sublists, with a total of 1,017 names.
1. Camp of Septfonds—206 names, of which 8 were crossed out, leaving 198 people departing. Among them were many families.
2. Camp of Les Milles—70 names. Almost all were Germans, and among them were families.
3. Various camps. These were adults of both sexes, from such camps as Montmelian, Venissieux, Vinezac etc.
4. Camp of Rivesaltes—155 names. No place of birth is given; and age is indicated instead of the precise date of birth. The Jews in this group were Poles, Germans, and Austrians. There were many families.
5. Poitiers—100 names. Most were Poles. Here, too, were many families.
6. Camp of Casseneuil—291 names. Seventeen were crossed out, leaving 274 names of deportees. All the people were arrested in the Southwest of France (from Nerac, Agen, Marmande, Casteljaloux, Allons, Buzet, Lusignan, etc.).
7. Camp of Saint-Sulpice—116 names. There were couples and families in this group.
8. Last minute departures—38 names. These deportees came from several different camps (including, among others, Rivesaltes and Les Milles).
The routine telex (XXVb-155) of September 9 was sent by the anti-Jewish section of the Gestapo—composed by Heinrichsohn and signed by Rothke—to its three recipients, Eichmann, the Inspector of Concentration Camps, and the Commandant of Auschwitz. It announces the departure on the same day at 8:55 AM from Le Bourget/Drancy station of a transport of 1,000 Jews under the directiuon of Feldwebel Rossler. In this telex the con voy is referred to as number D 901/24. This is incorrect, since the preceeding convoy of September 7 bore that number, and the one prior to that (September 4) was number D 901/23.[35]
The convoy arrived in Auschwitz on September 11. Twenty three men were selected for work and received numbers 63471 through 63493. A considerable number of men had been previously selected in Kosel for work (see Convoy 24). Sixty eight women were also left alive and were given numbers 19414 through 19481. The rest were gassed immediately.
The Ministry for War Veterans lists only 22 survivors from this convoy in 1945. One of them was Aron Gogiel, who managed to save his three sons and come home with them. Our research in Belgium enabled us to add 21 names to the list of survivors of this convoy, for a total of 43.
The list of Deportees on Convoy 31 included Joseph Gottlieb, born October 10, 1880, and Mato Gottlieb, born April 21, 1893. Both were from Poland.[36]
October 10, 1881: Klara Gottliebova, October 10, 1881. Ev- October 28, 1944 Osvetim. OSVOBOZENI SE DOZILI.[37]
October 10, 1894: Frantiska Gottlobova born October 10, 1894. Transport AAo- Olomouc. Terezin July 8, 1942. Bc- October 25, 1942 Maly Trostinec[38]
October 10, 1918: A new pastor, W. A. Odell, arrived to Buck Creek Methodist in October, but he fared no better than Baker. Odell was unable to spark interest in new community building activities of the sort that Chalice had been so successful in leading. Even his Irish sounding name aroused some concern within the church. He was not reappointed for a second year.[39]
Fall 1914 to Fall 1918
From the fall of 1914 through the fall of 1918, 137 new members joined the Buck Creek Church, bringing its total active membership to 176.[40] During this period only 15 members died and 33 moved out of the area (most to retire in Hoplinton or Manchester). [41]
October 10, 1933: The Nazis killed Dr Theo Katz at Dachau.[42]
• October 10, 1941: Marshal Walther nov Reichenau instructed his troops that, “The solder must fully understand the need for severe but just atonement of the Jewish subhumans.” The German army was a willing accomplice in the slaughter of the Jews. Yet, methods would soon bge established by the roaming Eisengruppen to circumvent the need to involve German soldiers. Gas vans became an often used method.[43]
• October 10, 1941: Thousands of Slovak Jews are sent to labor camps at Sered, Vyhne, and Novaky.[44]
• October 10, 1941: Slovak, Bohemian, and Moravian Jews are forced from their homes and into ghettos.[45]
•
• October 10, 1943: At the Sobibor death camp, a revolt is planned by Jewish laborers and Jewish Red Army POWs.[46]
•
• October 10, 1943: Convoy 60 included 564 males and 436 females. One hundred eight were children under 18. The routinetelex (XLIX-52) was signed by Rothke. It established that on October 7, at 10:30 AM, a convoy of 1,000 Jews left Paris/Bobigny with the Meister der Schupo, Schlamm, head of the escort. On October 13, Hoss, Commandant of Auschwitz, telexed to Rothke (XLIX-53) that on October 10 at 5:30, the convoy actually arrived.
•
• When they arrived in Auschwitz, 340 men were selected and went to Buna, the I.G Farben synthetic rubber plant at Auschwitz. They were assigned numbers 156940 through 157279. One hundred sixty nine women remained alive and were given numbers 64711 through 64879. The rest, 491 people, were gassed.
