10,414 names…10,414 stories…10,414 memories
This Day in Goodlove History, April 25
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Jeff Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, Thomas Jefferson, and ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson and George Washington.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspxy
April 25, 693: Opening session of the Sixteenth Council of Toledo which, before its close, would add more regulations that would prove oppressive to the Jews living under the Visigoths. This Visigoth anti-Semitism would provide a major impetus for Jewish support of the Moors when they invaded Spain in the early decades of the next century.[1]
April 25, 1214: Birthdate of King Louis IX of France. According to one historian Louis “hated the Jews so thoroughly that he would not look at them.” Considering the fact that Louis that Louis financed his Crusade from the wealth he stole from his Jewish subjects, the fact that he expelled them from his domain and that he burned 12,000 copies of the Talmud and other Jewish texts, one would have to say that there is more than just a little credence to this evaluation.[2]
April 25, 1284: Birthdate of King Edward II of England Edward would be the first King of England since the Norman Conquest, to reign over a Kingdom that had no Jewish subjects.[3]
Edward
April 25, 1284
September 21, 1327
Succeeded his father as king of England. In 1308 he married Isabella of France, with whom he had four children.
[4]
Edward II is the 20th great granduncle of Jeffery Lee Goodlove.
April 25, 1342: Eobhan or Ewen Chief of the MacKinnon clan; After the death of John, Lord of the Isles, circa 1350, MacKinnon took part in the rebellion against the heir to the Lordship, and was hanged for his trouble.[5] Priests were generally uneducated with little interest in their parishioners. Immorality was common among them. A priest could easily purchase from diocesan authority qa licese to keep a concubine. Erasmus speaks of priests “who by fraud or intimidation have been thrust into a life of celibacy in which they are allowed to fornicate but not to marry, so that if they openly keep a concubine they are Christian priests, but if they take a wife they are burned. Money could buy almost any kind of dispensation, one of the more popular being to legitimize children born illegitimately, the majority of whom were children of priests and prelates. Out of the 614 grants of legitimacy in the year 1342-43, 484 were to members of the clergy. The pardoners, commissioned by the Church, sold absolution for any sin from gluttony to homicide, canceled any vow of chastity, remitted any penance for money, most of which they pocketed. Their mission was to peddle salvation, but in reality they took advantage of the people’s need and credulity. [6] Death of Pope Benedict XII – Pope Clement VI elected, Louis of Bavaria son of Louis IV marries Margaret of Tirol (the Ugly Duchess) and acquires Tirol and Carinthia, Death of Pope Benedict XII – Clement VI Pope to 1352, April 25, Pope Benedict XII dies, May 7, Pope Clement VI appointed (Pierre Roger Limoges - French Pope). [7]
Eobhan /MacFingon MacKinnon was the 17th great grandfather of Jeffery Lee Goodlove.
April 25, 1367: Poland's Casimir III "The Great" expanded the "privileges" of 1334 to include the Jews in Lesser Poland and Ukraine.[8]
1368: Timur ascends throne of Samarkand, restoration of Great Wall of China.[9]
April 25, 1507: In his book Cosmographiae Introdutio, geographer Martin Waldseemuller uses the name “America” for the New World.[10]
1508: By the 18th century, it still consisted of the larger part of modern Germany, the Czech Republic, Austria, Liechtenstein, Slovenia, Belgium, and Luxembourg, as well as large parts of modern Poland and small parts of the Netherlands. Previously, it had included all of the Netherlands and Switzerland, and parts of modern France and Italy (see: Maps below). In the 18th century, when the Empire was already in decline, Voltaire ridiculed its nomenclature by saying that the Holy Roman Empire was "neither Holy, nor Roman, nor an Empire".
It was never a nation state. Despite the German ethnicity of most of its rulers and subjects, from the very beginning many ethnicities constituted the Holy Roman Empire. Many of its most important noble families and appointed officials came from outside the German-speaking communities. At the height of the empire it contained most of the territory of today's Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Czech Republic and Slovenia, as well as eastern France, northern Italy and western Poland. Its languages thus comprised not only German and its many dialects and derivatives, but many Slavic languages and the languages which became modern French, Dutch and Italian. Furthermore, its division into territories ruled by numerous secular and ecclesiastical princes, prelates, counts, imperial knights, and free cities made it, in the early modern period at least, far less cohesive than the emerging modern states around it.
However, during most of its time it was more than a mere confederation. The concept of the Reich not only included the government of a specific territory, but had strong Christian religious connotations (hence the holy prefix). Until 1508, German Kings were not considered Emperors of the Reich until the Pope had formally crowned them as such.
The Reich can thus best be described as a cross between a state and a religious confederation.[11]
February 6, 1508: Maximilian I was crowned Holy Roman Emperor. In the first decade of his reign, Maximilian would put an end to the attempts by some German nobles to banish the Jews from their realms. Maximilian did this, not so much because he loved Jews, but because he saw these attempts at banishment as an encroachment on his imperial authority. Wherever they lived in the empire, the Jews were the subjects of the emperor and not of any local lord. Therefore only he could banish Jews. Maximilian feared that if he gave way on his control over the Jews, who knew what power the nobles might try and take from him next.[12]
1509 - Invention of wheel lock (rose lock).
The next major advance, the wheel lock, generates a spark mechanically. With no wick to keep lit, the wheel lock is easier to use, and more reliable than the matchlock. However, wheel locks are expensive to produce. Matchlocks, at half the cost, remain in common use. This is an early (ca. 1540) multi-shot, wheel-lock pistol, made for Emperor Charles V. In this weapon, two locks are combined in one mechanism, to give each barrel separate ignition.[13]
April 25, 1599: Birthdate of Oliver Cromwell. Most people remember Cromwell as one of the leaders in the revolt against Charles I that left the latter a beheaded monarch and the former Lord Protector. To the Jews, he is the English leader who enabled the Jews to return to England after three and half centuries of exile. Despite a great deal of opposition, Cromwell held fast to his commitment to the return of the Jews. Although they came in secret at first, by 1657, one year before the death of Cromwell, the Jews of London felt confident enough in their position to purchase a building to be used as a Synagogue. Cromwell passed away in September, 1658.[14]
Charles I is the 8th cousin 14x removed of Jeffery Lee Goodlove.
