This Day in Goodlove History, December 7 2014
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Jeffery Lee Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), Jefferson, LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, and including ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Adams, John Quincy Adams and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Martin Van Buren, Theodore Roosevelt, U.S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison “The Signer”, Benjamin Harrison, Jimmy Carter, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, William Taft, John Tyler (10th President), James Polk (11th President)Zachary Taylor, and Abraham Lincoln.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! https://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004
December 7, 1562: Donald McKynnyne, Neill Achwayne McKynnyne, and John Dhu Mackynnye are included in a remission to the Macdonalds of Slate and their friends, for the devastation committed in the Isles of Mull, Tiree, and Coll. It must have been about this date that the saguinary conflict of Culivi or Coolin took place, between the MacLeods and the Macdonalds in which John Ong, the second son of the twenty-fourth Chief Lachlan Dubh, is record amongst the slain. [1]
1563: After Mary’s death in 1563, her half sister, Elizabeth was sympathetic to the Protestant cause, so once again Bible publishing was allowed and Protestantism flourished.[2]** The 39 Articles are published. They were developed from The 42 Articles and contained changes made at Elizabeth’s request. [3]
December 7, 1583: James VI, having intelligence of fresh plots hatched by the adherents of the Earls of Angus and Marr, causes parliament to declare that all those who had taken a part in the Raid of Ruthven
were guilty of high treason. Upon this, most of them made their submission and solicited pardon, with the exception of John Colville, who fled to Berwick. [4]
“December 7, 1777: Today a rebel general by the name of Ensign, a bat-maker by profession, born in Philadelphia, as well as some officers and a number of privates, were brought in as prisoners. It is reported that the rebels made an attack on the pickets of our army. Still confirmation is required as to whether heavy and small arms fire was beard at about one o’clock. [5]
December 7, 1796: Elizabeth STEPHENSON. Born on December 7, 1796. Elizabeth died on April 10, 1852; she was 55. Buried in Concord Cemetery, Kentucky.
In February 1813 when Elizabeth was 16, she married Traver MOORE. Born on December 3, 1790. Traver died in Kentucky on December 22, 1874; he was 84. Buried in Moore Cemetery, Kentucky.
They had the following children:
i. Infant Son. Born about 1813.
ii. Infant Daughter. Born in 1815. Buried in Concord Cemetery, Kentucky.
iii. Harriett. Born in 1817. Harriett died on June 14, 1819; she was 2. Buried in Concord Cemetery, Kentucky. [6]
December 7, 1801: Archibald CRAWFORD b March 9, 1772 [25] lv [54] d March 27, 1866 [20] -13ch
...sp Margaret BROWN b January 6, 1787 PA m December 7, 1801 [21] d ca1848 [20] {15}[7]
December 7, 1824: Mrs. Harvey was born December 7, 1824 in Barre, Orleans Co., New York to John Perrine and Mary Hebard. She had 3 younger sisters and 2 half-sisters. The family moved to Wisconsin in 1842 and became a prosperous farmer in the Southport (Kenosha) area. She was teaching school in the city when she met Mr. Harvey. They had one daughter who died in infancy.
Leaving Wisconsin, she resettled in Buffalo, New York and returned to teaching, later marrying Rev. Albert T. Chester. After his death, she returned to Wisconsin and taught classes in Congregational Sunday School in Ft. Atkinson. One of her students remembered her as "a little woman with a sweet face.... a loving personality, quick, keen & jolly.[8]
December 7, 1824: Andrew Jackson arrived in Washington; took Senate seat. [9]
December 7, 1835: A small faction commits the entire Cherokee Nation to removal in the Treaty of New Echota.[10] The vast majority of Cherokee people will see them as traitors, and worthy of the death penalty. In defiance of Chief Ross and the National Council a small group in return for ceding all the tribal lands in the southeast the Cherokee nation would be paid 5,000,000 dollars providing funds to relocate west of the Mississippi, and to build homes, churches, and schools in their new land. The treaty party did not stand to benefit financially, but that would be little comfort to their fellow citizens.[11]
1835
December 7, 1835
- March 4, 1839
Age 40
James started working as Speaker of the House of Rep...
[12][13]
December 7, 1837: John Thrap b: 1761 in MD d: Abt. 1844 in Perry Co. OH bur @ Holcomb Cem. in Bearfield Twp Perry Co., OH
.... +Elizabeth ? b: 1760 d: December 7, 1837 in buried in Holcomb Cem Portersville, OH (stone illegible). [14]
December 7, 1845
- March 4, 1839
Age 50
James started working at House of Representatives as...
House of Representatives
[15]
December 7, 1862: At four o’clock in the morning of December 7 Shelby ordered Major
David Shanks to start for Fayetteville with detachments from two regiments,
one detachment would be Quantrill’s Bushwhackers. Shelby would follow with a
second force a short time later. In the vanguard of Shanks’ detachments were
Quantrill’s men, including Frank James and Sim Whitsett.
Dave Poole and William Gregg led the bushwhackers. Most of Quantrill’s
men were dressed in their usual stolen federal blue uniforms. They went
around Blunt’s army undetected and raced down to the Fayetteville road. After
reaching the road, they soon encountered a convoy of twenty-one commissary
wagons headed for Blunt’s lines. The escorts with the wagons were confused by
the attack of blue clad soldiers. Then panic set in and the Yankees turned and
ran back towards Fayetteville with Poole, Gregg and their Bushwhackers hard
on their tails. Unknown to the raiders they had missed a detachment of Union
cavalry that had passed just ahead of the wagon train.
Shelby’s force arrived a few minutes later and took possession of the
abandoned wagons. The advance detachment of Union cavalry, hearing the
shots from the first attack, turned and caught Shelby by surprise. Completely
surrounded and overwhelmed, the Yankee cavalry officer ordered Shelby to
surrender. Shelby’s career as a brilliant Confederate general might have ended
before it started if Poole and Gregg had not given up the chase of the panicked
wagon train escort. Quantrill’s men returned to the wagons in time to stop
Shelby’s surrender and turn the tale again to the rebels’ favor. McCorkle later
claimed that they captured 400 Union soldiers during this encounter. This was
an exaggeration but still they captured a sizable number of prisoners and sent
them back to the Confederate lines. It is reasonable to say that Quantrill’s men
saved the career of Jo Shelby. From that time on Shelby felt he owed
Quantrill’s Raiders a debt of gratitude.
Herron was now warned of the Confederate advance by the wagon train
escort when they returned to Fayetteville. Herron’s men were exhausted by
the long march from Springfield. If General Hindman had pressed his advantage
and attacked Herron in Fayetteville he might well have defeated Herron before
Blunt knew what had happened. The Battle of Prairie Grove might never have
occurred. Instead, General Hindman lost his nerve and stopped his advance
when he reached the Prairie Grove meetinghouse on a ridge overlooking Illinois
Creek between Fayetteville and Cane Hill. Below him to the east lay cornfields
outlined with rail fences that made a zigzag pattern between the fields.
Hindman placed eight thousand of his men along a two-mile front line and
waited for Herron to come to him. At the time, it seemed the Confederates
had all of the advantages. They held the high ground with eight thousand men
against six thousand of Herron’s footsore soldiers while Blunt’s eight thousand
men were eight miles away still expecting the attack at Cane Hill.
Herron’s weary troops reached the battlefield in tight formation. When
the Federals’ big artillery pieces reached the Illinois Creek, the Confederate
artillery opened fire. With one battery pinned down on the banks of the creek,
2
Herron searched for another way across. His engineers quickly cut a road
through the woods and the remaining Federal batteries crossed half a mile
above the first. Immediately, eighteen Union guns began pounding the
Confederate ridge. Hindman turned some of his artillery on the new batteries,
dispersing the shelling over two fronts. The Federals at the first crossing took
advantage of the slack in the bombardment and Union soldiers poured over the
creek, extending their line along the Confederate front below the ridge. The
bombardment continued for two hours before the Yankees attempted an
advance. Hindman decided that a smashing blow now might bring victory and
ordered a counter attack. To his dismay he learned that one entire Arkansas
regiment of conscripts had deserted. Most of the conscripts were loyal to the
Union and the others had little desire to fight. All of the poorly trained
conscripts realized that they were little more than cannon fodder and morale
among them must have been little better than men lined up against a wall to
be executed. Under the circumstances, Hindman cancelled his orders to
counter attack and decided to hold his line. The Federals attempted two more
charges but were repulsed each time. Meanwhile, Union General Herron must
have asked himself, "Where is Blunt?"
