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Jeff Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), Jefferson, LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, and including ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Adams, John Quincy Adams and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Martin Van Buren, Teddy Roosevelt, U.S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison “The Signer”, Benjamin Harrison, Jimmy Carter, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, William Taft, and John Tyler (10th President), James Polk (11th President)Zachary Taylor, Abraham Lincoln
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://wwwfamilytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.
Birthdays on this date:
Barbara A. Adams
Mark L. Armstrong
Charles P. Crawford
Massey W. Harrison Farrar
Faye V. HOLDER
Helen Marris Bateman
Anna B. Matter Huck
Christy R. Whalen
December 31, 535: Byzantine General Belisarius took the city of Syracuse which marks the completion of the conquest of Sicily. In 536 he would march into Rome itself. This military action was part of Emperor Justinian’s plan to take back what had been the Western Roman Empire and recreate the Roman Empire of the Caesar’s with the capital at Constantinople. Belisarius’ victory probably did not over-joy the Jews living in the "Giudecche" or Jewish Quarters of Sicily since it brought with it Justinian’s Code. Amongst other things the code “prohibited Jews from building synagogues, reading the Bible in Hebrew, assemble in public, celebrate Passover before Easter, and testify against Christians in court.”[1]
538 CE: The Third Council of Orleans, Gaul forbids Jews to employ Christian servants or possess Christian slaves. Jews are prohibited from appearing in the streets during Easter: “their appearance is an insult to Christianity”. A Merovinian king Childebert approves the measure.[2]
540 A.D.: Rabaul Caldera
Bismarck Volcanic Arc
VEI: 6
540 AD[3]
.
540 A.D.: An outbreak of Plague occurs at Pelusium, Egypt[4]
541-542
25,000,000 Die in Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire
00541-01-01
Plague of Justinian
bubonic plague
[5][5]
Plague of Justinian
541 – 542
Picture 1-63
The Plague of Justinian was a pandemic that afflicted the Byzantine Empire, including its capital Constantinople, in the years 541–542 AD. The most commonly accepted cause of the pandemic is bubonic plague, which later became infamous for either causing or contributing to the Black Death of the 14th century. Its social and cultural impact is comparable to that of the Black Death. In the views of 6th century Western historians, it was nearly worldwide in scope, striking central and south Asia, North Africa and Arabia, and Europe as far north as Denmark and as far west as Ireland. The plague would return with each generation throughout the Mediterranean basin until about 750. The plague would also have a major impact on the future course of European history. Modern historians named it after the Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I, who was in power at the time and himself contracted the disease. Modern scholars believe that the plague killed up to 5,000 people per day in Constantinople at the peak of the pandemic. It ultimately killed perhaps 40% of the city’s inhabitants. The initial plague went on to destroy up to a quarter of the human population of the eastern Mediterranean.[6]
542 A.D. Justinians Empire covered more territory than any others in more than two centuries encompassing Italy, North Africa, Egypt, Turkey, Greece and Palastine. The Meditteranian was once again a Roman Lake.[7]
542 CE: Justinian builds a new cathedral in Constantinople, built over the ashes of his chard capital. The Hia Sophia Church is imitated by all the Mosques in Constantinople, Venice, St. Marks, and the Vatican.[8]
December 31, 1229: James I of Aragon the Conqueror enters Medina Mayurqa (now known as Palma, Spain) thus consummating the Christian conquest of the island of Majorca. Following his victory, James “gave the Jews a quarter in the neighborhood of his palace for their dwellings, granted protection to all Hebrews who wished to settle on the island, guaranteed them the rights of citizens, permitted them to adjudicate their own civil disputes, to kill cattle according to their ritual, and to draw up their wills and marriage contracts in Hebrew. Christians and Moors were forbidden, under severe penalties, to insult the Jews or to take earth and stones from their cemeteries; and the Jews were ordered to complain directly to the king of any act of injustice toward them on the part of the royal officials. They were allowed to charge 20 per cent interest on loans, but the amount of interest was not to exceed the capital. In case a Jew practiced usury, the community was not held responsible. The penalty for lending money on the wages of slaves hired out by their masters was loss of the capital. Jews could buy and hold houses, vineyards, and other property in Majorca as well as in any other part of the kingdom. They could not be compelled to lodge Christians in their homes: in fact, Christians were forbidden to dwell with Jews; and Jewish convicts were given separate cells in the prisons. If the slave of a Jew or Moor adopted Judaism or Mohammedanism, he had to be set free and was required to leave the island.”[9]
1230: Hafsid monarchy takes over from Almohads in Tunisia and acquires Saharan trade, German minnesinger Walther von der Vogelweide dies, death of Ottokar I King of Bohemia, Peace of San Germano between emperor and pope – Frederick II being absolved from excommunication, Wenceslas I becomes King of Bohemia, Leprosy imported to Europe by Crusaders, Founding of Berlin on site of former Slav settlements, Death of Ottakar I King of Bohemia, Genghis Kahn's son retires, Union of the kingdoms of Castile and León, Lübeck and Hamburg form alliance, beginning of the Hanseatic league, Hafsid monarchy takes over from Almohads in Tunisia and acquires Saharan trade. [10]
December 31, 1378: Birthdate of Callixtus III the Pope who issued “Si ad reprimendos” the Bull that confirmed “Dudum ad nostram audientiam” which forbade Jews to live with Christians or to hold public office.[11]
1379: Treaty of Neuberg – Albert III and Leopold III divide Hapsburg territories between them, William of Wyleham founds New College at Oxford, Scottish earl Henry Sinclair takes control of Orkney on behalf of Norwegian King Hakon VI Magnusson, Halley's Comet. [12]
Early 1380: By the beginning of 1380 Wheatcliff had begun organizing the translation from Latin of the first English Bible. The work took place in Oxford, with a number of translators. Once the translation was done the new bible was reproduced. Hundreds were copied in scriptaria, production lines producing handwritten copies. 170 of these bibles survive. [13] Wheatcliff had begun to organize and train what had become a new religious order of itinerant preachers who he dispatched around England. Their purpose was to spread the word, literally, in English. In the highway, byways, inns and taverns and village greens, they preached against church corruption and proclaimed Wheatcliffs anti-clerical ideas. They read from Wheatcliffs bible and they became known as Lolards. They were hated by the Catholic establishment. They went straight to the source of God’s teaching, and cut out the preasts.[14]
• The first English translation of the Bible:
• Blessed be poor men in spirit, for the kingdom of heaven is theirs.
• Blessed be mild men for they shall wield the earth.
• Blessed be they that mourn for they shall be comforted.
• Blessed be they that hunger and thirst, rightwise for they shall be fullfilled.
• Blessed by merciful men, for they shall get mercy.
• Blessed by they that be of clean heart for they shall see God.
• Wheatcliff’s Bible.