•
• In 1945, less than two years later, 31 of the 509 selected had survived. Two of the survivors were women.
•
• Professor Waitz, who was on this convoy, gave an account of the voyage from Drancy to Auschwitz:
•
• “The voyage in closed cattle cars began at Drancy on October 7, 1943. In each car, one or two pails of water and a sanitary bucket; 95 to 100 persons squeezed together, without sufficient provisions. In two infirmary cars, where there are some straw mattresses on the floor, are the old, those recovering from typhoid or pneumonia, pregnant women, women with infants, ets., and nine screaming women who were taken from an insane asylum by the Germans.
• “It is difficult to care for people in these infirmary wagons as the medicine is in an ordinary car and we are not allowed to go pick it up during the stops. During one stop, I try to obtain heart medicine for one old man who is fainting repeatedly; the German NCO tells me: ‘Let him croak, he’ll be dead soon anyway.’
•
• “During another stop, I request water for the sick, and another NCO answers: ‘It’s useless to give them any, they’ll be finished soon.’
• “After three days and three nights of travel, the train arrives at a station platform on October 10, 1943, around three in the morning, and remains standing there until dawn.”
•
• On board Convoy 60 was Mosiek Gottlibowicz, born December 12, 1888 from Wilezyn, Russia.[47]
October 10 1944: Four additional women involved in smuggling explosives used in the October 6-7 uprising at Auschwitz are arrested, including an inmate named Roza Robota. Fourteen men from the camp’s Sonderkommando unit also are arrested. The sole surviving conspirator, a Greek Jew named Isaac Venezia, will later die of starvation after Auschwitz inmates are evacuated by their captors to Ebensee, Austria.[48]
• October 10, 2009
• I get email!
Hi Jeff. Your Aug 28 e-mail listed a wedding for Ursula Armstrong and John A. Lorence. We are still searching for info of my Dad's Armstrong family. Can you give me a year and possibly location for this wedding. I checked your family tree maker site, but didn't find an Ursula Armstrong; I did find two other Armstrong women from Kansas who had married into the Goodlove/Godlove family. To date I don't have a connection to Kansas with my Armstrongs.Hope this finds you well. Has your daughter left for college yet? That has to be a change for you...As ever, Linda
--
Linda, Love your book, “Our Grandmothers”. I recommend it to anyone who wants to know more about their family history. It has a lot of info that I did not have!
Regarding your email about Ursula Armstrong and John A. Lorence...John Anthony Lorence (Frank, Frantisek, Lorenc) was born May 16, 1901, and died September 1989 in Cedar Rapids, Linn Cnty, IA. He married Ursula Armstrong, August 28, 1924 in Cedar Rapids, IA, daughter of Frank Armstrong and Edna Valenta. She was born May 27, 1906 in Tipton, Iowa.
John Anthony Lorence is buried in Cedar Memorial, Cedar Rapids Iowa.
Child of John Lorence and Ursula Armstrong is Jack Junior Lorence, born February 4, 1927, Cedar Rapids, Ia.
Jack Junior Lorence (John Anthony, Frank, Frantisek Lorence) was born February 4, 1927 in Cedar Rapids, Ia. He married Jean LaRose Goodlove October 15, 1949 in Center Point, Ia., daughter of Covert Goodlove and Berneita Kruse. She was born April 13, 1931 in Linn Cnty, IA. Jack Junior Lorence graduated 1944 from McKinley H.S. bet 1944-1946 was in the Navy. Jean Larose Goodlove was a school secretary at Linn Mar in Marion.
Jack and Jean (my aunt and uncle) were instrumental in the transcription of the original William Harrison Goodlove diary and visited many of the battle grounds that William Harrison Goodlove was at. This information of their visits should be in the edition of the diary.
Hope this answers some of your questions.
Jeff Goodlove
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] The Dark Ages, HISTI, 3/4/2007
[2] The Dark Ages, HISTI, 3/4/2007
[3] This Day in Jewish History
[4] http://www.jogg.info/11/coffman.htm
[5] Letters to Washington and Accompanying Papers, by Stanislaus Murray Hamilton VOL. IV pgs. 209-210
[6] George Washington Journal
[7] William Crawford had surveyed the lands between the Great and Little Kanawha rivers for the Virginia Regiment, and he was now bringing in his rough field notes from which finished drafts were to be made with GW’s help (Crawford to GW, 2 Aug. 1771). See Diaries, 3:61—62.