Blissfully unaware of the true situation General Blunt continued to wait
through the morning for the attack to come against him at Cane Hill. By eleven
o’clock Blunt was obviously frustrated. No dispatch from Herron had arrived at
Cane Hill, which could only mean that the Rebels had blocked the Fayetteville
Road. It was then that Blunt heard the distant rumble of the artillery battle
eight miles away. Immediately, Blunt realized he had been duped and started
his force on the road towards Fayetteville, but the battlefield was more than a
march of two hours away.
When he finally arrived at the Prairie Groove battlefield, Blunt hurriedly
placed his artillery and fired two rounds. Unfortunately, because Blunt was yet
unfamiliar with the battlefield, the shells landed among Union skirmishers.
General Herron at first believed that the shots were from Confederate
reinforcements, but Hindman knew at once that Blunt had arrived. The
Confederate general hoped to demoralize the newcomers with a charge before
the Union soldiers had a chance to form their line. However, another Arkansas
regiment of conscripts refused to advance towards the enemy. Angry, Hindman
ordered General Marmaduke’s cavalry to drive the Arkansans into action.
Goaded from behind with the tip of cavalry sabers, the Arkansas regiment
advanced reluctantly but of course the charge failed. Blunt was able to form
his line and now the Federals had forty-two guns to spray the Confederates
with grapeshot and cannon shells. The battle raged the rest of the day with
neither side gaining nor losing ground.
A fresh Federal division from Fayetteville was to join Blunt and Herron in
the morning and contingents of Herron’s army continued to arrive at the
battlefield swelling the Union ranks. After the battle, Hindman claimed victory
because his men held their original position on the ridge when the firing ceased
as darkness fell. However, it was soon obvious to all that the Confederates
were defeated. Hindman retreated secretly after dark by wrapping blankets
2
around the wheels of his cannon to muffle the sound as they left the
battlefield.
In the morning, General Hindman sent out a white flag asking for a
twelve-hour truce to tend the wounded and bury the dead, but in reality to
give his troops a twelve-hour head start on their retreat. General Blunt, again
deceived, granted the truce. Men from both sides carried off the dead and
wounded in stretchers and women came on horseback and in wagons to help
both Yankee and Rebel. The real horror of the battle became apparent as these
good Samaritans carried out their duties. They found many of Herron’s Union
soldiers dead without a wound on their bodies. The soldiers had died of
exposure and exhaustion during the cold winter night. During the battle, many
of the wounded and exhausted Yankees crawled into haystacks for warmth and
fell asleep. The shelling caused many of these to catch fire. The flames roasted
alive the wounded and tired soldiers as they slept in their shelters. In the
morning, around the charred haystacks pigs, attracted by the smell of burnt
flesh were devouring the remains of the dead, horribly mutilating the bodies,
dragging heads and limbs about the fields. In the Confederate ranks, many of
the Arkansas conscripts, forced to charge the Union line, were found lying close
together and the ground was muddy from the blood. Most of them had bitten
the bullets off from the cartridges and had fired only blanks at the Union ranks.
They died this way rather than fire on their nation’s flag. They died for their
country wearing the uniform of their enemy. Estimates of the dead from the
battle are about 2,400 to 2,600 men with each side suffering similar numbers
of losses.
The Confederates once again retreated to Van Buren through the Boston
Mountains. John McCorkle had his fill of regular army life and was tired of
fighting losing battles. Shortly after returning to Van Buren he and a friend
decided to return to Missouri. A few others of Quantrill’s original band also
decided to leave, but Sim Whitsett remained with William Gregg in charge.
Quantrill continued to dally in Richmond. What remained of Quantrill’s band
went back into camp at Dripping Springs with a newly arrived contingent of
Texas cavalry.[16]
December 7, 1862: Battle of Hartsville, TN.[17]
December 7, 1862: Battle of Prairie Grove, AR.[18]
December 7, 1862: Being joined by the comrades from Oakland, the expedition returned to Helena, where it arrived the 7th of December. Another expedition was next fitted out under command of General Gorman, an energetic, violent officer, who could not spurn the rich offerings of King Cotton, on account of which innocent weakness he subsequently received a polite dismissal from the service, by being kindly advised to resign. This expedition was intended to co-operate with a force under General Sherman which had previously gone up the Arkansas River. [19]
Wed. December 7, 1864
A fine day got the presidents message
Rained at night and turned cold
(William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary)[20]
November 20-December 7, 1941: Thirty thousand Jews are killed in the Rubula Forest outside Riga, during the so-called Jeckeln Aktion including Flora and Sidonie Gottlieb.[21]
December 7, 1941: Enterprise was completing one such mission, returning to Hawaii after delivering Marine Fighter Squadron 211 (VMF-211) to Wake Island on December 7, 1941, when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor.
World War II[edit]
Pearl Harbor[edit]
Enterprise was returning to Oahu on the morning of December 7, 1941: 18 SBD Dauntlesses of Enterprise squadrons Scouting Squadron Six (VS-6) and Bombing Squadron Six (VB-6) arrived over Pearl Harbor during the Japanese attack and, though surprised, immediately went into action in defense of the naval base. VS-6 lost six planes during the attack, while VB-6 lost one. Several of these planes were shot down by the Japanese; however, at least one plane was lost to heavy antiaircraft (AA) fire, and many more were damaged. At one point a radio report was heard: "Do not attack me, this is Six Baker Three an American plane" and later the same pilot (Ensign Manuel Gonzales of VB-6) was heard ordering his radioman/gunner to prepare for a water landing. Lieutenant C. E. Dickinson and his crewmate William C. Miller of VS-6 shot down one Japanese plane before being forced to bail out after their plane caught fire. Dickinson later made his way to Ford Island to man another plane, and participated in the search for the Japanese fleet. He was recommended for a commendation for "displaying a superb courage, stamina, devotion to duty, unexcelled logic and coolness in action."
Enterprise also launched six F4F Wildcats of Fighting Squadron Six (VF-6) in the wake of the attack; all except two were shot down by shell-shocked AA gunners as they attempted to land on Ford Island that night. The carrier, meanwhile, assembled her remaining aircraft in a fruitless search for the Japanese striking force; the search was to the south and west of Oahu, while the Japanese retired to the northwest.
The Enterprise was awarded a Presidential Unit Citation for her service during World War II.[19] The citation states:
“
For consistently outstanding performance and distinguished achievement during repeated action against enemy Japanese forces in the Pacific war area, December 7, 1941, to November 15, 1942. Participating in nearly every major carrier engagement in the first year of the war, the Enterprise and her air group, exclusive of far-flung destruction of hostile shore installations throughout the battle area, did sink or damage on her own a total of 35 Japanese vessels and shot down a total of 185 Japanese aircraft. Her aggressive spirit and superb combat efficiency are fitting tribute to the officers and men who so gallantly established her as an ahead bulwark in the defense of the American nation.
”
In addition to her Presidential Unit Citation, Enterprise received the Navy Unit Commendation and 20 battle stars for World War II service, making her the highest decorated US ship ever.
Finally, she was presented with a British Admiralty Pennant that was hoisted when a majority of the Admiralty Board members were present. The pennant was given to the Big E as a token of respect from an ally. Enterprise is the only ship outside the Royal Navy to receive the honor in the more than 400 years since its creation.[22]
After midnight, December 7, 1941: The Japanese release midget their midget subs near Pearl Harbor. [23]
1:20 A.M. December 7, 1941Takeo Yoshikawa - His Spy Charts Used in Pearl Attack
Takeo Yoshikawa - His Spy Charts Used in Pearl Attack - Preview Image
Takeo Yoshikawa was known as "Tadasi Moriumura" to everyone but the Japanese Imperial high command. That's because he had a specific job to do at the Pearl Harbor Japanese Consulate - and it wasn't doing consulate work.
During the first part of 1941, Yoshikawa had arrived in Hawaii. Tasked with helping pilots (who had never been to Pearl Harbor) find their individual targets, Yoshikawa created very detailed information and charts.
He worked for nine months, keeping his superiors in Tokyo advised about activities on the island of Oahu. Freely able to move about, wherever he wanted to go, his information was accurate.
Without his input, the surprise attack would have been less deadly - or - may never have occurred (as noted in "Japanese Spy at Pearl Harbor," by Jules Archer):
As Japanese planes roared in to put the finishing touches to America's worst defeat, Takeo Yoshikawa swelled with pride. For he, and he alone, had been responsible for the success of the infamous sneak attack.
