Jeff Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson,and ancestors Andrew Jackson, and William Henry Harrison.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.
Birthday: Nicole E. Bindi 30, Charles C. Godlove 98, Nannie L. Godlove Holder 116
January 6 or 10, 200: Clement, tells us that the Basilidians celebrated the Epiphany, and with it, probably, the Nativity, on 15 or 11 Tybi (10 or 6 January). At any rate this double commemoration became popular, partly because the apparition to the shepherds was considered as one manifestation of Christ's glory, and was added to the greater manifestations celebrated on 6 January; partly because at the baptism-manifestation many codices (e.g. Codex Bezæ) wrongly give the Divine words as sou ei ho houios mou ho agapetos, ego semeron gegenneka se (Thou art my beloved Son, this day have I begotten thee) in lieu of en soi eudokesa (in thee I am well pleased), read in Luke 3:22. Abraham Ecchelensis (Labbe, II, 402) quotes the Constitutions of the Alexandrian Church for a dies Nativitatis et Epiphaniæ in Nicæan times; Epiphanius (Hær., li, ed. Dindorf, 1860, II, 483) quotes an extraordinary semi-Gnostic ceremony at Alexandria in which, on the night of 5-6 January, a cross-stamped Korê was carried in procession round a crypt, to the chant, "Today at this hour Korê gave birth to the Eternal";[1]
January 6, late Fourth Century: In Cyprus, at the end of the fourth century, Epiphanius asserts against the Alogi (Hær., li, 16, 24 in P.G., XLI, 919, 931) that Christ was born on 6 January and baptized on November 8. Ephraem Syrus (whose hymns belong to Epiphany, not to Christmas) proves that Mesopotamia still put the birth feast thirteen days after the winter solstice; i.e. 6 January.[2]
400 CE: Abaye and Rabah-Amoraim of the Babylonian Talmud.
Over a period of several hundred years Jewish scholars who had memorized and studied the Torah and Mishnah would create a new text to explain the relationship between the oral law and the Torah. This enormous commentry on the law was called the Tlamud, froma Hebgrew word that meahs “learning.” Two Jewish communities created Talmuds independently: one in Babylon, the other to the north of Jerusalem. [3]
The Torah, Mishnah, and Talmud created an authoritative written body of Jewish law and custom (halachah). As a result, even during the Diaspora (the dispersal of the Jewish community) all Jews could look to the halachah for guidance. This ensured that Judaism would remain the same no matter where it was practiced, as all rabbis could draw on the same written sources to teach their congregations.[4]
Thus the development of Rabbinic Judaism gave lasting strength to the Jewish faith, saving Judaism from being lost to history like many other ancient religions.[5]
Around 400 C.E.: Around 400 C.E. a tribe of Arabs decided to settle down near the site of the ancient Kaaba shrine. This tribe, the Quraysh, established a city that would eventually be called Makka (Mecca).[6]
Abt. 400 AD: The Hopewells and the Adena cultures appear to have coexisted for about 800 years until about 400 AD. Some accounts claim the Adena Culture continued perhaps 100 years or more after the Hopewells mysteriously vanished, but by the end of the sixth century, both cultures had disappeared, leaving behind only tantalizing remnatnts of their tenure buried in the amazing mounds they had created. [7]
. Adena Mound. This mound is found near the Scioto River in Ohio and is maintained within a small park.
The Adena Culture/Shrum Indian Mound. McKinley Avenue—about a half-mile southeast of the intersection with Trabue Road in Columbus, OH. Photos by compiler with Joyce Chandler. Enlarged marker and enlarged plaque.
Marker "The Adena Culture. Native Americans of the Adena culture were some of Ohio's first known settlers. They lived in the upper and middle Ohio Valley during the late Archaic and Early Woodland periods, roughly 1000 B.C.-100 A.D. The Adena people were hunters, gatherers, traders, and farmers. They carved effigy figures, made ceramic pots, built extensive houses, and developed significant burial mounds. These mounds were made of earth, stone, remains of deceased members, and token objects, and were built on uplands near major waterways such as the mound here near the Scioto River. The Ohio Historical Society."
Plaque "Shrum Indian Mound. One of the last remaining earthen mounds in this area of Ohio. Built by Native American people of the Adena Culture (800 BC-100 AD). The Land was deeded to the Ohio Historical Society in 1928 by the Shrum family. Dedicated August 9, 2008 by the Ohio Society National Society Colonial Dames XVII century.".
The photo on the left enlarged is taken from the perimeter of the park and gives an accurate picture of the shape of the mound. The picture on the right enlarged is taken from the same side (the rear) and shows a person atop the mound in order to provide "scale" to the photo. A second highway marker at the site is devoted to James E. Campbell, a former governor of Ohio (1890-1892) and was president of the Ohio Archeological and Historical Society (1913-1924).
