11,945 names…11,945 stories…11,945 memories…
This Day in Goodlove History, December 27, 2014
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Jeffery Lee Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), Jefferson, LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, and including ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Adams, John Quincy Adams and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Martin Van Buren, Theodore Roosevelt, U.S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison “The Signer”, Benjamin Harrison, Jimmy Carter, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, William Taft, John Tyler (10th President), James Polk (11th President)Zachary Taylor, and Abraham Lincoln.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! https://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004
December 27, 175 BCE (Tevet 3585): This day marked the completion of the Septuagint translation of the Bible into the Greek language. According to a letter from Aristeas to Philocrates, 72 sages, (six from each Israelite tribe) were brought to by Ptolemy II Alexandria to translate the Bible into Greek. Based on the legend, each sage was isolated and wrote a separate translation, but when all 72 were compared, they were all identical. The text of the Septuagint and the Tanach are not the same. Some viewed this translation as a positive event because it showed an interest of Greek intellectuals in Jewish thought and philosophy. Others contend that this translation was necessary because the Jews of Alexandria had such limited knowledge of Hebrew that they could no longer read the text in the original.[1]
172-162 BC: Menelaus, High Priest of Israel, 172-162 BC.[2]
Onias IV, son of Onias III, fled to Egypt and built a Jewish Temple at Leontopolis (closed in 66 CE). [3]
171 BCE: The Hellenized Jewish intelligentsia embraced, and many excused, his campaign as the price to pay for modernizing an outdated religion. This process accelerated after Antiochus’s ally, Menelaus, took over as the Jewish high priest in 171 BCE. [4]
He raised taxes and, in a fateful move, replaced Mosaic Law with secular statutes. Believing they had wide public support, Antiochus and Menelaus converted the Jewish Temple into an ecumenical place of worship for all the local citizens, which meant adding a statue of the Olympian Zeus.[5]
170 B.C. The Seleucid king, Antiochus Epiphanes IV, king of Syria, plundered Jerusalem and forced the Jews to stop worshiping the God of Israel, and to worship the pagan gods of the Greeks. During this time, many Jews followed Greek customs and became Hellenized.
When Antiochus Epiphanes IV esecrated the temple by sacrificing a pig on the altar of Gad and forced the Jewish people in the towns and villages to do the same, this was too much for some religious Jews.[6]
168 BCE: In 168 cultural discontent flared into open rebellion in 168 B.C. when Antiochus IV Epiphanis, the Seleucid ruler of Syria, came to Jerusalem and flagrantly polluted the Temple.The old shrines began to be converted to the worship of new Hellenistic gods, and the population was threatened with adoption of new Greek observances.[7]
168 BCE: A priest named Mattathieas and his sons rose up in protest.[8]
December 27, 96 A.D.: John of Patmos
96 A.D.: The Book of Revelations was written by John the Revelator at a time of Imperial persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire around A.D. 96 toward the end of the reign of the Emperor Dominitian.[9]
Saint John of Patmos
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Alonso_Cano_001.jpg/250px-Alonso_Cano_001.jpg
John on Patmos, by Alonso Cano (c. 1640)
Seer, Theologian, Eagle of Patmos
Died
Patmos (?)
Honored in
Christianity (usually identified with John the Evangelist or John the Apostle or both)
Feast
December 27 - Roman Catholic (as John the Evangelist)
Attributes
Depicted sitting on the Isle of Patmos
Major work(s)
Book of Revelation
John of Patmos is the name given by some modern scholars to the author of the Book of Revelation, the apocalyptic text forming part of the New Testament. The text of Revelation states that the author is called John and that he lives on the Greek island of Patmos, where by some, he is considered to be in exile as a result of anti-Christian persecution under Roman emperor Domitian.[1][2] Traditionally, the John who is the author of Revelation is considered to be John the Apostle, author of all the Johanine works, that is the Gospel of John, the first, second, and third epistles of John, as well as Revelation. However, in the case of Revelation, many modern scholars agree that it was written by a separate, otherwise unknown, author, to whom they have given the name John of Patmos.[3][4]
In most Christian traditions, he is considered a saint and is also referred to as John the Divine, John the Revelator, John the Theologian, Eagle of Patmos[5] and John the Seer.
•
Book of Revelation
The author of the Book of Revelation identifies himself as "John"[6] Traditionally, this named author is believed to be the same person as both John the apostle of Jesus and John the author of the Fourth Gospel.[6] The early 2nd century writer, Justin Martyr, was the first to equate the author of Revelation with John the Apostle.[7] However, some biblical scholars now contend that these were separate individuals.[8][9]
John the Presbyter, an obscure figure in the early church, has also been identified with the seer of the Book of Revelation by such authors as Eusebius of Caesarea and Jerome.
Island of Patmos
John is considered to be exiled to Patmos, undergoing a time of persecution under the Roman rule of Domitian. Revelation 1:9 states: “I, John, both your brother and companion in tribulation... was on the island that is called Patmos for the word of God and for the testimony of Jesus Christ.” Adela Yarbro Collins, a biblical scholar at Yale Divinity School, writes:
"Early tradition says that John was banished to Patmos by the Roman authorities. This tradition is credible because banishment was a common punishment used during the Imperial period for a number of offenses. Among such offenses were the practices of magic and astrology. Prophecy was viewed by the Romans as belonging to the same category, whether Pagan, Jewish, or Christian. Prophecy with political implications, like that expressed by John in the book of Revelation, would have been perceived as a threat to Roman political power and order. Three of the islands in the Sporades were places where political offenders were banished." (Pliny Natural History 4.69-70; Tacitus Annals 4.30)[10]
Authorship of the Johannine works
A series of articles on
John in the Bible
Johannine literature
Gospel of John ·First Epistle of John ·Second Epistle of John ·Third Epistle of John ·Revelation ·Authorship
John the Apostle ·John the Evangelist ·John of Patmos ·John the Presbyter ·Disciple whom Jesus loved
Communities
Twelve Apostles ·The Early Church
Related literature
Apocryphon of John · Acts of John · Logos ·Signs Gospel
[10]
End of the first Century: By the end of the first century, the new Christian sect had ten thousand followers, far fewer than the number of Jews, and a tiny fraction of the estimated 60 million people in the vast Roman Empire. [11]
97 EMPEROR MARCUS COCCIEUS NERVA (96-98)
Abolished the Fiscus Judaicus tax ( see 70 CE.) and commended it in a coin. [12]
December 27, 1166: John Lackland, King of England
Born about December 27, 1166 at Oxford.
Crowned King of England on May 27, 1199 at Westminster Abbey.
Died on October 19, 1216 at Newark.
This is the notorious King John who, under considerable pressure, granted the Magna Charta and then attempted to welsh on the deal. King John is perhaps best remembered as the arch enemy of the legendary outlaw Robin Hood. John was known as "Lackland" because he originally had only a few separate land holdings; but he ended up ruling the huge Angevin Empire when he became king following the death of his brother King Richard. John eventually lost many of his French possessions.
John took a close interest in the details of governmental and legal business; but he was endlessly suspicious of his own barons and he forced many confrontations, not the least of which resulted in the barons forcing King John to sign the Magna Charta.
John had a big argument with Pope Innocent III over the appointment of Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury. John refused to accept Langton and the pope eventually retaliated by excommunicating John in 1209. At this point, John is said to have sent an embassy to Spain consisting of a priest known as Robert of London and two knights, Thomas de Erdington and Ralph Fitz Nicholas. The three men conferred with the Islamic Emir Al Mounenim also known as Mohammed Al Nassir and they were alleged to have proposed some sort of a deal whereby John would switch to the Islamic faith if the powerful Emir would support him as King of England. Of course, John likely intended to welsh on the deal and the Emir declined the offer anyway. [13]
December 27, 1504: Moscow witnessed the first inquisitional burning stakes in Russia. Ivan Kurizin, Dimitry Konopliov, Ivan Maksimov, and others were burned in wooden cages. Old Ivan III, his son Tzar Vasily, Metropolitan Simon, other bishops, and all the church council had accused them of Judaizing and sentenced them to death.
In the same winter, Ivan Rukavov, the Archimandrite of the Yr’evsky monastery, Kassian and his brother Ivan, Gridia Kvashnia, Dimitry Pustoselov, and other less-known “heretics” were burned because of their beliefs. These people were for the inauguration of Dimitry as the rightful tzar and were present at Vasily’s trial; but now they were condemned as criminals because of their beliefs. Even though the Novgorod-Moscow movement suffered heavy losses among the upper classes, it remained very popular in the lower classes. By 1511, Tzar Vasily was under pressure to increase the persecution of the “heretics,” lest they destroy the Orthodox Church in Russia. Thus, the Reformers were swept out of the Kremlin.[34] [14] [15]
December 27, 1571: Johannes Kepler
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Johannes_Kepler_1610.jpg/220px-Johannes_Kepler_1610.jpg
A 1610 portrait of Johannes Kepler by an unknown artist
Born
(1571-12-27)December 27, 1571
Free Imperial City of Weil der Stadt near Stuttgart, HRE (now part of the Stuttgart Region of Baden-Württemberg, Germany)
Died
November 15, 1630(1630-11-15) (aged 58)
Regensburg, Electorate of Bavaria, HRE (now Germany)
Residence
Germany
Nationality
German
Fields
Astronomy, astrology, mathematics and natural philosophy
Institutions
University of Linz
Alma mater
University of Tübingen
Known for
Kepler's laws of planetary motion
Kepler conjecture
Signature
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Unterschrift_Kepler.svg/128px-Unterschrift_Kepler.svg.png
Johannes Kepler (German: [ˈkʰɛplɐ]; December 27, 1571 – November 15, 1630) was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer. A key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution, he is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers, based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican Astronomy. These works also provided one of the foundations for Isaac Newton's theory of universal gravitation.
During his career, Kepler was a mathematics teacher at a seminary school in Graz, Austria, where he became an associate of Prince Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg. Later he became an assistant to astronomer Tycho Brahe, and eventually the imperial mathematician to Emperor Rudolf II and his two successors Matthias and Ferdinand II. He was also a mathematics teacher in Linz, Austria, and an adviser to General Wallenstein. Additionally, he did fundamental work in the field of optics, invented an improved version of the refracting telescope (the Keplerian Telescope), and mentioned the telescopic discoveries of his contemporary Galileo Galilei.
