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Jeffery Lee Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), Jefferson, LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, and including ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Adams, John Quincy Adams and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Martin Van Buren, Teddy Roosevelt, U.S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison “The Signer”, Benjamin Harrison, Jimmy Carter, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, William Taft, John Tyler (10th President), James Polk (11th President)Zachary Taylor, and Abraham Lincoln.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://wwwfamilytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
Birthdays on June 7….
Bertha M. Armstrong (1st cousin of the husband of the 1st cousin 2x removed)
Charlee A. Bickel (2nd cousin 1x removed)
DeLanee S. Casey (2nd cousin 1x removed)
John C. Cavender (6th cousin 5x removed)
Marion G. Deen Marugg (wife of the 1st cousin 1x removed)
Elizabeth Hockman Younkin
Nancy C. King Smith (wife of the 5th cousin 6x removed)
John C. Kirkpatrick (5th cousin)
Roy R. Kirkpatrick (4th cousin 1x removed)
Anne Martin Bagby (3rd cousin 6x removed)
Daniel McKinnon (2nd cousin 5x removed)
Jack L. Mckinnon (4th cousin 1x removed)
Sarah Taliaferro (2nd cousin 8x removed)
Rebecca Truax (3rd great grandaunt of the ex)
Samuel Winch (half 6th great granduncle)
June 7, 1567: The rebel lords march against this castle with the forces which they had mustered, and surround it. Nevertheless Bothwell (Husband of the 5th cousin 13x removed) and Mary (5th cousin 13x removed) manage to escape during the night, and betake themselves to Dunbar. [1]
June 7, 1572:— The Earl of Northumberland, Henry Percy (7th great grandfather of the wife of the 1st cousin), who had remained prisoner at Lochleven ever since the insurrection of 1569, was conducted to Eyemouth,^[2] and delivered to Lord Hunsdon, who caused him to be removed secretly to Berwick. [3]
June 7, 1618: Lord De La Warr died at sea on June 7, 1618, when he was on his
way to take over the control of the Colony from Argall, who had rendered
himself obnoxious to the Virginia Company. Owing to this fatality
Argall retained his office until the arrival of Yeardley from England.
When he closed his administration the "Forts, Towns, and Plantations"
in Virginia were "James Citty, Henrico, Charles City and Hundred,
Shirley Hundred, Arrahattock, Martin Brandon and Kiccoughtan, all of
which were but poorly housed and manned." [4]
June 7, 1628: Charles I assented to the petition on June 7,[58] but by the end of the month he had prorogued Parliament (7th cousin 11x removed)and re-asserted his right to collect customs duties without authorisation from Parliament.[59]
Despite Charles's agreement to provide the French with English ships as a condition of marrying Henrietta Maria (wife of the 7th cousin 11x removed), he reneged upon his earlier promise and in 1628 instead launched a an attack on the French coast led by Buckingham to defend the Huguenots at La Rochelle,[60] thereby driving a wedge between the English and French Crowns that was not surmounted for the duration of the Thirty Years' War.[40] Buckingham's failure to protect the Huguenots – and his retreat from Saint-Martin-de-Ré – spurred Louis XIII's siege of La Rochelle and furthered the English Parliament's and people's detestation of the duke.[61][5]
June 7, 1654: Louis XIV (brother in law of the 8th cousin 10x removed) was crowned King of France. Louis’ record in dealing with the Jews was, uneven to say the least. In keeping with the mercantilist policies of his minister Colbert, Louis issued a charter of liberty for Jews under royal authority in 1671. Among other things, this opened up the port of Marseilles as a harbor where Jews could trade freely, much to the consternation of the local Christian merchants. When the merchants complained, Louis (in a reply probably written by Colbert) responded: “Commercial envy will always impel the Christian merchants to persecute Jews. But you should be above such motives that issue from personal interests. You should take into consideration the benefits the government derives from the industrial activity of the Jews, which comprises all the parts of the world thanks to their association with their coreligionists.” This benign attitude did not last forever. As Colbert fell from favor and Louis grew more pious as he grew older, he acceded to demands to ban Jews from various parts of his empire. In 1710, “He ordered Jews ‘to leave the kingdom without any belongings,’ and told local officials to take any and all means to expel Jews ‘because that is our wish.’”[6]
Louis XIV
Louis XIV of France.jpg
Louis XIV by Hyacinthe Rigaud (1701)
King of France and Navarre
Reign
May 14, 1643 – September 1, 1715
Coronation
June 7, 1654
Predecessor
Louis XIII
Successor
Louis XV
Regent
Anne of Austria (until 1651)
Spouse
Maria Theresa of Spain
Françoise d'Aubigné
more...
Issue
Louis, Grand Dauphin
Marie Anne, Duchess of La Vallière
Louis, Count of Vermandois
Louis Auguste, Duke of Maine
Louise Françoise, Duchess of Bourbon
Louis Alexandre, Count of Toulouse
Françoise Marie, Duchess of Orléans
Louise de Maisonblanche
House
House of Bourbon
Father
Louis XIII of France
Mother
Anne of Austria
[7]
June 7, 1703
Christopher Smith's (9th great granduncle) occupation prior to his appointment at Wm & Mary in 1716 has always been somewhat of a mystery. The answer may lie in his second marriage to Lydia Broadribb which seems an improbable match given their age. William Broadribb's will notes: “Excepting the land whereon the Schoole house now standeth with half an Acre of Land & fire wood of [mutilated] my Land I do give for the use of a Schoole for ever” Will of William Broadribb, 7 Jun 1703. This opens the possibility that Christopher was the master at Broadribb's school. Some background on colonial Virginia schools and teachers follows:
“Beverley, who wrote in 1703, says: " There are large tracts of land, houses and other things granted to free schools for the education of children in many parts of the country, and some of these are so large that of themselves they are a handsome maintenance to a master; but the additional allowance which gentlemen give with their sons render them a comfortable subsistence. These schools have been founded by the legacies of well-inclined gentlemen, and the management of them hath commonly been left to the direction of the county court, or the vestry of their respective parishes." After this time we learn of many such schools in the county records, the most interesting being Mrs. Mary Whaley's free school in York County, established in 1706, and William Broadrib's in James City County, established about the same time.” Williamsburg The Old Colonial Capital by Lyon Gardiner.