So far, with respect to the 1380’s, no sources regarding Gutleben have become known from any other city or region. We may assume that he remained active in Strassburg until the end of his contract. A correspondence record from from the Strassburg City Archive, undated, unfortuanatelyt, undoubtedly stems from this time and shows the Jewish physician Gutleben resideng in the cathedral city, in correspondence with his co-religionist Ismael, a former member of the Strassburg Jewish community, who was obviously staing in Augsburg and had fallen into trouble. [15] 1380 to1383 Vivelin/Gutleben in Colmar.[16] Foundation of Kongo kingdom in Congo river mouth region of Zaire, Death of Charles V of France and Charles VI the Mad rules, Dimitri IV of Mosc ow defeats Mongols at Kulikov, Timur begins campaigns to Persia, Georgia, Russia, Egypt etc., death of Catherine of Siena, Mongol Tamerlane conquers Persia, begins expansion, death of Catherine of Siena, John Wyclif translates Bible into English, Geoffrey Chaucer begins Canterbury tales, Death of Charles V the Wise of France, Charles VI named to 1422, John Wycliffe begins translation of New Testament from Greek to English 1300s, John Wycliffe condems Pope as Anti-Christ, Muscovites inflict major defeat on Golden Horde at Kulikovo, Hans Fugger founds banking concern at Augsburg - becomes largest financial house by 1500, Death of Charles V of France, death of Bertrand du Guesclin of France - chief soldier. [17]
1381: Master Gutleben worked only a few years in the position of Basel’s city physician and received at the end of the year 24 fl. at the most. Starting in 1381, he at first is not mentioned any more in the Basel records; he seems to have left the city at that time.[18] Peasants’ Revolt in England led by Wat Tyler, Anglo-French truce for six eyars, Venice wins “Hundred Years War” against Genoa – start of flourishing of commerce, arts and sciences, Chaucer writes “House of Fame”, - Emergence of John Wycliffe and Lollards. [19]
December 31, 1403
On the 31st of December 1403 the mayor and city council of Basel are asking for the city physician Master Heinrich.[20]
1404: Glyndwr sets up Welsh parliament at Machynlleth Wales, important Chinese play “Pi Pa Ki” or Story of the Lute created, Glyndwr sets up Welsh parliament at Machynlleth Wales, Glyndwr treaty with France,[21]
December 31, 1460: Child of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York and Cecily Neville: May 17, 1443-December 31, 1460: mEdmund, Earl of Rutland (May 17, 1443 – December 31, 1460).[22]
December 31, 1438: Albert II of Habsburg is crowned King of Hungary. Albert confirmed the privilegium of Béla IV. In 1251 Béla had granted a privilgium to his Jewish subjects which was essentially the same as that granted by Duke Frederick II the Quarrelsome to the Austrian Jews in 1244, but which Béla modified to suit the conditions of Hungary.[23]
1439 Jews expelled from Augsburg.[24] Heirs to the French throne receive title Conte du Dauphine, Henry the Navigator of Portugal opens sailing school at Sagres, Florence becomes Renaissance center, Prince Henry the Navigator retires to Sagre POR and founds college of navigation, Council of Basle deposes Pope Eugene IV – Felix V the antipope to 1449, Great Church Council at Florence. [25]
1440s: The Janissary corps of the Ottoman army was using matchlock arms.[26] Incas build great fortress at Cuzco, Reign of Aztec emperor Moctezuma I and warriors begin to conquer E Mexico, Frederick of Styria and Catinthia elected German King, Platonic Academy in Florence founded, Montezuma I expands Aztec power, Kirtticasa's Ramayana written in India, Frederick III HRE to 1493, Johannes Gutenberg invents printing from moveable metal type, Gutenberg creates printing press, Incas build great fortress at Cuzco, Reign of Aztec emperor Moctezuma I and warriors begin to conquer E Mexico, death of Gilles de Rais – French occultist and serial killer of 80-200 children. [27]
December 31, 1492: One hundred thousand Jews were expelled from Sicily,[28] many going to Tunisia.[29]
DSC05258
gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg[30]
On the forfeiture of the last Lord of the Isles, A.D. 1493, already referred to, the name of the then chief is uncertain, but he became independent, though his clan was so small, that he never attained any great power in consequence.[31]
The name of the Mackinnon chief in 1493 is uncertain.[32]
1493: During the government of the Lords of the Isles, which commenced on the abandonment of their conquests by the Norwegians to the King of Scotland, A.D. 1266 and terminated at the forfeiture of the last lord, A.D. 1493 (temp. James III.), but little can be gathered concerning the deeds of the clan, as, in consequence of their connection with the MacDonalds, many a bold enterprise was doubtless attributed to that powerful tribe which held sway over the lesser tribes, and which would naturally include their actions amongst their own. In one event, forever, of considerable importance, we find the MacKinnons taking a share.[33]On the forfeiture of the last Lord of the Isles, A.D. 1493, already referred to, the name of the then chief is uncertain, but he became independent, though his clan was so small, that he never attained any great power in consequence. In the disturbances in the Isles, which continued during the 16th century, the name of Sir Lauchlan MacKinnon occurs very frequently and he appears, notwithstanding the comparatively small extent of his possessions, to have been a man of consideration in his time. From this time forth the clan took a part in all the political events in which the Highlanders of Scotland were engaged.[34]
In the late 15th century Clan Mackinnon moved from their earlier base at Dun Ringill, near Elgol, to the castle at Kyleakin. At that time the castle was known as Dun Acainn.[35]According to tradition, the castle was built by a Norse princess called "Saucy Mary", married to a MacKinnon chief. It was known as Dunakin in medieval times and was a stronghold of the MacKinnons. After Flodden, a great meeting of chiefs was held here in a failed attempt to restore the Lordship of the Isles.[36]
1493: On a second voyage, Columbus lands on Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and other islands in the West Indies.[37] Columbus brings cattle, sugar cane, wheat, nd other European animals and plants to the West Indies.[38] 17 ships from arrive from Spain in an Island in the Carribean sea carrying 1200 Spaniards. It is the beginning of a stampede of Spanish exploration and conquest. Some will go south, some to the Andes, some to the Mississippi. It is the conquest of the Americas. Driven by greed, carrying weapons and bringing an animal that didn’t exist on this continent. With the horse Spain is able to annialate entire empires in only a few decades. Within 40 years the Incas fall to Pissarro, and the Aztecs in Central America to Cortez. Where there were towns and cities inhabited by millions of people the Spaniards leave only ruins and no one to manage the land. [39] As early as 1493, Spanish authorities in New Spain had passed decrees barring the entry of New Christians. Only those with purity of blood certificates, which certified they were descendants of four generations of Old Catholics, were licensed to migrate to the new world. But these statues were only sporadically enforced in the new frontiers. Because ship crews did not require the certificates, there were several conversos among the early conquistadors of Brazil, Nueva Granada in Latin America, and Nueva Espana, the mammoth territory that included the Philippines, Central America, Mexico, and what is now the American Southwest and California.[40] In 1493 the royal court moved east into Ferdinand’s domain of Catalonia and settled down in Barcelona. Now, as the monarchs arrived and took up residence in the Great Royal Palace, the city presented a woeful face. Once the Venice of Spain and the rival of Constantinople, with its thriving trade and bustling commerce, Barcelona suddenly was stagnant. For the Jews of Barcelona had provided the intellectual energy and the financial backbone of the city, and they had left en masse. “Today no trade at all is practiced,” lamented a local dignitary, “not a bolt of cloth is seen. Clothmakers are unemployed, and other workers the same.” The Jewish quarter had graced the city with its finest schools, its best doctors, its poets and philosophers, and in the blink of an eye, they were all gone. [41] Maximilian I becomes Holy Roman Emperor, succeeding his father Frederick III.