Kepler lived in an era when there was no clear distinction between astronomy and astrology, but there was a strong division between astronomy (a branch of mathematics within the liberal arts) and physics (a branch of natural philosophy). Kepler also incorporated religious arguments and reasoning into his work, motivated by the religious conviction and belief that God had created the world according to an intelligible plan that is accessible through the natural light of reason.[1] Kepler described his new astronomy as "celestial physics",[2] as "an excursion into Aristotle's Metaphysics",[3] and as "a supplement to Aristotle's On the Heavens",[4] transforming the ancient tradition of physical cosmology by treating astronomy as part of a universal mathematical physics.[5][16]
December 27, 1586: He is at length admitted to the queen's presence at Greenwich palace. At this audience he renews his protests, and concludes them by saying that the king his master had ordered him
to declare that he felt himself in a special manner insulted, by the manner in which the Queen of England had slighted his remonstrances and entreaties. Elizabeth, highly offended by this declaration, demanded that M. de Bellièvre should deliver her a copy of it, signed by himself. [17]
December 27, 1657: Three years after the first Jews arrived in New Amsterdam and dealt with the bigotry of Peter Stuyvesant, a group Englishman living in the Dutch colony submitted a petition to the Governor-General requesting the lifting of the ban on Quaker worship. Known as the Flushing Remonstrance, they were greeted with even greater hostility by Stuyvesant than he had shown to the Jews.[18]
December 27, 1663:
Christine Marie, Duchess of Savoy
February 12, 1606
December 27, 1663
Married Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy, in 1619.
[19]
December 27, 1744: John Crawford
·
Birth:
December 27, 1744
Virginia, USA
Death:
September 22, 1816
Description: http://www.findagrave.com/icons2/trans.gif
The Cemetery is on the land that his father Colonel William Crawford willed to him in 1792
son of William & Hannah (Vance)Crawford
John was a Lieutenant in the American Revolutionary War- after the war he sold his farm in Fayette County, PA and settled in Ohio.
husband of Frances Bradford
and 2nd wife Mary Margaret King
father of seven children
Family links:
Children:
Moses Crawford (1776 - 1808)*
Hannah Pamelia Crawford (1797 - 1826)*
*Calculated relationship
Note: age 66 yeas 1 month 3 days
Burial:
Crawford Farm Cemetery
Wrightsville
Adams County
Ohio, USA
Created by: OhioSearcher
Record added: Oct 15, 2011
Find A Grave Memorial# 78493831
[20]
The Old Crawford Cemetery
This Cemetery was located on the Stephenson farm, along the Ohio River, east of Manchester. A power company bought the land and moved the bodies and monuments to the cemetery in Manchester, OH. H. Marjorie Crawford saw the new markers and took pictures of them in the summer of 1979.
Gravestone Inscriptions as copied in old Crawford Cemetery by H, Margorie Crawford, September 4, 1949:
1. All on one big stone which has fallen over:
Jno. Crawford, died September 22, 1816. Aged 66 1/3 years.
Effy Crawford, died November 22, 1822
Hannah P. Crawford, died July 16, 1826
Moses Crawford, died 1808
Sarah Rowland, late Sarah Crawford, died----
Thomas, son of Sarah Rowland, died---
2. Near the first stone and still standing:
William Rowland, born December 25, 1775, died November 27, 1856.
3. Some distance from the first two markers:
Infant, February 15, 1865, February 28, 1865
Infant, February 14, 1862, February 20, 1862.
Sons of C. and M. Taylor.
4. On opposite sides of what had been a tall monument. The top fallen off, these inscriptions on the square base:
Geo. W. Crawford, born June 4, 1790, died September 20, 1871.
Winnie, wife of George W. Crawford, born March 4. 1801, died August 6, 1871.
Harriet, dau. of G. and Winnie Crawford, died August 26, 1860. Aged 26 years, 24 days.
Richard Crawford, son of G. and Winnie Crawford, b. November 28, 1833.
5. Mrs. Emahiser says that in 1958 she saw a marker:
Julian Crawford, 21 years, died 1851. [21]
December 27, 1744: John Crawford, William Crawford’s first son, was born December 27, 1744.[22] John was born in the northern part of the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, in the same year his father and mother were married, (January 5, 1744).[23]
December 27, 1744: JOHN25 CRAWFORD, b. December 27, 1744, Frederick County, Virginia; d. September 22, 1816, Adams County, Ohio.
iii. OPHELIA "EFFIE" CRAWFORD, b. September 02, 1747.
iv. SARAH "SALLY" CRAWFORD, b. Abt. 1749; d. November 10, 1838, Fayette County, Pennsylvania; m. (1) MAJOR WILLIAM HARRISON; m. (2) URIAH SPRINGER, JR.. [24]
Name: John Vance Crawford
· Surname: Crawford
· Given Name: John Vance
· Prefix: Lt.
· Sex: M
· Birth: December 27, 1744 in , Frederick Co., Virginia
· Death: September 22, 1820 in Monroe Twp., Adams Co., Ohio
· Burial: Kline Farm, Adams Co., Ohio
· _UID: 40FF4C06FF80DC41BBC364CDBE46AF0F9E79
· Note:
! (1) "A History of Adams Co., Ohio," by Nelson Evans & Emmons Stivers (E.B. Stivers, West Union, OH, 1900) p.667.
(2) "Thompson's Historical Collections of Adams Co., Ohio," by Carl N. Thompson (Adams Co. Historical Soc., 1982) Vol. II, p.145, 148. Cites: (a) "Crawford's Campaign against Sandusky," by C. W. Butterfield, p.90, 115, 117-188, 247, 249, 295-296. (b) Adams Co., OH, Vol. 17, p.200. (c) Will of William Crawdord, Westmoreland Co., PA. (d) 59th NS DAR, Hazel B. Williams, Wilmington, OH and Mrs. W.F. McCormick, Seaman, OH.
(3) "Billings-Gross," by Linda Hobbs (http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com, 08032008 databaase, 3 Aug 2008).
! Birth: (1) Brother of Col. William CRAWFORD. (2) s/o Col. William CRAWFORD of Trymochtee fame. (2,3) s/o William CRAWFORD/Hanna VANCE. (2) 1751. (3) December 27, 1744. Frederick Co., VA.
Marriage to Frances BRADFORD: (2) (3) 1764. VA.
Marriage to Effa GRIMES: (2) (1) November 30, 1797. (3) Abt. 1773. Westmoreland Co., VA.
Death: (2) September 22, 1866. [NOTE: Source 2 states he was age 66 1/2. If b. 1751, the death date would be ca. 1818. Date must be misprint.] (3) 1820. (3) Monroe Co., Adams Co., OH. (2) Age 66 1/2 years. [NOTE: If age is correct, he was b. Mar 1800, not 1751.]
Burial: (2) Kline Farm, 1 1/2 miles west of Brush Creek, 3/4 miles south of U.S. 52.
(2a) Lieutenant, Revolutionary Army.
(2a) 1782, May-Jun: Served in the Upper Sandusky Campaign in OH. He was reported killed in the retreat after the battle, but escaped the Indians and later made his way home.
(2a) 1782: Was living on the Youghiogheny River in what is now Fayette Co., PA, then a part of Westmoreland Co.
(2a) Emigrated to OH, settling on land bequeathed to him by his father at the mouth of Brush Creek in the Ohio River bottoms of Adams Co., OH.
(1) Had 4 sons and 2 daughters.
(2b) 1836, 3 Feb: William CRAWFORD heirs received Bounty lands for his service.
· Change Date: 26 Jul 2010 at 01:00:00
HintsAncestry Hints for John Vance Crawford
2 possible matches found on Ancestry.com
Ancestry.com
Father: William Crawford b: 1722 in , Westmoreland Co., Virginia
Mother: Hannah Vance b: April 11, 1723 (sb 1732 JG) in , Frederick Co., Virginia
Marriage 1Frances Bradford b: in , Fauquier Co., Virginia
•Married: 1764 in ,, Virginia
Children
1.Has No ChildrenWilliam Crawford
2.Has No ChildrenMoses Crawford
3.Has No ChildrenRichard Crawford
Marriage 2Effie (Effa) Grimes
•Married: November 30, 1797 in , Adams Co., Ohio
Children
1.Has No ChildrenSarah Crawford[25]
1745: " Let the Clan of gray Fingon, whose offspring has given Such heroes to earth and such martyrs to Heaven, Unite with the race of renowned Rorri More, To launch the long galley, and stretch to the oar."
Song–”Gathering of the Clans” (at Glenfinnan, A.D. 1745) [26]
1745
The MacKinnons supported in force Bonnie Prince Charlie during the 1745 rising and accompanied him throughout his campaigns. The bulk of the MacKinnon army was not at the Battle of Culloden and instead stationed near Inverness. They were among the last to remain at arms.[27] The MacKinnons have been throughout the majority of their history a small clan with a strong sense of honor, even to a fault as as evidenced with their conviction to the Jacobite cause in 1715 and 1745 after which they were dispossed of their lands. [28]
THE country (now parish) of Strath is known to have been the property of the MacKinnons as far back as five hundred and fifty years. when however, the clan took a prominent part in the turbulent Proceedings of 17I5 and 1745 (which will be elsewhere recorded in detail), the chief at the latter period was taken prisoner and confined in the Tower and Tilbury Fort for nearly twelve months, when, in consideration of his advancing years, he was set at liberty.[29]
1745: England was the best customer of the Landgrave. Through a large part of the eighteenth century she had Hessians in her pay. Some of them were with the army of the Duke of Cumberland during the Pretender's invasion in 1745; but it is stated that they refused to fight in that campaign for want of a cartel for the exchange of prisoners (Letter of Sir Joseph Yorke to the Earl of Suffolk, quoted in Kapp's Soldatenhandel," 1st ed. p. 229.)[30]
1745; Jews expelled from Moravia.[31]
1745
Lawrence Harrison was a witness to a suit in 1745.[32]
Between 1745 and 1753:
Other evidence of Virginia traders at Pickawillany
William Trent was on his way to Pickawillany to deliver a present from Virginia when he
learned of the French attack on Pickawillany. Jacob Piatt Dunn‘s 1919 book ―Indiana and Indianans‖ supports the fact that Virginians traded with Pickawillany, stating:
…between 1745 and 1753 there were more than fifty Pennsylvanian and Virginian licensed traders engaged in the trade with the Miami towns, among whom were such well known frontier characters as Conrad Weiser, George Croghan[33], Hugh Crawford, Michael Cresap[34], Christopher Gist, Jacob Pyatt, and William Campbell.[35]
Description: http://www.thelittlelist.net/connequenessingcreek.jpg
Description: http://www.thelittlelist.net/connequenessingpond.jpg
Connoquenessing Creek and pond formed by creek. PA 528 (Prospect Road), Butler County. Photos by compiler with Joyce Chandler. Enlarged creek and enlarged pond.