“The justices' intervention in this instance was only in conformity with the general supervision which they and their fellows exercised over all the schoolmasters. The county records show that the county court very frequently recommended to the Governor particular teachers whom they thought fully entitled to receive the license required; for instance, in 1699, the justices of Elizabeth City requested that officer to confer on Stephen Lylly the right to teach; and the same year they apparently made a similar request in Charles Goring's behalf. The latter was declared to be competent to instruct youth in reading, writing, and arithmetic; the former in writing and the English tongue. It would seem that at this time (and this was also probably the case at earlier periods) the first step on a pedagogue's part towards opening a school was to petition the county court to obtain the necessary license from the Governor; and in order to justify the court in doing this, the applicant had to give proofs ' of his learning . The justices practically decided whether he should or should not be allowed to become a teacher, for if they found him incapable, they simply declined to recommend him to the Governor; and when they refused to recommend any one, it is not probable that that official bestowed the license in opposition to their decision. Indeed, the granting of licenses was a purely formal act on the Governor's part, as he, being called upon to make so many appointments of schoolmasters, was compelled to be guided by the recommendations of the county courts. Every county court in Virginia was, about 1699, required to return to the Council Office at Jamestown a list of all the schools situated in its own jurisdiction; and also a statement as to whether the persons fill1ng the position of teacher had obtained licenses or not. Should it be found that some were following this calling without having secured the necessary certificate, then they were to be granted such certificate without any charge, should an examination of their qualifications prove them to be fit and capable; it was evidently the desire of the authorities from whom this order came that the advantage of retaining competent teachers, already busily occupied with their duties, should not be jeoparded by the imposition of any fee.” Institutional History of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century by Phillip Alexander Bruce. [8]
June 7, 1712: The Pennsylvania Assembly bans slavery in the colony.[9]
Sarah Taliaferro (b. June 7, 1727). [10]
June 7, 1742: Joseph Vance born 7-Jun-1742 in N.C. The s/o Samuel Vance born 1691, and Sarah "Blackburn" Vance. He married Penina Vance.[11]
June 7, 1742
The Spanish are repulsed by the English in the Battle of Bloody Marsh off the coast of Georgia, during the War of Jenkins’ Ear.[12]
June 7, 1767: In August 7, 1766 Catherine Lanham (5th great grandmother), administratrix, officially verifies the will of Edward Lanham (husband of the 5th great grandmother) her late husband(50)[13]. In late March or early April 1767, the final accounting of Edward Lanham's estate was made by Daniel (5th great grandfather) and Catherine McKinnon(51[14] 52[15]). St John's parish register shows Daniel, son of Daniel and Catharine McKinnon was (born April 19, 1767) baptized June 7, 1767(53)[16]. These finding
when taken together indicate Daniel re-married and his second wife was Catherine Lanham. In 1768 Daniel appears to have again returned to England and was ordained by the Bishop of London
in 1768(54[17]). Hardly something that would have been done if Daniel had been divorced. Thus it suggests
that Ruth (wife of the 5th great grandmother) may have died.
Daniel returned to Maryland in 1769 and is listed as the Minister at All Saints Parish in Frederick
County, Maryland(55)[18].
In 1772 he is listed as the Minister at St. Margaret's Westminister (Broad Neck) Parish back in Anne
Arundel County Maryland(56[19]). (This parish is a peninsula of land on the Chesapeake Bay between the
Severn and Magothy Rivers and near Annapolis)
The Church of England was dis-established in Maryland in 1777. According to various histories of
the colonial church, Daniel McKinnon was one of the ministers who returned to England. There is
also speculation that he died while a sea during this trip(57)[20].
Surprisingly for the times there is no evidence that Ruth McKinnon and Eleanor's (step 4th great grandaunt) father were in anyway held criminally responsible for the adultery which was considered a serious crime at the time. The only punishment that can be found is Daniels' publication of the illegitimate birth and the resulting scandal. Could it be that Eleanor's father was of such influence that the crime was not further pursued?
June 7, 1771; Agreed with Mr. Pendleton of Frederick for all trhe land to be included by a line to be run from northwest corner of Owen Thomas’ patent to a corner of the land on which James McCormick[21] lives; my line supposed to contain about 180 acres for L 200, the money to be paid in 2 years with interest from the 25th of Next December. This year’s rent to be paid to me, and only a special warrantee to be given with the land. Got done breaking up my corn ground at the mill.[22]
FROM MR. JAMES CLEVELAND.
CANHAWA GREAT BEND
June 7th 1775
SIR
These lines Comes to Let you know how I go one With improven First I Cleard & got in Corn[23] abote 20 or 25 acares or More Which is More then I rote Before I have bult as Much as Would be praised To about i6o Pounds by the Men that is to praise It as the lands is hard to Clear & rail timber very Schase [?] I find from Expearance that buldin is the Best Way I have rote So Much about the Saryents That I Shall Say No more about them as I got All them from the Townes but one & the king Brought him a Cross the ohio to Fort blare but Before I Could git their he had Swam over So That I have him to go after a gain & as I have lost 6o od Dayes all ready I am resolved Not to Fetch him home again I Must Tack any thing I Can git again these that are hear I am a Bliged to Watch I rote to you that one of them Must be drownded but the indanes Saved his life So I have got him again -the- The time Lost And Expences is More then I Can sell them for I have but 12 bushells of Corn at this time & know Meat to be had & the hands threatenes to run a Way know & When there is No bread thay will stay NotAso I thinck it best to Trie to git some Down & as I am a huge to send up to the botomes I have Sent three of the Sarvents To Major Crawford (6th great grandfather) & Directed him to Sell them on the best Turmes he Can I have No Cash to Send for provisions but Gives & order on you Which I Expect will Doe if Not to bring the Corn I left at Sympsons & if got to leave & Exxact a Count of it & all That Thay bring so that When you Call for it you May know what stock I have Cpt Russell Who has Assisted Me in Gitting of The Sarvents has all so promist Me Salt And some Meat & three Cowes tho it Tis Contrary To his Directions the Letter No 9 I thought to a Bought all the Cattel but as the Indains At this time is Not sattesfied about the treaty And ar Ware en1 the white Skalpe that thay Got last year I Shall Not by any thing that I Can Do With thout the improvement seames Two Small Which mackes me Desiros that you Should Come out as soon as Possebele you Can. But if the affares of aMerica Would Not aMit of that Right very full to Me about your affares hear & all so let me know: affares is ther When you look at the Worck Done remember That fore of the hands has Done Nare Dayes Worck sence Thay Came hear & Lost time & know thay must go by Warter for it tis Much as thay Can Doe to walck know about As I have menchioned in the letters before aBout Close Some of which Will Come to hand Be Cause I inClosed them To Mr John peak & pr favour of Mr Roberts Lewtenant So I Con Clude yours to Command
JAMES CLEVELAND
June 7, 1776: On June 7, 1776, Richard Henry Lee of Virginia, who had issued the first call for a congress of the Coloneis, introduced in the Continental Congress at Philadelphia a resolution declaring Philadelphia A RESOLUTION DECLARING :that these United Colonies are and of right ought to be free and independent States, that they are absolved from allegiance to the Britiah Crown, and thath all political connection between them and the state of Great Britain is and ought to be totally dissolved. That a plan of confederation be prepared and transmitted to the respective Colonies for their consideration and approbation.”
Declaration of Independence
On June 7, 1776, John Adams (8th cousin 4x removed of the wife of the 1st cousin 10x removed) seconded the resolution of independence introduced by Richard Henry Lee that "these colonies are, and of a right ought to be, free and independent states," and championed the resolution until it was adopted by Congress on July 2, 1776. [24] The resolution, seconded by John Adams for the Massachusetts delegation, came up next on June 10, when a five man committee (headed by Thomas Jefferson (brother in law of the 1st great grand nephew of the wife of the 1st cousin 10x removed) of Virginia, with Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, John Adams of Massachusetts, Robert R. Linvgston of New York, and Robert Sherman of Connecticut) was chosen to draft the Declaration. [25]
Battle of Connecticut Farms - June 7, 1780[26]
June 7, 1782: See report dated "Camp Upper Sandusky, June 7, 1782," of Lieut. John Turney of Corps of Rangers, to Major A. S. De Peyster, British Commandant at Detroit. (Washington-Irvine Correspondence, p. 368.)[27]
[June 7, 1782—Friday]
With a start, Col. Crawford (6th great grandfather) awoke in the darkness. A glance at the moon and stars showed him that dawn was not far off. So exhausted had he and the five others been from the attle, the flight and the lack of sleep that, shortly after settling down to await nightfall yesterday, they had all fallen into a deep slumber. Now, mentally cursing himself over the loss of valuable travel time under the cover of darkness, the commander quickly awakened the others and, cautioning them to silence-especially the four who had joined them, since their voices had announced their approach before they were seen—he now led them eastward.