Adena People. Ancient people in southwestern PA who left two large burial mounds in Washington County. Artifacts (skeletal remains, clay bowls, copper utensils, etc.) indicate habitation some two or three thousand years ago. Mounds in the region vary from the large mound at Moundsville, WVA to smaller mounds found in McKees Rocks, one atop Grant’s Hill (downtown Pittsburgh), and two burial mounds at Monongahela, PA.
The Mounds. Memorial Park in Monongahela, Washington County. Drive uphill on 4th Street to Mound Street—angle left and continue to Park on the left. Photo by compiler with Joyce Chandler. Enlarged Photo.
"Site of two Indian Burial Mounds built between 2,000 and 3,000 years ago by the Adena people. Late 19th century excavations found skeletons, pottery, copper implements, and other antiquities.
"Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission...1954."
These mound builders are believed to be directly related to the other mound builders along the Ohio River and then up the Mississippi to Cahokia, IL (across the river from present-day St. Louis). During the period between 1000 BC and 400 AD, the Adena/Hopewell peoples built the "serpent" mounds near Locust Grove, OH paralleling Ohio Brush Creek. The "serpent" contains no human remains, and—if uncoiled would stretch to more than a quarter-mile (the longest "serpent" mound in the world). The "serpent" effigy was also used by the Maya, Greeks, Chinese, Hindus, and others.
The “digs” in Allegheny County[8] were performed by the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in the late 1890s and predated the more sensitive attitude towards disturbing Indian burial grounds. Persons involved in the unearthing of skeletal remains tell of finding bones of persons who would have measured six-foot seven inches, or more. That these people were tall in stature is no surprise as the Native Americans were, as a rule, several inches taller than the European immigrants. When Lewis & Clark made their noted expedition, they found the Osage Indians in Missouri to average being six-feet tall—with chiefs up to six-feet seven inches.[9]
400 A.D. to 1100 A.D. Late Woodland Point.[10]
400 A.D. to 1100 A.D.: Late Woodland: Greater dependency on cultivated food. Larger permanent villages. Effigy mounds.[11]
404
Abaye and Rabah-Amoraim of the Babylonian Talmud.[12]
[13]
St. Jerome
[14]
405 A.D.
Jerome (Eusebius Hieronymus) (c.345-419) translates the Latin Vulgate from Hebrew and Greek originals. His guiding practice in general was that in practice that a good translation should express the meaning, not necessarily the actual words, of the original. Jerome’s method of translation has substantially influenced future translators of Scripture.He did not strive for literary excellence. What mattered most was the content, not the literary form. Until the seventh centrurey, the Roman Church used both the Old-Latin version and Jerome’s. But by gradual process Jerome’s version emerged as the standard text. Jerome called his work Translatio Nova, the New Translation, but by the thirteenth century it became known as the “Vulgate”.[15]
405 A.D.: St. Patrick was among thousands taken by boat back to Ireland from Britain by raiders.[16]
408 A.D. Alerec stood on the doorsteps of Rome looking for power, plunder, and food. Alerec’s men surrounded Rome and took over their supply lines and blocked all shipments of grain coming into the city. Gradually Rome began to die from within.[17]
January 6, 548: This was the last year the Church in Jerusalem observed the birth of Jesus on this date. (Celebrating Christmas on December 25th began in the late 300s in the Western Church.)[18]
550-700 C.E.: The Babylonian Talmud was clear: “Thy son by an Israelite woman is called thy son, and thy son by a heathen is not called thy son but her son” (Kiddushin 68b). From that point on (circa 550-700 C.E.), the custom was followed by all major branches of Judaism until the late twentieth century, when Jewish aReform, Reconstructionist, Humanist, and Renewal movements in North America relaxed or abolished the use of matrilineal descent as a criterion for Jewishness.
The notion of matrilineal descent is clearly not biblical if we use only the Hebrew Bible as a basis for information. Abraham, Judah, Joseph, Moses, and David all took foreign women as wives. And although it’s hard to figure out how he managed it, Solomon married seven hundred Gentiles and took another three hundred concubines (1 Kings 11). As Shaye J. D. Cohen observes, nowhere is there any indicaqtion that these marriages were invalid, that the children produced by them werwse not Jewish, or that the women were expected to convert to Judaism.[19]
550-1400 A.D.
The Coptic inscription along the top of the lintel names Jesus Christ in the center flanked by the names of the angels Michael, Gabriel, Raphel, Uriel, Yael, and Aphiel. [20]
550-1400 AD
Ceramic bowl, Serra area. [21]
530-1400 A.D.