The Indian word connoquenessing has the meaning of “a long way straight.” When George Washington and Christopher Gist returned from their trip to Fort Le Boeuf in the winter of 1753-54 one of the creeks they crossed was this one. On December 27, 1753 at a spot on the east side of this creek an Indian took a shot at Washington—missing him from around fifteen steps distance. Gist wanted to kill the Indian, but Washington declined—evidently deciding it would antagonize Indians he wanted to maintain on a friendly basis.
This was one of the major creeks to be crossed on the Venango Path.
Description: http://www.thelittlelist.net/connoque.jpg
Major George Washington. DAR memorial 1.8 miles north of Evans City in Butler County on PA 68. Photo by compiler with Joyce Chandler. Enlarged photo
"On the flats of the east side of Connoquenessing Creek, one hundred rods east of this spot, Major George Washington, then a youth of twenty-one years of age, narrowly escaped death, being shot at by a hostile Indian, less than fifteen steps distance, on the evening of December 27th, 1753, as he and Christopher Gist were returning to Virginia from Washington's historical visit to St. Pierre[36], commandant of the French forts, Le Boeuf (Waterford) and Venango (Franklin), as agents of Governor Dinwiddie of Virginia in delivering to St. Pierre the protest of Governor Dinwiddie against encroachment of the French on territory claimed by the English. Washington and Gist were following the course of the Venango Indian Trail, which crossed the highway at this spot. It followed an almost north and south line from the forks of the Ohio (Pittsburgh) to Venango (Franklin), and was one of the most important of the Indian Trails.
"Erected 1925 by the General Richard Butler Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution."[37]
1754 or 1756
A cousin Barbara (Cutlip) Porter spent her summers researching court
> records in W.Va. and Va. She was able to deduce that most Cutlip can
> trace themselves back in one instance to two brothers in Stauton or
> Staunton, Va. which is east of Braxton, County, W.Va. She said that
> their father's name was George. The older brother fought in the French
> and Indian War. His name escapes me, but the younger brother was named
> Malichai, a good West Country English name. The Methodist church is big
> in Devon and they used to like Biblical names. Anyway Malichai fought
> in the Revolutionary War. She said Court Records indicated that George,
> the father, bought 50 acres of land on the Shenandoa River for 90
> English pounds in 1754 or 1756. At the time we were corresponding, she
> said that she was unable to find anything past 1754.[38]
1754
More recently, another cousin, Betty (Cutlip)Ersh, took the advice of
> George Cutlip of Clarksburg and contacted a gal name Sylvia Blott in
> Portsmouth, England who supposedly has the data on the European side of
> the equation. It appears that a Cutlip sometime ago became or married a
> Mormon and thus put the Cutlip name in the Mormon Genealogy databank.
> Anyway, as I recall, George apparently left England in 1754, came back
> got his wife Mary (Murphy) and left again in 1756 for America.[39]
December 27, 1755
William Crawford to George Washington, December 27, 1755, Virginia Colonial Militia Accounts
Rec. Twenty five pounds for recruting for which I oblige myself to account with Col. Washinton when required, Wm Crawford
December 27, 1767: Nancy Anne Crawford Connell Mounts
· Memorial
·
Birth:
December 27, 1767
Westmoreland County
Pennsylvania, USA
Death:
February 28, 1842
Switzerland County
Indiana, USA
Description: http://www.findagrave.com/icons2/trans.gif
Daughter of James Connell and Anne Crawford
Married Thomas Mounts 1785 Fayette County, PA
Burial:
Lostetter Cemetery
Switzerland County
Indiana, USA
Created by: Jackie W.
Record added: May 24, 2008
Find A Grave Memorial# 27043732
Description: Nancy Anne Crawford Connell Mounts
Cemetery Photo
Added by: Bob Shannon
[40]
1768 – Treaty of Hard Labour with the British Indian Superintendent; Cherokee ceded land in southwestern Virginia.[41] In 1768, the Iroquois Confederacy (often called the Six Nations) and the Cherokee signed the Treaty of Hard Labour and the Treaty of Fort Stanwix, relinquishing their claims on the territory between the Ohio River and the Alleghenies to the British.[42]
1768
PIC-0203
-
Indian Tribes, 1768[43][44]
1113111411
1768
John Stephenson was William and Valentine Crawford's half brother. After the death of the Crawfords' father, their mother, Onora Grimes Crawford (d. 1776), married Richard Stephenson, by whom she had five sons and one daughter[45]. John Stephenson had served in the French and Indian War and settled in the vicinity of the Great Crossing of the Youghiogheny about 1768. He was involved from time to time in the Crawfords' land activities.[46]
1767-1768
If the McKinnon family tree is correct that Daniel McKinnon was born “in 1767”, then Daniel’s parents were also settlers about the same time as Harrisons, because the Fayette history (Ref#33) states “The Harrisons were settlers here in the spring of 1768 when the Rev. John Steele and his associates came to inspect the settlements in the Youghiogheny and Monongohela Valleys. The Harrison lands ad- joining those of Crawfords were entered at the land office that year.”
Lawrence Harrison and Catherine were married in Orange County, Virginia, the same county in which William Crawford was born. According to a “Family Group Sheet” located in the Frankfurt Genealogy Library the present location is Berkeley County, Virginia. (Ref 31.2)
The entwining of the family trees of the Harrisons and Crawfords is displayed in other reports located in Frankfort. (Ref 31.1, 31.2, 31.3, 31.4. 31.5 and 31.6) Please note that an earlier report on the Harrisons (Ref 31.6) states that a “Samuel Murphy remembered that John Stephenson, William Crawford, and the brothers Lawrence Harrison and Charles Harrison crossed the mountains (Alleghenies) at the same time. Murphy had been reared in the home of Crawford’s mother and second husband, Stephenson. “John” was a half brother to William Crawford.[47]
1768
In 1768 Daniel appears to have again returned to England and was ordained by the Bishop of London in 1768, (Maryland State Archives, MSA SC 5200, School Teachers of Early Maryland, Robert Bames.) Hardly something that would have been done if Daniel had been divorced. Thus it suggests that Ruth may have died.[48]
1768
In 1768, the Reverend Steel[49] was sent to the Redstone Settlement, the object of his mission being to persuade the settlers there to abandon the lands on which they had “squatted”; A meeting of settlers was held at Gist‘s plantation, and among the names of those who met there with the Reverend Steel, were Richard and Lawrence Harrison. [50]
1768
The Youghiogheny River has its upper waters in Fayette Co PA and its lower waters in Westomoreland. It meets the Monongahela River at McKeesport in Allegheny Co PA. Oliver Crawford came to set up a ferry at Muddy Creek on the Monongahela in 1768, one year after William Crawford settled in the area as an Indian trader. This seems too much of a coincidence for them not to be related somehow.[51]
1768: Haidamaks massacre the Jews of Uman, Poland.[52]
1768…Norborne Berkeley, 4th Baron Botetourt
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The Lord Botetourt
Description: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Norborne_Berkeley_Baron_de_Botetourt.jpeg/230px-Norborne_Berkeley_Baron_de_Botetourt.jpeg
Colonial Governor of Virginia
In office
1768–1770
Preceded by
Francis Fauquier
Succeeded by
John Murray, 4th earl of Dunmore
Personal details
Born
c. 1717
Stoke Gifford, Gloucestershire, England
Died
October 15, 1770
Governor's Palace, Williamsburg, Virginia
Spouse(s)
never married
Description: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/StokeParkStokeGifford.jpg/200px-StokeParkStokeGifford.jpg
http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.20wmf8/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png
Stoke Park in 2011, viewed from south, as visible from the northbound carriageway of the M32 motorway which now cuts across the former parkland. Now known as "The Dower House" and split into private apartments. Rebuilt by Norborne Berkeley in 1750 it eventually became used as a dower house by the Dukes of Beaufort at nearby Badminton House
Norborne Berkeley, 4th Baron Botetourt (c. 1717 – October 15, 1770), was a courtier, member of parliament, and royal governor of the colony of Virginia from 1768 until his death in 1770.
•
Life
Norborne Berkeley was born about 1717. He was of the family of Berkeley of Stoke Gifford in Gloucestershire, descended from Maurice de Berkeley (d. 1347), who had acquired the manor of Stoke Gifford in 1337, the second son of Maurice de Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley (1271–1326). In 1726, Berkeley was admitted to Westminster School. His political career began in 1741 when he was elected to the House of Commons as a knight of the shire for Gloucestershire, a seat he held until 1763. Considered a staunch Tory, Berkeley's fortunes were boosted considerably on the accession of George III in 1760. In 1764, he successfully claimed the title of Baron Botetourt as the lineal descendant of Maurice de Berkeley (d. 1361) and his wife Catherine de Botetourt, sister & co-heir of John Botetourt, son and heir of Sir John de Botetourt (d. 1324), baron by writ 1309-15. Maurice (d. 1361) was the son and heir of Maurice de Berkeley (d. 1347 at the Siege of Calais), who had acquired the manor of Stoke Gifford, Gloucestershire, in 1337, the second son of Maurice de Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley (1271–1326). He thus took a seat in the House of Lords as the 4th Baron de Botetourt, and in 1768 was appointed governor of Virginia. He died in Williamsburg on October 15, 1770, after an illness lasting several weeks. Botetourt never married and left no direct heirs.[1][2][3][4]
Statues
A statue of Botetourt was placed in the Capitol in Williamsburg in 1773. The Capital of Colonial Virginia was located in Williamsburg from 1699 until 1780, but at the urging of Governor Thomas Jefferson was moved to Richmond for security reasons during the American Revolution. In 1801 the statue of Botetourt was acquired by the College of William and Mary and moved to the campus from the former Capitol building. Barring a brief period during the Civil War when it was moved to the Public Asylum for safety, it stood in the College Yard until 1958 when it was removed for protection from the elements, and then in 1966 was installed in the new Earl Gregg Swem Library, in the new Botetourt Gallery. In 1993, as the College celebrated its tercentenary, a new bronze statue of Botetourt by the William and Mary alumnus Gordon Kray was installed in the College Yard in front of the Wren Building, in the place occupied for generations by the original.[5]
Legacy
Botetourt County, Virginia, was named in Botetourt's honour. Historians also believe that Berkeley County, West Virginia, and the town of Berkeley Springs, both now in West Virginia, were also named in his honour, or possibly that of another popular colonial governor, Sir William Berkeley.[6]
Lord Botetourt High School in the unincorporated town of Daleville in Botetourt County, Virginia, is also named for him, as is the Botetourt Dorm Complex at The College of William and Mary. Two statues also adorn the campus of The College of William and Mary. Gloucester County, Virginia has an elementary school named for governor. Both Richmond, Virginia and Norfolk, Virginia have streets named in his honour.[53]
In 1768 Mason and Dixon, two eminent civil engineers from London, ran a line known by their name as the Pennsylvania and Maryland boundary, from the circle twelve miles distant from New Castle on the Delaware as a center, to the second crossing of Dunkard Creek in the present County of Greene, where they were stopped by the Indians about thirty-six miles from the point where the line should have terminated. That line, extended subsequently to its full distance, is our
southern boundary to-day.[54]
December 27, 1774: Joseph Howard Jr. is himself listed on Page 9 in the 1776 Census. Margery married Henry Hll on December 27, 1774 and they are listed on Page 4 of the 1776 Census. Joseph Howard Sr.s wife Margaret Williams died about 1762 shortly after the birth of their youngest son Benjamin. Based on the foregoing the 1776 Census should only show three individuals for Joseph Howard Sr. (Joseph Sr., Benjamin, and Margaret) instead of the five that are listed. No data can be found which explain these additional persons in the 1776 Census for Joseph Howard Sr. Could the additional male and female listings be Eleanor and her half-brother Daniel (who married in Anne Arundel County in 1777? [55]
Joseph Howard Jr. is himself listed on Page 9 in the 1776 Census. Margery married Henry Hall on
December 27, 1774 and they are listed on Page 4 of the 1776 Census. Joseph Howard Sr.'s wife,
Margaret Williams died about 1762 shortly after the birth of their youngest son Benjamin. Based on
the foregoing the 1776 Census should only show three individuals for Joseph Howard Sr. (Joseph Sr.,
Benjamin, and Margaret) instead of the five that are listed. No data can be found which explain these
additional persons in the 1776 Census for Joseph Howard Sr. Could the additional male and female
listings be Eleanor and her half-brother Daniel (who married in Anne Arundel County in 1777)?(67)
Also, it should be noted that Joseph Howard Sr. and his wife Margaret had children in 1746, 1749 and
1752/3. Their next child was born in the late summer of 1761. That leaves a period of eight or nine
years between births when no children were born to Margaret. Could Eleanor McKinnon have been
the result of an affair that Joseph Sr. was having during that period?