If anyone paying attention to all of Takeo's activities had authority to stop him, perhaps the spy would have been caught. Such, however, was not the case. As observed in And I Was There:
Our ONI and FBI agents might have been more suspicious about the role the counsel was playing if they had paid more attention to the peripatetic journeyings of his energetic third secretary, Yoshikawa, alias Morimura.
Actually ... agents were paying attention to all of Yoshikawa's comings and goings. In fact, U.S. military intelligence suspected him of spying. One officer even commented that "Morimura" was able to go unhindered "all over the _ _ place."
Working diligently, the FBI's chief investigator in Honolulu was tracking the 27-year-old Japanese spy, but there wasn't enough evidence to arrest him.
At the time, Hawaii was not-yet an American state. Officials in Washington did not want to risk antagonizing the loyalty of Hawaii's population by arresting a "diplomat" without hard evidence of spy activities. (About 160,000 people of Japanese ancestry lived in Hawaii in 1941.) Suspicions were not enough to stop Yoshikawa from going about his business.
So ... because no one did stop him ... Yoshikawa's spy charts would provide perfect routes of travel for all the comings and goings of Japanese pilots on the 7th of December, 1941.
The night before, the diplomatic spy sent a cable to Tokyo. His message, intended for Admiral Yamamoto, contained these words (in Japanese):
Vessels moored in harbor: Nine battleships; three Class-B cruisers; three seaplane tenders; seventeen destroyers. Entering harbor are four Class-B cruisers; three destroyers. All aircraft carriers and heavy cruisers have departed harbor. No indication of any changes in U.S. fleet.
Later in his life, when he talked about that cable, Yoshikawa said:
I held history in the palm of my hand.
He sent the cable, then went to bed.
Thereafter ... Admiral Yamamoto read the message and sent it on to Vice Admiral Chuichi Nagumo. In charge of the task force then located about 200 miles from the island of Oahu, Nagumo received the communication around 1:20 in the morning, Hawaii time.
It was the final message he needed before authorizing the Pearl Harbor bomb run.
On the morning of December 7, Yoshikawa was listening to a short-wave radio broadcast from Tokyo. During the weather forecast, he heard a reporter very slowly say these words:
East wind, rain.
East wind, rain.
Yoshikawa knew what those code words meant. Japan had decided to start a war against America.
The weatherman's words did not contain any other codes. That meant Japan was not declaring war on Britain or Russia.
Yoshikawa and Japan's counsel in Hawaii knew what they had to do. Federal agents would soon search their offices, so they had to destroy every piece of incriminating evidence, including their code books.[24]
6:40 A.M. Ward
Photo #: NH 97446, USS Ward (DD-139) "A Shot for Posterity, the USS Ward's number three gun and its crew-cited for firing the first shot the day of Japan's raid on Hawaii. Operating as part of the inshore patrol early in the morning of December 7, 1941, this destroyer group spotted a submarine outside Pearl Harbor, opened fire and sank her. Crew members are R.H. Knapp - BM2c - Gun Captain, C.W. Fenton - Sea1c - Pointer, R.B. Nolde - Sea1c - Trainer, A.A. Domagall - Sea1c - No. 1 Loader, D.W. Gruening - Sea1c - No. 2 Loader, J.A. Paick - Sea1c - No. 3 Loader, H.P. Flanagan - Sea1c - No. 4 Loader, E.J. Bakret - GM3c - Gunners Mate, K.C.J. Lasch - Cox - Sightsetter." (quoted from the original 1942-vintage caption) This gun is a 4"/50 type, mounted atop the ship's midships deckhouse, starboard side. Official U.S. Navy Photograph, from the collections of the Naval Historical Center.[25]
http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/0513913.jpg
Painting by Tom Freeman of the destroyer USS Ward opening fire at 6:45 A.M. on a two-man Japanese submarine spotted just outside the entrance to Pearl Harbor. The four-inch shell, the first shot fired in the Pacific War, just misses the conning tower of the midget sub, one of five launched by the Japanese that morning as part of their surprise attack. At 6:54 A.M., the Ward succeeded in sinking the intruder.[26]
http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/pix2/0513936.jpg
Painting by Jim Laurier of the destroyer USS Ward (DD-139) engaging a Japanese midget submarine attempting to enter Pearl Harbor on the morning of December 7, 1941. The first shot of the war was fired by Ward's Number 1 mount, which missed from a range of of about 100yds. A second shot from the Number 3 mount at about 50yds was seen to strike the sail and cause the small submarine to heel over. Ward then dropped depth charges as the submarine dove below the surface. The wreck was discovered in 1,200ft of water in August 2002. Photo and text from "Raid: TORA! TORA! TORA! Pearl Harbor 1941. by Mark E. Stille.[27]
The Captain immediately reported the incident, but the report moved slowly, too slowly throught the chain of command.
7:55 A.M. The sound of approaching aircraft is heard at 7:55 A.M. Soon the sky is filled with 183 Japanese Airplanes
USS Enterprise CV-6
The Most Decorated Ship of the Second World War
1941
Enterprise and planes, 1941
1941 Chronology
Delivers Marine pilots and planes to Wake Island
Nov 28 - Dec 6, 1941
Battle Order Number One Issued
Nov 28, 1941
Pearl Harbor
Dec 7, 1941
U.S. Declares War
Dec 8, 1941
Anti-Submarine Action
Dec 10, 1941
Wake Island Falls
Dec 23, 1941
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Related Links
Enterprise Air Group Action Reports
December 7, 1941
http://www.cv6.org/images/one.gif
"Steady nerves and stout hearts are needed now."
Battle Order Number One
While the events that led up to the outbreak of general World War in 1941 are well understood, the motivations for those events are not always agreed upon, even today, over sixty years later.
By December 1941, Axis armies controlled vast areas in and around Europe: from Italy, Spain and North Africa in the south, east nearly to Moscow, north to the Baltic and west to the Atlantic and North Sea. England, already "stripped to the bone" battling German U-boats and bombers, increasingly depended on American shipping and support for her very survival.
In Asia, for decades tension had grown between the European colonial powers - England, Holland and France - the United States, and Japan: the western powers insisting on the right of unfettered access to China's markets, Japan determined to replace Western colonization with her own brand of "Asia for Asians", and the United States as committed to keeping China free and open, as to not propping up the European colonies.
By 1941, the Allied powers were in general agreement that the first priority must be defeating Germany. American war plans reflected the shift in emphasis from defending American and European possessions in the Pacific, to controlling shipping on the Atlantic and preparing for an invasion of Europe itself. Meanwhile, increasing diplomatic and economic pressure was applied to Japan, aimed at forcing her withdrawal from China, where her armies had been involved in a long series of "incidents" since 1931. Japan, however, would not budge. As the year wore on, President Roosevelt and his diplomats, resigned to inevitable armed conflict with Japan, now simply negotiated for time, estimating that by mid-1942 enough forces could be stationed in the Far East to deter Japan from making a grab for the resource-rich Dutch East Indies and Malaysia.
As part of this build-up, Enterprise shuttled Army Air Force P-39s and P-40s, as well as Navy planes, from West Coast ports to Pearl Harbor, and to outlying detachments on Wake and Guam further west. She departed on her last mission of this sort on November 28 - two days after Japan's Pearl Harbor strike force sailed from Japan - carrying Marine pilots and their planes to Wake Island, flying them off on December 2 before turning east to return to Pearl. Forced to slow by a massive weather system which also sheltered the Japanese Combined Fleet advancing on Oahu, Enterprise missed her expected return date to Pearl Harbor: December 6. Instead, she was 150 miles west when the first Japanese bombs began to fall December 7. Her first notice that war had begun came from one of her own pilots, Ensign Manuel Gonzales, of Scouting Six, flying in to Ford Island Naval Air Station that Sunday morning:
"Please don't shoot! Don't shoot! This is an American plane."
Moments later, he was heard ordering his aircrewman Leonard J. Kozelek to bail out: neither man was ever heard from again.
Ford Island Naval Air Station, Dec. 7, 1941
Scene at Ford Island Naval Air Station, in Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941.
Immediately after the attack, Enterprise was ordered to seek out and attack the Japanese fleet. Faulty intelligence and bad guesses led to her to search the waters southwest of Hawaii, where she found only more American ships. It is just as well, though, as it's unlikely Enterprise alone would have been an even match for the six Japanese fleet carriers now escaping west after the devastating morning raids.
At dusk the following day, Enterprise and her Task Force, low on fuel, crept into Pearl Harbor. Angry and frightened voices called out to her: "You'd better get the hell out of here or the Japs will nail you too." "Where in hell were you?" Working in the dark, in shadows cast by the still-burning Arizona, Enterprise refueled while her men hauled on board provisions brought to the ship by lighters. By 0600 the next morning, she had cleared the harbor channel and returned to the vast Pacific, with room to maneuver, room to run.