April 25, 1607: During the Eighty Years' War, the Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. The Eighty Years' War, or Dutch Revolt, was the war of secession between the Netherlands and the Spanish king, that lasted from 1568 to 1648. The war resulted in the Seven United Provinces being recognized as an independent state. The United Provinces of the Netherlands, or the Dutch Republic, became a world power for a time through its merchant shipping and experienced a period of economic, scientific and cultural growth. The region now known as Belgium and Luxembourg also became established as the Southern Netherlands, part of the Seventeen Provinces that remained under royal Habsburg rule. The Spanish were Catholics. The Dutch were Protestants. More importantly, the Protestant Dutch were willing to provide a safe haven for the Jews. In fact, the early Jewish community in the Netherlands was dominated by Sephardic Jews whose families had been driven out of Catholic Spain. It was this Dutch victory over the Spanish that would mean that New Amsterdam would be Protestant and would be a haven for the first Jewish community in what would become the United States. [15]
April 25, 1752: Wallace’s stated logic
Wallace states that it would be impossible to scout out and clear a road for only 25 pounds
Virginia currency, and therefore the road had to follow an Indian path. In regard to the above
quoted passage from the ―Orders and Resolutions of the Ohio Company‖, Wallace states:
Such a contract presupposes the existence of an Indian path. In is hardly possible that a
forty mile road could have been ―cleared‖ through virgin forest over Big Savage
Mountain, Allegheny Mountain, Negro Mountain, and Winding Ridge for ―twenty five
pounds Virginia currency‖ if, that is, it involved the prospecting and hewing out of a
totally new way. All that can have been called for was the clearing of brush and the
removal of dead trees to permit the passage of pack trains and wagons over an Indian
path.
Wallace‘s statement does not stand up well to scrutiny because:
· The passage Wallace quotes from the ―Orders and Resolutions of the Ohio Company‖
does not indicate that the road work actually was performed—only that the road work
was considered necessary and was authorized. The passage gives no indication that any
work of any kind whatsoever actually was performed at a cost of only 25 pounds Virginia
currency.
· Contrary to Wallace‘s statement, the quoted passage does not indicate that a contract for
the work was let.
· In April 28, 1752 instructions (quoted above), the Ohio Company directed Christopher
Gist to employ Indians who were already acquainted with the ―ways‖ to cut the
contemplated Ohio Company road.
· As related above, Jacobs—a man who was in a position to know—clearly states that the
Ohio Company road followed a route that was in some fashion identified by the Indian
Nemacolin.[16]
Thursday April 25, 1754: Men from the Virginia Regiment begin building a road from Wills Creek that hopefully will cross the mountains to Redstone Creek.
Washington’s troops repaired a 1753 Ohio Company road in 1754
Washington later states that he was repairing the Ohio Company road during this time period. In
an April 25, 1754 letter to Lieutenant-Governor Dinwiddie, written from Wills Creek,
Washington describes why he was then repairing the Ohio Company road, and indicates that he
was heading to Redstone (Brownsville[17]):
Sir—Captain Trent‘s ensign, Mr. Ward, has this day arrived from the Fork of the
Monongahela, and brings the disagreeable account, that the fort, on the 17th inst. was
surrendered at the summons of Mons. Contrecoeur to a body of French, consisting of
upwards of one thousand men, who came from Venango with eighteen pieces of canon,
sixty batteaux, and three hundred canoes. They gave him liberty to bring off all his men
and working tools, which he accordingly did the same day.
Immediately upon this information, I called a council of war, to advise on proper
measures to be taken in this exigency. A copy of their resolves, with the proceedings, I
herewith enclose by the bearer…
Your Honor will see by the resolves in council, that I am destined to the Monongahela
with all the diligent dispatch in my power. We will endeavour to make the road
sufficiently good for the heaviest artillery to pass, and, when we arrive at Red-stone
Creek, fortify ourselves as strongly as the short time will allow. I doubt not that we can
maintain a possession there, till we are reinforced, unless the rising of the waters shall admit the enemy‘s cannon to be conveyed up in canoes, and then I flatter myself we shall
not be so destitute of intelligence, as not to get timely notice of it, and make a good
retreat.
I hope you will see the absolute necessity for our having, as soon as our forces are
collected, a number of cannon, some of heavy metal, with mortars and grenadoes to
attack the French, and put us on an equal footing with them.[18]
1756
To CAPTAIN DAVID BELL
April 25, 1756.
Sir: As the roads at present are so much infested, I do not think it safe to send the things you wrote for until another opportunity. I must desire that you will be very diligent, and guard against a Surprise from the Enemy, as they will certainly attack you, if they find it possible to surprise you. You are to detach Ensign Crawford with twenty men, to reconnoitre the Country towards Hites, on Opekon; and towards Buliskin, or wherever he finds these Inhabitants have retired to: He is to act rather as a reconnoitring party, than as an Offensive one. Yours &c.[19]
George Washington is the grandnephew of the wife of the first cousin 10x removed and William Crawford is the 6th great grandfather of Jeffery Lee Goodlove .
April 25, 1775: Toward the end of 1775, Col. William Faucit, of
the Guards, came to Germany to make the Treaties
for the allied forces. On January 9, 1776, that with
Brunswick was signed, on the i5th that with the
Hessian government, and on the 5th of February
that with Hanau ; that with Waldeck had been made
in London on April 25, 1775. Hesse Cassel agreed
to supply fifteen Regiments, each of five Companies,
four Grenadier Battalions, two Yager Companies,
and some artillery, in all 12,500 men. Brunswick
promised a corps of 4,000 men, four Infantry, one
Dragoon, Regiments, one Grenadier, and one Light
Infantry Battalion. Hesse Hanau promised one In-
fantry Regiment and some artillery, in all 900 men ;
Waldeck, one Regiment 750 strong.
The three treaties were printed at Frankfort and Leipsic in 1776, and in the Parliamentary Transactions, Nos. 17 and 18. For each man England
agreed to pay thirty marks hand money, one-third
one month after the execution of the Treaties, the
balance within two months. For every man killed,
wounded or captured, or made unserviceable by
wounds or sickness, a like sum was to be paid, and
like provision was made for those lost in sieges or
by infectious disease or on shipboard, but for desert-
ers no compensation was to be made.
To meet the heavy expenses of so quickly equip-
ping so large a force, England paid in advance for
two months, besides all the transportation from the
first day's march. The Brunswick Treaty provides
that the subsidy should begin to run from the date
of its execution at the rate of 64,500 German thalers,
as long as the soldiers received pay, and when that
ended, it was to be doubled, and this 129,000 thalers
should be paid for two years after the return home of
the troops. They were to take an oath of service to
the King of England, thus putting them under
double allegiance to their own sovereign and to that
of Great Britain. Their own princes were to supply
equipments and keep up the standard by new re-
cruits, and were to maintain their legal control over
their subjects. Food and clothing were to be sup-
plied just as to the British army. The forage money
paid to the officers was a handsome addition to their
regular pay. Gen. v. Riedesel, who was of an eco-
nomical turn of mind, was said to have saved 15,000
thalers from this source on his return to Brunswick.