Coptic inscribed Stele. [22]
[23]
Christian oil lamp.
January 6, 1192, despite the weather and everything Saladin threw at them Richard and his army reached the ruined town of Beit Nuba. Jerusalem was now within their grasp. Richard realizes an attack would mean annilation. He turns back. [24]
January 6, 1449: In an unusual move, Constantine XI is crowned Byzantine Emperor at Mistra instead of at Constantinople. His reign would be a short one. He would lose his throne in 1453 when Constantinople fell to the Ottomans under Mehmed II. Constantine was the last Emperor and the last Christian ruler of what was left of the Roman Empire. The Moslem Ottoman Empire would prove to be a haven for Jews fleeing from persecution in Christian Europe. Also, Mehmed worked to insure that a significant portion of the population of Istanbul (the new name for Constantinople) would be Jewish.[25]
January 6, 1481: In Spain, during the Inquisition, the priests inaugurated the first auto-da-fe.[26]
January 6, 1706: Birthdate of Benjamin Franklin, printer, publisher, scientist, statesmen and a man who was far greater than his parts. “Franklin knew the Hebrew scriptures (what we call the Bible) very well. He had even suggested that the Great Seal of America depict Moses standing on the shore of the Red Sea, while Pharaoh drowns in his chariot in its midst. The motto at the bottom of the seal would have read: ‘Rebellion to tyrants is obedience to God.’ You see Franklin was among those Founding Fathers who saw in the American Revolution a replaying of the story of the Jewish Exodus from Egypt. King George III was the Pharaoh. George Washington was Moses. The Atlantic Ocean was the Red Sea. And, it was as if God were saying to King George: ‘Let my American people go!’ It is also important to point out that when the Jewish community in Philadelphia built their synagogue, which they named “Mikveh Israel,” Franklin contributed to the building fund himself. On July 4, 1788, Franklin was too sick and weak to get out of bed, but the Independence Day parade in Philadelphia marched right under his window. And, as Franklin himself had directed, ‘the clergy of different Christian denominations, with the rabbi of the Jews, walked arm in arm. And when he was carried to his grave two years later, his casket was accompanied by all the clergymen of the city, every one of them, of every faith.”[27]
Sunday January 6, 1754: George Washington, on his way back to Virginia meets with "17 horses loaded with Materials and Stores for a Fort at the Forks of the Ohio..."(George Washington). [28]
If it is assumed that the road on the Mercer map did go to the general area of
present-day Confluence, it can be interpreted more easily to represent the known route of the Ohio Company road that Braddock later followed. The journal Washington kept during his trip to Fort Leboeuf with Gist tells of a January 6, 1754 encounter with men headed toward the present-day Pittsburgh area:
We arrived at Mr. Gist‘s, at Monongahela, the 2d of January,(January 2) where I bought a horse and saddle. The 6th, we met seventeen horses, loaded with materials and stores for a fort at the fork of the Ohio, and the day after, some families going out to settle. This day, we arrived at Will‘s Creek…[29]
The packers and their horses were presumably on an Ohio Company fort building mission, because Joshua Fry‘s February 25, 1754 military commission, which charges him with building afort, had not yet been issued. (On January 6, the government had not yet received Washington‘s trip report concerning the French response to the message Washington had delivered.) The 17 horses indicate that Washington and Gist were on a road or packer‘s trail of some sort.
Washington‘s map from the journey indicates that he and Gist traveled the
Ohio Company road between Gist‘s Plantation and Wills Creek. Therefore Gist‘s journal shows that men involved in what was an Ohio Company fort building attempt traveled to the construction site via the Ohio Company road. Since the road on Mercer‘s map is subtly angled to point directly at the proposed Chartiers Creek Fort, which is not far from Trent‘s actual fort site, what basis is there to assume that it is not the well documented Ohio Company road that went to that locale?