[42] The Nuremberg Chronicle, and illustrated world history, is published in Bavaria.[43] End of reign of Emperor Topa Inca in Peru, Death of Frederick of Styria and Carinthia as German King and HRE – Maximilian I reigns as HRE, Pope Alexander VI publishes Papal bull “Inter cetera divina” dividing the New World between Spain and Portugal, Statute of Piotrkow grants Polish aristocracy privileges at expense of burghers and peasants, First Bundschuh (peasant’s revolt) in Alsace and southwest Germany, Turks invade Dalmatia and Croatia, Macimilian I invests Lodovico (Il Moro) Sforza with the duchy of Milan, Charles VIII of France prepares to invade Italy, Maximilian I marries Biance Maria Sforza, Lucretia Borgia daughter of Pope Alexander VI marries Giovanni Sforza, but marriage annulled 1497, Nuremburg chronicle – history from creation to present time published in Latin and German, Richard Pynson prints first dated book Henry Parker’s “Dialogue of Dives and Pauper”, Pope Alexander VI appoints son Cesare Borgia a cardinal, Jacques Lefevre d’Etaples publishes “Paraphrasis in Aristotelis octo physicos libros”, Tilman RIemenschneider the German sculptor carves “Madonna”, Maximilian I appoints court organist and composer, Columbus returns to Palos and leaves Spain on second voyage where he discovers Puerto Rico, Dominica and Jamaica, horse reintroduced into N America, Newly discovered lands divided between Spain and Portugal by Pope Alexander VI, height of Songhai Empire under Askia Mohammed who takes over much of the Mandingo Empire, Maximilian I HRE to 1519, Maximilian I elected HRE, Pope establishes line of Demarcation, End of reign of Emperor Topa Inca in Peru. [44]
December 31, 1728
“December 31, 1728, Andrew Harrison, of Spotsylvania County,
Virginia, to Richard Fitz William, Esq., in trust for himself, the Honble Win. Gooch, His Majesties Lieut. Governor, Captain Vincent Pearse, Dr. Geo. Nicholas & Charles Chlswill, £70 currency; 600 acres in Spotsylvania County and sd land purchased by the sd Harrison, of Harry”Beverley, the sd land having been granted by patent to the sd Beverley.”
Witnesses: William Wombwell Cliff, Thos. Jarman, Augustine Graham. Recorded July 4, 1728.29.[45]
(DEEDS SPOTSVYLVANIA - Excerpts) Deed Book A 1722-172 9, page 104; 'December 31, 1728. Rec. February 4, 1728-9. Elizabeth, wife of Andrew Harrison, acknowledged her dower in sd. land, etc.' [S9] [S461] [S155] [S1416]
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_Anthony HARRISON ___+
| (1600 - 1660)
_Richard HARRISON ___|
| (1628 - ....) |
| |_____________________
|
_Andrew HARRISON _____|
| (1648 - 1718) m 1684 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_____________________|
| |
| |_____________________
|
|
|--Andrew HARRISON Jr
| (1666 - 1753)
| _____________________
| |
| _____________________|
| | |
| | |_____________________
| |
|_Elinor LONG ELLIOTT _|
m 1684 |
| _____________________
| |
|_____________________|
|
|_____________________
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[46][47]
1729
In 1729, Andrew2 Harrison became an officer of Spotsylvania County militia, under Capt. William Johnson. [48]
December 31, 1775: The disastrous attack Quebec on December 31, 1775, the Continental Army gave up its hope that Canada would join the rebellion. [49]
December 31, 1774
While Dunmore had now been assured of Talgayeeta ending his war, it was clear he spoke for himself alone, not for the other Mingoes. Word had come that a large number of these confederated warriors had gathered and were war dancing some 40 miles to the north at Seekonk—also known as the Salt Lick Town—on the upper Scioto tributary called the Olentangy River. Dunmore had immediately sent a force of 240 men under Maj. William Crawford to cut them off, but he masked the intent of the mission from the tribal peace delegates at Camp Charlotte by announcing that they were going back to the mouth of the Hockhocking for supplies.251
Crawford’s mission, guided by Daniel Sullivan, who had once been a captive there but had escaped, was largely successful. Due to the presence of the detachment being discovered before dawn, the majority of the Mingoes made their escape in the darkness, but six were killed, several others wounded, plus 14 squaws and children taken prisoner.[50]
American Revolution 1775-1783
1775
Valentine was a private, stationed at Fort Fincastle, Augusta County, Virginia in1775.
Andw. Vance Heirs, Dunmore Co. VA Rent Rolls 1775.[51]
1775 Jews expelled to Warsaw.[52]
1775 The Origins of Prince Hall Lodge Grand Lodge of Massachusetts dates back to 1775 when a black man named Prince Hall, together with 14 other African Americans, was initated in Boston, Massachusetts. [53]
1775: Pope Pius VI issues a severe ‘Editto sopra gli ebrei’ (Edict concerning the Jews). Previously lifted restrictions are reimposed, Judaism is suppressed.[54]
1775: Committees of Safety began providing arms to American patriots.[55]
1775: John Wilkinson builds the first true boring machine, making bored rifle barrels possible.
[56]
[57]
1775: In the negotiations between the court of Great Britain and the German princes for the hire of mercenaries to serve against the rebels in America, it is clear that both sides were eager to come to terms. England wanted the men, the princes wanted the money, and while the latter were anxious to receive as large subsidies as possible, the chief care of Lord North's cabinet was to obtain the greatest number of soldiers with the least possible delay. Friedrich Kapp, the German historian of these bargains, thinks that Colonel William Faucitt, the British commissioner and plenipotentiary in the whole matter, was extravagant in the terms he granted. This does not appear, however, to have been the opinion of the Earl of Suffolk, Lord North's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, who constantly expressed himself as well satisfied with his agent.[58]
The British cabinet had been disappointed in the hope, which it had entertained in the summer and early autumn of 1775, of obtaining twenty thousand men from Russia. Its negotiations for the use of a so-called Scotch regiment, actually in the service of Holland, were destined to fail. Five battalions of the Hanoverian subjects of George III were despatched to Gibraltar and Minorca, setting the Englishmen who had been in garrison in those fortresses free for other service. No further source of supply was left but the small independent principalities of Germany.[59]
The Germanic States in 1775
History of the Germanic States
"The map of Germany in the 1600 -1700's presents the most extraordinary patchwork. Across the northern part of the country, from its eastern to its western side, but not in an unbroken line, stretch the territories of the King of Prussia. The Austrian hereditary dominions, in a comparatively compact mass, occupy the southeastern corner. Beyond the boundaries of these two great powers, all is confusion. Electorates, duchies, bishoprics, the dominions of margraves, landgraves, princes, and free cities are inextricably jumbled together. There were nearly three hundred sovereignties in Germany, besides over fourteen hundred estates of Imperial Knights, holding immediately of the empire, and having many rights of sovereignty. Some of these three hundred states were not larger than townships in New England, many of them not larger than American counties. Nor was each of them compact in itself, for one dominion was often composed of several detached parcels of territory. Yet every little princedom had to maintain its petty prince, with his court and his army. The princes were practically despotic. The remnants of what had once been constitutional assemblies still existed in many places, but they represented at best but a small part of the population"
The History of our Hessian families comes out of the history of these principalities.