It was December 9, 1941, and Enterprise was at war.
December 7, 1941: The Japanese launch a preemptive strike against the U.S. naval fleet at Pearl Harbor.[28] The United States battleships, Arizona, California, Oklahoma, and Utah, are sunk during the surprise attack.[29]
December 7, 1941: VIVID MEMORIES: Pearl Harbor ‘changed a bunch of young boys into men within hours’
For former Navy cook Howard L. Snell, field bread — a sort of flatbread made with a little water — forever will be associated with the attack on Pearl Harbor.
Snell, an 18-year-old apprentice seaman at the time, was at the mess hall finishing breakfast on the morning of Dec. 7, 1941.
The sound of bombs sent him to the window, where he saw fire, smoke and explosions.
“The Oklahoma had already rolled over and started to capsize. I couldn’t fathom what I saw. Then everything seemed to blow up — that was when the Arizona’s magazines blew,” he recalled.
Snell was sent first to the armory, where he was assigned a Springfield rifle.
“I had a .45 on me and I looked like a bandido,” he said. “When the (Japanese) planes came over again, I started shooting. I’d like to say I hit one, but I know I didn’t.”
From there, Snell returned to the armory and was sent to the kitchen to bake field bread — which he did for the next three days.
Snell, who was assigned to the Enterprise, stayed on the carrier until 1943. He then was assigned to the destroyer Morrison, which was sunk by kamikaze planes off Okinawa.
In all, he was involved in 17 major battles in the Pacific.
When he returned to the United States after the war, Snell became a chief sonar technician (submarine) and ended up in naval intelligence. He spent 21 years in the Navy, then 13 years as a civil servant.
Before Pearl Harbor, many sailors seriously underestimated the fighting capabilities of the Japanese. “It changed a bunch of young boys into men within hours,” he said.
“It just changed our whole outlook on life. We couldn’t believe the Japanese would ever attack us. We didn’t think they were good fighters.”
Snell said he is compelled to contribute to his country and his nation — as a way of honoring his many dead shipmates.
“I looked at what our country stood for and I tried to see what I could do to contribute to it,” he said.
“I made a commitment to my shipmates, ‘Doggone it, I’m alive for a reason, and I need to do something worthwhile.’ ” Today, he is Texas state chairman of the Pearl Harbor Survivors Association and president of the San Jacinto (Houston) chapter.
He thinks the public has forgotten that in wartime, people must die for their country.
“People have gotten so spoiled. They thought it was so easy in the Gulf War. This time (the war on terrorism), we’re going to have casualties and we have to expect it. People are going to die for our country.”
— Vivienne Heines[30]
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December 7, 1941: Born in Minnesota, Howard Snell was the youngest of three kids and never knew his father. The family moved to Iowa when he was 13. He joined the Navy in 1941 and was assigned to the USS Enterprise at Pearl Harbor.
On Dec. 7, the aircraft carrier was at sea, but Snell was attending cooking school on the island. He was at breakfast when he heard the noise of the Japanese attack.
Snell remembers running to the fleet landing to see what was happening to see what was happening.
"I couldn't figure out what I was looking at," he said. "It was the Oklahoma. She'd already flipped over."
He lost a lot of friends that day.[31]
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Captured: The 70th Anniversary of Pearl Harbor
Posted Dec 06, 2011
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December 7, 2011 marks the 70th anniversary of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Altogether, 2,390 Americans lost their lives in the attack. Twelve ships sank or were beached, and nine were damaged. The U.S. lost 164 aircraft. The attack broke the backbone of the U.S. Pacific Fleet and forced America out of a policy of isolationism. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced that it was “a date which will live in infamy” and Congress declared war on Japan the morning after. It was the first attack on American territory since 1812.
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A small boat rescues a USS West Virginia crew member from the water after the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on Dec. 7, 1941 during World War II. Two men can be seen on the superstructure, upper center. The mast of the USS Tennessee is beyond the burning West Virginia. (AP Photo) #
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Japanese pilots get instructions aboard an aircraft carrier before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7th, 1941, in this scene from a Japanese newsreel. It was obtained by the U.S. War Department and released to U.S. newsreels. (AP Photo) #
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This December 7, 1941 file photo obtained from the US Naval Historical Center shows the Commanding Officer of the Japanese aircraft carrier Hokaku, watching as planes take off to attack Pearl Harbor, during the morning of December 7, 1941. The Kanji inscription (L) is an exhortation to pilots to do their duty. (HO/AFP/Getty Images) #
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Japanese soldiers wave at a plane from under their flag December 7, 1941 just before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (Photo by Getty Images) #
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This picture, taken by a Japanese photographer, shows how American ships are clustered together before the surprise Japanese aerial attack on Pearl Harbor, on Sunday morning, December 7, 1941. Minutes later the full impact of the assault was felt and Pearl Harbor became a flaming target. (AP Photo) #
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A Japanese bomber, its diving flaps down, was photographed by a U.S. Navy photographer as the plane approached its Pearl Harbor objective on December 7. (AP Photo) #
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The USS Shaw explodes during the Japanese raid on Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941. (Photo by Newsmakers/National Archive) #
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First Army photos of the bombing of Hickam Field, Hawaii, December 7, 1941. Wreckage of barracks from parade ground off Hangar Ave. (Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.) #
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Officers' wives, investigating explosion and seeing smoke pall in distance on December 7, 1941, heard neighbor Mary Naiden, then an Army hostess who took this picture, exclaim "There are red circles on those planes overhead. They are Japanese!" Realizing war had come, the two women, stunned, start toward quarters. (AP Photo/Mary Naiden) #
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Ford Island is seen in this aerial view during the Japanese attack on Pearl harbor December 7, 1941 in Hawaii. The photo was taken from a Japanese plane. (Photo by Getty Images) #
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U.S. Sailors stand amid wreckage watching as the USS Shaw explodes December 7, 1941 on Ford Island, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii during the Japanese attack. (Photo by Getty Images) #
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A Japanese bomber on a run over Pearl Harbor, Hawaii is shown during the surprise attack of December 7, 1941. Black smoke rises from American ships in the harbor. Below is a U.S. Army air field. (AP Photo) #
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USS Arizona, at height of fire, following Japanese aerial attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.) #
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This December 7th file image shows an aerial view of battleships of the US Pacific Fleet consumed by the flames in its home base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii after 360 Japanese warplanes made a massive surprise attack. (HO/AFP/Getty Images) #
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The USS Arizona burns during the bombing of Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941 in Hawaii. (Photo courtesy of U.S. Navy/Newsmakers) #
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The US Pacific Fleet burns in its home base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii after 360 Japanese warplanes made a massive surprise attack, December 7, 1941. (Photo credit should read STF/AFP/Getty Images) #
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White House reporters are dashing for the telephones, on December 7, 1941, after they had been told by presidential press secretary Stephen T. Early that Japanese submarines and planes had just bombed the U.S. Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (AP Photo) #
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Three U.S. battleships are hit from the air during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Japan's bombing of U.S. military bases at Pearl Harbor brings the U.S. into World War II. From left are: USS West Virginia, severely damaged; USS Tennessee, damaged; and USS Arizona, sunk. (AP Photo) #
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Japanese planes over Hawaii during the attack on Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941, are shown in this scene from a Japanese newsreel. The film was obtained by the U.S. War Department and released to U.S. newsreels. (AP Photo) #
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Battered by aerial bombs and torpedoes, the U.S.S. California settles slowly into the mud and muck of Pearl Harbor. Clouds of black oily smoke pouring up from the California and her stricken sister ships conceal all but the hulk of the capsized U.S.S. Oklahoma at extreme right. (Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, DC) #
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A Japanese dive bomber goes into its last dive as it heads toward the ground in flames after it was hit by Naval anti-aircraft fire during surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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American ships burn during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1942. (AP Photo) #
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Two ships are seen burning after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on December 7, 1941 during World War II. (AP Photo) #
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Heavy black smoke billows as oil fuel burns from shattered tanks on ships that were hit during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on December 7, 1941 during World War II. Visible through the murk is the U.S. battleship Maryland, center, and the hulk of the capsized USS Oklahoma to the right of it. (AP Photo/U.S. Navy) #