Upon his return, Washington received his orders from Lieutenant-Governor Dinwiddie, which have been quoted in their entirety above. An excerpt from those orders confirms that the 17 horse loads of fort supplies were for an Ohio Company fort: Having all Things in readiness You are to use all Expedition in proceeding to the Fork of Ohio with the Men under Com‘d and there you are to finish and compleat in the best Manner and as soon as You possibly can, the Fort w‘ch I expect is there already begun by the Ohio Comp‘a.[30]
January 6, 1759: (GW) marries Martha Dandridge Custis, widow of Daniel Parke Custis. Washington assumes parental care of her children, Martha ("Patsy") and John Parke ("Jacky").[31]
January 6, 1773: Tuesday rode to Mr. White’s. Appointed to preach tomorrow at Stewart’s crossings.[32]
January 6, 1778: The early courts of Westmoreland County appear by their records to have been regularly held from April 6, 1773, to the second Tuesday of April, 1776. Observe that this last date was but a short time before the meeting of the Provincial Conference at Carpenter’s Hall, Philadelphia, resulting in the great Declaration of Independence by the American colonies. At this session there were orders made relating to township lines, roads, and recognizances in criminal cases; and then there was an interregnum, and there are no records-of any court held for Westmoreland County afterward until January 6, 1778. But the court for Yohogania County continued right along in a varied and extensive business, as will appear from the transcript of its records now publishing. [33]
January 6, 1838: Twenty-three months were required for the legal procedure of this docutrent. This time spent in Ohio, after which time, (January 6, 1838) it was ready for the records in Virginia. On January 6, 1838, it was recorded at Parkersburg, Va. (now W. Va.)with the expiration of only nine days after it left the Court of Common Pleas of Joseph Darlington at West Union, county seat of Adams County, Ohio. One interesting point should not be overlooked in the list of heirs, wherein George Crawford is not mentioned as an heir, but only appointed as Power of Attorney, to represent the heirs of the late Col William Crawford and the late Lt. John Crawford. Referring to the letter of Richard Crawford, written and sent to his Uncle David Bradford, wherein Richard mentions the heirs of Lt. John Crawford and George Crawford is not included with this Crawford branch. Yet after the legal papers of the Power of Attorney had reached the Virginia Court at Parkersburg a change took place in the application and George Crawford’s name was placed at the top of the list of heirs. Once it was received in the Virginia Courts, Josias M. Steed became a legal participant and here George Crawford was declared (or declared himself) to be an heir, to share in this family’s wealth of bounty lands, provided by the war services of Lt. John Crawford and Col. William Crawford.
Notice may be taken to the fact that George Crawford had no legal testimony from his own County of Adams in the State of Ohio to represent him as a lawful heir to Cal. William Crawford and Lt. John Crawford. Neither were his children represented in these two instruments.
Whether the legal requirements of the foregoing document were accurately carried out, is not known, though measures were taken to bind and seal the contents and protect the applicants and the Crawford heirs.[34]
January 6, 1840
In 1999, after unsuccessful research effors in Anne Arundel county, research turned to the Hamilton County, (Cincinnati) Ohio area, where Eleanor is bureid, to re-establish available information with the goal of working back to Maryland. Considerable information was obtained from the Genealogy Section of the Cincinnati Public Library and local Cemeteries, most of which confirmed what had been known. One notable exception was Eleanor's date of death that according to tombstone records of Finneytown Cemetery was January 6, 1840.[35] [36]
Rev Ege also reproted Eleanor's date of death as January 5, 1845 rather than the January 6, 1840 that is listed in the tombstone inscription records for Fineytown Cemetery. [37] [38]
January 6, 1840: In 1999, after unsuccessful research efforts in Anne Arundel County, research turned to the Hamilton County, (Cincinnati) Ohio area, where Eleanor is buried, to re-establish available information with the goal of working back to Maryland. Considerable information was obtained from the Genealogy Section of the Cincinnati Public Library and local Cemeteries, most of which confirmed what had been known. One notable exception was Eleanor's date of death that according to tombstone records ofFinneytown Cemetery was January 6. 1840(12),[39] some five years different than Rev. Ege reported. Next, a copy of Rev. Thompson Ege's "Dodson Genealogy 1600 - 1907", which was out of print, was obtained. A careful review of his material on Eleanor Howard and John Dodson revealed similarities to the Cincinnati data. To see this more clearly, the following is page 343 from the book(13).[40]
"Dodson Genealogy
Maryland Branch C
John and Eleanor Howard Dodson Line
Introduction
The head of this line in this country was John Dodson, born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England in 1752. When but nineteen years of age and while still serving an apprenticeship he suddenly decided to embark for America, and landed at Annapolis, MD in 1771. From the fact that a Dodson family was then prominent in the vicinity of Annapolis, having settled there in the latter part of 1600, said John, of Shrewsbury, England may have been attracted there from a probable kinship and knowledge of them. John married March 2nd, 1778, Eleanor Howard, of Maryland, daughter of General Eager Howard, who was prominent in both the Revolutionary War, and probably also in the war of 1812. The Howard family of Maryland were prominent in that day, and have remained well know in Maryland history from colonial days. A prominent street in Baltimore City bears their name. The Howard family of this country and of England trace their linage to Lord Edward Howard, in the reign of Henry VIII, and also claim a kinship with George III. [41]
In 1842, the family (Julia Amelia Connell, daughter of James Swearingn and Eliza (Mendell) Connell) moved to Upper Sandusky, OHio, where her father, for a time, ran the Walker House, mentioned by Charles Dickens, as a place once visited during his tour of United States.