As they strode along single file in the predawn darkness, they crossed a stream running southwest, which Crawford accurately assumed was the headwaters of the Sandusky River.[28] Immediately after the crossing they came to a well—traveled trail that, in the poor light, they mistook for the trail they had followed on the way to reach the Sandusky villages. Convinced that the army they were endeavoring to rejoin could not be very far ahead, they followed it at increased speed, congratulating themselves on their success thus far in their escape.
They were a bit premature. The trail was not, in fact, the one that they had followed on the way out but was, instead, the main Indian trail from the upper Sandusky villages to the village of the powerful Delaware chief who had been so prominent at the battle, Wingenund. However, so convinced were they that they could only be a short distance behind the army that, as dawn lightened the eastern horizon, they put aside their plan to go into hiding during the daylight hours and continued following the trail. The morning grew brighter, and the air soon was vibrant with the cheerful sound of meadowlarks and robins and other songbirds greeting the new day with their territorial warblings. For over half an hour the men followed the trail as the day gradually became brighter.
It was close to sunrise when Crawford, becoming progressively more concerned, came to the conclusion that the trail they were following was not, in fact, the one by which they had arrived. It was not quite so broad as that one, and, equally disconcerting now that they could see the ground clearly, there was no evidence that the main army had passed this way. In a low voice Col. Crawford made known his growing fears to the others, cautioned them to be especially on the alert and began looking for a place where they could go into hiding for the day.
It was already too late for that. A dozen of Wingenund’s warriors, themselves unseen, had glimpsed the six men approaching and instantly realized they were Americans, even though they were walking in single file as the Indians habitually traveled. The Delawares quickly took up a position in hiding near the edge of a fairly open woodland to waylay and capture them.
Crawford and his men had already decided to hole up for the day in that very woods, and they came to it without pause, wholly unsuspecting of any trouble until the Delawares leaped into view with leveled guns and ordered them to throw down their weapons and surrender. Instantly assessing the situation, the colonel, who was in the lead and most vulnerable, obeyed the command, but behind him the reaction was different.
“Scatter!” Capt. Biggs shouted, and the five men behind Crawford plunged off the trail and into the woods like startled deer. Dr. Knight treed behind a large oak nearby, but the other four kept going, running at top speed and staying fairly close together. The surgeon snapped off a shot at the leader of the Indians but missed in his haste.
“Stop shooting!” Crawford called. “It’s no good. Throw down your gun and surrender, or they’ll kill you.”
Dr. Knight, on the verge of being killed by the Indians, tossed his weapon to the
ground and emerged from behind the tree with his hands raised. The leader of the Indians, a tall, well-built young man, gave an order and the gun was snatched up at once. The surgeon was brought back to the trail. At the same time half the warriors raced off in pursuit of the four whites who had escaped.[29]
The leader of the six remaining Delaware’s recognized Col. Crawford and stepped forward and took his hand. The colonel breathed a little easier, taking this as a demonstration of friendship. It was not; rather, it was a public avowal to the other warriors that, as the leader, this warrior was claiming the capture of Col. William Crawford, knowing that when word of it spread, he would receive much acclaim as the captor of their dreaded enemy.
Crawford and Knight, with two warriors ahead of them and four behind, were now taken the remaining short distance to Wingenund’s Village and confined with nine other soldiers already being held prisoner there, all of whom were greatly heartened at seeing their commander.[30] Crawford immediately asked to see Wingenund, whom he knew well from that chief’s numerous visits to Fort Pitt in the past. They had become more than mere acquaintances, and once, in fact, Wingenund had even stayed overnight as a guest in Crawford’s house.
In a short while Wingenund appeared and shook hands with Crawford, but his expression was grim, his demeanor cold.
“Don’t you remember me, Wingenund?” Crawford asked.
“I remember you well, Crawford.”
“Do you remember that we were friends?”
“Yes, I remember all this and that we have often drunk together and that you have been kind to me.”
“Then I would hope,” Crawford said earnestly, “the same friendship still continues.”
“We would still be friends if you were in your proper place and not here.”
“What do you mean by that, Wingenund? I hope you would not desert a friend in time of need. Now is the time for you to exert yourself in my behalf, as I would do for you if you were in my place.”
Wingenund shook his head and made a slashing gesture with one hand. “No! You have placed yourself in a position where your former friends cannot help you.”
“And how have I done that? Friends are friends, and they should always help one another.”
“There is the matter,” Wingenund said slowly, “of the cruel murder of some of my people who had become Moravians, who would not fight and whose only business was praying. The Delawares—and the Wyandots and Shawnees, too—are very angry for what happened and are crying aloud for revenge.”
Crawford nodded. “Your anger and theirs is justified. I myself thought those murders were despicable, and I spoke out strongly against those who committed them. I had no part in them. I, and other friends of yours and all other good men, oppose such acts.”
“That may be. I believe it. I have always felt that you are a good man, Colonel Crawford. Yet you and these friends and other good men did not prevent him from going out again to kill the remainder of those inoffensive yet foolish Moravian Indians. I say foolish,” Wingenund added, “because they believed the whites in preference to us. We had often told them that they would one day be so treated by those people who called themselves their friends. We told them there was no faith to be placed in what the white men said; that their fair promises were only intended to allure, in order that they might more easily kill us, as they have done many Indians before they killed those Moravians.”
His surge of optimism oozing away, Crawford shook his head. “I am sorry to hear you say that, Wingenund. As for Williamson’s going out again, when it was known he was determined on it, I went out with him to prevent his committing fresh murders.”
Wingenund snorted in derision. “This,” he said, a note of irritation in his voice, “the Indians would not believe, even were I to tell them so.”
“And why wouldn’t they believe it?”
“Because it would have been out of your power to prevent his doing what he pleased.”
“Out of my power?” Crawford protested. “Have any Moravians been killed or hurt since he came out?”
“None. But you went first to their town and finding it empty and deserted, you turned on the path toward us. If you had been in search of warriors only, you would not have done so. Our spies watched you closely. They saw you while you were gathering on the other side of the Ohio. They saw you cross that river. They saw you when you camped at night. They saw you turn off from the path to the Moravian town. They knew you were going out of your way. Your steps were constantly watched and you were allowed to proceed until you reached the spot where you were attacked.”
Crawford started to interject something, but Wingenund cut him off with another slashing gesture of his hand. “No! What you did, Colonel Crawford, was wrong. You departed from where you should be. You not only made no effort to punish that bad man, Colonel Williamson, now you have gone to war with him against us. Williamson was the man we wanted but unfortunately he ran off with others in the night at the whistling of our warriors’ balls, being satisfied that now he had not Moravians to deal with, but men who could fight and with such he did not want to have anything to do. Now,” he said, and here a tone of regret crept into Wingenund’s voice, “you must pay for Williamson’s crime because you have not attended to the Indian principle that as good and evil cannot dwell together in the same heart, so a good man ought not to go into evil company.”
“What will they do with me now?” Crawford asked, his voice barely a whisper.