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The battleship USS West Virginia is seen afire after the Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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Sailors stand among wrecked airplanes at Ford Island Naval Air Station as they watch the explosion of the USS Shaw in the background, during the Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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The battleship USS Arizona belches smoke as it topples over into the sea during a Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, December 7, 1941. The ship sank with more than 80 percent of its 1,500-man crew, including Rear Admiral Isaac C. Kidd. The attack, which left 2,343 Americans dead and 916 missing, broke the backbone of the U.S. Pacific Fleet and forced America out of a policy of isolationism. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced that it was "a date which will live in infamy" and Congress declared war on Japan the morning after. This was the first attack on American territory since 1812. (AP Photo) #
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Struck by two battleships and two big bombs, the USS California, right, settles to the bottom during the Japanese sneak attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 during World War II. (AP Photo) #
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USS West Virginia aflame. Disregarding the dangerous possibilities of explosions, United States sailors man their boats at the side of the burning battleship, USS West Virginia, to better fight the flames started by Japanese torpedoes and bombs. (Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.) #
9:45 A.M. The skies cleared of Japanese planes, but were choked with smoke and death. 8 american battleships were either sunk or badly damaged. More than 2400 people were killed. [32]
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Firemen and civilians rush to the scene with fire hoses to save homes and stores in the Japanese and Chinese sections of Honolulu, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. As Japanese aviators rained bombs on Pearl Harbor, starting war in the Pacific, offshore properties are also wrecked and burned. (AP Photo) #
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Students of the Lunalilo High School in the Waikiki district of Honolulu watch their school burn after the roof of the main building, at center, is hit by a bomb during the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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Rescue workers help evacuate the Lunalilo High School in Honolulu after the roof of the main building was hit by a bomb during the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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Wreckage, identified by the U.S. Navy as a Japanese torpedo plane , was salvaged from the bottom of Pearl Harbor following the surprise attack December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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The wing of a Japanese bomber shot down on the grounds of the Naval Hospital at Honolulu, Hawaii, December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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The shattered wreckage of American planes bombed by the Japanese in their attack on Pearl Harbor is strewn on Hickam Field, December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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Wreckage of USS Arizona, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, December 7, 1941. (Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.) #
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First Army photos of the bombing of the Hickam Field, Hawaii, December 7, 1941. Wreckage of Japanese plane shot down near CCC camp in Wahiawa. (Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.) #
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Wrecked P-40 airplane, at Bellows Field, machine-gunned on the ground, during the bombing of Hickam Field, Hawaii. (Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.) #
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Heavy damage is seen on the destroyers, USS Downes (DD-375) and USS Cassin (DD-372), stationed at Pearl Harbor after the Japanese attack on the Hawaiian island, December 7, 1941. (AP Photo/U.S. Navy) #
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The jumbled mass of wreckage in front of the battleship USS Pennsylvania constitutes the remains of the destroyers USS Downes and USS Cassin, bombed by the Japanese December 7, 1941 during the raid on Pearl Harbor. (Photo by Getty Images) #
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A small crowd inspects the damage, both inside and outside, after a Japanese bomb hit the residence of Paul Goo during the raid on Honolulu December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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A mass of twisted metal wreckage lay along a Honolulu street after the city had been attacked by Japanese planes December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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A damaged B-17C bomber sits on the tarmac near Hangar Number 5 at Hickam Field December 7, 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (Photo by Getty Images) #
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This is one of the first pictures of the Japanese raid on Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941. A P-40 plane which was machine-gunned while on the ground. (AP Photo) #
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The USS Oklahoma, lying capsized in the harbor following the Japanese attack of December 7, 1941. (Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.) #
December 7, 1941:
Spy Chart - Found in Downed Japanese Attack Plane
Spy Chart - Found in Downed Japanese Attack Plane - Preview Image
Takeo Yoshikawa provided detailed charts to the Japanese Imperial High Command, as depicted in this recovered document. The U.S. Navy Historical Center provides more information on this official U.S. Navy photograph:
Recovered from a Japanese Navy aircraft downed during the attack on Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941.
The chart identifies ship mooring locations and is entitled (at upper left): "Report on positions of enemy fleet at anchorage A". Code at left represents ship types (Letter figures are written in katakana: "A" - battleship; "I" - aircraft carrier; "E" - cruiser; "U" - special service ship; "O" - light cruiser. Mooring locations are coded with paired katakana figures or with katakana plus an arabic numeral, but do not specifically identify the ship types moored there.[33]
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White House reporters listen to the radio in the White House press room as Japan declared war on the U.S., December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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"Japanese cabinet meets in emergency session," is the bulletin shown in Times Square's news zipper in lights on the New York Times building, New York, December 7, 1941. (AP Photo/Robert Kradin) #
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Employees of the Japanese Embassy in Washington close the main gates to their building after the announcement by the White House that Japan had attacked Pearl Harbor, a U.S. possession in the Pacific, December 7, 1941. (AP Photo) #
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Unidentified Japanese men, taken into custody under an order issued by Pres. Franklin Roosevelt, enter the Federal Building in New York, December 7, 1941, accompanied by agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. (AP Photo/Matty Zimmerman) #
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A crowd gathers in the street outside the Japanese Embassy in Washington soon after the bombing attacks on Hawaii and the declaration of war on the U.S., December 7, 1941. (AP Photo/Max Desfor) #
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A Marine stands guard outside the Capitol in Washington, following the Japanese declaration of war on the United States, December 7, 1941. Aiding the Marines were Capitol police. (AP Photo) #
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A crowd of young men enlist in the Navy in San Francisco, Calif., December 7, 1941, at the Federal Office Building. (AP Photo) #
December 7, 1942
The Soviets gain bridegeheads over the River Chir and threaten German aire bases in the Soviet Union.[34]
Convoy 64, December 7, 1943
This convoy is numbered 64 because of a German mix-up in the files with the convoy of December 17, which is numbered 63. It (Convoy 64) carried 575 males and 422 females. The age composition of the youth was similar to Convoy 62, with 161 people under 18, of whom 106 were children under 12.
Also deported with this convoy was Raymond-Raoul Lambert, 49, President of the IGIF, his wife Simone, 39, and their four children. Their deportation at this time was due to the protests of Mr. Lambert to the Vichy Government (document XXVII-36, of August 15, 1943. [35]
Raymond-Raoul Lamberts Diary has been among the most important untranslated records of the experience of French Jews in the Holocaust. Lambert, a leader of the Union of French Jews (UGIF), was, in the words of the historian Michael Marrus, “arguably the most important Jewish official in contact with the Vichy government and the Germans.” Lambert’s Diary survived the war and was published in France in 1985. It reveals Lambert’s efforts to save the Jews in France, particularly the children.[36] The book is titled “Diary of a Witness, 1940-1943”, Ivan R. Dee, Publisher. ISBN: 1-56663-740-6/978-1-56663-740-4.
On November 30, Rothke had telexed to Eichmann that he was scheduling a convoy of 1,000 Jews for December 7 (XLIX-59). On December 3, Gunther, Eichmann’s assistant, telexed Berlin’s consent for this convoy (XLIX-33). On December 4, Hagen and Oberg contacted Himmler to advise him of the departure of the convoy (SLIX-33). The routine telex was signed by Rothke; the convoy left December 7 at 12:10 AM with 1,000 Jews from Paris/Bobigny, under the supervision of Lieutenant Wannenmacher (XLIX-32a).
There were at least four escapes en route to Auschwitz, among them that of Cesar Chamy, who was later recaptured and escaped a second time on August 17, 1944.
When they arrived in Auschwitz, 267 men were selected and received numbers 167442 through 167708. Seventy two women received numbers 70184 through 70255. The rest, 657, were gassed upon arrival.