Joseph Howard Sr. was a wealthy person and a large landholder. This alone made him well respected
in the area. Among his land holdings was "Howard's Inheritance", willed to him by his father, and
consisting of 380 acres of land on or near South River in All Hallows Parish. At the time of Eleanor
McKinnon's birth, Joseph Howard Sr. and his family resided there. The mentioned will also provided
that Joseph Sr. be "instructed in the knowledge of physick" by his father's friend. Dr. Richard Hill(68).
Whether this vocation was pursued was not further researched.
Ruth McKinnon, at the time of Eleanor's birth, was not a simple country girl seduced on a warm
summer's evening. Her husband, Daniel, as School Master, occupied a position of respect. And if he
was in fact the son of Lord Michael McKinnon, he would have commanded even more respect. And,
finally, she had given birth to at least three children: a son (Daniel), Anne and Ruth.
Surprisingly for the times there is no evidence that Ruth McKinnon and Eleanor's father were in
anyway held criminally responsible for their adultery which was considered a serious crime at the time.
The only punishment that can be found is Daniel's publication of the illegitimate birth and the resulting
scandal. Could it be that Eleanor's father was of such influence that the crime was not further
pursued?
All of the above strongly suggests that Eleanor's father was a man of postion and respect
such as Joseph Howard Sr. [56]
December 27, 1776
Head Quarters, Newton, December 27, 1776.
I have the pleasure of Congratulating you upon the success of an enterprize which I had formed against a Detachment of the Enemy lying in Trenton, and which was executed yesterday Morning. The Evening of the 25th. I ordered the troops intended for this service to parade back of McKonkey’s Ferry, that they might begin to pass as soon as it grew dark, imagining we should be able to throw them all over, with the necessary Artillery, by 12 O’Clock, and that we might easily arrive at Trenton by five in the Morning, the distance being about nine miles. But the Quantity of Ice, made that Night, impeded the passage of the Boats so much, that it was three o’clock before the Artillery could all be got over, & near four, before the troops took up their line of march.
This made me despair of surprizing the Town, as I well knew we could not reach it before the day was fairly broke, but as I was certain there was no making a retreat without being discovered, and harassed on repassing the river, I determined to push on at all Events. I formed my detachments into two divisions one to March by the lower or river road, the other by the upper or Pennington Road. As the divisions had nearly the same distance to march, I ordered each of them, immediately upon forcing the out guards, to push directly into the Town, that they might charge the enemy before they had time to form. The upper division arrived at the enemy’s advanced post, exactly at eight oclock, and in three minutes after I found from the fire on the lower road that, that division had also got up. The Out guards made but small opposition tho’ for their numbers, they behaved very well, keeping up a constant retreating fire from behind houses. We presently saw their main body formed, but from their motions, they seemed undetermined how to act.
Being hard pressed by our troops, who had already got possession of part of their Artillery, they attempted to file off by a road on their right leading to Princeton, but perceiving their intention, I threw a body of troops in their way which immediately checked them. Finding from our disposition that they were surrounded, and that they must inevitably be cut to pieces if they made any further resistance, they agreed to lay down their arms. The number, that submitted in this manner, was 23 Officers and 886 Men. Col. Rall the commanding officer with seven others Were found wounded in the town. I dont exactly know how many they had killed, but I fancy not above twenty or thirty, as they never made any regular stand. Our loss is very trifling indeed, only two officers and one or two privates wounded.
I find, that the detachment of the enemy consisted of the three Hessian Regiments of Lanspatch, Kniphausen and Rohl amounting to about 1500 Men, and a troop of British light horse, but immediately upon the begining of the attack, all those who were not killed or taken, pushed directly down the Road towards Burdentown. These would likewise have fallen into our hands, could my plan have been compleatly carried into execution. Genl. Ewing was to have crossed before day at Trenton ferry, and taken possession of the bridge leading out of town but the quantity of Ice was so great, that tho he did every thing in his Power to effect it, he could not get over.
This difficulty also hindered General Cadwallader from crossing with the Pennsylvania militia, from Bristol, he got part of his foot over, but finding it impossible to embark his artillery, he was obliged to desist. I am fully confident, that could the troops under Generals Ewing and Cadwallader have passed the river, I should have been able, with their assistance, to have driven the enemy from all their posts below Trenton. But the number I had with me, being inferior to theirs below me, and a strong battalion of light infantry at Princeton above me I thought it most prudent to return the same evening with my prisoners and the artillery we had taken. We found no stores of any consequence in the Town. In justice to the officers and men, I must add, that their behaviour upon this occasion, reflects the highest honor upon them. The difficulty of passing the river in a very severe night, and their march thro’ a violent storm of snow and hail, did not in the least abate their ardour. But when they came to the charge, each seemed to vie with the other in pressing forward, and were I to give a preference to any particular corps, I should do great injustice to the others.
Colonel Baylor, my first Aid de Camp, will have the honor of delivering this to you, and from him you may be made acquainted with many other particulars; his spirited behaviour upon every occasion, requires me to recommend him to your particular notice. I have
the honor to be with great respect Sir your most Obedt. Servt.
G. WASHINGTON
P.S. Inclosed you have a particular list of the prisoners,
artillery and other stores.
The effect on both civilian and Army morale was electric. Men whose terms of enlistment were to have expired at the end of the year agreed to stay on for another six weeks to see the campaign through.[57]
December 27, 1776: Cadwalader wrote to Washington, probably on December 27, “we had about 1800 rank and file including artillery.” Cadwalader had first written 1,700, then crossed it out and wrote 1,800. GW, 7:445. In another letter dated December 26 at nine o’clock he wrote that “General Putnam was to cross at Philada to day, if the weather permitted. with 1000 men; 300 went over yesterday & 500 Jersey militia are now there as Col. Griffin informs me to day.” The source is a letter from Cadwalader to Washington, 2[7?] December 27, 1776. The date of this letter is mutilated in manuscript; editors of the Washington Papers believe that it was sent on December 26; I think that it would have been December 27, 1776. GW, 7:442. Washington’s Crossing by David Hackett Fischer pg. 381
December 27, 1777
[3NN8.J
A general return of troops stationed at Fort Pitt under the command of General Hand, Dec. 27, 1777:
One colonel; Captain Harrison and company, 46; Captain Sullivan and company, 54; Captain Heath and company, 67; Captain O’Hara’ and company, 40—total 208. Captain Sullivan appears to have been absent. Included in the number were two fifers and one drummer.[58]
[Gen. Edward Hand to Jasper Yeates. MS. in New York
Public Library; Hand Papers — A. L. S.]
Fort Pitt December 27, 1777
Dear Yeates — Just as the Major [Jasper Ewing]
was about to set out for Lancaster I rec^. your favours
of 24 & 26 Nov''. & 8*^^. Instant, and need not mention
my joy at the agreable tidings you give me, my ab-
sence from this Place for some time prevented my
Answering your Many Favours Sooner, I refer you
to my last & the Major for every thing worthy
Relating from this Place. I wish much for an En-
quiry into the Causes of the Indian Expedition failing
& hope judicious men will be Appointed
Adieu D'". Yeates remember me to every Body &
Believe me to be most Affectionately y'"''
Edw^ Hand
Jasper Yeates, Esq'", pr. Major Ewing
British vessel at Manchac, and used this for further depreda-
tions on the property of British sympathizers. In the follow-
ing year he sent his troops back up the river under charge of
Lieut. Robert George, who placed them under the orders of
Gen. George Rogers Clark. Willing himself proceeded to
Mobile, where he was captured and narrowly escaped being
hung. He was finally shipped as prisoner to New York, and
kept on Long Island,' under parole, with other American
officers. Having resented an insult offered by a British offi-
cer, Willing was incarcerated in New York City and loaded
with irons, where he remained for three months. One of his
sisters, wife of a British officer, interceded for him with Sir
Henry Clinton, who finally permitted him to return to Philadelphia on parole until exchanged. He is said to have been
exchanged for Henry Hamilton, governor of Detroit. Willing
was never married. He made his home in Philadelphia,
where he died Oct. 13, 1801. — Ed.
AN ATTACK SUGGESTED 193
NEW EXPEDITIONS PLANNED
[Gen. Edward Hand to Westmoreland officers. 3NN94 —
Transcript.]