“I say, as Williamson has escaped and they have taken you, they will take revenge on you in his stead.”
“And is there no possibility of preventing this? Can’t you somehow get me off? I promise you, Wingenund, if you can save my life, you’ll be well rewarded.”
Wingenund shook his head emphatically. “Had Wiffiamson been taken with you, I and some friends, by making use of what you have told me might, perhaps, have succeeded in saving you. But as the matter now stands, no man would dare to interfere in your behalf. The King of England himself, were he to come to this spot with all his wealth and treasure, could not do so. The blood of innocent Moravians, more than half of them women and children, cruelly and wantonly murdered, calls out for revenge. The relatives of the slain, who are among us, cry out and stand ready for revenge. The Shawnees, our grandchildren, have asked for your fellow prisoner,” he pointed at Dr. Knight, “and on him they will take revenge.” His voice rose with wrath. “All the nations connected with us cry out, revenge! Revenge! The Moravians, whom you went to destroy, having fled instead of avenging their brethren, the offense has become national and the nation itself is bound to take revenge.”
With nothing left to say, Wingenund sadly shook his head and walked away, leaving Crawford crestfallen and without hope.
Less than an hour later, the Delawares who had set out after Capt. John Biggs and his four men returned bearing five bloody scalps, two of which Crawford recognized as the hair of Biggs and Lt. Hankerson Ashby.[31]
It was just after sunset this same day that Thomas McQueen and the lieutenant and Frenchman accompanying him stopped in their flight, this time planning to get a full night’s rest, as much for their horses as for themselves. Since the beginning of the wild retreat, when they had become separated from the main army, they had moved along at a steady pace day and night, pausing only four times, for an hour each time, to give their jaded horses a much-needed rest. Now, only a short distance from the old Fort Laurens area—as McQueen put it, “within spittin’ distance of home”—they hobbled their horses in a meadow clearing in the woods and stretched out nearby.
Having had nothing to eat these past two days except a handful of parched corn apiece, they were ravenous. The Frenchman suggested they hunt some game, but McQueen said he thought it would not be a good idea, as a gunshot might be heard by Indians. A few minutes later, however, the lieutenant, turning his head as he lay supine in the grass, saw a raccoon climbing about in the upper branches of a tree.
“By God,” he exclaimed, “there’s dinner!”
He snatched up his rifle and, over McQueen’s protests, ran over to the tree and brought down the raccoon with a single shot through the head. He carried it back to the other men, grinning broadly, told McQueen to gather up some firewood and started to skin the dead animal. McQueen reluctantly got to his feet, and the lieutenant had no more than inserted his knife blade under the raccoon’s skin when a party of ten Wyandots emerged from the trees with their guns trained on the three volunteers. They had no choice but to surrender.
As nightfall approached, the eight Chippewa captors of Pvts. Michael Walters and Christopher Coffman stopped at their temporary camp a few miles to the east of Wingenund’s Town. Now, however, instead of having just the two captives, they had three.
After the Indians had ambushed them and Joshua Collins managed to escape, the Chippewas had started with their captives back to their own little camp a mile or so from where Walters and Coffman had been captured.
Shortly after the Chippewas began marching the two prisoners toward their camp, they came across a wounded volunteer sitting on the edge of the trail—Pvt. James Guffee. He had taken a bullet through his shoulder during the retreat but had not been knocked out of the saddle, and he managed to get this far through the prairie before he collapsed, weak and exhausted, and fell to the ground. When he finally came back to awareness, his horse was nowhere in sight. He had walked until he had come across this trail, where he had sat down to rest and where the Chippewa party found him. Knowing he was not strong enough to flee from the approaching Chippewas, he simply drew his hunting knife from its sheath, threw it in the trail and made no resistance to being taken captive.
Michael Walters gave Pvt. Guffee some jerky to eat, and within minutes it seemed to have a decidedly recuperative effect upon him. This was perhaps in part inspired by Walters whispering to him that if he was unable to walk along with them as a captive, he would be tomahawked. In a few minutes they were on their way again. It was deep twilight before they finally arrived at the camp of the Chippewas in a secluded glen within a small grove of trees. The instant they stopped, Pvt. James Guffee slumped to the ground. He did not look at all well, and both Walters and Coffman noticed that his shirt was showing fresh blood from his shoulder wound.
“I hope,” Walters murmured to his companion, “the rest he’ll get tonight will help him.”
Christopher Coffman nodded, but he seriously doubted it.[32]
June 7th Thursday, 1782
June 7th Thursday [Friday],we moved off at the dawn of Day. Not an hour after, we heard the Scalp hIalloo, and found that the ennemy had scalped a Boy of ours who with two others remained behind to bake Bread. These were taken, this unfortunate Boy (John hayes) was shot in the Shoulder on Tuesday. On Wednesday the party of mounted Yagers Wounded him with a Tomahawk in the Skull, but were obliged to leave him behind, being hot pursued by our horse. he having a Breech Olous &c [sic] on, and the Blood of his Wound having painted his face & breast quite red, he was taken for an Indian & 2 of our Men levelled their rifles at him to shut him, [sic] when he begged for God’s sake not to be killed and told his name. He seemed a little franctic after this last Wound and could not escape his fate of being scalped,
We march’d with little Order but much precipitatjoy?~ over the beach ridge, where the road was much softer & deeper after Yesterday’s Rain, this gives ?rue reason to suspect that the different seasons must have a great influenice Upon the Practicability of passing it.
We continued to Day the plainest path as mentioned in this Journal June 3nd which led us into the glades near Mohickin John’s Town, where we encamped along the Banks of the Creek.[33]
The following is the British and Indian official correspondence concerning the expedition:
[ John Turney TO MAJOR A. S. De Peyster, CoMMANDER AT DETROIT.]
“CAMP UPPER SANDUSKY, June 7, 1782.
“Sir:—I am happy in having the pleasure of acquainting you with our success on the 4th and 5th instant. On the 4th, about 12 o’clock, the enemy appeared about two miles from this place. Captain [William] Caldwell, with the rangers and about two hundred Indians, marched out to~ fight them, and attacked them about 2 o’clock. The enemy immediately retreated to a copse of wood at a little distance, where they made a stand and had every advantage of us as to situation of ground people possibly could wish for; as there was but a small neck of woods that we could get possession of, which, when we once gained, the action became general and was dubious for some time till we obliged them to retreat about fifty yards, after which we were able to cover most of our men. The battle was very hot till night, which put a stop to firing. Both parties kept their ground all night.
“On the 5th at daybreak, we again commenced firing, which we kept up pretty briskly till we found the enemy did not wish to oppose us again. However, we kept firing at them whenever they dared show themselves. They made two attempts to sally, but were repulsed with loss. About 12 o’clock, we were joined by one hundred and forty Shawanese, and had got the enemy surrounded; but, through some mistake of the Indians, there was one pass left unguarded, through which they made their escape about 12 o’clock at night, though some of the Indians pursued them.
“They [the Indiansi never alarmed our camp until daybreak. As soon as I heard of it Ithe retreat of the Americans], I pursued them with the rangers about two miles. The enemy were mostly on horseback. Some of the Indians who had horses followed and overtook them, killed a number, and it was owing to nothing but the country being very clear that any of them escaped.