On board Convoy 64 on December 7, 1943 was Fanny Gotlib born December 6, 1904 from St. Denis.[37]
In 1945 there were 50 survivors, two of them women.[38]
December 7, 1946: Michael Anthony Roosevelt (born December 7, 1946).[39]
December 7, 1978: In Iran large numbers of foreigners crowded the airport at Tehran in an attempt to leave. The numbers who had left over the past ten weeks were estimated at 8,000 including 5,500 Americans.[40]
December 7, 1980: Jimmy Carter warns Soviets against military intervention in Poland.[41]
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[42]
Herbert Weatherwax of Kailua, Hawaii, wears a bronze star on his Pearl Harbor survivors cap at the 62nd Commemoration of the attack on Pearl Harbor, Sunday, December 7, 2003, at the USS Arizona Memorial in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (AP Photo/Lucy Pemoni) #
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While standing in front of the partially submerged USS Arizona, Pearl Harbor survivor Edward F. Borucki unveils a banner aboard the USS Arizona Memorial marking the 65th anniversary of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Thursday, December 7, 2006, in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (AP Photo/Marco Garcia) #
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World War II Japanese military pilot Zenji Abe touches a memorial wall listing the dead from the 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, during a ceremony commemorating the 65th anniversary of the event, Thursday, December 7, 2006 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Abe was part of the second wave of dive bombers that attacked Battleship Row 65 years ago today. (AP Photo/Marco Garcia) #
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Paul Goodyear, 88, of Casa Grande, Ariz., bows his head in prayer during the ground breaking ceremony for the USS Oklahoma memorial on Ford Island in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, Thursday, December 7, 2006. (AP Photo/Lucy Pemoni) #
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About 4,000 people participate in the 65th anniversary commemoration of the the attack on Pearl Harbor, Thursday, December 7, 2006, in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (AP Photo/Lucy Pemoni) #
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U.S. Sen. Daniel Inouye, D-Hawaii, a World War II medal of honor recipient, salutes during the 67th Anniversary of Pearl Harbor Commemoration in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, Sunday, December 7, 2008. (AP Photo/Lucy Pemoni) #
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Pearl Harbor survivors are honored during the 68th anniversary ceremony of the attack at Pearl Harbor, Monday, December 7, 2009 at Pearl Harbor Naval Base in Honolulu. (AP Photo/Marco Garcia) #
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A World War II Japanese "suicide torpedo" is exhibited at the Pearl Harbor historical site and memorial in Honolulu, Hawaii, on November 9, 2011. On December 07, 2011, the US will mark the 70th anniversary of the attack conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the US naval base at Pearl Harbor. (EMMANUEL DUNAND/AFP/Getty Images) #
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Military veteran Allen Bodenlos, 90, (R) talks to members of a U.S. Marine firing detail during a memorial service for the 69th anniversary of the attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu on December 7, 2010 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. On the morning of December 7, 1941 a surprise military attack was conducted by aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy against the U.S. Pacific Fleet being moored in Pearl Harbor becoming a major catalyst for the United States entering World War II. In the devastating attack over 2,400 people were killed and thousands wounded, and dozens of Navy vessels with were either sunk or destroyed. (Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images) #
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Veterans Arthur Herriford and DeWayne Chartier speak during a memorial service for 69th anniversary of the attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu on December 7, 2010 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. On the morning of December 7, 1941 a surprise military attack was conducted by aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy against the U.S. Pacific Fleet being moored in Pearl Harbor becoming a major catalyst for the United States entering World War II. In the devastating attack over 2,400 people were killed and thousands wounded, and dozens of Navy vessels with were either sunk or destroyed. (Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images) #
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Arthur Herriford and Hawaii Governor Neil Abercrombie untie the Maile lei dedicating a new Visitor Center on the 69th anniversary of the attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu on December 7, 2010 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. On the morning of December 7, 1941 a surprise military attack was conducted by aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy against the U.S. Pacific Fleet being moored in Pearl Harbor becoming a major catalyst for the United States entering World War II. In the devastating attack over 2,400 people were killed and thousands wounded, and dozens of Navy vessels with were either sunk or destroyed. (Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images) #
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U.S. Marine Dwight Hanson talks to Pearl Harbor survivor John Latko during a memorial service for 69th anniversary of the attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu on December 7, 2010 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. On the morning of December 7, 1941 a surprise military attack was conducted by aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy against the U.S. Pacific Fleet being moored in Pearl Harbor becoming a major catalyst for the United States entering World War II. In the devastating attack over 2,400 people were killed and thousands wounded, and dozens of Navy vessels with were either sunk or destroyed. (Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images) #
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Veteran Bernard Comito, Howard Snell, and Ray Brittain salute the colors as they are presented during the singing of the National Anthem at a memorial service for 69th anniversary of the attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu on December 7, 2010 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. On the morning of December 7, 1941 a surprise military attack was conducted by aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy against the U.S. Pacific Fleet being moored in Pearl Harbor becoming a major catalyst for the United States entering World War II. In the devastating attack over 2,400 people were killed and thousands wounded, and dozens of Navy vessels with were either sunk or destroyed. (Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images) #
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Survivors and current military personnel stand at attention during a memorial service for 69th anniversary of the attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu on December 7, 2010 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. On the morning of December 7, 1941 a surprise military attack was conducted by aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy against the U.S. Pacific Fleet being moored in Pearl Harbor becoming a major catalyst for the United States entering World War II. In the devastating attack over 2,400 people were killed and thousands wounded, and dozens of Navy vessels with were either sunk or destroyed. (Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images) #
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Veterans Bill Murhleb, Shirley Herriford, and Arthur Herriford speak during a memorial service for 69th anniversary of the attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu on December 7, 2010 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. On the morning of December 7, 1941 a surprise military attack was conducted by aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy against the U.S. Pacific Fleet being moored in Pearl Harbor becoming a major catalyst for the United States entering World War II. In the devastating attack over 2,400 people were killed and thousands wounded, and dozens of Navy vessels with were either sunk or destroyed. (Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images) #
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National Park Service Ranger Gary Jackson, veteran Woodrow Derby of USS Nevada, and Petty Officer Brooke Cannon attend a memorial service for 69th anniversary of the attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu on December 7, 2010 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images) #
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Pearl Harbor Survivor Louis Contor greets National Park Historian Daniel A. Martinez aboard the USS Arizona Memorial during a memorial service for the 69th anniversary of the attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu on December 7, 2010 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. (Photo by Kent Nishimura/Getty Images) #
December 7, 2011
12/7/2011 6:00:00 AM
Pearl Harbor vets recall 'Day of Infamy'
Ahron Sherman/MinerChief Petty Officer Howard Snell.
Ahron Sherman/Miner
Chief Petty Officer Howard Snell.
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Ahron Sherman/MinerStaff Sergeant Leo Stewart.
Ahron Sherman/Miner
Staff Sergeant Leo Stewart.
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Ahron Sherman
Miner Staff Reporter
KINGMAN - Japan shocked America when it attacked Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941, but for U.S. military personnel in Hawaii at the time, the initial shock wore off rather quickly - it was time to get to work.
Today is the 70th anniversary of a day that catapulted America into World War II. As each anniversary widens the gap of time between now and then, the amount of Pearl Harbor survivors sharing their stories with us does the opposite, as many of the men and women who were there have passed away. Few Pearl Harbor survivors remain in Mohave County, but here are the stories of two of them.
Chief Petty Officer Howard Snell, United States Navy
Howard Snell grew up without a father in Minnesota. When he joined the military, he found the home he never had.
"I loved it," Snell said. "I loved boot camp, and I loved the chow - I thought it was the greatest thing since sliced bread."
Snell, a carrier sailor on the USS Enterprise CV6, was attending cooks and bakers school at Pearl Harbor's submarine base at the time of the attack.
He came down for breakfast that fateful morning. A series of explosions interrupted his meal. He left the mess hall and ran down to a landing. He could see battleship row, but couldn't quite make out what was going on.
"There was a giant explosion, and I realized the Arizona was being attacked. The Oklahoma had capsized and was laying belly up," Snell said. "I thought the (Japanese) were landing."
The submarine base armory was opened up, and Snell was given a Springfield rifle and a .45-calibur pistol.
"I was a regular bandito," said Snell, who was 18 at the time. "I was ready."
As the second wave of Japanese planes, which continued to bomb the American fleet, flew directly over the submarine base, Snell shot at the planes with his rifle.
"I don't think I hit any of them," he said. "But I took my shots."
The first wave of the attack neutralized the airfields, and the second focused on the ships. Snell said it's a good thing there wasn't a third wave, as it would've taken out submarines, oil tanks and dry docks, "setting us back at least six months."
The Enterprise came back in the next day for stores and fuel, went out and returned a few weeks later - that's when Snell got back on. At that point, the ship set course of the Pacific Theatre.
Snell earned eight Battle Stars on the Enterprise - the most decorated ship in American history - most coming from island battles such Wake, Marcus and Midway.
"We won a decisive battle at Midway," Snell said. "We sank four of their carriers."
Those same four carriers had taken part in the attack on Pearl Harbor. The Battle of Midway turned the tide of the war, Snell said. To that point, Japanese forces had more than held their own.
Snell ended up on the USS Morrison DD-560 during the latter half of 1943. Later that year, the ship was raided off the coast of Okinawa. There, four kamikazes maneuvered through heavy fire to explode into the destroyer - the fourth was the Morrison's death knell. The ship sunk and more than 150 med perished, Snell said.
Decades later, survivors from the Morrison bring up the 36 gallons of raspberry ice cream Snell made the night before the attack. Only a select few were lucky enough to taste the batch, as it went down with the ship.