This was the tenth treaty of the kind that Hesse
had made since the seventeenth century. The King
of England pledged himself, in case of great loss in
any regiment, to equalize its strength as best he could
with the others. With Brunswick and Hesse Cassel
he specially agreed to employ their soldiers only in
the North American Continent, and not in the un-
wholesome West Indies. It is not easy to ascertain
the exact amounts paid by England to Germany
under these treaties, for the details were kept secret,
although the public approval by Parliament annually
shows that the following were about the amounts
thus voted, viz. :
Hesse Cassel, eight years, . . . ^2,959,800.
Brunswick, . . . 750,000.
Hesse Hanau, " ... 343,130.
Waldeck, . . . 140,000.
Ansbach-Bayreuth, seven years, . 282,400.
Anhalt-Zerbst, s~ ! x years, . . . 109,120.
I
As these subsidies were to continue for two years
after the close of the war, that would be ^1,150,000.
The bounty for 20,000 men at ^6, would be ^120,000.
The Artillery received an additional ^28,000, and the
annual subsistence cost ^70,000. Altogether, with
additional allowances, ^850,000 annually must have
been paid to the German princes for their soldiers,
out of which, of course, they paid the expense of
equipping, keeping their arms, etc.
The Treaty with Hesse Cassel was even better for
that prince than that with Brunswick or Hanau, and
Cassel received yearly ^50,000 more than it ever got
before for the same number of its soldiers.
Baron v. Schlieffen made a special visit to London
on behalf of Cassel he was an old soldier, had served
in the Seven Years' War in command of Hessian
troops, and was Adjutant of the Duke of Brunswick,
and was as good in using his pen as with his sword ;
his Memoirs have been highly commended by later
historians. When he went to London, the only man
in the English Ministry he knew was Lord George
Germain, who, as Lord Sackville, had been discredited
by his conduct in the Seven Years' War. Schlieffen,
however, gained such a foothold with the Secretary
of State, Lord Suffolk, that he was able to recover for
Cassel ^40,000, an old claim for hospital moneys
spent in the Seven Years' War.
An offer of an additional sum, as compensation
to Cassel for Schlieffen's services in rescuing the
great magazine at Osnabruch, and thus helping to
win the victory at Minden, was refused, but he
secured for himself the honor of maintaining his
independence and personal honesty, and for his
native country a welcome increase of the growing
reserve in its well-stocked treasury.
The later debates in the British Parliament often
turned on the avarice of the German princes in
thus securing the payment of old claims, in addi-
tion to the liberal amounts paid for the subsidies
given by treaty ; but it must be borne in mind that
England was in the position of asking for help, and
the Germans were not offering it, so that of course
the latter were justified in making the best terms
they could. [20]
April 25, 1782: 160 Pennsylvania militiamen murder 96 Christian Indians--39 children, 29 women and 28 men--by hammering their skulls with mallets from behind as they kneel unarmed, praying and singing, in their Moravian Mission at Gnadenhuetten in the Ohio Country. The Patriots then piled their victims' bodies in mission buildings before burning the entire community to the ground. Two boys managed to survive, although one had lost his scalp to his attackers. Although the militiamen claimed they were seeking revenge for Indian raids on their frontier settlements, the Indians they murdered had played no role in any attack.[21]
This infamous attack on non-combatants led to a loss of faith in the Patriots by their Indian allies and reprisals upon Patriot captives in Indian custody. The Indians resurrected the practice of ritualized torture, discontinued during the Seven Years' War, on the men they were able to apprehend who had participated in the Gnadenhuetten atrocity.
Although the Moravians and their Indian converts were pacifists who refused to kill under any circumstances, they found other ways to assist the Patriot cause. Like other Indian allies who refused to kill fellow Indians, they aided the Patriots by working as guides and spies. The German Moravian missionaries were also supplying the Americans with critical information, for which they were later arrested and tried by the British.
None of this protected the Indians when 160 members of the Pennsylvania militia decided to act as judge, jury and executioner. The Delaware Indians they murdered were neutral pacifists. Their Christian missionaries were aiding the Patriot cause. Furthermore, they did not live in the manner described as savage by European settlers--they were instead engaged in European-style settled agriculture in their mission village. There was no political, religious or cultural justification for the militiamen's indiscriminate brutality during the Gnadenhuetten massacre; the incident is sadly illustrative of the anti-Indian racism that sometimes trumped even political allegiances during the American Revolution.[22]
March 19, 1782:
Military: Post Rev War: Washington County Muster Rolls, Washington Militia.
Sources:
Associators & Militia, Muster Rolls, 1775-1781. A (2) XIV, 729-752; A (6) II,
3-258.
Militia Muster & Pay Rolls, 1790-1800. A (6) V, 563-643.
Militia Officer Returns, 1790-1817. A (6) IV
Militia Rolls, 1783-1790. A (6) III, 1363-1376.
OCR'd for use in the USGenWeb Archives by Judy Banja
Proofed by Leana
Copyright. All rights reserved.
http://www.usgwarchives.net/copyright.htm
http://www.usgwarchives.net/pa/washington/
_______________________________________________
(171)
COUNTY OF WASHINGTON.
Clk.
James Seaton.
Serjts.
John Gerrard.
Abner Mundle.
Alex'r Finlay.
Privates.
1st Class.
Hugh Stephenson.
Joseph Garrett.
Benj'n Hickson.
Amos. Augustin.
Wm. Smith.
Saml. McKey.
Jeremiah Long.
Geo. Rankins.
Thos. Ackens.
2nd Class.
Zechariah Evans.
John Brown.
John Ivors.
John Blair.
John Armstrong.
Charles Swan.
Wm. Hannah.
Robert Cree.
Geo. Killgees.
3d Class.
Jas. Kazlett.
Charles McDowell.
John Brahin.
John Crawford.
Rlch'd Gregg.
John McKey.
John McClelland.
Joseph Rankins.
Peter Biley.
4th Class.
John Holton.
Robt. Lewis.
John Gregg.
Wm. Gray.
James Blair.
Robt. Kilso.
Jacob Israel.
Alex'r Crawford.
Thos. Frulock.
5th Class.
Jas. McClelland.
Ab'm Armstrong.
John Davis.
Jas. Flanagan.
John Province.
Bailey Johnston.
Wm. Hibbs.
Wm. McElroy.
Jacob Blainey.
Alex'r Cowhorn.
(172)
ASSOCIATORS AND MILITIA.
6th Class.
Joseph Gerrard.
John Douglass.
John Huston.
Henry Franks.
Robt. McClelland.
Dav'd Lewis.
Jas. Kimmins.
Hugh Johnston.
David Casto.
7th Class.
Francis Hanah.
Jn'o Hill.
Robt. Ivors.
Jn'o Jones.
Geo. Seaton.
Jonath Mundo.
Jn'o Casto.
Jos's Eastwood.
Wm. Piles.
8th Class.
Thos. Garratt.