“Captain Caldwell was wounded in both legs, the ball lodging in one. He left the field in the beginning of the action. Our loss is very inconsiderable. We had but one ranger killed and two wounded. LelTillier, the interpreter, and four Indians were killed and eight wounded. The loss of the enemy is one hundred killed and fifty wounded, as we are informed by the prisoners. The number of the killed we are certain of.
“Captain Caidwell started for Lower Sandusky on the evening of the 4th instant. I intend to march there likewise in a day or two, where I shall wait your orders unless something should turn up before I hear. from. you. They say [General George Rogers] Clark will be in the Shawanese country and that Sandusky is the most proper place for us to be at, till such time as we are certain the report is true.
“Too much cannot be said in praise of the officers and men and the Indians. No people could behave better. Captain [Matthew] Elliott and Lieutenant Clinch in particular signalized themselves.
“Major DE PEYSTER. JOHN TURNEY, Lieut. Corps of Rangers.”[34]
John Turney to Major A. S. De Peyster, Commanding at Detroit.
“CAMP UPPER SANDUSKY, June 7, 1782.
“Sir:—I am desired by the Wyandots to return you thanks for the assistance you have sent them just in time of need, and they hope their Father will send them some provisions, ammunition and some clothing, as they say they are quite naked. They beg if possible a few more men; and the Half King a little rum to drink his majesty’s health and the day on which he was born, as that was the day on which they defeated the enemy. They hope you will tell the Indians in general at Detroit to be ready to come to their assistance as soon as they send a runner, which may be in a few days as the enemy are coming into the Shawanese country. I am your most obedient, humble servant. John Turney,
“Lieut. of the Rangers, commanding Upper Sandusky. “Major De Peyster.”[35]
SPEECH OF CAPTAIN SNAKE ON BEHALF OF THE MINGOES, SHAWANESE AND DELAWARES TO DE PEYSTER.]
“UPPER SANDUSKY, ,June 8 [7], 1782.
“Father:— What we asked of you this spring, it is needless to repeat, you granted to us. Your assistance came in good time. We have, with your people, defeated the enemy. There is another army coming against us from Kentucky. This we are certain of, not only from prisoners, but from our young men who are watching them.
“Father! We hope you will again grant our request and let the rangers remain at Lower Sandusky about ten days and then march for our villages~ We hope, if possible, you will send some more of your people and stores, such as are necessary for warriors, with cannon and provision sufficient to maintain the Indians you may send to us. This you cannot do too soon, as we are determined if the enemy do not come into our country that we will go into theirs; and we will give you all the assistance in our power to transport your provision and what other necessaries you may send for your people.
“We hope, Father! you will not fail but send us all assistance possible. [Three strings of black wampum.] CAPTAIN SNAKE.
“To Major DR PEYSTER, Commanding Detroit and dependencies.”.[36]
ALEX. MCKEE OF THE BRITISH INDIAN DEPARTMENT TO DE PEYSTER.]
UPPER SANDUSKY, June 7, 1782. 1
“Dear Sir:— You have already an account of the repulse of five hundred of the enemy who advanced near to this place and were surrounded by near an equal number of Indians with the rangers; but, being too sure of taking the whole, and an unlucky maneuver of the Indians ordering the sentinels posted around them to fire, showed the enemy their weakest part through which they escaped under cover of a dark night. However, they were pursued and dispersed. But it is difficult to ascertain the numbers killed, as the Indians are still bringing in prisoners and scalps, and numbers are still after them whose intentions are to follow them to the Ohio. Many, by the pri.soners’ accounts, must perish in the woods, having left their clothes and baggage.
“The chiefs assembled here have also spken to you their sentiments, which is to go against the enemy, provided they find the enemy is not coming soon against them from Kentucky; though it is generally believed they will; and that ten days or a fortnight will put us in certainty of their designs; in the mean time, that our forces be collected and wait at Sandusky until they send word what is further to be done. They likewise beg you to send them what further assistance you can, with a further supply of ammunition and stores suitable for warriors; as that on the way they think will not be sufficient and having already expended all they had. I shall go hence to Lower Sandusky where Captain Caidwell is and wounded, to see how matters can be settled there with the Indians, and thence proceed to the Shawanese towns. I am, with great respect, dear sir, your most obedient and very humble servant,
“Major A. S. DR PEYSTER, A. MCKEE.
“Of the king’s regiment, commanding Detroit, etc.”[37]
June 7, 1782
On this day, which was the second after the retreat, one of our campany, the person affected with the heumatic swelling, was left behind some distance in a swamp. Waiting for hism some time we saw him coming within one hundred yards, as I sat on the body of an old tree mending my moccasins, but taking my eye from him I saw him no more. He had not observed our tracks, but had gone a different way. We whistled on our chargers, and afterwards called for him, but in vain. Nevertheless he was fortunate in missing us, for he afterwards came safe into Wheeling, which is a post of ours on the Ohio, about 70 miles below Fort Pitt. We traveled on until night, and were on the waters of the Muskingum from the middle of his day.
Having caught a fawn on this day, we made a fire in the evening and had a repast, having in the meantime eat nothing but the small bit of pork I mentioned before. [38]
June 7, 1795 - John Stephenson (half 6th great granduncle), Marcus Stephenson[39] (half 6th great granduncle) and John Massey of Harrison County, conveyed to Benjamin Harrison of same, 500 acres in Harrison County, part of 1,000 acre tract granted to heirs of Hugh Stephenson in consequence of an entry made on a Military Warrant entered by said Harrison on June 24, 1780, etc. Consideration £100. Acknowledged Harrison Court July 1795 by grantors. [40]
June 7, 1799: daughter of King Louis XV of France and his Queen consort Maria Leszczyńska.
Marie Louise Thérèse Victoire
Madame Quatrième
(2nd great grandniece of the husband of the 8th cousin 10x removed.)
Jean-Marc Nattier, Madame Victoire de France (1748).jpg
May 11 1733-
June 7 1799
Died unmarried
[41]
June 7, 1803: Treaty of Fort Wayne
.jpg)
Description: Indiana Indian treaties.jpg
Type
Recognition of American ownership of the Vincennes Tract
Signed
June 7, 1803
Location
Fort Wayne, Indiana Territory
Effective
December 26, 1803
Condition
Transfer of money and goods to natives; US to relinquish land claims in adjacent territory
Signatories
William Henry Harrison (6th cousin 7x removed), Little Turtle, Topinabee, Winnemac
Parties
United States of America, Delawares, Shawnee, Potowatomi, Miami, Kickapoo, The Eel River band, Weas, Piankeshaws, and Kaskaskias
Language
English
The Treaty of Fort Wayne was a treaty between the United States and several groups of Native Americans. The treaty was signed on June 7, 1803 and proclaimed December 26, 1803.[42]
June 7, 1809
Ordered that David Vance (1st cousin 8x removed) be allowed Nineteen days as Lister of Salem Township.[43]
June 7, 1837:
Ransom E. Smith12 [Gabriel D. Smith11 , Gabriel Smith10, John “LR” Smith9, Ambrose J. Smith8, Christopher Smith7, Christopher Smith6, Thomas Smythe5,Thomas Smythe4, John Smythe3, Richard2, William1] (b. October 4, 1831 in Franklin Co. GA / d. August 11, 1905 in Carroll Co. GA) married Nancy Caroline King (b. June 7, 1837 in Gwinnett Co. GA / d. February 13, 1917 in Carroll Co. GA) on July 18, 1851 in Carroll Co. GA. [44]
June 7, 1848: Zachary Taylor was nominated by the Whig Party for President in June 7, 1848. Zachary Taylor was the 12th President of the United States, from 1849 to 1850, and he died one year and 4 months in office. [45]
June 7, 1852: INFANT DAUGHTER CRAWFORD, b. June 7, 1852, Macon County, North Carolina; d. June 07, 1852, Macon County, North Carolina.