When children, Julia and Mary, were often permitted to gather unused food from the tables after the dining room had closed. They would play store and sell their wares through a window to the Indians, who were plentiful about Upper Sandusky, at that time. Though not highly lucrative, the enterprose gained popularity among the customers and the Connell girls felt rich with the pennies they collected.[42]
The horses were taken to water in a stream below the tavern. The girls often rode the horse on the watering trips. On one occasion, when Julia and Mary rode bareback on the same horse, the animal descended where the bank was quite steep and when its fron feet slipped into the water to firm ground, it lowered its head to drink and the girls slid forward down its long neck and into the stream. Athe time, many Wyandots were present and amused by the girl’s misfortune and they burst into laughter. The old Chief who know the firls, went into the water and pulled them out and set them back on the horse., As the girls rode away, slightly embarrassed, the Chief and the others were still laughing.[43]
Wed. January 6, 1864:
Went to Iowa city on stage slinger very cold left for davenport at 11:00 arrived at 2:40 took breakfast at the Penn house 4 ½ very sleepy[44]
January 6th, 1865
The 6th of January, 1865, the Twenty-fourth bade farewell to the Shenandoah Valley, and was thoroughly chilled by standing four hours in a freezing rain while the train was loaded. Dripping wet, the entire brigade of the 24th was crowded aboard the train cars. The fortunate were packed into the boxcars, but many had to suffer the elements in open flatcars or atop the boxcars. The regiment disembarked at Camp Carroll near Baltimore, Maryland.[45] The regiment was there quartered in stables, which the troops claimed had mjust been evacuated by horses because it only had a roof,[46] an insult which could have been nowhere else offered to troops who had proudly borne the colors of the Union at Port Gibson, Champion Hills, Vicksburg, Jackson, Sabine Cross Roads, Winchester, Fisher’s Hill, and Cedar Creek.[47]
Camp guards were posted, but peddler women soon swarmed along the guard line Rigbyu reported, “some of the western outlaws had the audacity to run by the guard and got to town.” The Iowans stole some of “Uncle Sam’s hay to make beds,” and throwing their tents over the horse stall, Ribby’s mess mates set up a small portable stove and slept comfortably. A fight developed during the night between some western and eastern regiments in which side arms, guns, and brickbats were used freely. Rigby reported that several men were wounded though not seriously, and the 24th had not been involved. The temperate private reportede the eastern regiments were generally drunk and riotous, but not so with the 24th. A commotion was raised when a sutler set up in camp, while the women peddlers were kept beyond the guards. An unsuccessful attempt was made to drive the sutler out by the temperance regiment’s eastern neighbors.[48]
January 6, 1865[49]
The Twenty-forth Iowa left Winchester and proceeded by rail to Baltimore, thence by steamship to Savannah, Ga., where it went into camp and remained for two months. It then moved to Morehead City N. C., and, from that point, to Goldboro and Raleigh, escorting transportation trains. After the surrender of the rebel General Johnston’s army, it returned to Savannah, moved thence to Augusta, Ga. with the Twenty-second and Twenty-eighth Iowa, crosses the river at Augusta and went into camp near the town of Hamburg, S. C., where it remained until the 6th of June, when, with the other Iowa regiments[50], it was ordered to return to Savannah.[51]
January 6, 1895: The attitude of the Catholic Church in this country towards secret societies was formulated January 6, 1895, by the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Cincinnati, apparently with the sanction of the Holy See. This pronunciamento was directed primarily against the Odd Fellows, the Knight of Pythias, and the Sons of Temperance, but included all similar secret orders. They were condemned, first because they tned to lead Catholics to Freemasonry which is “under the absolute condemnation and excommunication of the Church” and indulges in a “Satanic warfare against everything Christian,” secondly, because they “weaken a Catholic’s regard for the doctrines of the Church” and “inculcate morality without the help of the Church,” and, thirdly, because Catholics who join these secret orders tend to become “cool in their loyalty to the Church.[52]
January 6, 1912: Continental drift theory
Alfred Wegener first thought of this idea by noticing that the different large landmasses of the Earth almost fit together like a jigsaw. The Continental shelf of the Americas fit closely to Africa and Europe, and Antarctica, Australia, India and Madagascar fit next to the tip of Southern Africa. But Wegener only took action after reading a paper in Autumn 1911 and seeing that a flooded land-bridge contradicts isostasy.[7] Wegener's main interest was meteorology, and he wanted to join the Denmark-Greenland expedition scheduled for mid 1912. So he hurried up to present his Continental Drift hypothesis on January 6, 1912. He analyzed either side of the Atlantic Ocean for rock type, geological structures and fossils. He noticed that there was a significant similarity between matching sides of the continents, especially in fossil plants. His hypothesis was thus strongly supported by the physical evidence, and was a pioneering attempt at a rational explanation.