Nicho's Shipman.
Geo'e Greeg.
Joseph Gwin.
Jas. Winn.
Philip Nivill.
Saml. Barnhill.
James Jones.
Thos. Bowen.
Clifton Bowen.
4TH CAPT. THOS. PARKISONS RETURN VIZ:
2nd Class Roll.
Capt. Crawford.
Peter Castner.
Nich's Platter.
John Hull.
John Peters.
Emanuel Gonzalis.
Saml. Rowe.
Danl. Strewsbury.
Skinner Hudson.
Phillip Fryman.
Peter Yesseroon.
5TH CAPT. ROBERT RAMSAY'S RETURN VIZ:
2nd Class.
John Huffman, acquitted on acc't of Services in 1781.
William Masterson.
Peter Hickman.
(173)
COUNTY OF WASHINGTON.
James McClean.
James Whury acquitted on acc't of former Services (in 1781.)
Frederick Alt.
John Stephenson.
Henry Dickinson acquitted on acc't of inability of body.
James Gestridge.
John Hill.
John Messmore.
A RETURN 2ND CLASS CAPT'N JAMES CRAVEN'S COM-
PANY IN THE 5TH BATTALION WASHINGTON COUNTY
MILITIA, ORDERED TO RENDEVOUZE THE 19TH
MARCH 1782. (c.)
Daniel Reed.
Wm. Wallace.
Martin Stookey.
Isaac Newkirk.
Petter Drake.
James Young.
Anthoney Spaight.
Joseph Bently.
Benj'n Harris.
George Seypole.
Jesse Buzan.
Given under my hand this March 25, 1782.
JAMES CRAVEN, Capt.
A RETURN 2ND CLASS CAPT. GEORGE MIARS COMPY 5TH
BATTN. WASHINGTON COUNTY MILITIA ORDERED TO
RENDEVOUZE THE 19TH DAY MARCH (March 19)1782. (c.)
Philip Lieuallen, Lieut.
Dennis Smith, Serjt.
David Enoch.
Jacob Sheidler.
Jesse Rees.
John Young.
James Bradin.
John Hardintey.
Jacob Everhart.
Willlam Simms.
David Sook.
Andrew Young.
Paul Everhart.
Given under my hand this 25th day of March (March 25)1782.
PHILIP LEVAN, Leut.
(174)
ASSOCIATORS AND MILITIA.
A RETURN 1ST-AND 2ND CLASSES, CAPT. THOMAS PER-
KISON'S COMPY. 5TH BATTN. WASHINGTON COUNTY
MILITIA ORDERED TO RENDEVOUZE THE 19TH DAY
OF MARCH March 19) 1782. (c.)
1st Class.
Abraham Leforgy, Ensign.
John Jones.
David Ritchie.
Nicholas Crist.
Petter Johnson.
Benjn. Fry.
Vencint Calvin.
Henry Crabbs.
John Ridle.
William Sensor.
Joseph Wood.
2nd Class.
Petter Castner.
Nicholas Platter.
John Hull.
John Petters.
Emanuel Gonsales.
Samuel Rowe.
Daniel Shrursburry.
Skinner Hudson.
Phillip Fryman.
Petter Yesseroon.
Given under my hand this 25th day March (March 25) 1782.
THO. PARKESON;
Capt.
A RETURN 2ND CLASS CAPT. ROBERT RAMSEY'S COMPY.
5TH BATT. WASHINGTON COUNTY MILITIA ORDERED
TO RENDEVOUZE THE 19TH MARCH (March 19)1782. (c.)
John Huffman.
Wllliam Masterson.
Petter Hickman.
James McLeen.
James Wherrey.
Frederick Alt.
John Stevenson.
Henry Dickenson.
James Gutridge.
Given under my hand this 25th day March (March 25)1782.
ROBT. RAMSEY. Capt.
(175)
COUNTY OF WASHINGTON.
(c.) I Do hereby Sertify That Manuel Cogusles (Gonsalus)
has Served as a solger In my company of Melitia from the
Nintenth Day of March Till the twentyeth Day Aprile both
Days Encluded. Guiving Under my hand this twentyeth Day
of Aprile 1782.
ABRAHAM LEFORGE,
of Capt'n Roses Comp'y.
A RETURN 1ST & 2ND CLASSES CAPTN. ROBERT SWEN-
EY'S COMPY. 5TH BATTN. WASHINGTON COUNTY MILI-
TIA, ORDERED TO RENDEVOUZE THE 19TH DAY OF
MARCH, 1782. (c.)
1st Class.
Nicholas Hostidler.
John Jenkinson.
Joseph Woodfield.
John Heartly.
Michael Dowdle.
William Samuels.
David Blair.
John Hormill.
Archibald Carnes.
William Wright.
Thomas Moody.
2nd Class.
Richd. Merry.
Jacob Harrow.
Charles Hutton.
James Wright.
John Cousins.
Charles Whitelatch.
Jacob Rigle.
Cornelius Gillespie.
George Peak.
Isaac Felty.
Henry Cauffman.
Given Under my hand this 25th March (March 25) 1782.
ROBERT SWENY, Capt.
A RETURN 2ND CLASS CAPTN. EZEKIEL ROSE'S COMPY.
5TH BATTN. WASHINGTON COUNTY MILITIA ORDERED
TO RENDEVOUZE THE 19TH MARCH (March 19)1782. (c.)
John Welsh.
Saml Evans.
Petter Wise.
Fredk. Crow.
(176)
ASSOCIATORS AND MILITIA.
Wm. Paine.
John Andrews.
Henry Cline.
Richd. Welch.
Jacob Hatter.
Israel Carey.
Given Under my hand this 25th day March (March 25) 1782.
EZEKEL ROSE, Cap.
(c.) I certify that Vachel Clary hath served as a soldier in
the Militia of the Commonwealth of pensylvania 33 day be-
twixt the 17th day April & the 21st day of May and that he
has Received no pay for the same.
Given under my hand this 21st day of May 1782.
NATHAN POWELL, Lieut.
A RETURN OF CAPT. EZEKIEL ROSE COMPNY. OF THE
5TH BAT. OF WASHINGTON COUNTY MELLITIA FOR
THE 3D & 4TH CLASS. (c.)
the 3d class.
John Callender.
George Reed.
John Shidlar.
Abslem Hedge.
Danel Hardsaw.
Robrt. Weir.
John Manlng.
Francis Casteel.
Jas. Mitchal.
Adam Hatter.
the 4th Class.
George Pricker.
John Kenney.
Marten Spoon.
Jacob Lasley.
Wm. Stanley.
Jonas Hatferld.
Robrt. Booth Stump.
I do certify that the above class was sumensd agreable to
law as Wittness my hand thus 25th of April (April 25) 1782.