"The cities and towns were governed by privileged classes. In the country some little freedom remained with the peasants of some neighborhoods as to the management of their village affairs, but in general the peasantry were not much better off than serfs, and subject to the tyranny of a horde of officials, who intermeddled in every important action of their lives. Trade was hampered by tolls and duties, for every little state had its own financial system. Commerce and manufactures were impeded by monopolies. In certain places sumptuary laws regulated the dress or the food of the people."
"Before the last quarter of the 17th century some improvement had taken place in the political condition of Germany. Frederick the Great of Prussia and Joseph II of Austria were, in their different ways, enlightened princes, and their example had stimulated many of the better sovereigns to exert themselves in some measure for the good of their people. The influence of the Liberal movement in France was also felt. But the idea of political freedom had hardly taken shape in the most cultivated of German minds. The good or evil disposition of the prince was no more under the control of the ordinary subject than the state of the weather. The doctrine of passive obedience was in fashion, though not entirely uncontested. If, as one writer on politics explained, it was the duty of the subject to submit in case his prince should take his life in mere wantonness, it was to be hoped that another writer was equally correct in saying that "in princely houses all virtues are hereditary." (Biedermann, vol. i. pp. 161, 163, n.) "[60][61]
1775
1775 court of west augusta
[62]
1775–1783 – The American Revolution. In the early years, the Cherokee in all sections (the Out, Middle, and Valley Towns in North Carolina, the Lower Towns in South Carolina and Georgia, and the Overhill Towns in Tennessee) support the British against their colonies in the Second Cherokee War.[63]
December 31, 1781
Congress establishes the Bank of North America, with a capitalization of $400,000.[64]
1782
Among the number of residents of Fayette County who registered slaves under the requirement of the law of 1780.[65]
Isaac Meason, 8; John Stevenson, 5; Each of the following name 3 slaves each. Margaret Vance, William Harrison, Dennis Springer, Thomas Moore, Robert Harrison, Richard Stevenson.
1782
George Cutlip is on this list with 4 horses and 8 cows. No extra tithables.[66]
1782
I am sure, but I need to double check, that George Cutlip is on the 1782 Augusta County taxlist. This same George Cutlip was on the Pendleton County taxlists when that county was formed from Augusta in 1787, then in Bath in 1791 when that county is formed. This George Cutlip disappeared from the taxlists in 1795. These taxlists indicate and would definitely mean there are two George Cutlips, more than likely a Jr. and a Sr., in Virginia in 1782 - Greenbrier County and Augusta County. [67]
1782
Quite different was the style in which the liberals of Europe spoke of the war and of the mercenaries. The principles which were to bring about the French Revolution were at work, and some of the actors of that great drama were already stepping upon the stage. Mirabeau, then a fugitive in Holland, published a pamphlet addressed "To the Hessians and other nations of Germany, sold by their Princes to England." It is an eloquent protest against the rapacity of the princes, a splendid tribute to the patriotism of the Americans. The genius of Mirabeau could look far enough into the future to recognize in the North American continent an asylum for the oppressed of all nations. His blow at the Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel struck home. Not only did the latter attempt to buy up the edition of the pamphlet, but he caused an answer to be published, which only had the effect of calling forth a rejoinder, in which the future tribune maintains that an offense against the freedom of nations is the greatest of crimes. In the same spirit wrote Abbe Raynal and others, some of them better known in Europe, at that time, than Mirabeau, and against them a paper warfare was kept up in the Dutch journals, then the most influential, because the freest, on the Continent. In the public library at Cassel is an interesting little pamphlet published in 1782 in French, and also in German. This pamphlet is attributed by Kapp to Schlieffen, the Minister of Landgrave Frederick II; but I do not know on what authority. The writer pointed out such novel facts as that men had in all ages slaughtered each other, that the Swiss had long been in the habit of fighting as mercenaries, that the ten thousand Greeks under Xenophon did the same, and he considered it unjust to blame his contemporaries for what seemed to be a natural instinct of mankind. He noticed that the present letting-out of troops by Hesse was perhaps the tenth occasion of the sort since the beginning of the century. He showed the benefits which the Landgrave had bestowed on his country, and the affection in which he was held by his people. He drew attention - and this was, perhaps, his best argument - to the fact that the Landgrave of Hesse and the Duke of Brunswick were so nearly connected with the English royal family that their descendants might be one day called to the throne of Great Britain (This argument was not mentioned in the British Parliament, where it might, perhaps, have been received with derision.) As for the boasted Liberty of the Americans, she was but a deceitful siren, for all history proved that republican governments were as tyrannical and cruel as monarchies. [68]
1782 - Benjamin Harrison was Lieutenant Colonel of the 4th Battalion of the Militia of Westmoreland County, Penn.; number of men., 123. [69]
1782: Fort Cumberland was located where Wills Creek joins the Potomac River, at the present-day location of Cumberland, Maryland. That general area was called ―Wills Creek‖ in many colonial documents, evidently because the mouth of Wills Creek was an arrival and departure point. Up to the mouth of Wills Creek, the Potomac River was useable for water transportation. For example, in 1782 Thomas Jefferson wrote ―…Fort Cumberland, the head of the navigation on the Patowmac…‖.[70]
The Narrows, [71]and the valleys of Braddocks Run, Wills Creek, and Jennings Run provided natural passages to the west. Because of these simple geographical influences, the present-day Cumberland area became an important gateway to the west.[72]
1782-1787: Dr. Moses Hoge, a Presbyterian minister, may have been the first teacher in Hardy County. He taught school in Moorefield from 1782 to 1787.[73]
1782 – A group of Cherokee under Kunagadoga, or Standing Turkey, receives permission to emigrate west of the Mississippi from the governor of Spanish Louisiana, into what is later Southeast Missouri. • Dragging Canoe leads his people further westward and southwestward into what becomes known as the Five Lower Towns area, eventually penetrating Northeast Alabama as more Cherokee refugees migrate to the area.[74]
1782: Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II abolishes most of persecution practices in ‘Toleranzpatent’ on condition that Yiddish and Hebrew are eliminated from public records and judicial autonomy is annulled. Judaism is branded “quintessence of foolishness and nonsense”. Moses Mendelssohn writes: “Such a tolerance… is even more dangerous play in tolerance than open persecution”.