Fossil patterns across continents (Gondwanaland).
From 1912, Wegener publicly advocated the theory of "continental drift", arguing that all the continents were once joined together in a single landmass and have drifted apart. He supposed the cause might be the centrifugal force of the Earth's rotation ("Polflucht") or the astronomical precession. Wegener also speculated on sea-floor spreading and the role of the mid-ocean ridges, stating: the Mid-Atlantic Ridge ... zone in which the floor of the Atlantic, as it keeps spreading, is continuously tearing open and making space for fresh, relatively fluid and hot sima [rising] from depth.[8] However, he did not pursue these ideas in his later works.
In 1915, in The Origin of Continents and Oceans (Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane), Wegener published the theory that there had once been a giant continent, he named "Urkontinent" (German word meaning "origin of the continents",[9] in a way equivalent to the Greek "Pangaea",[10] meaning "All-Lands" or "All-Earth") and drew together evidence from various fields. Expanded editions during the 1920s presented the accumulating evidence. The last edition, just before his untimely death, revealed the significant observation that shallower oceans were geologically younger.
Wegener during the J.P. Koch's Expedition 1912 - 1913 in the winter base "Borg".
Reaction
In his work, Wegener presented a large amount of very strong evidence in support of continental drift, but the mechanism remained elusive. While his ideas attracted a few early supporters such as Alexander Du Toit from South Africa and Arthur Holmes in England, the hypothesis was generally met with skepticism from largely conservative scientists, who were resistant to any change in the status quo. The one American edition of Wegener's work, published in 1925, was received so poorly that the American Association of Petroleum Geologists organized a symposium specifically in opposition to the continental drift hypothesis. Its opponents could argue, as did the Leipziger geologist Franz Kossmat, that the oceanic crust was too "firm" for the continents to "simply plough through", a suggestion which ignored the plasticity of all rocks at depth and at high temperatures and pressures. The comment also ignored the vast time-scale over which continental drift has occurred, effectively the total age of the earth of about 4.5 billion years.
In 1943 George Gaylord Simpson wrote a vehement attack on the theory (as well as the rival theory of sunken land bridges) and put forward his own permanentist views.[11] Alexander du Toit wrote a rejoinder in the following year,[12] but G.G.Simpson's influence was so powerful that even in countries previously sympathetic towards continental drift, like Australia, Wegener's hypothesis fell out of favour.
Modern developments
The tectonic plates of the world were mapped in the second half of the 20th century.
In the early 1950s, the new science of paleomagnetism pioneered at Cambridge University by S. K. Runcorn and at Imperial College by P.M.S. Blackett was soon producing data in favour of Wegener's theory. By early 1953 samples taken from India showed that the country had previously been in the Southern hemisphere as predicted by Wegener. By 1959, the theory had enough supporting data that minds were starting to change, particularly in the United Kingdom where, in 1964, the Royal Society held a symposium on the subject.[13]
Additionally, the 1960s saw several developments in geology, notably the discoveries of seafloor spreading and Wadati-Benioff zones, led to the rapid resurrection of the continental drift hypothesis and its direct descendant, the theory of plate tectonics. Alfred Wegener was quickly recognized as the founding father of one of the major scientific revolutions of the 20th century.
With the advent of the Global Positioning System (GPS), it became possible to measure continental drift directly.[14]
Awards and honors
The Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in Bremerhaven, Germany, was established in 1980 on his centenary. It awards the Wegener Medal in his name.[15] The crater Wegener on the Moon and the crater Wegener on Mars, as well as the asteroid 29227 Wegener and the peninsula where he died in Greenland (Wegener Peninsula near Ummannaq,
WikiMiniAtlas
71°12′N 51°50′W / 71.2°N 51.833°W / 71.2; -51.833), are named after him.[16]
The European Geosciences Union sponsors an Alfred Wegener Medal & Honorary Membership "for scientists who have achieved exceptional international standing in atmospheric, hydrological or ocean sciences, defined in their widest senses, for their merit and their scientific achievements."[17][53]
January 6, 1916
Ed Andrews, Dell Andrews and Harold Goodlove were Cedar Rapids visitors Friday.[54]
January 6, 1916
Willis Goodlove has been quite ill with the grip for several days.[55]
January 6, 1916
Mr. William Goodlove, who last week had pneumonia, is getting better, but Mrs. Goodlove has been very sick this week.[56]
January 6, 1929: Sarah Pyle Goodlove died January 6, 1929 and is buried at Jordan’s Grove. Prior to her marriage, Sarah was a school teacher. To their union was born seven children: Nettie, Willis, Oscar, Cora, Earl, and Jessie, whose twin died at birth.