JOHNATHN HARNED, Leut.
(177)
COUNTY OF WASHINGTON.
RETURN OF THE 3D 4TH & 5TH CLASSES OF CAPT.
JAS. HOPKEN'S COMP. OF THE 5TH BATT'N OF WASH-
INGTON COUNTY MELLITIA. (c.)
3rd CIass.
Isaac Williams.
John Crow.
Jas. Henderson.
Wm. Jeckman.
Ellia Allon.
Hendry Spears.
Robt. Wilks.
Danel Whittacker.
4th Class.
George Mifford.
Gedam Palmer.
Joseph Brown.
Henry Dixon.
Robt. Carr.
John Chaffin.
Ritchard Hopktens.
Joseph Mounts.
Johnathan Glassee.
5th Class.
Hezekiah Ellias.
Nathen Masters.
Wm. Everit.
Able Jonson.
John Powers.
Forgis McCardil.
Ths. Almond.
Jno. Gregg.
Jacob Sisley.
Lewes Sisley.
I do Certyfi that the above Clases Was sumens'd acord'g to
Law as Witness my hand this 25th of April (April 25) 1782.
ALEXAND HOPKINS, A. S. Gn.
A RETURN OF THE 4TH & 5TH CLASS OF CAPT. GEORG
MIRES COMP. OF THE 5TH BAT. OF WASHINGTON CON.
MELLITIA. (c.)
Samuel Layon.
Jas. Alleson.
Jacob Hook.
Jacob Swinehart.
Hendry Prooner.
Abneazer White.
Samuel Meeks, Jur.
Barlet Grifith.
Ignatias Barnet.
12—Vol. II—6th Ser.
(178)
ASSOCIATORS AND MILITIA.
Danel Grisel.
Phillip Chancier.
Wm. Hill.
Samul Davis.
Jas. Grahams.
Nichlas Mires.
Jas. Croil.
Adam Weire.
Th's Rees.
Doctor Leuallen.
Remembrance Daves.
Petter Shidler.
Gasper Richet.
Michal Dunferld.
I do Certify that the above classes Was sumensed acording
to Law as Wittness my hand this 25th day of April, 1782. (April 25)
GEORGE MYARS, Capt.
A RETURN OF THE 1ST & 3D CLASS OF CAPT. BENJ'N
WHITE'S COM. OF THE 5TH BATT'N OF WASHINGTON
COUNTY MILITIA. (c.)
Leurance Purrley.
George Rigle.
Joseph Brinton.
John Houghlen.
Allex'r Andrews.
Edward Joy.
Frances Simral.
John Deems.
Zekial Penter.
Charles Wheeler.
Allex'r Moody.
Wm. Peeters.
Ths. Megines.
Robert Fossit.
Hugh Murphey.
I Do Certify that the above Clases Was Sumensed agreable
to Law as Wittness My hand thus 25th of April 1782. (April 25)
BENJ'N POWEL, Ensign.
A RETURN OF THE 4TH & 5TH CLASSES OF CAPT.
ROBRT. SWENY'S COMP. OF THE 5TH BATTN. OF
WASHINGTON COUNTY MELITIA. (c.)
the 4th Class
Jacob Snuff.
Robert Dimbo.
Christe Hegart.
John Hatfeild.
Wm. Willson.
Barney McNene.
Heugh Heal.
Isaac Harrow.
Jacob Hormal.
Michal Spencer.
(179)
COUNTY OF WASHINGTON.
the 5th Class.
Nethanel Gleas.
John Carr.
John Connaly.
Mathias Hook.
Phillip Grips.
Ths. Cook.
Joseias Dowdel.
Josias Evens.
George Jurden.
Michal Moore.
I do Certify that the above Classes Was sumensed acording
to Law as Wittness my hand thus 25th of Aprile 1782. (April 25)
ROBERT SWENY. Capt.
A RETURN OF THE 3 CLASS OF CAPT. JAMES CRAVEN
COM. IN THE 5TH BATAT WASHINGTON CO. MILITIA.
(c.)
George Tombough.
Jeremiah Craven.
Jno. Stackpole.
Frederick Wise.
Jno. Martin.
Coonrod Weaver.
Jno. Knox.
Jas. Reed.
Jesse Pewzan.
Jacob Sootz.
I do certify that the Above Class was Summoned according
to Law as witness my Hand the 8 apl. 1782.
JAMES CRAVEN, Captn.
A RETURN OF THE 3D, 4TH & 5 CLASSES OF MY COM-
PANY ORDER'D ON DUTY FOR THE DEFENCE OF THE
FRONTIERS. (c.)
Captain.
William Crawford.
James Hazelet.
Charles McDowel.
Jno. Breaken.
Jno. Crawford.
Rich'd Grey.
Jno. McKey.
Jno. McClelland.
Joseph Rankin.
(180)
ASSOCIATORS AND MILITIA.
Peter Riley.
Jno. Holton.
Robert Lewis.
Jno. Gregs.
William Gray.
James Blair.
Robert Kelso.
Jacob Israel.
Alexander Crawford.
Tho's Trulock.
James McClelland.
Abram Armstrong.
Jno. Davis. .
'Tames Flanagen.
Jno. Provance.
Baily Johnson.
William Hibbs.
William McIlroy.
Jacob Blaney.
Jno. Ivers.
Given under my hand this 24th Day of April 1782. (April 24)
WILLIAM CRAWFORD, Capt.
A RETURN OF THE 3D CLASS OF CAPT. GEORGE MIRE'S
COMPY. OF THE 5TH BATT. OF WASHINGTON COUNTY
MILLITIA.
John Raynolds.
Jacob Bradin.
Nehemiah Harper.
Elias Jenkens.
Robt. Stephson.
Joseph Bidle.
Adam hartman.
John Kimble.
Ths. Kelley, Junr.
Henry Fix.
Jas. Henthorn.
David Frasier.
John Howal.
I do certify the above class was sumensed according to law
as wittness my hand this 8th of Aprl. 1782.
GEORGE MYERS, Capt.
(c.) These are to certify that Edward Browner hath Sarved
as Millitia soldier & as substitute in the room of John Riddle
in actual Sarvice under my command from the seventeenth
Day of March till the sixtienth Day of April Both Days In-
cluded Given at Fort Henrey this 17 Day of April 1782. (April 17)
EZEKIEL ROSE, Capt. Com'dt.[23]
William Crawford is the 6th great grandfather of Jeffery Lee Goodlove.
April 25, 1796: Pinckney's Treaty, also known as the Treaty of San Lorenzo or the Treaty of Madrid, was signed in San Lorenzo de El Escorial on October 27, 1795 and established intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain. It also defined the boundaries of the United States with the Spanish colonies and guaranteed the United States navigation rights on the Mississippi River. The treaty's full title is Treaty of Friendship, Limits, and Navigation Between Spain and the United States. Thomas Pinckney negotiated the treaty for the United States and Don Manuel de Godoy represented Spain. Among other things, it ended the first phase of the West Florida Controversy, a dispute between the two nations over the boundaries of the Spanish colony of West Florida.
