This Day in Goodlove History, September 17, 2014
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Jeffery Lee Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), Jefferson, LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, and including ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Adams, John Quincy Adams and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Martin Van Buren, Teddy Roosevelt, U.S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison “The Signer”, Benjamin Harrison, Jimmy Carter, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, William Taft, John Tyler (10th President), James Polk (11th President)Zachary Taylor, and Abraham Lincoln.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://wwwfamilytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
Ona P. ALLEN Godlove
Donald W. Banks (3rd cousin)
SAMUEL C. CRAWFORD (3rd cousin 5x removed)
Timothy L. Meyers (2nd cousin 1x removed)
John O. Newman (Paternal Grandfather of the husband of the greatgrandmother)
WILLIAM F. PENNINGTON (8th cousin)
Hulda Ross (half 3rd cousin 4x removed)
Milissa Ross (half 3rd cousin 4x removed)
A. D. Smith M.D.(1st cousin 3x removed)
Gordon F. Smith (2nd cousin 2x removed)
Mahala Spaid
John P. Stephenson (half 3rd cousin 5x removed)
W.C. Trefz (1st cousin 2x removed)
September 17, 1577: A new peace was entered into with the Protestants in France, at Bergerac.
September 17th, 1598 - Netherland sailors discover Mauritius
September 17, 1665: Great Plague and Great Fire
In 1665, Charles was faced with a great health crisis: the Great Plague of London. The death toll reached a peak of 7,000 in the week of September 17.[28] Charles, with his family and court, fled London in July to Salisbury; Parliament met in Oxford.[29] All attempts by London public health officials to contain the disease failed, and the plague spread rapidly.[30] [11]
September 1700: of the same year, a preliminary peace treaty was signed in Montreal with the five Iroquois Nations. Thirteen Native American symbols are on the treaty. After this first entente, it was decided that a bigger one would be held in Montreal in the summer of 1701 and all Nations of the Great Lakes invited. Selected French emissaries, clergy and soldiers, all well-perceived by the Native Americans, were given this diplomatic task.
September 17, 1708
Age 36 Birth of Mary Washington
Epping Forest, Lancaster, Virginia, United States
September 1710: Elizabeth HARRISON. [1, Date of Import: May 30, 1999] Born about 1690 in Essex, Virginia.
In September 1710 when Elizabeth was 20, she married Thomas MUNDAY [1, Date of Import: May 30, 1999].
They had the following children:
i. John [1, Date of Import: May 30, 1999].
ii. Harrison [1, Date of Import: May 30, 1999].
25 iii. Edmund (-1800)
September 1728
The land granted in September, 1728, to Andrew Harrison, in St. 4George ‘s Parish, Spotsylvania County, fe1l, by subdivision in 1730, into ~St. Mark’s Parish. In 1734, this cart of Spottsylvania County became, 1y legislative enactment, Orange County, and in ‘1740, by another divi¬sion, St. Thomas’ Parish was created in Orange County.~ Thus, we find that’ Andrew Harrison. Jr., finally became a resident of ‘Orange County, in the Parish of St Thomas.
September 1729: At the end of her third pregnancy, the queen finally gave birth to a male child, an heir to the throne, the dauphin Louis (1729–1765). The birth of a long-awaited heir, which ensured the survival of the dynasty for the first time since 1712, was welcomed with tremendous joy and celebration in all spheres of French society. The young king became extremely popular at the time.
Dismissal of Bourbon and the Ministry of Fleury
The ministry of the Duke of Bourbon pursued policies that resulted in serious economic and social problems in France. These included the persecution of Protestants; monetary manipulations; the creation of new taxes, such as the fiftieth (cinquantième) in 1725; and tolerance of high grain prices. As a result of Bourbon's rising unpopularity, the king dismissed him in 1726. The king selected his former tutor, Cardinal Fleury, to replace him.
From 1726 until his death in 1743, Cardinal Fleury ruled France with the king's assent. It was the most peaceful and prosperous part of the reign of Louis XV, despite some unrest caused by the Parlements and the Jansenists. After the financial and social disruptions suffered at the end of the reign of Louis XIV, the rule of Fleury is seen by historians as a period of "recovery." The king's role in the decisions of the Fleury government is unclear, but he did support him against the intrigues of the court and the conspiracies of the courtiers.