[8] William Crawford had surveyed the lands between the Great and Little Kanawha rivers for the Virginia Regiment, and he was now bringing in his rough field notes from which fmished drafts were to be made with GW’s help (Crawford to GW, 2 Aug. 1771, DLC:GW). When the two men completed that task several days later, there were 10 surveys covering 61,796 acres, less than a third of the 200,000 acres that, according to the order of the council, had to be included in 20 surveys (VA. EXEC. JLS., 6:438--39). But Crawford reported that few of the tracts could be much “enlarged with rich Land” because the countryside was “generally so Craggy, Steep, and Rocky” that fertile farming areas could be found only in isolated narrow strips along the rivers and creeks (Crawford’s surveys, nos. 2—10, dated June 1771, are in DLC:GW; a copy of his first survey, dated June 1771, is at the University of Pittsburgh). Besides the surveys for the Virginia Regiment, Crawford apparently brought GW a personal survey for a 515-acre tract on the Ohio near Captina Creek (survey, June 20, 1771, DLC:GW) and one for some land about 16 miles from Fort Pitt (Crawford to GW, 2 Aug. 1771, DLC:GW).
[9] The Diaries of George Washington, University Press of Virginia, 1978
[10] George Washington Diaries, An Abridgement, Dorothy Twohig, Ed. 1999
[11] Dunmore's War: A Transcription from
Crumrine's History[11]
[12] http://www.thelittlelist.net/coatocus.htm
[13] http://www.polsci.wvu.edu/wv/Hardy/harhistory.html
[14] Chronicles of Border Warfare by Alexander Scott Withers, (Reuben Gold Thwaites notation) 1920 edition; pgs. Pg. 170.
[15] Chronicles of Border Warfare by Alexander Scott Withers, (Reuben Gold Thwaites notation) 1920 edition; pgs. Pg. 179.
[16] The George Washington Papers at the Library of Congress, 174 1-1799 Letters to Washington and Accompanying Papers. Published by the Society of the Colonial Dames of America. Edited by Stanislaus Murray Hamilton.--vol. 05
[17] The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell, 1774-1777 pg. 124
[18] Journals of the Continental Congress, Volume 6
[19] Revolution in America, Confidential letters and Journals 1776-1784 of Adjutant General Major Baurmeister of the Hessian Forces. Pg 122
[20] –von Stamford, Grenadier Battalion von Linsingen.
[21] Letters from Major Baurmeister to Colonel von Jungkenn, Written during the Philadelphia Campaign, 1777-1778 Edited by Bernhard A. Uhlendorf and Edna Vosper pg. 27
[22] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[23] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[24] Binkleys and More
Entries: 16513 Updated: Thu Jan 15 00:51:09 2004 Contact: Sara Binkley Tarpley Home Page: Binkley Branches
[25] Please visit my revised and expanded Web site for biographies, photographs, and more. NEW-AN INDEXED TRANSCRIPTION OF THE 1850 CENSUS FOR THE 4TH CIVIL DISTRICT OF DAVIDSON CO., TN, INCLUDING SLAVE SCHEDULE.
[26] Sources:
Title: Kentucky Family Archives, Vol. V
Publication: Kentucky Genealogical Society, 1974
Note: Family group sheets from contributors. Depends upon accuracy of sources.
Repository:
Note: Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville, Tennessee
Call Number:
Media: Book
Page: p. 303
Text: Family group sheet contributed by Sue Nite Raguzin, 5008 Briarbrook, Dickinson, TX 77539.
Source: W.H. Miller, History and Genealogies of Harris, Miller, 1907.
[27] State Capital Memorial, Austin, TX, February 11, 2012
[28] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary, Annotate by Jeff Goodlove
[29] "The Spade Family in America", author Abraham Thompson Secrest. Published privately November 1920, Columbus, Ohio.
[30] http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Gottlober_Avraham_Ber
[31] Art Museum, Austin, TX. February 11, 2012
[32] Art Museum, Austin, TX. February 11, 2012
[33] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
[2] Gedenkbuch (Germany)* does not include many victims from area of former East Germany).
[34] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944. Page 263.
[35] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France 1942-1944. By Serge Klarsfeld page 259.
[36] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld, Page 269.
Terezinska Pametni Kniha, Zidovske Obeti Nacistickych Deportaci Z Cech A Moravy 1941-1945 Dil Druhy
[38] Terezinska Pametni Kniha, Zidovske Obeti Nacistickych Deportaci Z Cech A Moravy 1941-1945 Dil Druhy.
[39] There Goes the Neighborhoo, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 174.
[40] Other sources place the Buck Creek church’s membership at 250 at this time. See Delaware County LEADER, April 24, 1975 (a dated clipping in Dora Winch’s scrapbook written by Bernice Moulton, a Buck Creek resident), and Centennial Committeee 1875 to 1975. Both of these are on file at the Delaware Countyu Historical Museum, Hopkinton, Iowa.
[41] There Goes the Neighborhoo, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 144.
[42] This Day in Jewish History.
• [43] This Day in Jewish History.
• [44] This Day in Jewish History.
• [45] This Day in Jewish History
[46] This Day in Jewish History
[47] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld, page 450
[48] This Day in Jewish History
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