The treaty was presented to the United States Senate on February 26, 1796 and after several weeks of debate was ratified on March 7, 1796. It was ratified by Spain on April 25, 1796 and ratifications were exchanged on that date. The treaty was proclaimed on August 3, 1796. [24]
1804 - April 25 - Litigation at New Madrid:James Ashworth vs. Thomas, slave of Benjamin Harrison, Sr. Prosecution for robbery. Verdict rendered against Thomas, May 24, 1804. [25]
Benjamin Harrison is the 5th great granduncle of Jeffery Lee Goodlove.
April 25, 1833: JEPTHA M.8 CRAWFORD (VALENTINE "VOL"7, JOSEPH "JOSIAH"6, VALENTINE5, VALENTINE4, WILLIAM3, MAJOR GENERAL LAWRENCE2, HUGH1) was born December 28, 1812 in Estell County, Kentucky, and died January 29, 1863 in Jackson County, Missouri/ Blue Springs Cemetery. He married ELIZABETH (BETSY) HARRIS January 30, 1832 in Jackson County, Missouri, daughter of RUBAN HARRIS and MARGARET MCALEXANDER.
Notes for JEPTHA M. CRAWFORD:
Settled 1831 a short distance South of Oak Grove near Round Prairie, Jackson County, Missouri.
Bought 40 acres, April 25, 1833 in Section 15 Range 48 Township 30. Jackson County Missouri.
Bought 40 acres, May 31, 1836 Section 15 Range 48 Township 30. Jackson County, Missouri.
Bought 40 acres from Richard and Saryn Sneed, 19 September 1846 (NW 1/4 of the NE 1/4 S15 T49 R30)
The Will of Jeptha Crawford
Jeptha Crawford died intestate Appoints Elizabeth Crawford & C.B.L. Booth, Admrs. December 18, 1865.
Jeptha Crawford
Elizabeth Crawford & his children, Laura F. Whitsett, Marion Crawford, Laurana Crawford, Jeptha D. Crawford, F. Alexander Crawford, Volentine Crawford living in Jackson County, Mo., the children of Susan Vandiver & the children of Arminia Selvey. William L. Crawford in Texas, Mariah Crawford supposed in Alabama, Ann E. Selvey in Buchanan County, Mary E. Bowman in Illinois. Signed December 18. 1865.
Farmers Census 1850-1860-1870
Jackson County, Missouri
1850
Crawford, Jeptha 50 Imp. acres 40 unimp. Value $1200 5 horses 5 oxen
1860
Crawford, Jeptha 70 Imp. acres 90 unimp. Value $3200 7 horses 1 mule 10 oxen
1870
Crawford, Elizabeth 40 acres 20 woods area Value $2100 No livestock
More About JEPTHA M. CRAWFORD:
Burial: January 18, 1863, Location: Row 1 Lot 3. Blue Springs Cemetery, Blue Springs Missouri. The inscription reads: Jephthah M. Crawford died 29 January 1863 Age 50 yrs. 1 mo. 12 da.
Elected: August 05, 1836, Monday August 1836. Elected Constable with 40 votes defeating William Williams, 11 votes; Thomas P. Clark, 29 votes; William Nolan, 5 votes.
Marriage Notes for JEPTHA CRAWFORD and ELIZABETH HARRIS:
Recording of their marriage
The State of Missouri, to wit, The undersigned an acting Justice of the Peace for Boone County Township in the County of Jackson, Certifies that on the 30th of January 1831 he united in Matrimony Jeptha M. Crawford & Betsy Harris, Certified this 22nd Feby 1832.
D.C. Butterfield J.P.
Recorded the 29th Feby 1832.
Children of JEPTHA CRAWFORD and ELIZABETH HARRIS are:
14. i. LAURA F.9 CRAWFORD, b. 1833, Jackson County, Missouri.
15. ii. SUSAN JANE CRAWFORD, b. 1835, Jackson County, Missouri; d. August 14, 1863, Kansas City, Missouri.
16. iii. ANN ELIZABETH CRAWFORD, b. March 06, 1836, Jackson County, Missouri; d. October 22, 1874, Blue Springs, Jackson County, Missouri.
17. iv. ARMENIA CRAWFORD, b. 1838.
v. WILLIAM L. CRAWFORD, b. 1839.
18. vi. MARY ELIZABETH CRAWFORD, b. April 19, 1840, Jackson County, Missouri; d. June 17, 1920, Grain Valley, Purdee Cemetery, Missouri.
vii. MARSHALL N. CRAWFORD, b. 1843.
viii. MARION CRAWFORD, b. 1845, Jackson County, Missouri; d. 1872, Jackson County, Missouri; m. SUSAN ELIZABETH ST. CLAIR, November 11, 1869, Jackson county, Missouri.
Notes for MARION CRAWFORD:
Letter of Administration for Marion Crawford
Marion Crawford died Intestate
Marshall N. Crawford apptd. to adm. estate 3 Jan 1872
Marion Crawford...Marshall N. Crawford Admn. with C.B.L. Booth, heirs Elizabeth Crawford, William Crawford, Laura Whitsett, Ann E. Selvey, Rany Selvey, M.N. Crawford, J.D. Crawford, F. Crawford, Valentine Crawford the children of Susan Vandever & the children of Melvina Selvey, & Susan Crawford.
ix. RILEY CRAWFORD, b. 1847, Jackson County, Missouri; d. 1864, Cooper County, Missouri.
Notes for RILEY CRAWFORD:
After Riley's father, Jeptha, was murdered by troops of Captain Penick, January 29, 1862, Riley's mother, Elizabeth, took him to William Quantrill and asked him to make a guerrilla of him, so he could avenge his father's death.
He was not only one of the youngest but also one of the hardest fighters on Quantrill's roster. After the Battle of Baxter Springs while eating supper and drinking whiskey from captured rations, Riley stepped up to one of the dead soldiers and said, 'Get up you S.O.B....and to everyone's surprise rise the man, having feigned death and thinking he had been discovered, stood up before him. Riley drew his pistol and shot him dead.
x. LURANA CRAWFORD, b. 1848.
xi. JEPTHA DUDLY CRAWFORD, b. 1851, Jackson County, Missouri; m. SARAH C. DEALY, February 25, 1875, Jackson county, Missouri.
Notes for JEPTHA DUDLY CRAWFORD:
Probably changed his name from Dudley Crawford to Jeptha Dudley after his father's murder.