In 1867, William and Sarah moved to their new farm in Sections 27 and 28 of Maine Township, Linn County, Iowa. It is located three miles southwest of Central City at what is now known as 3974 Pleasant Valley Road. This farm embraced 240 acres, which they farmed until retirement four years prior to William’s death. They moved to their new home in Central City, Iowa, November 7, 1912.
Their retirement home at what is now #53, 5th St., was built by Paul Sigmund, a respected carpenter of those years, at a cost of $2,800. That house stands today with few alterations, as does the house on their farm.
The family was of Methodist faith, having been members of the Prairie Chapel Church and then transferring to the Methodist Church in Central City, upon retirement.
William and Sarah’s children were:
1. Nettie Illini, was born July 18, 1867, married Richard H.
Gray, September 13, 1893, at her parents home. Nettie died
September 15, 1911. Nettie and Richard were both doctors in
Anamosa, Iowa before moving to Texas, where their daughter,
Ruth Johnson lives today. They had a son, Richard, who died
at the age of 6 in July 1908, while the family was visiting
Nettie’s parents. The boy is buried at Jordan’s Grove.
2. Willis Ralph (March 22, 1869-April 8, 1953) married
Myrtle Isabelle Andrews, March 4, 1896. She died August 29,
1962, at age 86 years. Both are buried at Jordan’s Grove Cemetery (Bk. II, F-87). Their children were: Wallace Harold (Bk.
II, F-88), Ethel Vinetta, Bessie Marie, Wilma Laura, Mary lone,
William Paul, Gladys Lavona, and Kenneth Ivan.
3. Oscar Sherman was born October 28, 1871 and married Margie Jenkins on November 16, 1892, at the home of the bride’s parents, Mr. and Mrs. J. L. Jenkins. To this union were born a son, Ralph, December 14, 1893, and a daughter, Rachel, born March 1, 1896.
4. Cora Alice (November 1, 1876-December 14, 1960) marriedThomas Wilkinson, April 4, 1907, at the home of the bride’s parents. Thomas died February 1968. Both are buried at Jordan’s Grove. They had three daughters, Nelevene Illini, Kathryn, Dorothy, and one son, Thomas E. "Wendell", who farmed south of Springville for several years.
5. Earl L. (September 27, 1878-December 14, 1954) married Fannie Vesta McAtee, daughter of Frank McAtee (Bk. I, F-il), who lived east of the old Kearns later Pleasant Valley (Bk. II, Schools).
6. Jessie Pearl (July 15, 1882-August 24, 1967) married Richard Allen "Dick" Bowdish, September 17, 1908, at the home of the bride’s parents. Richard died in 1967. They had a daughter, Mary Catherine, born October 13, 1915, and a son Albert, born May 1, 1918. Dick and Jessie lived on the home farm of her parents, which they bought in 1913, until their retirement to Colorado. They wanted to be near the home of their daughter and husband, Merrill Jordan (Bk. I, F-32). Albert married Pearl Engstrom and both were missionaries in India until retirement. They now live in Oklahoma (Bk. II, F-18).
It is interesting to note here that William’s son, Willis, married the granddaughter of Levi Brown Andrews who had also served in the Civil War. (Bk. IL, F-3). Also to note that George B. Aikin (Bk. II, F-I) had also served in the Civil War and to wonder if the paths of these three men had ever crossed or had they ever met during their enlistments. George B. Aikin and William FL. Goodlove were great grandfathers, respectively, of Winton Goodlove, and Levi B. Andrews was his great, great, grandfather.[57]
January 6, 1942: Molotov hands over information on mass graves. [58]
January 6 to January 29, 1966: During the final weeks of Vatican II, there was read a Papal document, a Special Jubilee from January 6 to January 29, 1966; among other things it granted confessors power to absolve penitents from censure incurred for belonging to the Masonic Order or other forbidden societies.[59]
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[1] http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03724b.htm
[2] http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03724b.htm
[3] www.cohen-levi.org, Introducing Islam by Dr. Shams Inati, pg 42.
[4] Introducing Islam by Dr. Shams Inati, pg 42.
[5] Introducing Islam by Dr. Shams Inati, pg 42.
[6] Introducing Islam, Dr. Shams Inati, page 64.
[7] That Dark and Bloody River by Allan W. Eckert, xviii
[8] Allegheny County. County formed out of Westmoreland and Washington Counties on September 24, 1788. Named for the Allegheny River—justifiably so, as it comprised most of PA northwest of the Allegheny River. County seat of Pittsburgh was laid-out in 1764. Population in 1790 Census was 10,309.