Notes for INFANT DAUGHTER CRAWFORD:
June 7, 1852, Buried at MT. Zion Cemetery., Franklin, NC (Buried in Mother's arms) .
Notes for LORENA MOORE:
Stillborn infant daughter buried in Mother's arms. [46]
June 7, 1861: John Collins Cavender (b. June 7, 1861 in GA / d. June 26, 1938 in GA).[47] John Collins Cavander13 [Emily H. Smith12, Gideon Smith11, Gabriel Smith10, John “LR” Smith9, Ambrose J. Smith8, Christopher Smith7, Christopher Smith6, Thomas Smythe5, Thomas Smythe4, John Smythe3, Richard2, William1] (b. June 7, 1861 in GA / d. June 26, 1938 in Union Co. GA) married Margaret Emiline Gilreath on November 13, 1887. [48]
Tues. June 7, 1864
Still cloudy and rainu
No boats down today
Corps went out on a scout
Cool in evening[49]
(William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary, 24th Iowa Infantry[50]
June 7, 1864
President Lincoln is nominated for a second term at the Republican National Convention in Baltimore.[51]
June 7, 1896: **. Thomas Franklin Nix14 [Marion F. Nix13, John A. Nix12, Grace Louisa Francis Smith11, Gabriel Smith10, John “LR” Smith9, Ambrose J. Smith8, Christopher Smith7, Christopher Smith6, Thomas Smythe5, Thomas Smythe4, John Smythe3, Richard2, William1] (b.February 28, 1892 / d. December 28, 1960 in AL) married Velma E. Smith (b. June 7, 1896 / d. July 19, 1973 in AL), the daughter of Papa Smith and Mamma Shaddrix. [52]
June 7, 1928: Ernest Olen Burch, Jr. (b. June 7, 1928 in Bailey Co. TX).[53]
June 4-7, 1942: Midway is regarded by many historians as the most important Pacific battle. The resounding victory for U.S. naval forces occurred six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. It occurred between June 4 and June 7 and was a turning point in the war.
The Navy remembers the sailors who fought at Midway each year.
June 7, 1942: The damage was more than the salvage crew could overcome, and at 0458, June 7, Yorktown - sistership of Enterprise and Hornet - rolled over and settled beneath the waves. [54]
(Copyright 2010 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.)[55]
June 7, 1942: The Jews in occupied France are required to wear the yellow badge.[56]
Entry in Force
• The present ordinance will be effective June 7, 1942.
• The wearing of the yellow star was never imposed on Jews in the Unoccupied Zone, even after the Germans occupied all of France later in 1942.[57]
June 7-8, 1942
Fearing demonstrating of public sympathy with Jews on the first day the yellow star becomes obligatory, the SS and French police plan to arrest non-Jews who wear the star or a derisory insignia. No demonstrations of importance take place, but in a mood of visible disapproval, some French non-Jews, most of them young, display their feelings. Fifteen men and 20 women are arrested in Paris for wearing Jewish stars with inscriptions such as “Swing,” “Zazou,” “Victory,” “Goy,” “Catholique,” “Auvergnat,” “Jenny,” or “Dany.” Nine men and 11 women over the age of 18 are interned, the men in Drancy, the women in the camp of Tourelles. These “Friends of the Jews”, the label they wear on stars sewn on their chests, are freed after three months detention.[58]
June 7, 1947
President Truman signs peace treaties with Italy, Bulgaria, Rumania, and Hungary.[59]
• September 8, 1947: The refugee ship Exodus is returned to Hamburg and its cargo of 4500 holocaust survivors removed by force. Some claim that this act more than any other helped force international public opinion against British policy. Others would contend that this is a slightly romanticized view of the outcome of this episode. The saga of the Exodus did supply the opening scenes, and title for, Leon Uris’ epic novel Exodus.[60]
June 7, 1947: Lloyd Rowell (b. October 23, 1909 in GA / d. June 7, 1947 in GA).[61]
June 7, 1963 JFK arrives in Los Angeles for fund-raising dinner during which the
movie PT-109 is shown. (According to Dick Russell, writing about Richard Case Nagell, in “The Man Who
Knew Too Much”-- an assassination plot against JFK fails to materialize at the Beverly Hilton Hotel.) JFK is
helicoptered to the roof of the Beverly Hilton hotel. Later on this night, JFK flies on to Hawaii to
discuss civil rights issues at the U.S. Conference of Mayors.
Tonight, a CIA plane and William Pawley’s own launch combine to ferry a band of exile
guerrillas to a landing point on the coast of Cuba. John Martino has organized the exiles, who
set off for the shore in small boats under cover of darkness. (It is believed by this group that guerrilla
contacts in Cuba are holding two Soviet army colonels who have defected. If they can be brought to the United States,
they will reportedly tell all about Soviet missiles still in Cuba.) Pawley, along with three CIA agents, a LIFE
photographer, and John Martino, wait for the raiders to return with their prize -- the two Russian
defectors. The guerrillas never return. After a prolonged search by the CIA aircraft, it is
assumed that they have either been killed or captured. (John Martino is a Mafia figure, of Italian origin,
who has worked for the mob in Havana’s casinos before the revolution. He is a close friend of Santos Trafficante.) [62]
June 7, 1998: Todaro, Richard M.: "The Four Cornerstones of the Original D.C.," Washington Post (June 7, 1998). [63]
Thursday, Jun 07, 2012 Publication: Waterline
June 7, 2012: Naval District Washington Commemorates Battle of Midway at U.S. Navy Memorial
by Benjamin Christensen, NDW Waterline staff writer
Sailors and Marines attend a wreath-laying ceremony at the Navy Memorial to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Midway. The Battle of Midway was the turning point in the Pacific War and set the stage for the United States to win the Second World War.
Sailors and Marines attend a wreath-laying ceremony at the Navy Memorial to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Midway. The Battle of Midway was the turning point in the Pacific War and set the stage for the United States to win the Second World War.
U.S. Navy photo by MC2 Kiona Miller Retired Gunner's Mate 1st Class Hank Kudzick and retired Sonar Technician Howard Snell shake hands during a wreath laying ceremony at the Navy Memorial commemorating the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Midway.
· http://www.dcmilitary.com/storyimage/DC/20120607/NEWS12/706079965/EP/1/2/EP-706079965.jpg
U.S. Navy photo by MC2 Kiona Miller Retired Gunner's Mate 1st Class Hank Kudzick and retired Sonar Technician Howard Snell shake hands during a wreath laying ceremony at the Navy Memorial commemorating the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Midway.
Sailors and Marines attend a wreath-laying ceremony at the Navy Memorial to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Midway. The Battle of Midway was the turning point in the Pacific War and set the stage for the United States to win the Second World War.
U.S. Navy photo by MC2 Kiona Miller
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Sailors and Marines attend a wreath-laying ceremony at the Navy Memorial to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Midway. The Battle of Midway was the turning point in the Pacific War and set the stage for the United States to win the Second World War.