After WWII, Snell moved from the kitchens to Undersea Warfare Naval Intelligence - he helped make submarines quieter during the Cold War. It was there that after 13 years in the Navy, he made Chief.
"I had a great career," Snell said. "I've been honored too much - I'm just an old country boy."
Snell has remained active with the Pearl Harbor Survivors Association, putting more than 275,000 miles on his truck traveling around the country on business with the group. He helped raise a flag at Normandy, France in 2008 to honor 1,068 Navy men that died there during D-Day as well.
Snell moved from South Carolina to Kingman recently and married Marjorie Breer, who he met on Eharmony. They have a trip to Hawaii planned for next year.
"Home is whatever port I'm in," Snell said.
Staff Sergeant Leo Stewart, U.S. Army Air Corps
In the weeks leading up to the attack on Pearl Harbor, Golden Valley resident Leo Stewart, who had worked in the Wheeler Airfield aircraft instrument shop, was put on guard duty.
"I wanted out of there," Stewart said. "I hated guard duty."
Stewart wanted out so much that he demanded either a transfer or officer candidate school. His Company Officer submitted an application to officer candidate school for Stewart, and he was accepted.
Stewart went on duty at midnight on the Dec. 7. Once his shift ended, he made a beeline toward the barracks with nothing on his mind but sleep. Just as he was dozing off, he heard a lot of airplanes flying overhead. Being the airplane junky that he was, he postponed sleep and went outside to have a look.
As he stood there gawking at the planes, he saw an explosion in the distance. Initially, he thought an American plane had crashed. He started hollering that there had been an accident when he saw a plane fashioned with a rising sun insignia on the fuselage drop several bombs on a hangar and several planes. Planes were lined in rows in front of hangars all over the Wheeler, Stewart said.
"We're under attack!" he yelled, as he made a break for the barracks.
The planes circled north, came back and started strafing the planes in front of the hangars, Stewart said. Stewart was right in the middle of the first wave of Japanese attacks.
During the commotion, Stewart sent a man - with blood leaking from his head and left shoulder - off to the dispensary and found a relatively safe spot for some officers' wives. He started making his way back to the barracks when a plane came directly at him. He dove behind a concrete wall no larger than 2 feet high as the plane opened fire. Bullets whizzed over the top of Stewart. Within moments the plane was gone.
"A bullet was spinning on the sidewalk," Stewart said. "I picked it up and put it in my pocket for some reason; everything was going in slow motion."
Later, while Stewart was with a group planning to shoot at Japanese airplanes with rifles, a Major drove up and demanded Stewart and two others come with him. They went up to headquarters and set up a .30-caliber machine gun on the front lawn. Once they were through setting it up darkness approached, and the same Major took him to a drainage tunnel and told him to stop anyone from entering the tunnel, as he feared saboteurs.
Stewart remained at the tunnel for the next two days. He can't remember eating, drinking water or even relieving himself.
"To hell with this," he told himself on the morning of the 9th. He grabbed his rifle and headed to the guardhouse. "I was so tired that I didn't give a damn if they shot me or not."
"Where the hell have you been," his CO greeted him.
The CO was angry that the Major had taken his men without telling him. When Stewart wasn't there for roll call, officers listed him as missing in action.
In the coming days, Stewart returned to the once-immaculate machine shop and found it destroyed. He and others began cleaning it up, putting the pieces back together.
One day, Stewart was working on a P-40 when a Jeep showed up, and the driver demanded he go see the CO.
Stewart was ordered to pack all his personal belongings, and he was taken to the consolidated barracks. There, more than 20 guys were set up on cots. They were forced to stay there, with the windows blocked off, for three days when two trucks showed up. The men were loaded into the truck and then put on a ship.
"I wound up at Midway Island after the battle," Stewart said. "We were in charge of aircraft and on the island for six months."
In 1942, Stewart returned to the states where he transferred to the 58th Bomb Squadron. He helped train navigators as a crew member, and eventually went to engine and aircraft school, which bumped him up to crew chief.
After more training, the squadron was shipped off to Canton Island.
"The very first night I was there we were attacked," Stewart said.
During a fish fry one evening, the men heard booming but no sirens. An officer walked in dressed like Rambo and informs them that they're under attack. A Japanese submarine was shelling them from the sea.
Stewart moved from island to island, with stops at Terawa and Makin.
Stewart spent about three-and-a-half years overseas during the war.
"I lost quite a few friends," he said after naming several of them. "We lost a third of our squadron - most of them flying personnel.
Stewart thought back to Pearl Harbor: "Those pilots were good; they got every (single) one of our planes. We never got a plane up. They said 70 planes attacked Wheeler Field."
After Japan surrendered, Stewart was honorably discharged from the military; he had decided against officer school.
Like Snell, Stewart became active with the Pearl Harbor Survivors Association, holding several positions with the local chapter - including president.
"I'm glad I went through (Pearl Harbor and WWII), but I wouldn't want to do it again," Stewart said.
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By Lorne Rozovsky More articles... | RSS Listing of Newest Articles by this Author
Lorne E. Rozovsky is a Lawyer, author, educator, a health management consultant and an inquisitive Jew. He could be contacted via his web site rozovsky.com.
This article is based on the author's article which originally appeared in The Jewish News, Richmond, Virginia.
The content on this page is copyrighted by the author, publisher and/or Chabad.org, and is produced by Chabad.org.
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
October 16, 2012
James Marugg
Posted October 24, 2012 at 10:40 am
JMarugg now.tif
January 22, 1937 – October 16, 2012
James Marugg, age 75, of Marion and Cedar Rapids and formerly of Monticello, died Tuesday, October 16, 2012 at Willow Gardens Care Center, following an extended illness.
Funeral services were held at 11 a.m. Friday, October 19, 2012 at First Presbyterian Church, Monticello, where friends called after 10 a.m. Interment was in Oakwood Cemetery, Monticello, with military honors. Rev. Al Polito officiated at the services.
James D. Marugg was born January 22, 1937, in Richland Township, Jones County, Iowa. He was the son of Fritz and Ethel Winch, Marugg Sr. Jim graduated from Monticello Community Schools. He served in the Iowa National Guard. He worked for Iowa Steel. He was later employed at Wilson Foods.
James married Patricia Plot in January of 1974. They lived in Carey, Ohio and in Tennessee, prior to her death in 1984. Jim later returned to Iowa, where he lived with and cared for his mother, Ethel, in Monticello. He enjoyed hunting, fishing and gambling.
Surviving is his daughter, Sheri Boes; two granddaughters, Kristeen Barth and Kaylee Patrick, all of Sycamore, Ohio; a brother, John (Nadine) Marugg, Hopkinton; four sisters, Mary (Carl) Kleitsch, Monticello, Margaret Faust, Edgewood, Helen (David) Bader-Sackett, Anamosa, Charlotte (Dale) Lowery, Fostoria, Ohio; four sisters-in-law, Darlene Marugg, Monticello, Irene Marugg, Carey, Ohio, Peggy Marugg, Marion Marugg, both of Franklin, Kent.; his aunt, Lois Gieger, Waterloo; several nieces and nephews; and special friends who rescued Jim after the flood in 2008, Sue and Jim Hutchens.
He was preceded in death by his parents and four brothers, Richard, Robert, Russell, and Fritz.
Goettsch Funeral Home, Monticello, is in charge of the arrangements. Thoughts, memories and condolences may be left at www.goettschonline.com.
JMarugg then.tif
[47]
SAT Delay Used For Israel Bashing Exercise
October 22, 2012 12:46by Simon Plosker
http://honestreporting.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/harvardcrimson-322x56.jpgOn October 16, Lena Awwad and Shatha Hussein wrote in the Harvard Crimson:
As countless students around the world took the SAT a week ago, Palestinians from the West Bank could not join their ranks. The October SAT exam was cancelled for students in the West Bank: The Israeli authorities held the exams sent by the College Board for weeks, not releasing the tests to AMIDEAST’s office in Ramallah.
According to them, “This latest SAT episode is merely a symptom of systematic attacks on Palestinian education.”
Indeed, it’s all too easy to attribute anything and everything to Israeli malevolence towards the Palestinians. Sometimes, however, the truth is rather more mundane, as reported by the AP only four days later:
The US State Department said dozens of Palestinian students whose SAT exams were delayed because of Israeli customs will take the test this Saturday.
State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said Wednesday that about 100 students in the West Bank will sit the exam this weekend.
“I’m happy to say that we have learned that this issue has now been resolved,” Nuland said.