[9] http://www.thelittlelist.net/abetoawl.htm#abenaki
[10] Henshel’s Indian Museum, Elkhart Lake, WI July 23, 2011.
[11] Henshel’s Indian Museum, Elkhart Lake, WI July 23, 2011.
[12] Chain of Tradition-Kohanim through the Ages . DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004, pg 115.
[13] The Art Museum, Austin TX. February 11, 2012
[14] Art Museum, Austin, TX February 11, 2012.
[15] Trial by Fire, by Harold Rawlings, page 28-29.
[16] Saint Patrick: The Man, the Myth, 1997, HISTI.
[17] The Dark Ages, HISTI, 3/4/2007
[18] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[19] Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History, by David B. Goldstein page 77.
[20] University of Chicago. Photo by JG.
[21] Oriental Museum, University of Chicago. 12/1/2008 Photo by JG.
[22] Oriental Museum, University of Chicago, 12/20/2008
[23] Oriental Museum, University of Chicago, 12/20/2008 Photo by Jeff Goodlove
[24] Warriors, Richard th Lionheart and Saladin, MIL 8/11/2009
[25] http //thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[26] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[27] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[28] http://www.nps.gov/archive/fone/1754.htm
[29] In Search of Turkey Foot Road, page 90-91.
[30] In Search of Turkey Foot Road, page 91.
[31] http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/gwhtml/gwtime.html
[32] Diary of David McClure, Doctor of Divinity 1748-1820 with notes by Franklin B. Dexter, M.A. 1899. pg.107.
[33] MINUTE BOOK OF VIRGINIA COURT HELD FOR YOHOGANIA COUNTY, FIRST AT AUGUSTA TOWN (NOW WASHINGTON, PA.), AND AFTER WARDS ON THE ANDREW HEATH FARM NEAR WEST ELIZABETH; 1776-1780.EDITED BY BOYD CRUMRINE, OF WASHINGTON, PA.
[34] From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U.; Emahiser, 1969, pp. 246-247.
[35] (Hamilton County Ohio Cemetery Inscriptions, Rober Craig, Volume II, page 22-23) some five years different than Rev. Ege reported.
[36] (http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[37] (Hamilton County Ohio Cemetery Inscriptions, Robert Craig, Vol. II, Pages 22-23, and Historical & Philosophical Society of Ohio, October 1953, Bulletin No 4. Pages 340-341.)
[38] http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[39] Hamilton County Ohio Cemetery Inscriptions, Robert Craig, Volume II, Page 22-23
[40] Dodson Genealogy 1600 - 1907, Rev. Thompson P. Ege, A.M.. Deemer & Jaisohn. Philadelphia. PA.
[41] http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html
[42] From River Clyde, page 267.
[43] From River Clyde, page 267
[44] William Harrison goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove
[45] A History of the 24th Iowa Infantry by Harvey H Kimball, August 1974, page 190.
[46] A History of the 24th Iowa Infantry by Harvey H Kimball, August 1974, page 190.
[47]History of the 24th Infantry. http://www.geocities.com/pentagon/quarters/1860/history.htm
[48] A History of the 24th Iowa Infantry by Harvey H Kimball, August 1974, page 190.
[49] Moved to Baltimore, Md., January 6-7.
UNION IOWA VOLUNTEERS, 24th Regiment, Iowa Infantry: http://www.itd.nps.gov/cwss/template.cfm?unitname=24th%20Regiment%2C%20Iowa%20Infantry&unitcode=UIA0024RI
[50] The Iowa State Memorial is located on the South Loop, Union Avenue at milepost 15.3 of the park tour road. It was dedicated on November 15, 1906 and construction completed in 1912 at a cost of $100,000. The memorial was constructed of Vermont white granite. The Greek-Doric structure is semi-elipsed with six bronze relief panels which depict successive engagements in the Vicksburg Campaign. The sculptured works were made of bronze by H.H. Kitson. (Vicksburg National Military park. http://www.nps.gov/vick/ia/ia stm.htm
[51] Roster of Iowa Soldiers in the War of the Rebellion, Vol. III 24th Regiment by Guy E. Logan.
http://www.usgennet. org/usa/ia/county/linn/civil war/24th/24 history p2.htm
[52] The Ku Klux Klan: A Study of the American Mind, by John Moffatt Mecklin, Ph. D, 1924, page 213-214.
[53] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Wegener
[54] Winton Goodlove papers.
[55] Winton Goodlove papers.
[56] Winton Goodlove papers.
[57] Winton Goodlove:A History of Central City Ia and the Surrounding Area Book ll 1999
[58] http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/Chronology_1942.html
[59] http://www.mastermason.com/bridgeportlodge181/MASHST11.HTM
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