19. xii. FLEMING ALEXANDER CRAWFORD, b. 1853, Jackson County, Missouri.
xiii. VALENTINE CRAWFORD, b. 1855.
11. NANCY ANN8 CRAWFORD (VALENTINE "VOL"7, JOSEPH "JOSIAH"6, VALENTINE5, VALENTINE4, WILLIAM3, MAJOR GENERAL LAWRENCE2, HUGH1) was born 1816 in Estell County, Kentucky. She married GREEN BERRY KELLY October 24, 1838 in Madison County, Kentucky.
Children of NANCY CRAWFORD and GREEN KELLY are:
i. ACHILLES9 KELLY, b. 1839.
ii. GREEN BERRY KELLY, b. 1840.
iii. SUSAN KELLY, b. 1841.
iv. ANDREW KELLY, b. 1843.
v. ZENELDA KELLY, b. 1844.
vi. WILLIAM KELLY, b. 1845.
vii. MARRY KELLY, b. 1847.
viii. SARAH KELLY, b. 1849.
ix. NANCY KELLY, b. March 10, 1852, Estell County, Kentucky; m. WILLIAM KINDRED.
x. JOHN KELLY, b. 1854.
xi. EVALINE KELLY, b. 1855.
12. MARSHALL N.8 CRAWFORD (VALENTINE "VOL"7, JOSEPH "JOSIAH"6, VALENTINE5, VALENTINE4, WILLIAM3, MAJOR GENERAL LAWRENCE2, HUGH1) was born 1817 in Estill County, Kentucky, and died in Collins County, Texas. He married REBBECA HADDIX.
Children of MARSHALL CRAWFORD and REBBECA HADDIX are:
i. NANCY9 CRAWFORD, b. 1846.
ii. M. N. CRAWFORD, b. 1848.
iii. ARMINA CRAWFORD, b. 1850.
iv. JNO. D. CRAWFORD, b. 1851.
v. ROB CRAWFORD, b. 1853.
vi. G W CRAWFORD, b. 1854.
13. LOURANA "LOU"8 CRAWFORD (VALENTINE "VOL"7, JOSEPH "JOSIAH"6, VALENTINE5, VALENTINE4, WILLIAM3, MAJOR GENERAL LAWRENCE2, HUGH1) was born February 08, 1824 in Estell County, Kentucky, and died February 10, 1910 in Crowell Foard County, Texas. She married BSILEY FINNEY March 18, 1844.
Children of LOURANA CRAWFORD and BILEY FINNEY are:
i. LOUIS9 FINNEY.
ii. LOUISA FINNEY, m. MIKE JUDGE. [26]
Jeptha Crawford is the 3rd cousin 5x removed of Jeffery Lee Goodlove.
April 25, 1843:
Princess Alice,
later Grand Duchess of Hesse
1843 April 25
1843
187814 December
1878
Married 1862, Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (1837–1892);
2 sons, 5 daughters (including Alexandra, Empress of Russia)
Princess Alice is the 16th cousin 6x removed of Jeffery Lee Goodlove.
Mon. April 25, 1864
Started at 4 am marched 18 m.[27]
Camped 2 m west of Alexandra on rapide[28]
Very hot day
Smith skirmished again not much loss[29]
100_1716
“The U.S. Civil War Out West” The History Channel.
William Harrison Goodlove is the 2nd great grandfather of Jeffery Lee Goodlove.
April 25, 1907
Jessie Goodlove spent Sunday at home.[30]
Jessie Pearl Goodlove is the great grandaunt of Jeffery Lee Goodlove.
April 25, 1920: San Remo Conference - Supreme Allied Council assigns mandates for Mesopotamia and Palestine to Britain, and Syria and Lebanon to France.[31]
April 25, 1921: At the hearing before the county superintendent on April 25, 1921, ten men representing all of those signing the remonstrances against the formation of the district, except for those signing the fourth petition, testified. Each of thse was well respected and came from a family with a long history in the area. These included F. E. Williamson, the president of one of the two bgancks inb Hopkinton anhd the treasurer of the Hopkinton School District; Reuben Moulton, farmer and former director of the Union No. 3 subdistrict; W. P. Hogan, farmer, major landowner, and former school director from Union No. 5; W. J. Kehoe, farm owner operator and school director from Union No. 4; Frank G. Kehoe, farm owner operator and former school director from Union No. 6; W. H. Milroy, farm renter from Union No. 6; Cliff Dighton, farm renter from Union No 6; John Flanagan, Jr., farm renter from Union No. 6; Thomas Supple, farm owner-operator and former director from Hazel Green No. 6. Moulton had been a member of the Buck Creek Church but left it because of his opposition to the Klan. Other Moultons in the Buck Creek neighborhood were stunch supporters of consolidation. Dighton and Milroy were Methodists but attended church in Hopkinton, ostensibly because of Klan involvement in the Buck Creek Church. All the others, except for Williamson, a Presbyterian, were Catholics and members of either the Castle Grove or Ryan Parishes. After listening to their testimony, County Superintendent Ottilie perfunctorily and summarily overruled their objections and informed them that they had ten days to file an appeal of his decision to the county board of education.[32]
Most of the objectors who had testified before the county superintendent on April 25 presented their objections again at the May 10 meeting of the county board called for that purpose. Overruling both sets of objections, the county board sustained the decision of the county superintendent and approved the boundaries of the district as proposed in the petition of April 12. The objectors from Hazel Green and Union Township who testified were surprised and infuriated when the county board took the time to also hear presentations from the advocates of consolidation from the Buck Creek Church. They maintained correctly that the hearing was supposed to be devoted to hearing and evaluating their objections to the boundaries of the district, not to be a debate on the merits of consolidation. They argued that the hearing was a charade, a “put-up deal.” Several of those who had appeared before the county superintenjdent on April 25 did not attend the appeal. One of these, Reuben Moulton, objected to the fact that the county superintendent hyad not informed him of the time and place of the appeal. Therefore, he maintained that the hearing had not been a legal hearing. Recognizing that Moulton was correct, Ottilie had no recourse but to go through the whole appeal process again.[33]
April 25, 1933: Law Against Overcrowding of German Schools and universities.[34] The Law against the Overcrowding of German Schools and Institutions of Higher Learning set a Jewish quota of 1.5 percent of high-school and university enrollment, and stipulated a limit of 5-percent Jewish enrollment in any single school. Because a compulsory education law was in effect, Jewish enrollment in primary schools was not limited for the time being. However, growing numbers of Jews voluntarily moved to purely Jewish settings by 1938, when they were totally barred from general institutions. In autumn 1941, the Jewish schools were closed by administrative order. Ironically, extra-legal discrimination against Jews seeking admission to colleges and universities existed in the United States at this time. These quotas would hang on until the later 1960’s.[35]
April 25, 1953: Watson and Crick's solution was formally announced on April 25, 1953, following its publication in that month’s issue of Nature magazine. The article revolutionized the study of biology and medicine. Among the developments that followed directly from it were pre-natal screening for disease genes; genetically engineered foods; the ability to identify human remains; the rational design of treatments for diseases such as AIDS; and the accurate testing of physical evidence in order to convict or exonerate criminals.