December 31, 1793: Thomas Jefferson
Portrait of Thomas Jefferson by Rembrandt Peale.
3rd President of the United States
In office
March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1809
Vice President
Aaron Burr
George Clinton
Preceded by
John Adams
Succeeded by
James Madison
2nd Vice President of the United States
In office
March 4, 1797 – March 4, 1801
President
John Adams
Preceded by
John Adams
Succeeded by
Aaron Burr
1st United States Secretary of State
In office
March 22, 1790 – December 31, 1793
President
George Washington
Preceded by
John Jay (Acting)
Succeeded by
Edmund Randolph
[75]
December 31, 1824: The Kentucky house passed a resolution requesting its congressmen to vote for Jackson in the presidential contest. [76]
1825
In those days books were rare and Abraham Lincoln’s library was small and select. It consisted at first of three volumes: The Bible, Aesop’s Fables and Pilgrim’s Progress. Some-time in the eighties a prominent magazine published a series of articles written by men of eminence in the various walks of life, under the title of “Books that have helped me." The most noticeable fact was that each of these eminent men–men who had read hundreds of books–specified not more than three or four books. Lincoln’s first list was of three. They were emphatically books. Day after day he read, pondered and inwardly digested them until they were his own. Better books he could not have found in all the universities of Europe, and we begin to understand where he got his moral vision, his precision of English style, and his shrewd humor.
Later he borrowed from a neighbor, Josiah Crawford, a copy of Weems’Life of Washington. In lieu of a bookcase he tucked this, one night, into the chinking of the cabin. A rain-storm came up and soaked the book through and through. By morning it presented a sorry appearance. The damage was done and could not be repaired. Crestfallen the lad carried it back to the owner and, having no money, offered to pay for the mischief in work. Crawford agreed and named seventy-five cents (in labor) as a fair sum.
“Does this pay for the book,” the borrower asked, “or only for the damage to the book?” Crawford reckoned that the book “wa’n’t of much account to him nor to any one else.” So Lincoln cheerfully did the work–it was for three days–and owned the book.[77]
1825: In 1825 Abraham Lincoln borrowed a book titled Life of Washington[78] by Parson Mason Weems. [79]However, the book got soaked with rain. Unfortunately Abe left the book inside the cabin near where there was a chink in the logs and an all-night rain had soaked the book. He worked off its worth for his neighbor from whom he had borrowed it (Josiah Crawford). This was the very first book Abraham ever personally owned.[80]
Description: The Indiana Panel
NPS Photo
INDIANA PANEL: 1816-1830.
The Boyhood Days of Lincoln.
This panel depicts Lincoln as a youth, but fully grown and capable of doing a man's job. At the extreme left is James Gentry, wealthy farmer and merchant.
Abe was a frequent visitor in his home. Next to him is Josiah Crawford. Lincoln worked for him three days to pay for a book he borrowed which was damaged by rain. Behind Abe, "The Railsplitter," holding a hewn log are Aaron Grigsby, husband of Lincoln's sister, and Dennis Hanks, his mother's cousin. To the right is James Gentry's son Allen who was Lincoln's companion on a trip down the Mississippi River to New Orleans. Beside him is Thomas Lincoln's second wife, Sarah Bush Lincoln.[81]
1825: The Erie Canal was proposed in 1808 and completed in 1825. The Canal links the waters of Lake Erie in the west to the Hudson River in the east. [82] A ship could now travel all the way from the great lakes to the Atlantic Ocean. In the days before railroad this was big business. [83]
1825: Russian Poet and author, Abraham Baer Gottlober, when at the age of fourteen (born January 14, 1811) he married the daughter of a wealthy “Hasid” in Chernigov, and settled there. When his inclination for secular knowledge became known, his father ion law, on the advice of a Hasidic rabbi, caused the young couple to be divorced, and Gottlober, who had joined the Hasidim after his marriage, now became their bitter enemy. [84]
1825 ca. - Percussion-cap guns are in general use.[85]
February 9, 1825: As no presidential candidate received a majority of electoral votes in the election of 1824, the U.S. House of Representatives votes to elect John Quincy Adams, who won fewer votes than Andrew Jackson in the popular election, as president of the United States. Adams was the son of John Adams, the second president of the United States.
In the 1824 election, 131 electoral votes, just over half of the 261 total, were necessary to elect a candidate president. Although it had no bearing on the outcome of the election, popular votes were counted for the first time in this election. On December 1, 1824, the results were announced. Andrew Jackson of Tennessee won 99 electoral and 153,544 popular votes; John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts received 84 electoral and 108,740 popular votes; Secretary of State William H. Crawford, who had suffered a stroke before the election, received 41 electoral votes; and Representative Henry Clay of Kentucky won 37 electoral votes.
As dictated by the U.S. Constitution, the presidential election was then turned over to the House of Representatives. The 12th Amendment states that if no electoral majority is won, only the three candidates who receive the most popular votes will be considered in the House.
Representative Henry Clay, who was disqualified from the House vote as a fourth-place candidate, agreed to use his influence to have John Quincy Adams elected. Clay and Adams were both members of a loose coalition in Congress that by 1828 became known as the National Republicans, while Jackson's supporters were later organized into the Democratic Party.
Thanks to Clay's backing, on February 9, 1825, the House elected Adams as president of the United States. When Adams then appointed Clay to the top Cabinet post of secretary of state, Jackson and his supporters derided the appointment as the fulfillment of a corrupt bargain.
With little popular support, Adams' time in the White House was for the most part ineffectual, and the so-called Corrupt Bargain continued to haunt his administration. In 1828, he was defeated in his reelection bid by Andrew Jackson, who received more than twice as many electoral votes than Adams.[86]
1825 – Census figures for the Cherokee Nation East, were 13,563 Cherokee, 1277 slaves, and 220 intermarried whites.[87]
December 31, 1862: President Abraham Lincoln signed an act admitting West Virginia to the Union.[88]
1863: How much money did the Civil War cost the U.S. government each day? According to a report released by the U.S. Congress in 1863, the financial cost of fighting the war was $2.5 million a day.[89]
December 31, 1864
Have fortified the position and built cabins for winter quarters. Health of the regiment excellent, supply of clothing moderate, ordnance and ordnance stores of good quality and in excellent condition. Arms, Springfield muskets, been in use five months. Distance marched, since last muster, 100 miles.[90]
At 4 o’clock p.m. after writing the above remarks, the regiment was ordered to Winchester, Virginia[91] and have just been mustered near that place in the midst of a snowstorm. [92]
December 31, 1867: Sarah was born in Pennsylvania in 1813 and died in Washington County, Iowa, on 31 December (December 31) 1867, age 54 years 7 months 8 days. Sarah may have been a widow when she married John (Godlove)[93]
December 31, 1903: We found a total of 1,015 deportees in Convoy 19. The men were in a slight majority. The largest age grouop for the men is between 43 and 64; for the women, between 39 and 64. There were more than 100 children under. 16.