Fort Pitt, 27^^. December 27, 1777.
D^. Sir — I am informed that the gent", in West-
moreland have it in agitation to make a descent on one
of the Indian Villages on the Alleghany. I think that
it might be put in execution without much hazard —
would therefore gladly consult with you on the occa-
sion, as I can make you acquainted with many circum-
stances you are now a stranger to I am, dear Sir, very
sincerely y''^
Edw^. Hand
Col. Jno. Proctor or Col. Jas. Smith
December 27, 1779: St. John the Evangelist Day – George Washington Celebrated with American Union Military Lodge at Morristown, NJ[59]
December 27, 1792: St. John the Evangelist Day – George Washington Celebrated with Solomon's Lodge No. 1, Poughkeepsie, NY.[60]
December 27, 1813: The Grand Lodge of Tennessee was granted its own Constitution. Brother Jackson was the sixth Grand Master of Masons of Tennessee. [61]
December 27, 1817
General Andrew Jackson takes command of American troops, during the First Seminole War.[62]
1817
The opening of the Erie Canal in 1817.[63]
(1818–1857)
George Augustus Frederick Percy Sydney Smythe, 7th Viscount Strangford .[64]
1818 Francis Godlove signed consent for daughter’s marriage as “Francis Gotlob” JF
1818
In the Recorder’s Office in Fairfield County, Ohio, in 1818, a lease under the name of Moses McCormick has been discovered. Book M, page 42. Moses McCormick is reputed to be a descendant of William and Effie (Crawford) McCormick. He is possibly a grandson to the couple mentioned above, since he is not mentioned in the above mentioned will.
Note: Since many of the soldiers and officers of the American Revolutionary War were unable to procure their bounty lands, for a number of reasons, an assignee or Power of Attorney was hired or appointed. This usually happened when the soildier or officder died or was killed. Then, the heirs would necessarily, be represented in this order. Perhaps several branches ofr one family were represented; each with a different and separate Power of Attorney. This creates complications in tracing family records, due to the fact, each separate assignee and Power of Attorney, must be traced as well as the family in question.[65]
1818
Death of George Rogers Clark in a small cabin near present day Louiville, KY, seemingly forgotten. [66]
1818: The Bank of Cynthiana was chartered, Wm. C. Moore, Pres.: Henry Brown, Cashier; Capital $25,000.00 its office was in a frame houise on the McMillen lot, where, later, the Faerber House was built. The bank closed in 1820, and finally paid off 80% in 1830. From 1830 umntil 1857 there were no banks in Cynthiana.[67]
The 1818 National Road further cemented Cumberland‘s status as a transportation center.
Cumberland‘s importance was elevated by the discovery of vast natural resources in the Jennings Run and Georges Creek basins, including coal and fire clay.[68] At the beginning of the 1800s, is once ahgain the focus of the worlds attention. During Jerusalem’s past 3,000 years of history, the population figures attest to the fact the numbers of inhabitants flourished under Jewish and Chritian rule, but dceclined under Moslem rule.[69]
1818: Since 1818 the Jewish population has been the religious majority in Jerusalem. Today, over 70 percent of Jerusalem’s 700,000 residents are Jewish. Jerusalem, a dusty forgotten city with less than 15,000 inhabitants at beginning of the 1800s, is once again the focus of the world’s attention. During Jerusalem’s past 3,000 years of history, the population figures attest to the fact the numbers of inhabitants flourished under Jewish and Christian rule, but declined under Moslem rule.[70]
1818: Reform Judaism is the religious movement which arose in early nineteenth century Germany with the aim of reinterpreting (or reforming) Judaism in the light of Western thought, values and culture where such a reinterpretation does not come into conflict with Judaism’s basic principles. (Orthodox Judaism maintains that the very principle of Reform is in conflict with the basic principle of faith that the Torah is immutable.)
Emancipation and the Impulse to Reform Judaism
After the Emancipation and the emergence of the Jew into Western society, the need for a degree of adaptation of the traditional faith to the new conditions of life was keenly felt. The Haskalah movement of Enlightenment, of which Moses Mendelssohn was the leading figure, grappled with this very problem but tended to leave the traditional norms more or less intact. It was left to Reform to introduce various innovations in the synagogue service and in other areas of Jewish religious life.
Reform, however, did not, at first, become organized as a separated movement. A number of cultured laymen in various German cities tried their hand at creating liturgy and format which they believed was more keeping with Western ideals. The first Reform congregation was established in Hamburg in 1818, in the Hamburg Temple.
Reform generally came to prefer the term Temple rather than synagogue for its house of prayer in the belief that the Messianic doctrine could no longer be interpreted in terms of personal messiah who would rebuild the Temple. The new opportunities presented in the West for greater social and educational advancement and for the spirit of freedom to flourish were themselves seen as the realization of the Messianic dream and it was felt that the synagogue, standing in place of the Temple, should be known as such. The Prayer Book of the Hamburg Temple omitted most of the references in the traditional Prayer Book to the return to Zion and the restoration of the Temple service. Prayers and sermons in the German language were introduced and an organ was played to accompany the prayers.
1818
Detail, Alamo church. Photograph by W. Eugene George.
The Champs d'Asile colony is organized on the Trinity River by French exiles, but is soon abandoned.[71]
1818-1933: The size of the Jewish population in Bavaria varied relatively little fro the Napoleonic era to 1933, numbering 53,208 in 1818 and 41,939 in 1933.[72]
December 27, 1837 – Cannon’s party arrives in the Cherokee Nation West, with 18 people having died along the way.[73]
1838: Thomas Harrison Moore (1790-1842) and his brother, John, settled on tracts of land on the La Bahia Road near present LaGrange. It is recorded in the actions of the Court of Bastrop County in 1838 that Thomas H. Moore was granted permission to establish a ferry at the La Bahia crossing of the Colorado River, at what is now LaGrange. [74]
1838: Rebecca Godlove
Rebecca Godlove
Posted: 13 Apr 2000 4:40PM GMT
Classification:
Edited: May 28, 2003 11:31AM GMT
Surnames:
Rebecca, b. abt 1838 Hardy County, VA Daughter of Francis and Elizabeth Godlove.
According to census records, siblings include Isaac, Margaret, Nancy, Joseph, Rachel, Louise and Larella (sp?). Family lore says that the entire family (except for Rebecca) moved west and were never heard from again. Any help will be appreciated.[75]
From 1838 to 1844 Gottlober was living in Mogilev-Podolski and then wandering yet again.[76]
December 27, 1842: Dr. Milton Reader Hunter, William Harrison Goodlove’s brother in law, born March 14, 1817, on his fathers farm, Catawba, Clark County, Ohio; died 1884 in Pleasant Tsp., Clark County Ohio. He was the son of Jonathan Hunter and Mary Shaw. He married Nancy Jane Goodlove, William Harrison Goodlove’s sister, December 27, 1842 in Clark Co. Ohio by Reverend Reuben Miller. She was born January 16, 1826, in Moorefield Twp. Clark Co. Ohio. She was the daughter of Conrad Goodlove and Catherine “Katie” McKinnon. He married (2) Sarah Skillman, November 6, 1860 in Pleasant Twp. Clark County, Ohio. She was the daughter of D. C. Skillman. [77]
December 27, 1856: Freeman's analysis places Lee's attitude toward slavery and abolition in a historical context:
This [opinion] was the prevailing view among most religious people of Lee's class in the border states. They believed that slavery existed because God willed it and they thought it would end when God so ruled. The time and the means were not theirs to decide, conscious though they were of the ill-effects of Negro slavery on both races. Lee shared these convictions of his neighbors without having come in contact with the worst evils of African bondage. He spent no considerable time in any state south of Virginia from the day he left Fort Pulaski in 1831 until he went to Texas in 1856. All his reflective years had been passed in the North or in the border states. He had never been among the blacks on a cotton or rice plantation. At Arlington, the servants had been notoriously indolent, their master's master. Lee, in short, was only acquainted with slavery at its best, and he judged it accordingly. At the same time, he was under no illusion regarding the aims of the Abolitionists or the effect of their agitation.[51]
A key source cited by defenders and critics is Lee's 1856 letter to his wife:[52]
... In this enlightened age, there are few I believe, but what will acknowledge, that slavery as an institution, is a moral & political evil in any Country. It is useless to expatiate on its disadvantages. I think it however a greater evil to the white man than to the black race, & while my feelings are strongly enlisted in behalf of the latter, my sympathies are more strong for the former. The blacks are immeasurably better off here than in Africa, morally, socially & physically. The painful discipline they are undergoing, is necessary for their instruction as a race, & I hope will prepare & lead them to better things. How long their subjugation may be necessary is known & ordered by a wise Merciful Providence.
—Robert E. Lee, to Mary Anna Lee, December 27, 1856
December 27, 1862: The Battle of Dripping Springs and Van Buren
On December 27, 1862, after resting for three weeks in their newly
established camps at Fayetteville and Prairie Grove, the Federals started south
for Dripping Springs. Blunt desired to break up the camp at Dripping Springs
and capture the Rebel supplies in Van Buren. He also wanted to capture several
steamboats coming up the Arkansas River with supplies for Hindman’s army,
which was camped around Fort Smith.
The Federals followed Cove Creek through the Boston Mountains that day
and spent a few hours that night sleeping on its banks.[78]
December 27, 1884: Henny-Klara Gottlieb, born Silber, December 27, 1884 in Mainstockheim. Resided Braunshweig. Deportation: from Gelsenkirchen-Munster-Hannover, March 31, 1942. Missing. [79]
December 27, 1891:
Ernest Bowes-Lyon
August 4, 1858
December 27,1891
Isobel Hester Drummond (1860–1945)
Capt. Hubert Bowes-Lyon (1883–1959)
Susan Bowes-Lyon (1884–1885)
Dorothea Bowes-Lyon (1886–1886)
Joan Bowes-Lyon (1888–1954)
Marjorie Bowes-Lyon (1889–1981)
Ernestine Bowes-Lyon (1891–19??)
[80]
December 27, 1891: Montgomery C. Meigs contracted a cold on December 27, 1891. Within a few days, it turned into pneumonia.[81]
December 27, 1894: REV. EDMUND ROBERT b. 1837 m. AMANDA CAMELLE HARSHAW b. 1840
IS THE CHILD WE WILL FOLLOW.