U.S. Navy photo by MC2 Kiona Miller
Sailors and Marines attend a wreath-laying ceremony at the Navy Memorial to commemorate the 70th anniversary of attle of Midway. The Battle of Midway was the turning point in the Pacific War and set the stage for the United States to win the Second World War.
U.S. Navy photo by MC2 Kiona Miller Retired Gunner\'s Mate 1st Class Hank Kudzick and retired Sonar Technician Howard Snell shake hands during a wreath laying ceremony at the Navy Memorial commemorating the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Midway.
U.S. Navy photo by MC2 Kiona Miller Retired Gunner\'s Mate 1st Class Hank Kudzick and retired Sonar Technician Howard Snell shake hands during a wreath laying ceremony at the Navy Memorial commemorating the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Midway.
Naval District Washington commemorated the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Midway with a wreath-laying ceremony at the U.S. Navy Memorial in downtown Washington, June 4.
The Battle of Midway took place from June 4-8 1942, and is noted as being the first real turning point in the war, and the first decisive victory by the United States in the war with Japan.
The Imperial Japanese navy (IJN) had already made broad strokes in the Pacific, beginning with the attack on Pearl Harbor, the invasion of the Philippines, Malaya and Singapore, the Battle of Wake Island and recently a tactical victory at Coral Sea.
However, with a sweeping victory at Midway, Allied forces had sunk four Japanese aircraft carriers and were primed for the counter-offensive that would win the Pacific War.
Highlights of the ceremony included music throughout the service provided by the United States Navy Band, and a wreath-laying to join the dozens of others taking place throughout the Navy to remember the battle. The commemoration featured speakers such as Director, Marine Corps Staff Lt. Gen. Willie J. Williams, U.S. Coast Guard Deputy Commandant for Mission Support Vice Adm. Manson K. Brown, and Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) Adm. Johnathan Greenert providing remarks.
"I'd like to say thank you to the many veterans who served, not only in World War II, but in Midway," said Greenert. "It's because of you that we exist today as the greatest Navy in the world. I'd also like to thank our Sailors who are out there getting the job done, day in and day out."
The event was concluded with a reading of the Midway Proclamation, authored by the CNO, which was subsequently distributed to the Midway veterans. The proclamation thanked the veterans for their distinguished service, remarking that "we recognize the need to carry forward the legacy of the many heroes of the Battle of Midway who have spoken to our Sailors and to the public about their contributions to the Navy and our nation."
The recognition of the Midway veterans was assuredly a highlight of the commemoration, yet the veterans themselves appreciated the effort put forth in recognizing them and the importance to remember the events that had occurred.
"I thought it was great; very heartwarming and emotional," said retired Gunner's Mate 1st Class Hank Kudzik. "Men died back then, and we had to commit their souls to the sea. It brings back memories all the time, but I am fortunate to be here."
"Veteran Howard Snell, a retired sonar technician, appreciated the Navy Band's performance and the showmanship of the U.S. Navy Ceremonial Guard."
"If you don't get goose pimples hearing the music and seeing them walking around out there then you aren't a good-old citizen of this great nation of ours," said Snell.
For pictures of the 70th Anniversary of the Battle of Midway, visit https://www.facebook.com/NavDistWash.
For more news from Naval District Washington, visit www.navy.mil/local/ndw/.[64]
June 7, 2013: Earliest Primate Skeleton And ‘Cousin’ Of Human Ancestor Discovered In China
Earliest Primate Skeleton And 'Cousin' Of Human Ancestor Discovered In China
Featured Research
June 7, 2013
An international team of paleontologists has discovered a nearly complete, articulated skeleton of a tiny tree-dwelling primate in China.
AsianScientist (Jun. 7, 2013) – An international team of paleontologists has discovered a nearly complete, articulated skeleton of a new tiny, tree-dwelling primate dating back 55 million years. The Eocene Epoch fossil, one of the most primitive primate fossils ever documented, was recovered from Hubei Province in central China.
The research team, led by Xijun Ni of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, describes the fossil in the latest edition of the journal, Nature.
A 3D, high-resolution reconstruction of the skeleton of Archicebus achilles. (Photo: Paul Tafforeau/ESRF and Xijun Ni/IVPP/CAS)
A 3D, high-resolution reconstruction of the skeleton of Archicebus achilles, aided by X-ray (Photo: Paul Tafforeau/ESRF and Xijun Ni/IVPP/CAS)
Ni said that while doing fieldwork years ago in Hubei Province, he first came across the fossil, which had been found by a local farmer and was later donated to the IVPP. The fossil was encased within a rock and discovered after the rock was split open, yielding fossils and impressions of the primate on each side of the two halves.
It was discovered in a quarry that had once been a lake and is known for producing ancient fish and bird fossils from the Eocene Epoch. The quarry is near Jingzhou City, south of the Yangtze River, and about 270 kilometers southwest of Wuhan City, the province capital.
“This region would have been a large series of lakes, surrounded by lush tropical forests during the early Eocene,” Ni said.
The fossil has been named Archicebus achilles. The genus, Archi, is Greek for the beginning, and the prefix is attached to cebus, which translates to “long-tailed monkey,” after the long tail of the fossil skeleton. The species name, Achilles, is an allusion to its interesting heel anatomy and named after the mythological Greek warrior, Achilles.
“Archicebus marks the first time that we have a reasonably complete picture of a primate close to the divergence between tarsiers and anthropoids,” Ni said. “It represents a big step forward in our efforts to chart the course of the earliest phases of primate and human evolution.”
The tiny primate has a body that is around 71 mm long and its estimated weight is around 20–30 grams, as small as a modern pygmy mouse lemur. Certain features of the skeleton suggest that the creature was a frequent leaper, favouring four-limbed grasp-leaping as a mode of transport. Small pointy teeth indicate that it ate insects. Large eye sockets indicate that the creature had good vision for hunting, but evidence points towards a diurnal rather than nocturnal activity pattern.
Analysis of the skeleton reveals a mixture of features — some that resemble anthropoids and some that resemble tarsiers. The most unusual aspect of Archicebus is its foot anatomy: it has typical robust grasping big toes, long toes and nailed digits of primitive arboreal primates, but also advanced monkey-like heel bones and long metatarsals not normally found in a primitive early Eocene fossil primate.
These findings show that the age of the split between the Tarsiiformes and anthropoids, from which humans descend, is earlier than previously thought. The creature seems to be the earliest and most primitive known relative of the tarsiers. As tarsiers are related to anthropoids — the primates that include monkeys, apes and humans — the discovery shows that the lineage leading ultimately to humans was distinct at a very early date.
Although primitive primate fossils have been discovered on several continents, including North America, the discovery of Archicebus and other ancient fossils in China point to Asia as the continent where primates originated.
“In the past, many scientists believed that Africa was the continent of origin for all primates, but it appears over the last decade that Asia is the more likely continent of origin, and this new skeleton supports that view,” said Northern Illinois University anthropologist Dan Gebo, a co-author on the study.
The article can be found at: Ni X et al. (2013) The oldest known primate skeleton and early haplorhine evolution.
——
Source: NIU; Photo: Mat Severson/NIU.
Disclaimer: This article does not necessarily reflect the views of AsianScientist or its staff. [65]
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[1] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[2] * They had assured the Earl of Northumberland that he was to
be embarked for Flanders ; and he had no suspicion, knowing that
his wife was already there, and that she had arranged the price of
his ransom with the Earl of Morton.