Adolph Gottlieb born December 2, 1919 from Austria and Sidonie Gottlieb, born December 31, 1903 also of Austria were on board Convoy 19.[94]
The list is almost impossible to decipher. All the family names are blurred. They are followed bgy first name, date and place of birth, profession and nationality. The listing is not alphabetical, and is composed of five sublists, four from camps in the unoccupied zone and one from Drancy.
1. Les Milles, 236 ).
2. Recebedou, 63 names.
3. Noe, 56 names.
4. Rivesaltes, 395 names. The places of birth are not indicated. There were no children. From this camp there were (among a few others) 279 Germans, 76 Poles, and 24 Austrians. They came from the convoy which had left Rivesalotes on August 11 for Drancy, carrying 400 internees: 163 women, 229 men, and 8 children.
5. Drancy, 238 names. Many were families from Paris.
Among the 991 persons listed according to nationality were 571 Germans; 219 POoles; 83 Austrians; 71 French; 11 Russians; 6 Czechs; and 29 undetermined.
On August 14, SS Heinrichsohn composed the usual telex to Eichmann in Berlin, the Inspector of Concentration Camps at Oranienburg, and the Commandant of Auschwitz. He informed the addressees that on that day, at 8:55 AM, train #901/14 left with 1,000 Jews from the station at Drancy for Auschwitz, under the supervision of Feldwebel Kropp. A very important detail is indicated: Heinrichsohn states that “…for the first time, there are children (under 12)…”, (“darunter erstmalig kinder”).
Documents related to this convoy are XXVb-120 (of August 7), and XXVb-121 (of August 10.
Upon their arrival in Auschwitz, 115 men were selected for work (there were exactly 115 men between ages 18 and 42. All the others—at least 875 people, were immediately gassed. Neither woman nor child entered the camp. The 115 received numbers 59229 through 59343.
To the best of our knowledge, there was only one survivor from this convoy in 1945, Nathan Seroka.[95]
December 31, 1935: Jews are dismissed from the civil service in Germany.[96]\
August 1855 - 1936
John Goodlove
•
Birth
August 1855
Iowa, USA
Death:
1936
Iowa, USA
http://www.findagrave.com/icons2/trans.gif
Burial:
Ainsworth Cemetery
Ainsworth
Washington County
Iowa, USA
Created by: GAS
Record added: Oct 13, 2011
Find A Grave Memorial# 78306033
John Goodlove
Cemetery Photo
Added by: Paul Mack
[97]
1936: U.S Population is at 127 million.[98]
1936: Hoover Dam completed creating Lake Mead, the world’s largest reservoir.[99]
1936: Arab Revolt led or coopted by the Al-Husseini family and Fawzi al-Kaukji and apparently financed by Axis powers. Over 5,000 Arabs were killed according to some sources; most were killed by other Arabs and by British. Eleven Arab clans were wiped out by Hajj Amin El Husseini and his men. Several hundred Jews were killed by Arabs. Husseini fled to Iraq and then to Nazi Germany.[100]
Chinese Famine of 1936 The Worst Droughts and Famines in History Politics & History picture
Hitting China over a few months in 1936, the Asian country lost an estimated five million people during the Chinese Famine of 1936. This incident was one of several to affect China during the first part of the 20th century.[101]
From 1936-1939, there was an Arab uprising in which 10,000 people were killed. The British showed leniency in the beginning, which resulted in a disaster, 1,000 British were killed, 500 Jews, and 8,500 Arabs (most of the Arabs were killed by other Arabs vying for control).IN the end, the British had to use the iron fist policy to stop the uprising. This event put greater fear into the British, who put further limits on Jewish immigration.[102]
OBITUARY: GODLOVE, Laura Bell, Medford, Jackson County, Oregon
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Corethers
December 31, 1942: Himmler orders that the extermination of the Jews of the General-gouvernment be completed by the end of the year. [1][103] Himmler sent a directive to SS Lieutenant-General Wilhelm Kruger, head of the German police forces in the General Government. The directive ordered "the resettlement of the entire Jewish population of the General Government be carried out and completed by December 31.The General Government was the term for the Nazi administration in occupied Poland. The order was issued "in the name of the New Order, security and cleanliness of the German Reich."
Deportations to the Auschwitz death camp begin for Parisian Jews who have been held at Drancy, France, since July 16. [2][104]
December 31, 1953: Harrison was a both an outdoorsman and a scholarly patron of the arts. He loved hunting and fishing, and throughout his life went on numerous expeditions into the wilderness in search of big game or the perfect trout stream, including hunting and fishing trips to the Sierra Nevada Mountains, India, Indochina, and Africa. In 1940, when he was eighty years old, Harrison and his long-time friend Oscar Mayer (the Chicago meat-packer), each bagged a 150 pound buck on their annual hunting trip to northern Michigan. Harrison also had somewhat of a reputation as a trencherman, and favored a "Kentucky Nightcap" of bourbon before retiring for the day. At the same time, however, Harrison was an avid art collector and regular at the Chicago symphony and opera. Before his death, he donated his substantial art collection to the Art Institute of Chicago, including works by Paul Gauguin, Childe Hassam, Mary Cassatt, Claude Monet, and Toulouse-Lautrec. In recognition of his support, the Art Institute ultimately named Harrison a Benefactor and Governing Life-Member of the museum. According to his daughter, Harrison's "light-reading" usually consisted of poetry or the ancient Greek classics, and he read a chapter of the Bible each night throughout his life in fulfillment of a boyhood promise to his mother.
Harrison died on Christmas Day, 1953, at the age of ninety-three. On New Year's Eve of that same year (December 31, 1953), the Chicago City Council passed a resolution recognizing his accomplishments as mayor, Collector of Internal Revenue, world traveller, and patron of the arts. The resolution stated, in part, that "from such men as Carter H. Harrison, men of integrity, vision, high civic ideals and unswerving zeal, we shall take example." Harrison led a life full of accomplishments and achievements, and appeared to have no regrets. The only disappointment that seemed to stick with him was the failure of his son, Carter H. Harrison V, to have a son that could carry on the family name. Much to Harrison's chagrin, it was his daughter, Edith Harrison Manierre, who bore him two grandsons, while his son gave him four granddaughters. [105]
December 31, 1962 Khrushchev writes to JFK tonight: “The year 1962 now passing
into history witnessed events whose fatal development was possible to avert, thanks to the fact that both
sides showed a sensible approach and reached a compromise.”
Also, as 1962 draws to a close, JFK’s drive against the Mafia (led by his brother RFK) has
convicted 101 people. Hundreds more are on trial. He is making good on his 10/10/62 threat to
destroy the organization.
David Ferrie makes a call to G. Wray Gill’s office today from Ft. Worth, Texas[106]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[2] www.wikipedia.org
[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timetable_of_major_worldwide_volcanic_eruptions
[4] http://www.twoop.com/medicine/archives/2005/10/bubonic_plague.html
[5] ^ William Rosen (8 May 2007). Justinian's flea: plague, empire, and the birth of Europe. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-670-03855-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=2oA2Lbiv4xAC. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
[6] http://listverse.com/2009/01/18/top-10-worst-plagues-in-history/
[7] The Dark Ages, HISTI, 3/4/2007
[8] The Dark Ages, History International, 3-4-2007
[9] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[10] mike@abcomputers.com
[11] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[12] mike@abcomputers.com
[13] The Reformation, The Adventure of English. 12/10/2003, HISTI
[14] The Reformation, The Adventure of English. 12/10/2003, HISTI
[15] The Gutleben Family of Physicians in Medieval Times, by Gerd Mentgen, page 4.