REV. EDMUND ROBERT HARRISON, (GGfather), son of Robert L. and Mildred L. HARRISON, was born December 04, 1837 in Caswell Co., NC, and died July 31, 1883 in Oppelo, AR at the age of 46. Edmund moved with his family from Caswell Co., NC to Tennessee, then to Dallas Co., AR. At the age of 28 he married AMANDA CAMELLE HARSHAW on October 03, 1866 in Hickory Plains, AR. He was listed on the marriage license as from Dallas Co., AR. She was the daughter of DANIEL HARSHAW and MARY NARCISSA DOWDLE. Amanda was born October 28, 1840 in Holly Springs, Marshall Co., MS and died December 27, 1894 in Hickory Plains, AR at age 54. She had come to Hickory Plains with her family from Holly Springs, MS in 1872 when she was about 12 years old and married Edmund when she was 26. [82]
December 27, 1902: Earnest Olen Burch (b. December 27, 1902 in AL / d. August 27, 1967 in CA).[83] Ernest Olen Burch15 [Mary Nix14, John K. Nix13, John A. Nix12, Grace Louisa Francis Smith11, Gabriel Smith10, John “LR” Smith9, Ambrose J. Smith8, Christopher Smith7, Christopher Smith6, Thomas Smythe5, Thomas Smythe4, John Smythe3, Richard2, William1] (b. December 27, 1902 in Lauderdale Co. AL / d. August 27, 1967 in Quartz Hill, CA) married Mildred Emma Hufstedler (b. February 9, 1910 in Tolar, Hood Co. TX / d. January 1989 in Lubbock Co. TX), the daughter of Edward Hufstedler and Maura West, on December 24, 1925 in Farwell, TX. [84]
1927 December 27, Stalin's faction won All-Union Congress in USSR. Trotsky was expelled.
(MC, 12/27/01) [85]
1927 December 27, The musical play "Show Boat," with music by Jerome Kern and libretto by Oscar Hammerstein the Second, opened at the Ziegfeld Theater in New York. It was based on a novel by Edna Ferber that spanned life on the Mississippi River from 1884-1927. The songs included "Ol~ez_rsquo~ Man River."
(WSJ, 2/27/97, p.A15)(SFC, 5/15/97, p.E4)(AP, 12/27/97)(SFC, 1/10/98, p.E1)[86]
December 27, 1931: Washington Post: "Ancient District Boundary Marker Set by Washington," Washington Post, p. S7 (December 27, 1931). [87]
December 27, 1955: Children of REV.EDMUND HARRISON and AMANDA HARSHAW are:
1. DANIEL HARSHAW (BOPO) was born December 21, 1867 in Hickory Plains, AR and died December 27, 1955, in Muskogee, OK. He married Mary Anne WOOD May 04, 1895 in Princeton, IN. She was born July 22, 1859 in Huntingburg, IN and died March 11, 1914 in Dallas, TX. [88]
December 27, 1978: In Iran, the government imposed rationing gasoline and paraffin. Iran Air was grounded by a strike declared as total and indefinite; Pan American Airlines suspended flights to Tehran.[89]
December 27, 1979: Soviet invasion of Afghanistan begins.[90]
1980s
Even as new manuscripts have continued to emerge from the desert, archaeologists in modern day Israel, Palestine, and Jordan are uncovering sites that were unknown or unexcavated just a few years ago. Since the 1980’s, a number of major archaeological digs have been active in Sepphoris and Tiberias, cities built or rebuilt by Herod Antipas, the governor of the Galilee at the time of Jesus. The Galilee was one of the most densely populated regions in the entire Roman empire, and Sephhoris was the market hub for a network of agricultural villages. It was rebuilt after its near complete destruction following a Jewish uprising against the Romans in 4 B.C.[91]
None of the modern efforts, including the attempt to color code Jesus’s sayings according to their supposed authenticity, has been more productive than the attempt to recapture the Jeiwshess of Jesus and his world. Geza Vermes, a retired professor of Jewish studies at Oxford University, set the tone about 30 years ago with his Jesus the Jew, which located Jesus as a first century Galilean who exemplified “charismatic Judaism of wonder working holy men such as the first century B.C. Honi and Jesus’s younger contemporary, Hanina ben Dosa.” Other scholars have focused on the political tinderbox that was first century Palestine in order to understand how Jesus came to be viewed as such a threat.[92]
December 27, 2007: Former Pakistan prime minister Benedir Bhutto is waiving to the crowd when gunshots and an explosion killing Bhutto and at least 20 others. Bhutto had just returned to Pakistan after an eight year exile.[93] An amatuer video show that she appears to have been hit on the head from behind prior to the bomb going off. Scotland yard denies this. No autopsy was ever done. [94]
Even though Islamic tradition dictates that burials take place quickly after death, the speed that Bhutto’s body was transported to her home was disconcerting to some. Her body went from Rawalpindi in the north to Sindh in the south, less thab a day after her assasination. Also eyewitness reports say that the governement had the crime scene hosed down and that any forensic evidence was lost that might have been there. [95]
2008: DNA is the carrier of our genetic information, which passes from generation to generation. At conception, a person receives DNA from both his or her father and mother. We each have twenty-three pairs of chromosomes, and for each pair, one was contributed by the father and another by the mother. These twenty-three pairs of chromosomes are known as nuclear DNA, since they reside in the nucleus of every cell, except red blood cells. Twenty-two of the chromosomes are known as autosomes. One half of the twenty-third chromosome, from the mother, is always an X. From the father, a person either inherits an X Chromosome or a Y chromosome, which determines the sex of the child. Getting an X from the father, a person would result in an XX, who would be female, and getting a Y from the father would result in an XY, who would be male. Both males and females inherit mitochondrial DNA, located in abundant quantities outside the nucleus of each cell, from the mother. The father does not pass on any mitochondrial DNA.[96]
• The Goodlove families earliest previously known ancestor was Conrad Goodlove, born 1793, in either Germany or Pennsylvania according to family tradition. Nothing more about his ancestors was known, until now.
• In 2006, Gerol Lee Goodlove took a DNA test to see if there was a match to a suspected Godlove ancestor by the name Francis Godlove by way of a Godlove descendant by the name of Ray Godlove. My fathers words to me just before I received the results of the test were “I think we’re going to open a can of worms here.” His words were prophetic.
Gary Goodlove’s DNA matches the Cohen Modal Haplotype.
• Structure of the Cohen Modal Haplotye
• The Cohen Modal Haplotype, which can be identified with a genealogical DNA test, is
• DYS19/DYS 394=14
• DYS385a=13
• DYS385b=15
• DYS388=16
• DYS389-1=13
• DYS389-2=30
• DYS390=23
• DYS391=10
• DYS392=11
• DYS393=12
• DYS426=11
• DYS439=12
• Gary Goodlove FTDNA Markers
• FTDNA Haplogroup: J1
• FTDNA DYS markers
• Locus DYS# Alleles
• 1 393 12
• 2 390 23
• 3 19* 14
• 4 391 10
• 5 385a 13
• 6 385b 15
• 7 426 11
• 8 388 16
• 9 439 11
• 10 389-1 13
• 11 392 11
• 12 389-2 30
• *Also known as DYS 394
• Ray Godlove and Gary Goodlove’s DNA did not “match” but were both of the Cohen Model Haplotype. Which is to say that both shared a previous ancestor but not Francis Gottlob as previously theorized. Both have Jewish ancestry and descend from the Jewish priestly family of Aaron, the brother of Moses.
Gerol Lee Goodlove’s DNA is an exact 12
marker Y-DNA match to the following 33 men:
• en Rayport
• Leon Paikin
• Gary L. Peskin
• Martin Joseph Kahn
• Sidney Leonard Lynn
• Celso Pena
• Theodor Szladek
• Kurt James (gottesmann) Beron
• Lawrence Paul
• Mark Andre Goodfriend
• Dr. Victor Alan Elinoff, MD
• Samuel Earl Golden
• Delbert Clark Lipton
• Mr. Joseph Camilo
• Mr. Nick Stephen Jakubovics
• Russell Clark Lipton
• Mr. Cohen Claude Salomon
• Abraham Cohen
• Mr. Robert Edward Dillon
• Mr. Michael Alan Cohen
• Mr. Henry Lawrence Tenenbaum
• Mr. Sanford Leonard Fried
• Mr. Alexander S. Edelmann!
• Mr. Paul Vere Roundy, IV
• Raymond Wayne Abrams
• Eric Green
• Elliot Lance Neufeld!
• Mr. Marc Hugh Stevens (hein)
• Mr. Marcus John Jones, Esq.
• Harvey Krueger
• Elihu S. Nesis
• Mr. DC Palter
• Adam G. Carr
Sheldon D. Altman
• None of these men are a part of our family’s current family tree.
• On the male chromosome, if you match another person exactly in a dozen markers, a rare occurrence, unless you are closely related, you have a 99 percent likelihood of sharing common ancestry.[1]
• This list is growing.[97]
Jewish priestly family
• Because Jewish priestly families keep genealogies and measure descent, uniquely from fathers to sons, early DNA researchers went ‘fishing’ among known priestly families to see whether there were any common genetic patterns on the Y chromosome. Voila. They found 12 markers which were shared by nearly all Jewish priestly families and by almost no one else the world. Those are the 12 markers your father has. [98]
First Christian
• “Gerol Goodlove was the first Christian to ever have this unique haplotype.”
Bennet Greenspan
President
Family Tree DNA
(National Geographic Genographic Project)
• FTDNA is affiliated with Michael Hammer’s world-renowned genetic anthropology laboratory at the University of Arizona, which identified the Cohen Modal Haplotype and is where all its samples are analyzed. It tests about twenty thousand people a year. Anyone interested in finding Jewish or Semitic roots would find the database at FTDNA the most extensive by far for finding common ancestors.[99]
• FAMILY TREE DNA
– 1919 NORTH Loop West, Ste. 110
– Houston, TX 77008
– Phone (713) 868-1348
– Fax: (713) 868-4584
– http://www.famlytreedna.com
– info@FamilyTreeDNA.com
• The Cohen studies were truly remarkable. Although the extended family of Jews shares a signature of its distant ancestry, Jews are genetically (and visably) different.
• The Cohanim researchers were not looking for genetic similarity among Jews living near each other or with the same last names; they were attempting to see if Jews scattered around the world with a shared oral tradition-Indian Jews from Mumbai, black Jews from Johannesburg, Ashkenazi Jews from New York, and Sephardic Jews from Israel, had a common male ancestor, and approximately when he might have lived.[100]
• “Descendants of a founding father, more than likely a Canaanite and conceivably an Israelite priest, were linked not by last name but by their DNA, which confirmed an oral tradition that predates the first use of surnames.”