[3] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[4] Cavaliers and Pioneers
[5] Wikipedia
[6] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[7] Wikipedia
[8] http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/ViewStory.aspx?pid=-2117088505&tid=160989&oid=0e5d2912-554a-4ded-bfae-f8094a6690ed&pg=0,36
[9] On this Day in America, by John Wagman
[10] Proposed descendants of William Smith
[11] http://timothyv.tripod.com/index-338.html
[12] On This Day in American History, by John Wagman.
[13] 50 Research notes of Miss JoAnn Naugle published by private letter.
[14] 51 Abstract of the Balance Books of the Perogative Court of Maryland, Liber 4 & 5, 1763 - 1700 V. L. Schinner, Jr. http//users.erol.com/sailer/lanham.html
[15]
[16] 53 Maryland State Archives, St. Jolm's Parish Records, M 229, Original Page 97 or revised. Page 341
[17] 54 Maryland State Archives, MSA SC 5200, School Teachers of Early Maryland, Robert Bames
[18] 55 Directory of Ministers and the Maryland Church They Served, Vol. II, Page 73, citing " Maryland's.
Established Church", The Church Historical Society for the Diocese of Maryland. Baltimore, Nelson Wait
Rightmyer, 1956, Page 239
[19] 56 Maryland State Archives, MSA SC 5300,School Teachers of Early Maryland, Robert Barnes Directory
ofMinistersand the Maryland Church They Served, Vol. II, Page 73, citing " Maryland's Established
Church", The Church Historical Society for the Diocese of Maryland^ Baltimore. Nelson Wait Rightmyer,
1956, Page 239
[20] 57 Research notes of Miss JoAnn Naugle published by private letter dated 1985.
[21] Is this James, William McCormick’s brother, who was married to Ophelia Crawford? JG
[22] (From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969, page 118.)
[23] Corn Husk. When harvesting corn, the entire ear would be snapped off the stalk. This included the husk, the corn (grain), and the cob. All were used. The grain eaten. The dried cob used for heat. The husk could be used as stuffing for a mattress or as padding in clothing.
A Seneca story has it that Corn Spirit, who had been put on earth by the "Great Spirit in the Sky," asked if she could do anything else for her people. "Great Spirit" told her she could make dolls from her husks. Corn Spirit made dolls for her people, but one of them started looking at herself in the smooth water of the lake and admiring how beautiful she was. "Great Spirit" was unhappy with the vain, self-centered doll and sent an owl to discipline her. "You were intended to spread joy, companionship, and friendliness among the Creator's children. Instead, because of your vanity, you have aroused envy and distress in their hearts...look hard in the sacred pool, vain one. Vain people are soulless. Soulless people should have no faces. Your beautiful face I now wipe away." The doll's face disappeared. Owl concluded, "It has pleased our Creator to make differences among people, but it is wrong for one person to hold himself above another. Go learn to be content and humble. Go make the children of our Mother, the Earth, happy."
The above story is typical of the Indian oral tradition and the use of everyday items to explain moral values
http://www.thelittlelist.net/coatocus.htm
[24] http://www.geni.com/people/John-Adams-2nd-President-of-the-USA-Signer-of-the-Declaration-of-Independence/6000000012593135757
[25] The Northern Light, Vol. 9 No. November 5, 1978, Declaration of Independence, by Ronald E. Heaton and Harold V. B. Voorhis. Page 12.
[26] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Kemp%27s_Landing
[27] Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications.
[28] 52 Index to the Probate Records of Prince George's MD, 1696 - 1900, Prince George's Genealogical
Society, 1988, Page 114
Crawford and his party crossed the Sandusky River two miles east of the present city of Bucyrus, close to a spring that later came to be known as McMichael’s Spring but is today known as the Charles Weithman Spring.
[29] The capture of Col. William Crawford and Dr. John Knight occurred in Sections 5 and 8 of, respectively, Jefferson and Jackson townships, Crawford Co., O.
[30] Wingenund’s Village-often referred to as Wingenund’s Camp, to differentiate it from a second Wingenund’s Village, somewhat larger, located more to the north and closer to the Sandusky River-was situated 9.5 miles east of present Bucyrus and a hal-mile east-northeast of present Leesville, Crawford Co., O.
[31] One account state that Biggs, traveling alone, got to within four or five miles of the Ohio River when he stumbled into a paretyu of Wyandots returning from committing deptedations on the upper Ohio. Biggs allegeldly killed two of them before he was himself slain. Since Crawford and Knight saw the scalp of Biggs less than an hour after they had separated, howeer the story is evidently incorrect.
[32] That Dark and Bloody River by Allan W. Eckert.
[33] Journal of a Volunteer Expedition to Sandusky, Baron Rosenthal, “John Rose”.
[34] Washington-Irvine Correspondence by Butterfield, page 368.
[35] Washington-Irvine Correspondence by Butterfield, page 369.
[36] Washington-Irvine Correspondence by Butterfield, page 369.
[37] Washington-Irvine Correspondence by Butterfield, page 370.
[38] Narrative of John Slover
[39] In reference to the family of Marquis Stephenson, youngest of the Spephenson brothers and half brother to William and Valentine Crawford. The Court of Common Pleas at Columbus, Ohio (Franklin County), in the case of ‘Stephenson vs Sullivant’, informs us that, Marquis Stephenson and his brother John Stephenson, were both living in Harrison County, Kentucky, as early as 1799 and lived about three and one-half miles from each other. Marquis had a residence there since 1793 (a year before Kentucky received her statehood).
(From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969, page 74.)
[40] (Harrison County Deed Bk. 1, p. 72) BENJAMIN HARRISON 1750 – 1808 A History of His Life And of Some of the Events In American History in Which He was Involved By Jeremy F. Elliot 1978 http://www.shawhan.com/benharrison.html
[41] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XV_of_France
[42] wikipedia
[43] Clerk of Court Champaign County, Ohio, page 3.
[44] Proposed Descendants of William smythe
[45] http://www.geni.com/people/Zachary-S-Taylor-12th-President-of-the-USA/6000000002143404336
[46] Crawford Coat of Arms
[47] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe.
[48] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe
[49] …the Boys made a raid on the Sutler this evening and took about 1,500 Dollars worth about 900 in money. (Rollins Diary) http://ipserv2.aea14.k12.ia.us/iacivilwar/Resources/rollins diary.htm
[50] Annotated by Jeffery Lee Goodlove
[51] On this Day in America, by John Wagman
[52] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe.
[53] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe
[54] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[55] http://www.wvec.com/video/featured-videos/Ceremonies-in-Norfolk-mark-Battle-of-Miday-95618969.html
[56] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1771.
[57] French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial, by Serge Klarsfeld, page 31.
[58] French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial, by Serge Klarsfeld, page 33.
[59] On this Day in America, by John Wagman.
[60] This Day in Jewish History.
[61] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe
[62] http://www.globalresearch.ca/the-national-security-state-and-the-assassination-of-jfk/22071
[63] http://www.boundarystones.org/
[64] http://www.dcmilitary.com/article/20120607/NEWS12/706079965/naval-district-washington-commemorates-battle-of-midway-at-us-navy
[65] http://www.asianscientist.com/in-the-lab/earliest-primate-skeleton-cousin-human-ancestor-discovered-china-2013/
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