[16] Die mittelalterliche Arzte-Familie,, Gutleben” page 93.
[17] mike@abcomputers.com
[18] The Gutleben Family of Physicians in Medieval Times, by Gerd Mentgen, page 3.
[19] mike@abcomputers.com
[20] The Gutleben Family of Physicians in Medieval Times, by Gerd Mentgen, page 6.
[21] mike@abcomputers.com
[22] Wikipedia
[23] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[24] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm
[25] mike@abcomputers.com
[26] http://www.talonsite.com/tlineframe.htm
[27] mike@abcomputers.com
[28] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[28] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[29] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm
[30] http://www.ukattraction.com/western-isles/castle-moil.htm
[31] M E M O I R S OF C LAN F I N G O N BY REV. DONALD D. MACKINNON, M.A. Circa 1888
[32] Torrence, page 477.
[33] M E M O I R S OF C LAN F I N G O N BY REV. DONALD D. MACKINNON, M.A. Circa 1888
[34] M E M O I R S OF C LAN F I N G O N BY REV. DONALD D. MACKINNON, M.A. Circa 1888
[35] http://www.ealaghol.co.uk/pictures/castlemoil/
[36] http://www.serenery.com/430CastleMoil.html
[37] Timetables of American History, Laurence Urdang.
[38] Timetables of American History, Laurence Urdang.
[39] America before Columbus, NTGEO, 11/22/2009
[40] Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People, page 181
[41] Dogs of God, Columbus, the Inquisition, and the Defeat of the Moors, by James Reston, Jr., pg. 293.
[42] Timetables of American History, Laurence Urdang.
[43] Timetables of American History, Laurence Urdang.
[44] mike@abcomputers.com
[45] County Records Spottsylvania County 1721-1800 vol 1) pp 2 3 Will Book A, 172248, p. 104. Torrence and Allied Families, Robert M. Torrence, pg 316.
[46] Sources
[S24]
[S166]
[S9]
[S24]
[S168]
[S438]
[S460]
[S9]
[S461]
[S155]
[S1416]
[S24]
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INDEX Back to the Harrison Repository Home Page
© 1995-2001. Becky Bonner and Josephine Lindsay Bass. All rights reserved.
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HTML created by GED2HTML v3.6-WIN95 (Jan 18 2000) on 10/20/01 12:48:53 PM Central Standard Time.
[47] http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~harrisonrep/Harrison/d0096/g0000014.html#I1020
[48] [James Edward Harrison, A comment of the family of ANDREW HARRISON who died in ESSEX COUNTY, VIRGINIA in 1718 (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: privately printed, no date), 52.] Chronological Listing of Events In the Lives of Andrew Harrison, Sr. of Essex County, Virginia, Andrew Harrison, Jr. of Essex and Orange Counties, Virginia, Lawrence Harrison, Sr. of Virginia and Pennsylvania Compiled from Secondary Sources Covering the time period of 1640 through 1772 by Daniel Robert Harrison, Milford, Ohio, November, 1998.
[49] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/lord-dunmore-dispatches-note-of-inexpressible-mortification
[50] That Dark and Bloody River, Allan W. Eckert
[51] AIS Census Report, 1809 Virginia Census, page 528.
[52] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm
[53] The Journal of the Masonic Society, Autumn 2010, Issue 10 page 30.
[54] www.wikipedia.org
[55] http://www.talonsite.com/tlineframe.htm
[56] http://www.talonsite.com/tlineframe.htm
[57] The American Pageant, Bailey, Kennedy, Cohen
[58] http://www.americanrevolution.org/hessians/hess2.html
[59] http://www.americanrevolution.org/hessians/hess2.html
[60] COPIED VERBATIM FROM
http://www.americanrevolution.org/hessindex.html
[61] http://freepages.military.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/germany.htm
[62] http://www.mdlpp.org/pdf/library/1905AccountofVirginiaBoundaryContraversy.pdf
[63] Timetable of Cherokee Removal.
[64] ON This Day in America by John Wagman.
[65] History of Fayette County, Pennsylvania by Franklin Ellis, 1882.
[66] http://www.ls.net/~newriver/va/grnb1782.htm (1782 Greenbrier Co., Va. taxlist)
http://listsearches.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/ifetch2?/u1/textindices/C/CUTLIP+1998+1837576+F
William Cutlip
> WC711@IBM.NET
[67] EHB http://listsearches.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/ifetch2?/u1/textindices/C/CUTLIP+1998+1837576+F
[68] The Hessians by Edward Lowell
[69] (Pennsylvania Archives, 2nd Series, v. 14, p. 695)
[70] In Search of Turkey Foot Road, page 6.
[71] This December 10, 2006 aerial photo was taken looking northeast at the Cumberland Narrows. The Narrows provides a natural passage to the west from the Cumberland area. The mountain ridge runs north-northeast into Pennsylvania, and south-southwest to Cresaptown. The Narrows is defined by the south end of Wills Mountain and the north end of Haystack Mountain. (Photo by Geologist James L. Stuby, who donated it to the public domain.)
[72] In Search of Turkey Foot Road, page 6.
[73] http://www.polsci.wvu.edu/wv/Hardy/harhistory.html
[74] Timetable of Cherokee removal.
[75] Wikipedia
[76] The Papers of Andrew Jackson, Volume V, 1821-1824
[77] http://www.authorama.com/life-of-abraham-lincoln-5.html
[78] The Life and Memorable Actions of George Washington (1800). Published anonymously in its first edition the year following Washington's death, this immensely popular biography would undergo continual expansions and revisions during the author's lifetime, with a twenty-ninth edition published the year of Weems's death. Not a model of strict factual biography, the work originates many of the Washington myths, including the cherry-tree story, which first appears in the fifth edition (1806). Weems also publishes Hymen's Recruiting Sergeant, the first of his popular moralistic pamphlets, to be followed by God's Revenge Against Murder (1807), The Devil in Petticoats (1810), God's Revenge Against Gambling (1815), and God's Revenge Against Dueling (1820).
Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/parson-weems#ixzz1k7aS5Cx3
[79] Parson Weems
Portrait of Parson Weems
Mason Locke Weems (October 11, 1759 – May 23, 1825), generally known as Parson Weems, was an American book agent and author. He is best known as the source of some of the apocryphal stories about George Washington. The famous tale of the cherry tree ("I cannot tell a lie, I did it with my little hatchet") is included in The Life of Washington (1800), Weems' most famous work. This nineteenth-century bestseller depicted Washington's virtues and provided an entertaining and morally instructive tale for the youth of the young nation.[1]
Weems was born on 11 October 1759 in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. He studied theology in London and was ordained in the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1784. He worked as a minister in Maryland in various capacities from 1784 to 1792. Financial hardship forced Weems to seek additional employment, and he began working as a traveling book agent. Weems married Frances Ewell in 1795 and established a household in Dumfries, Virginia. He had a small bookstore in Dumfries that now houses the Weems–Botts Museum, but he continued to travel extensively, selling books and preaching.[2]
Dumfries is not far from Pohick Church, part of Truro Parish, in Lorton, Virginia, where both George Washington and his father Augustine had worshipped in pre-Revolutionary days. Weems would later inflate this Washington connection and promote himself as the former "rector of Mount-Vernon parish".
· Other notable works by Weems include Life of General Francis Marion (1805); Life of Benjamin Franklin, with Essays (1817); and Life of William Penn (1819). He was an accomplished violinist.
Influence and historical reliability
The New York Times has described Weems as one of the "early hagiographers" of American literature "who elevated the Swamp Fox, Francis Marion, into the American pantheon and helped secure a place there for George Washington".[3]
Weems' name would probably be forgotten today, had it not been for the tension between the liveliness of his narratives, contrasted with the "...charge of a want of veracity [that] is brought against all Weems's writings".[4] The cherry-tree anecdote illustrates this point. Another dubious anecdote found in the Weems biography is that of Washington's prayer during the winter at Valley Forge.[5][6]
The exaltation of Washington
The exalted esteem in which the founding fathers, and especially George Washington, were held by 19th century Americans seems quaintly exaggerated to their 21st century counterparts; but that Washington was so regarded is undisputed. The acme of this esteem is found on the ceiling of the United States Capitol Building in the form of Brumidi's fresco The Apotheosis of Washington.
Weems' A History of the Life and Death, Virtues and Exploits of General George Washington,[7] was a biography written in this spirit, amplified by the florid, rollicksome style which was Weems' trademark. According to this account, publicly his subject was "...Washington, the HERO,and the Demigod...;" furthermore, at a level above that "...what he really was, [was] 'the Jupiter Conservator,' the friend and benefactor of men." With this hyperbole, Weems elevated Washington to the Augustan level of the god "Jupiter Conservator [Orbis]" (that is, "Jupiter, Conservator of the Empire", later rendered "Jupiter, Savior of the World").
Weems also called Washington the "greatest man that ever lived". This degree of adulation, combined with the circumstance that his anecdotes cannot be independently verified demonstrates clearly that they are confabulations and parables. Similar mythology grew up about other Founding Fathers (e.g., Patrick Henry), usually well after the subjects of the mythology had died.
The cherry-tree anecdote
Arguably the most famous (or infamous) of the exaggerated or invented anecdotes is that of the cherry tree, attributed by Weems to "...an aged lady, who was a distant relative, and, when a girl, spent much of her time in the family...," who referred to young George as "cousin".[8]
“
The following anecdote is a case in point. It is too valuable to be lost, and too true to be doubted; for it was communicated to me by the same excellent lady to whom I am indebted for the last.
"When George," said she, "was about six years old, he was made the wealthy master of a hatchet! of which, like most little boys, he was immoderately fond, and was constantly going about chopping everything that came in his way. One day, in the garden, where he often amused himself hacking his mother's pea-sticks, he unluckily tried the edge of his hatchet on the body of a beautiful young English cherry-tree, which he barked so terribly, that I don't believe the tree ever got the better of it. The next morning the old gentleman, finding out what had befallen his tree, which, by the by, was a great favourite, came into the house; and with much warmth asked for the mischievous author, declaring at the same time, that he would not have taken five guineas for his tree. Nobody could tell him anything about it. Presently George and his hatchet made their appearance. "George," said his father, "do you know who killed that beautiful little cherry tree yonder in the garden? " This was a tough question; and George staggered under it for a moment; but quickly recovered himself: and looking at his father, with the sweet face of youth brightened with the inexpressible charm of all-conquering truth, he bravely cried out, "I can't tell a lie, Pa; you know I can't tell a lie. I did cut it with my hatchet." "Run to my arms, you dearest boy," cried his father in transports, "run to my arms; glad am I, George, that you killed my tree; for you have paid me for it a thousand fold. Such an act of heroism in my son is more worth than a thousand trees, though blossomed with silver, and their fruits of purest gold."
”
Death
Weems died on May 23, 1825 in Beaufort, South Carolina of unspecified causes. He is buried somewhere on the grounds of Bel Air Plantation[9] near the extinct town of Minnieville in present day Dale City, Prince William County, Virginia. The precise location of his grave and the accompanying cemetery were lost in the mid 20th Century.
In 1911, Lawrence C. Wroth authored Parson Weems; a biographical and critical study; it was his first book.[10]
[80] http://rogerjnorton.com/Lincoln92.html
[81] http://www.nps.gov/libo/historyculture/the-sculptured-panels.htm
[82] Eriecanal.org
[83] How the states got their shape, HIST, 4/16/2010.
[84] Jewish Encyclopedia.com by Herman Rosenthal and Peter Wiernik .
[85] http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/technique/gun-timeline/
[86] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/presidential-election-decided-in-the-house
[87] Timetable of Cherokee Removal.
[88] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[89] The Civil War 2010 Calendar.
[90] (Supplement to the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Part II Record of Events Volume 20 Serial no. 32. Broadfoot Publishing Company Wilmington, NC 1995.)
[91] Below will be found a list of the officers and men in Company I, Eighteenth Virginia Cavalry, in the confederate service. Nearly all the men were from Hampshire county: …Joseph Godlove, second sergeant: Levy Crawford, third sergeant: …David Godlove, Isaac Godlove, John A. Godlove, Abraham Didawic, John Didawic, Benjamin Didawic, George Swisher, Benjamin Swisher, Simon Swisher, … Noah Funkhouser, James H. Funkhouser, … Jacob Orndorff
History of Hampshire County West Virginia, From its Earliest Settlement to the Present by Hu Maxwell and H. L. Swisher 1897
[92] (Supplement to the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Part II Record of Events Volume 20 Serial no. 32. Broadfoot Publishing Company Wilmington, NC 1995.)
[93] Jim Funkhouser
[94] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld. Page 156.
[95] Memorial to the Jews Deported From France 1942-1944, by Serge Klarsfeld, page 156.
[96] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page1760.
[97] http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Goodlove&GSbyrel=in&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=78306033&
[98] Nature Center, Crabtree Forest Preserve, Barrington, IL March 11, 2012
[99] Nature Center, Crabtree Forest Preserve, Barrington, IL March 11, 2012
[100] http://www.zionism-israel.com/his/Israel_and_Jews_before_the_state_timeline.htm
[101] http://www.timelinesdb.com/listevents.php?subjid=521&title=Drought
[102] 365 Fascinating Facts about the Holy Land by Clarence H. Wagner Jr.
[103] [1] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1772.
[104] [2] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[105] http://mms.newberry.org/html/harrison.html
[106] http://www.assassinationresearch.com/v2n1/chrono1.pdf
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