• Mark Thomas, author of the second Cohen study.[101]
• The discovery of the Cohanim marker, while short of proving the biblical story of Moses and Aaron, does align with biblical history, oral tradition, and the archaeological evidence.[102]
•
• The oldest original biblical text ever found is believed to be the Bircas Cohanim. The Israel Museum in Jerusalem has on display two small silver scrolls inscribed with a Hebrew prayer found near the Old City in the area of burial caves believed to be from the First Temple period. [103]
• Whatever uncertainties may exist in the dating of the CMH, the DNA is testament to the certain relationship between the Jews and their God.[104]
• “God keeps His promises that we wouldn’t remain scattered. The end is the redemption, and part of it is a functioning Temple. We see now that the exile is ending.”
• Rabbi Ya’akov Kleinam: Center for Cohanim in Jerusalem.[105]
• You ask about how Jewish men know whether or not they are Cohens. Cohen translates literally as "Priest" in Hebrew. Every time you read the word "priest" in the Old Testament, you can be pretty sure that the original Hebrew uses the word "Cohen." However, a priest in Judaism isn't a profession that anyone can do. It's not like a Rabbi or a Christian priest, where anyone can study and become one through some type of ordination process. Jewish priests must be descendants of Aharon, and their primary role was to carry out sacrifices in the Jewish temple. When the Temple was destroyed, however, they lost their primary function. However, they still retained a position of high status in the Jewish religious hierarchy. [106]
• Every week, in a synagogue, a section of the first five books of Moses (the Torah) is read, and members of the congregation are called on to say the blessing before the reading. If there is a Cohen in the congregation, the Cohen will always be called first (although this is no longer the case in many of the Reform synagogues). You may recall that there were twelve tribes of Israel. Aharon was from the tribe of Levi (as was Moses). So, while a Cohen must be a direct descendant of Aharon, Levites also assisted in the temple, and a Levite would be called to say the blessing after the Cohen. Third in the pecking order would be everyone else. So, while many Cohens will know that they are Cohens because it became their family name, others will know because of the roles their families will have played in the Jewish religious ceremonies. [107]
The taking of names.
• There are a lot of Gottliebs-Hundreds and hundreds in the NYC phone book, none of them, as far as I know, are related to me or our family.
• My understanding is that Jews were compelled to take family names in German states in the 18th century. If you know a little German you can tell whether people were nature lovers (Breenbaum, Greenwald), jewelers (Safir, Diamonstien, Bernstein), or pious types (Gottlieb e.g.). Love of God, and/or dear to God.
• Annie Gottlieb (email)
• (Author)
Jewish Surnames:
• Examples of Jewish surnames that were originally nicknames or personality characteristics: Gottlieb “God-loving”, Gottschalk “God’s servant, Lipgott “God-loving”.[108]
The DNA matches but the last names do not:
• The DNA matches but the names do not and it is because during early history people did not use last names and when they did choose them, everyone chose different last names than those of the other members of their extended families.
A match without the same surname:
• “An exact 12 marker match has been found between you and another person in the Family Tree DNA database.
• You and the other person match in all 12 loci. If you share the same surname or variant, this means that there is a 99% likelihood that you share a common ancestor in a genealogical time frame. If you match another person without the same surname or variant, you still probably share a common ancestor but this ancestor most likely lived in the time before surnames were adopted.”[109]
Unique opportunity:
• The following presentation is a chronological portrayal of the political, social, and religious climate that faced our family from the beginning. We are faced we a unique opportunity to connect with individuals who have matching DNA who’s families ancestors have been scattered throughout the world.
• Passing through the gauntlet of Jewish Ashkenazi history, which includes dozens of pogroms, the mass slaughters of the Crusades, the Black Death, the Thirty Years’ War, and the Holocaust, among other catastrophes. Researchers got lucky in identifying the Aaronite line.[1][110]
• But was it luck, a coincidence, or something else?
Prologue:
• A good place to begin the genetic history of the Jews is with Aaron’s Y chromosome. In the book of Exodus, God decrees that Moses’brother Aaron and all of his male descendants shall be the high priests of the Israelites. Even today, men who count themselves among the direct male descendants of Aaron have special responsibilities in many synagogues, such as leading certain blessings. Within Judaism as a whole, these men are known as kohanim, the Hebrew word for priests. Many have the last name Cohen, Cohn, Kahn, or a similar derivative of the word kohan. [1] [111]
Aaron’s Y chromosome:
• Since men pass their Y chromosomes on to their sons, all of Aaron’s sons would have had his Y chromosome, which they in turn would have passed on to their sons, and so on down the generations to the kohanim of today. Along the way, mutations would occur in the separate lineages derived from Aaron’s Y chromosome, making the nucleotide sequences of Aaron’s male descendants somewhat different from one another today. But the original haplotype should still be visible, like a figure behind a translucent screen. [1] [112]
99.9 percent unchanged:
• Like surnames, the Y chromosome is passed from dad to son 99.9 percent unchanged; it is not shuffled every generation like almost all our other genes.
• In principal, a son’s male chromosome, with its distinctive markers, should be nearly identical with his father’s, and father’s father’s, and so on, back to the lineage’s original father-even back thousands of years.[113]
3 percent:
• About 3 percent of the Jewish males today claim to be Cohanim. But until the development of genetic genealogy, there was no way to validate those oral claims.[114]
• Cohen Modal Haplotype:
• A few years ago a team of geneticists from Haifa Technion, University College in London, and the University of Arizona set out to find Aaron’s Y chromosome. Using cells swabbed from the cheeks of about two hundred Jewish males from Israel, North America, and England, they looked for specific genetic markers along each man’s Y. They found that Jews who did not identify themselves as kohanim had a broad assortment of Y-chromosome markers, no one of which was especially frequent. But of the kohanim, about 50 percent had a particular set of markers, indicating that all of their Y chromosomes descended from a common ancestor. The researchers called this genetic pattern the Cohen Modal Haplotype (modal in this case meaning most common). [1] [115]
[
About 106 generations ago:
• The more recent mutations among men carrying this haplotype also allowed the researchers to calculate when it originated, just as the age of mitochondrial Eve has been calculated from the differences in our mitochondrial DNA. According to the geneticists calculations, the man who carried the original chromosome lived about 106 generations ago. Within the margin of error inherent in the calculation, this easily falls within the time frame when Aaron may have lived.[1] [116]
•
fidelity:
• This marker of Cohanim ancestry is a confirmation of Jewish fidelity and cohesiveness, if not definitively of true priestly lineage.[117]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_High_Priests_of_Israel
[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_High_Priests_of_Israel
[4] Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People, by Jon Entine, pages 114-115
[5] Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People, by Jon Entine, page 115.
[6]Fascinating Facts about the Holy Land by Clarence H. Wagner, Jr.
[7] Antiquity, From the Birth of Sumerian Civilization to the the Fall the Roman Empire, by Norman F. Cantor, page 82.
[8] Introducing Islam by Dr. Shams Inati, pg 39..
[9] Countdown to Apocalypse, H2, November 16, 2012
[10] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Patmos
[11] Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity and the DNA of the Chosen People, by Jon Entine. Page 125.
[12] http://www.jewishhistory.org.il/history.php?startyear=90&endyear=99
[13] http://www.familytreecircles.com/u/Harney/?format=full
[14] [34]I. Volozky, The Instructor (Moscow, 1994), pp. 44-45.,A popular place of assembly in a city—somewhat like the Greek city square—where citizens gathered to discuss important matters like war, peace, choosing a ruler or a bishop, and other questions.,Pskovskaia I Letopis’, 1468-1470 [The Chronicles of Pskov, I: Years 1468-1470].
[15] http://www.freewebs.com/bubadutep75/
[16] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Kepler
[17] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[18] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[19] Wikipedia
[20] http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=78493831
[21] (Ancestors of Forrest Roger Garnett pge. 454.21)
[22] From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford By Grace U. Emahiser p. 40.
[23] From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford By Grace U. Emahiser p. 189.
[24] http://penningtons.tripod.com/jeptha.htm
[25] http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=adgedge&id=I57695
[26] M E M O I R S OF C LAN F I N G O N BY REV. DONALD D. MACKINNON, M.A. Circa 1888
[27] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clan_MacKinnon
[28] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clan_MacKinnon
[29] M E M O I R S OF C LAN F I N G O N BY REV. DONALD D. MACKINNON, M.A. Circa 1888
[30] http://www.americanrevolution.org/hessians/hess1.html
[31] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm
[32] Ancestors of Forrest Roger Garnett Page 452.20.
[33] George Croghan. (Pronounced CROW an—although some say CROW gun). Indian name was Anaquarunda. Born in Dublin c1720. Immigrated to PA in 1741. Died at Passaynunk, PA (Philadelphia) on August 31, 1782. Croghan traveled to the western frontier where he established trading operations with Indians in western PA and in Ohio. He established a post on the Great Miami River at an Indian village known as Pickawillany in 1749 that attracted traders for hundreds of miles in all directions. (The Great Miami River flows south through western Ohio to enter the Ohio River near present-day Cincinnati.) Croghan represented Pennsylvania (the Penn Proprietary) in several Indian relations. Owner/operator of extensive trading operations in Ohio and western PA with central facility at the foot of Pine Creek (site of Etna, PA). The French resented Croghan’s trading to the point they put a price on his head. “King of the Traders.” Croghan’s prices for goods sold to the Indians was said to be half or one-quarter that of the French. The French were never able to price their goods as cheaply as Croghan and the other “English” traders —plus ça change, plus c’est la même chose. Possibly born and baptized Roman Catholic, but converted to the Anglican Church in the colonies. Known for giving Saint Patrick’s Day parties, but also for strong anti-Catholic sentiments.
George Croghan Pike. US 522 in the Shirleysburg area of Huntingdon County. Photo by compiler with Joyce Chandler. Enlarged photo.
Compiler's note: US 522 along this stretch in Huntingdon County is alternatively known as Croghan's Pike. It passes throguh Fort Shirley, Aughwick Indian Town, Aughwick Creek and other Croghan related sites. (Aughwick. Now Shirleysburg in Huntingdon County. Location of a George Croghan trading post. On Aughwick Creek leading into the Juniata River. Tanagharison, the Half-King, died there October 4, 1754? after the unsuccessful defense of Fort Necessity. Queen Alliquippa died in Aughwick that same winter.
The word Aughwick is a variation of “achweek” having a meaning of “overgrown with brush.” “Wicker” is a slender, pliant twig sometimes used in furniture. The physical appearance of the area probably gave rise to the name.)