Mahmoud Amara, a Palestinian principal of the Friends School, said the rare two-week delay affected his students’ ability to apply for American universities. He said US officials told them the delay was because the exams arrived during a series of Jewish holidays, when Israeli customs offices were closed.
So, despite the Harvard Crimson’s accusations that Palestinian students have been deliberately targeted, the SAT exams have not been cancelled and those students affected were the victims of something that most Israelis have experienced more than once – simple inefficient bureaucracy.
Those SAT exams were evidently delayed by two weeks. How long will it take the Harvard Crimson to publish a clarification?[48]
John Wood
May 4, 1939 - November 18, 2012
Wood, John (aka Tim), age 73, of Tellico Plains, passed away Sunday morning, November 18, 2012 at Sweetwater Hospital. Member of Center Presbyterian Church. Was born & raised in Knoxville. A retired Delta Airlines Captain. Veteran of U.S. Air Force serving 2 tours in the Vietnam War. Survivors, wife, Sandra Roberts Wood, Daughter & son-in-law, Lyca Wood Loy & Rob Loy, Hallam, Nebraska, Son & daughter-in-law, J. & Julie Wood, Webster, Florida, Grandsons, Jordan & Brandon Loy, Brother & sister-in-law, Charles Russ & Lucy Zemp, Kingsport, 4 nieces & 1 nephew. Preceded in death by parents, John Wood, Sr. & Lycebeth Goodlove Wood. Memorial service 4 P.M. Saturday, Center Presbyterian Church, Rev. Jon Farone & Rev. John Rogers officiating. Family will receive friends 3-4 P.M. Saturday at Center Presbyterian Church. Arrangements by Biereley-Hale Funeral Home, Tellico Plains.
[49]
Friday, December 7, 2012
Veteran Recalls Pearl Harbor Attack
By Alex Ashlock
http://hereandnow.wbur.org/files/2012/12/1207_pearl-harbor1-624x442.jpg
In this photo provided by the U.S. Navy, a Navy launch pulls up to the blazing USS West Virginia to rescue a sailor, Dec. 7, 1941, during the attack on Pearl Harbor (U.S. Navy/AP)
It’s estimated that around 1,000 veterans of World War II die every day. Some of those passing were on the Hawaiian island Oahu 71 years ago today, Dec. 7, 1941.
It was around 8 a.m. that Sunday morning when Japanese planes screamed out of the sky, hitting the U.S. airfields and the battleships docked in the harbor.
http://hereandnow.wbur.org/files/2012/12/1207_pearl-harbor-300x249.jpg
Navy veteran Howard Snell was on Oahu the day the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. (Kingman Daily Miner)
Howard Snell, who was born in Minnesota, was an 18-year-old Navy chief petty officer. He was assigned to the aircraft carrier USS Enterprise, which was out at sea that morning. Snell was left on Oahu, where he was attending the cook’s and baker’s school at the submarine base, when the bombs started to fall.
“It was mayhem,” Snell told Here & Now. “All I saw was smoke, oil slicks and explosions, and as a young man I couldn’t comprehend that.”
Snell, who now lives in Kingman, Ariz., survived the attack and went on to serve on the USS Enterprise during the Battle of Midway in June 1942. He was also on the USS Morrison when that U.S. destroyer was sunk by Japanese kamikazes on May 4, 1945.
Snell is one of the shrinking number of American vets who survived Pearl Harbor. That’s why he’s active in the organization, the Sons And Daughter of Pearl Harbor Survivors, which is holding its convention in San Diego right now.
“This is the first convention. Their idea is that we’re going to carry on and now it’s the grandsons and granddaughters that are carrying on,” Snell said.
There were 15 Congressional Medal of Honors awarded for bravery during the attack on Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941. One of them went, posthumously, to man from Charlotte, Mich., named Francis Charles Flaherty.
Ensign Flaherty was on the USS Oklahoma, which started to capsize when it was hit by three torpedoes. As more torpedoes hit, he stayed in one of the Oklahoma’s turrets, providing light so the other members of the turret crew could escape. He went down with his ship.
The last thing Snell said to us was “go Navy.” The Midshipmen play Army in the annual football rivalry game between the two service academies Saturday in Philadelphia.[50]
January 20, 2012: I get Email!
-----Original Message-----
From: Mari Sutton
To: jefferygoodlove
Sent: Sun, Jan 20, 2013 11:50 am
Subject: RE: Family History
Hi Jeff,
Thanks for your interest in my book. Please feel free to contact me again if you have any questions. Best wishes to you for a happy, healthy, and prosperous New Year.
Sincerely,
Maria Sutton
Author
The Night Sky: A Journey from Dachau to Denver and Back
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] M E M O I R S OF C LAN F I N G O N BY REV. DONALD D. MACKINNON, M.A. Circa 1888
[2] Trial by Fire, by Harold Rawlings, page 136.
[3] http://www.tudor-history.com/about-tudors/tudor-timeline/
[4] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[5] Lieutenant Rueffer, Enemy Views by Bruce Burgoyne, pgs. 244-245.
[6] www.frontierfolk.net/ramsha_research/families/Stephenson.rtf
[7] http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cmoore/crawford.htm
[8] http://secondwi.com/wisconsinpeople/mrs_louis_harvey.htm
[9] The Papers of Andrew Jackson, Volume V, 1821-1824
[10] http://www.milestonedocuments.com/document_detail.php?id=49&more=timeline
[11] We Shall Remain:Trail of Tears, 4/27/2009, WTTW
[12] http://search.yahoo.com/search?fr=mcafee&p=how+is+george+washington+related+to+all+50+presidents
[13] http://search.yahoo.com/search?fr=mcafee&p=how+is+george+washington+related+to+all+50+presidents
[14] http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/u/d/Penny-J-Gudgeon/ODT6-0001.html
[15] http://search.yahoo.com/search?fr=mcafee&p=how+is+george+washington+related+to+all+50+presidents
[16] http://www.whitsett-wall.com/Documents/James%20Simeon%20Whitsett,%20Civil%20War%20Guerrilla.pdf
James Simeon Whitsett, 1925
By Ronald N. Wall
Florence, Arizona 2005
James Simeon Whitsett, Quantrill Raider
[17] State Capital Memorial, Austin, TX, February 11, 2012
[18] State Capital Memorial, Austin, TX, February 11, 2012
[19] http://www.mobile96.com/cw1/Vicksburg/TFA/24Iowa-1.html
[20] Annotated by Jeffery Lee Goodlove
[21] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1769
[22] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Enterprise_(CV-6)
[23] Myth of Pearl Harbor, MIL
[24] http://www.awesomestories.com/asset/view/Takeo-Yoshikawa-His-Spy-Charts-Used-in-Pearl-Attack0
[25] http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/139.htm
[26] http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/139.htm
[27] http://www.navsource.org/archives/05/pix2/0513936.jpg
[28] Doolittle’s Daring Raid. History.com 8/16/2005
[29]On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[30] http://www.navytimes.com/legacy/new/0-NAVYPAPER-630878.php
[31] http://lacrossetribune.com/news/article_0d5da1b3-8188-5bf6-b3ab-77fca7d970e8.html
[32] Secrets of Pearl Harbor, MIL 2004
[33] http://www.awesomestories.com/asset/view/Spy-Chart-Found-in-Downed-Japanese-Attack-Plane
[34] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[35] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld, page 450
[36] Ivanrdee.com/Catalog/singlebook
[37] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld, page 450
[38] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld, page 477
[39]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Roosevelt
[40] Jimmy Carter, The Liberal Left and World Chaos by Mike Evans, page 503
[41] Jimmy Carter, The Liberal Left and World Chaos by Mike Evans, page 499.
[42] 2011/12/06/captured-the-70th-anniversary-of-pearl-harbor/5126/
[43] http://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=toolbar-instant&hl=en&ion=1&qscrl=1&rlz=1T4LENN_en___US452#q=genetic+Kohanim+connection&hl=en&qscrl=1&rlz=1T4LENN_en___US452&prmd=imvns&ei=cUdkUIndCoGVyAHT4oGQBg&start=10&sa=N&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.&fp=a4d634787c76a8a3&biw=1821&bih=745&ion=1
[44] Jillians House, October 6, 2012
[45] Jillians House, October 6, 2012
[46] Jillians House, October 6, 2012
[47] http://monticelloexpress.com/pages/?p=5831
[48] http://honestreporting.com/sat-delay-used-for-israel-bashing-exercise/
[49] http://www.biereleyhale.com/sitemaker/sites/Bierel1/obit.cgi?user=825563Wood#
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