Crick and Watson later had a falling-out over Watson's book, which Crick felt misrepresented their collaboration and betrayed their friendship. A larger controversy arose over the use Watson and Crick made of research done by another DNA researcher, Rosalind Franklin, whose colleague Maurice Wilkins showed her X-ray photographic work to Watson just before he and Crick made their famous discovery. When Crick and Watson won the Nobel Prize in 1962, they shared it with Wilkins. Franklin, who died in 1958 of ovarian cancer and was thus ineligible for the award, never learned of the role her photos played in the historic scientific breakthrough. [36]
April 25, 2004
Winifred Garner
July 2, 1912-April 25, 2004
Winifred Goodlove Gardner
• Birth:
1912
Death:
2004
http://www.findagrave.com/icons2/trans.gif
w/o Vance N.
Family links:
Spouse:
Vance N. Gardner (1910 - 1966)*
*Calculated relationship
Burial:
Jordans Grove Cemetery
Central City
Linn County
Iowa, USA
Created by: Gail Wenhardt
Record added: Apr 04, 2011
Find A Grave Memorial# 67904206
Winifred Goodlove Gardner
Added by: Gail Wenhardt
Winifred Goodlove Gardner
Cemetery Photo
Added by: Jackie L. Wolfe
[37]
[38]
Uli and Lisa visit, 2004
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[2] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[3] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[4] "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edward_I_of_England&oldid=549624416"
Categories:
[5] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clan_MacKinnon
[6] Trial by Fire by Harold Rawlings, page 38.
[7] mike@abcomputers.com
[8] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[9] mike@abcomputers.com
[10] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[11] http://freepages.military.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/germany.htm
[12] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[13] http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/technique/gun-timeline/
[14] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[15] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[16] April 28, 1752 instructions (quoted above), the Ohio Company directed Christopher
Gist to employ Indians who were already acquainted with the ―ways‖ to cut the
contemplated Ohio Company road.
· As related above, Jacobs—a man who was in a position to know—clearly states that the
Ohio Company road followed a route that was in some fashion identified by the Indian
Nemacolin.
[17] Brownsville, PA. The present-day city is located at Redstone Creek. That was the location of a storehouse used by the Ohio Company and used as a staging area later for Braddock in his attack on Fort Duquesne in July 1755.
http://www.thelittlelist.net/boatobye.htm
[18] In Search of Turkey Foot Road, pages 75-76.
[19] The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources, 1745-1799. John C. Fitzpatrick, Editor. Vol 1. Pgs. 336-337
[20] http://www.archive.org/stream/germanalliedtroo00eelkuoft/germanalliedtroo00eelkuoft_djvu.txt
[21] Day of Shame (Gnadenhutten). On March 8, 1782 perhaps ninety Christian Indians were killed by Pennsylvania militia at Gnadenhutten in Ohio.
Day of Shame. Park on South Cherry Street in Gnadenhutten, OH (US 36). Photos by compiler with Joyce Chandler. Enlarged marker and enlarged memorial.
"The Gnadenhutten Massacre, 'A Day of Shame.' The Gnadenhutten Indians were facing starvation on the Sandusky. A group was permitted to return to Gnadenhutten early in 1782 to harvest crops that were left when the village was abandoned. While gathering their harvest the Gnadenhuttn Indians were mistaken for Indian raiders who had struck in western Pennsylvania a few weeks earlier. They were captured without incident and sentenced to death by a group of Pennsylvania militia seeking revenge. The Christian Indians, men in one cabin and women and children in another, prayed and sang all night before their execution. On March 8, 1782, an estimated 90 men, women, and children were brutally killed. Only two young boys were known to have escaped. The massacre did not ease hositilities in western Pennsylvania, but fueled more attacks by Wyandot, Delaware, and Shawnee Indians.
"The Ohio Bicentennial Commission. Society of Colonial Wars in the State of Ohio. The Ohio Historical Society. 2003."
http://www.thelittlelist.net/dagtodut.htm
[22] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/pennsylvania-militiamen-senselessly-murder-patriot-allies
[23] http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/washington/military/must171-180.txt
[24] Further reading
•Grant, Ethan. "The Treaty Of San Lorenzo And Manifest Destiny" Gulf Coast Historical Review, 1997, Vol. 12 Issue 2, pp 44–57
•Young, Raymond A. "Pinckney's Treaty - A New Perspective," Hispanic American Historical Review, Nov 1963, Vol. 43 Issue 4, pp 526–535
Citations
1. ^ Rembert W. Patrick, Florida Fiasco: Rampant Rebels on the Georgia-Florida Border (2010) p 266
2. ^ http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/sp1795.asp Avalon Project of Lillian Goldman Law Library at Yale University
3. ^ O'Brien, Greg. "Choctaw and Power". Choctaws in a Revolutionary Age, 1750–1830. University of Nebraska Press.
[25] (New Madrid Archives #1359) Chronology of Benjamin Harrison compiled by Isobel Stebbins Giuvezan. Afton, Missouri, 1973 http://www.shawhan.com/benharrison.html
[26] http://penningtons.tripod.com/jepthagenealogy.htm
[27] The retreat had been conducted by forced marches and the troops, marching day and night, completely exhausted upon reaching Alexandria. Company A, of the Twenty-fourth Iowa had been detailed to guard the steamer “Hetty Gilmore” from Grand Ecore down the river. During the trip a detachment of the enemy attempted to capture the boat but was driven off. Two men of the company, Sergeant Charles Wager and Private Rudolph McKinley, were severely wounded. The company returned to the regiment at Alexandrea. (Roster of Iowa Soldiers in the War of the Rebellion Vol. III, 24th Regiment-Infantry ftp://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgienweb/ia/state/military/civilwar/book/cwbk 24.txt.
[28] Banks had reached Alexandria on 25 Apr., where he found that the water had gone down so that the fleet could not pass the double rapids. http://www.civilwarhome.com/redrivercampaign.htm
[29] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeffery Lee Goodlove.
[30] Winton Goodlove papers.
[31] http://www.zionism-israel.com/his/Israel_and_Jews_before_the_state_timeline.htm
[32] There Goes the Neighborhood, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 207.
[33] There Goes the Neighborhood, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 208.
[34] Your People, My People by A. Roy Eckardt, page 23
[35] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[36] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
[37] http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Goodlove&GSiman=1&GRid=67904206&
[38] Uli and Lisa visit, 2004
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