In 1756 Croghan was appointed Deputy Superintendent of Indian Affairs by Sir William Johnson and, as such, became Britain’s agent in the Ohio Country. This appointment displeased PA Governor James Hamilton who found Croghan to be “an intriguing, disaffected person.”
He attended and was involved in treaty-making in PA (Treaty of Easton in 1758). When PA refused to assist the western settlements against the Indians, Croghan switched his allegiance over to Virginia. In a series of agreements, he was to become owner of in excess of 200,000 acres south of the Ohio River. The “purchase” was from the Iroquois. Business partner and brother-in-law of William Trent. Some of the nicer things said about him were that he was “impudent, ill-bred, illiterate, vile, intriguing….”
He learned passable Indian dialects (his second wife was Mohawk-Iroquois), and was trusted in trading—although he was often slow in paying his suppliers in Philadelphia. He had two daughters—one from his English wife who died and one by his Mohawk wife. His daughter by his Indian wife became the wife of the Mohawk Joseph Brant.
Croghan was sent west by Sir William Johnson in 1765 to talk to Pontiac and reestablish trade relations. While traveling down the Ohio River with several Shawnees, Croghan's party was attacked by eighty Kickapoo and Muscouten warriors and he received a hatchet blow to the head. His capturers later gave him back to the Shawnee rather than risking a war with the British as well as other Indian nations. Croghan did meet with Pontiac and arranged for a meeting for him with Sir William Johnson. The meeting between Pontiac and Sir William Johnson was the beginning of the end for Pontiac. Basically, he overrepresented himself and fell out of favor with his Ottawa people.
George Washington complained of Croghan’s trading practices during the Fort Necessity encounter. Croghan died in 1782 in the Philadelphia area after being identified as a Tory sympathizer during the Revolutionary War. In spite of his many commercial ventures, he died penniless—but, remains one of the more interesting characters to have lived in western PA during the mid 1700s.
http://www.thelittlelist.net/coatocus.htm
[34] Cresap. Colonel Thomas Cresap. (1694-1790). Born in England and came to the colonies in 1718 (some sources write that Cresap was fifteen when he arrived in the colonies) . Arriving in Maryland at Havre de Grace (where the Susquehanna River flows into Chesapeake Bay), he bought a 500-acre "Maryland" land grant on the western bank of the Susquehanna (east of York). In the 1730s he shot a PA law officer (mortally wounded) and spent eight months in jail in Philadelphia. In the 1740s, Cresap and other mountain-men were in the vicinity of Wills Creek and west of the Appalachian Mountains trading with Indians. He obtained a grant on some land on the Potomac River. His trading post was on the Maryland side of the river was later called Oldtown. Oldtown was one of frontier stops of young George Washington during his surveying days as a teenager. Cresap and “Chief” Nemacolin laid-out a packhorse trail from Wills Creek (Cumberland, MD) to Gist’s Plantation and on to Redstone Fort (Brownsville, PA). Some sources believe the trail was limited to the 35 miles from Will's Creek to the Youghiogheny River.
After Braddock’s defeat in 1755, Cresap organized his own “Rangers” and did battle with various Indian groups making incursions in the area of the Braddock Road. In one of those fights, one of Cresap’s Black slaves was killed and afterwards the mountain where he died was named “Negro Mountain.”
http://www.thelittlelist.net/coatocus.htm
[35] In Search of Turkey Foote Road, page 31.
[36] St. Pierre. Louis le Gardeur de St. Pierre de Repentigny. (Also given as Repentigny and Legardeur.) (1701-1755). (luh-GARD-dihr duh san-PIHR). French commandant of Fort le Boeuf in 1753. St. Pierre was born near Montreal and grew up in the Great Lakes area and spoke several Indian languages. St. Pierre was a professional soldier having served in Acadia (Nova Scotia) and as far west as the Mississippi River. When General Pierre Paul Sieur de Marin died in 1753, Captain le Gardeur de St. Pierre became commandant at Fort le Boeuf. He received Washington with courtesy. After two days (some say four) of conversation, the elderly one-eyed St. Pierre told the Virginia Major that he was not charged with making treaties. (Although some references state he had “one eye,” he may have worn a patch covering one to compensate for glaucoma or a cataract.). St. Pierre felt no obligation to follow the instructions of the Governor of Virginia to retire from the area. St. Pierre had arrived at Fort Le Boeuf just seven days prior from Montreal.
In the Ohio Country, St. Pierre was followed in command by Captain Claude-Pierre Pecaudy, seigneur de Contrecoeur. St. Pierre was killed in 1755 during the Battle of Lake George in NY (some write that he was killed “near” Fort Edward.).
(See Marin and Lake George.) http://www.thelittlelist.net/sactosix.htm
[37] http://www.thelittlelist.net/coatocus.htm
[38] http://listsearches.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/ifetch2?/u1/textindices/C/CUTLIP+1998+1837576+F
[39] http://listsearches.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/ifetch2?/u1/textindices/C/CUTLIP+1998+1837576+F
[40] http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=27043732
[41] Timetable of Cherokee Removal.
[42] http://www.polsci.wvu.edu/wv/Hardy/harhistory.html
[43] St. Charles Historical Society Museum, October 2010
[44] The Historical Museum, Utica, Illinois
[45] (BUTTERFIELD [1],93)
[46] George Washington Papers at the Library of Congress, 1741-1799: The Diaries of George Washington. The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. II. 1766-70. Donald Jackson and Dorothy Twohig, eds. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1976
[47] Gerol “Gary” Goodlove Conrad and Caty, 2003
[48] (http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[49] In February, 1768, Governor Penn commissioned the Rev. John Steele, of Carlisle, a Presbyterian clergyman of some celebrity, and three other citizens of Cumberland county, to visist the obnoxious settlements, distribute proclamations embodying the bloody act, and warn the settlers to quit. These envoys set out early in March, and traveled by way of Fort Cumberland and Braddock’s road.
[50] Monongahela of Old, by James Veech, p. 93.Torrence and Allied Families, Robert M. Torrence pg 323-324.
[51] Ancestors of Forrest Roger Garnett, Page 454.51.
[52]
[53] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norborne_Berkeley,_4th_Baron_Botetourt
[54] http://www.mdlpp.org/pdf/library/1905AccountofVirginiaBoundaryContraversy.pdf
[55] (Maryland State Archives. Register of Queen Anne Parish, M 389, Page 97 original or Page 341 revised.) (http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[56] http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html
[57] George Washington, A Biography in His Own Words, Edited by Ralph K. Andrist
[58] Draper Series, Volume III, Frontier Defense of the Uper Ohio, 1777-1778 Wisconsin Historical Society pg. 303
[59] http://www.gwmemorial.org/washington.php
[60] http://www.gwmemorial.org/washington.php
[61] http://www.ebay.com/itm/ANDREW-JACKSON-DOLLAR-COIN-WITH-MASONIC-STAMP-/151064439025?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0&hash=item232c2468f1
[62] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[63] Gerol “Gary” Goodlove Conrad and Caty, 2003
[64] Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscount_Strangford "
[65] Note: Since many of the soldiers and officers of the American Revolutionary War were unable to procure their bounty lands, for a number of reasons, an assignee or Power of Attorney was hired or appointed. This usually happened when the soldier or officer died or was killed. Then, the heirs would necessarily, be represented in this order. Perhaps several branches of one family were represented; each with a different and separate Power of Attorney. This creates complications in tracing family records, due to the fact, each separate assignee and Power of Attorney must be traced as well as the family in question. (From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969. pg. 188.)
[66] The Long Knives, 1998, HISTI
[67] Cynthiana Since 1790 by Virgil Peddicord, page 23.
[68] In Search for Turkey Foot, page 6.
[69] Fascinating facts about the Holy Land, by Clarence H. Wagner, Jr. page 199.
[70] Fascinating Facts about the Holy Land, by Clarence H. Wagner, Jr. page 199.
[71] http://www.drtl.org/Research/Alamo2.asp
[72] Encyclopedia Judaica, Volume 4, page 345.
[73] Timetable of Cherokee Removal.
[74] The Sons of the republic. Sent by John Moreland
[75] http://boards.ancestrylibrary.com/thread.aspx?mv=flat&m=1&p=surnames.godlove
[76] http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Gottlober_Avraham_Ber
[77] (Asbury Cemetery Gravestone, Conrad Goodlove Family Bible, The Brothers Crawford, Vol I by Allen W. Scholl)
[78] http://www.whitsett-wall.com/Documents/James%20Simeon%20Whitsett,%20Civil%20War%20Guerrilla.pdf
James Simeon Whitsett, 1925
By Ronald N. Wall
Florence, Arizona 2005
James Simeon Whitsett, Quantrill Raider
By Ronald N. Wall
[79] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
[2] Gedenkbuch (Germany)* does not include many victims from area of former East Germany).
[80] wikipedia
[81] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montgomery_C._Meigs
[82] http://harrisonfamilytree.blogspot.com/
[83] Proposed descendants of William Smythe.
[84] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe.
[85] http://timelines.ws/20thcent/1926_1927.HTML
[86] http://timelines.ws/20thcent/1926_1927.HTML
[87] http://www.boundarystones.org/
[88] http://harrisonfamilytree.blogspot.com/
[89] Jimmy Carter, The Liberal Left and World Chaos by Mike Evans, page 504
[90] Jimmy Carter, The Liberal Left and World Chaos by Mike Evans, page 498
[91] US New and World Report, Secrets of Christianity, April 2010. Page 8.
[92] US New and World Report, Secrets of Christianity, April 2010. Page 17.
[93] Inside Pakistan 02/16/2008
[94] Inside Pakistan 02/16/2008
[95] Inside Pakistan NTGEO 02/16/2008
[96] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 364.
• [97] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 368.
• [98] Russell Clark Lipton (DNA match)
• [99] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 366.
• [100] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 93.
• [101] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 93.
[102] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 93.
• [103] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 93.
• [104] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 93.
• [105] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 94.
[106] Mark Andre Goodfriend email 2/10/2007 12 marker DNA match
• [107] Mark Andre Goodfriend email 2/10/2007
• 12 marker DNA match
• [108] From Generation to Generation by Arthur Kurzweil, page 218.
[109] Family Tree DNA email
[110] [1] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 96.
[111] [1] Mapping Human History by Steve Olson, 108-109
[112] [1] Mapping Human History by Steve Olson, 108-109
[113] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 24.
• [114] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 24.
• [115] 1] Mapping Human History by Steve Olson, 108-109
[116] [1] Mapping Human History by Steve Olson, 108-109
• [117] “Abraham’s Children” Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People by Jon Entine, pg 24.
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