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Louis XV, by Louis Michel van Loo, (Château de Versailles).
With the help of controllers-general of finances Michel Robert Le Peletier des Forts (1726–1730) and Philibert Orry (1730–1745), Fleury stabilized the French currency and balanced the budget in 1738. Economic expansion was a major goal of the government. Communications were improved with the completion of the Saint-Quentin canal (linking the Oise and Somme rivers) in 1738, which was later extended to the Escaut River and the Low Countries, and the systematic building of a national road network. By the middle of the 18th century, France had the most modern and extensive road network in the world.[5]
Engineers from the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées built modern highways, many of which are still in use today, that stretched from Paris to the most distant borders of France. The Council of Commerce stimulated trade, and French foreign maritime trade increased from 80 to 308 million livres between 1716 and 1748. Rigid Colbertist laws left over from the previous reign hindered industrial development, however.
The power of the absolute monarchy was manifested by its suppression of Jansenist and Gallican religious opposition. The troubles caused by the convulsionaries of the Saint-Médard graveyard in Paris (a group of Jansenists claiming that miracles took place in this graveyard) were put to an end in 1732. As for the Gallican opposition, after the dismissal of 139 members of provincial parlements, the Parlement of Paris had to register the Unigenitus papal bull and was forbidden to hear religious cases in the future.[6]
In foreign relations, Fleury sought peace by attempting to maintain alliance with England and pursuing reconciliation with Spain. The birth of a male heir in 1729 dispelled the risks of a succession crisis and the possibility of war with Spain.
In 1733, on the advice of his minister of foreign affairs Germain Louis Chauvelin, the king abandoned Fleury's peace policy to intervene in the War of the Polish Succession. In addition to attempting to restore his father-in-law Stanisław Leszczyński to the Polish throne, the king also hoped to wrest the long-coveted Duchy of Lorraine from its duke, Francis III. The duke's expected marriage to Maria Theresa of Austria, daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, would bring Austrian power dangerously close to the French border. In the end, the half-hearted French intervention did not allow Stanisław to recover his former throne in Poland.[7]
Treaty of Vienna
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Ottoman ambassador Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi Efendi in Paris in 1721 (engraving)
September 1758: Major James Grant's September 1758 sortie on Fort Duquesne (now Pittsburgh) was met unexpectedly by spirited French and Indian resistance. In the ensuing carnage, Private Robert Kirkwood of the 77th Highland Regiment was pursued by four Indians and wounded. He later wrote that,"I was immediately taken, but the Indian who laid hold of me would not allow the rest to scalp me, tho' they proposed to do so. In short, he befriended me greatly."
To ROBERT DINWIDDIE
Fort Loudoun, September 17, 1757.
Sir: Your favor of the 2d instant came safe to hand, arid Jenkins’s sickness has prevented my answering it sooner.
I apprehend that thirteen of the twenty-nine draughts from Lunenburg have deserted, as sixteen only have arrived here, and I have no accounts of any more being upon the march. Your Honor may observe by the enclosed list of deserters, all of whom have left the regiment since the last return I sent, and after having received too their clothes, arms, and bounty money, how prevalent still is that infamous practice among the das¬tardly draughts, especially at this garrison, where I indulge them in every thing but idleness, and in that I cannot, the nature of the work requiring the contrary. Lenity, so far from producing its desired effects, rather emboldens them in these villainous undertakings. One of those who were condemned to be hanged, deserted immediately upon receiving his pardon. In short, they tire my patience, and almost weary me to death. The expense of pursuing them is very considerable, and to suffer them to escape, without aiming at pursuit, is but giving up the point, aitho’ we have had but little success of late.
The uncertain and difficult communication with the out¬posts must apologize for my not sending you a return of our strength for August. For the second month will always be far advanced, before I can get in the returns of the preceding, as the latter must be first expired, before the returns can be made out, and then some of them are to come two hundred and fifty miles, and great part of that distance thro’ an uninhabited country.
If special messengers are always sent with these returns, it will be a pretty considerable expense. I should therefore be glad if your Honor would be pleased to direct, whether they are to be sent me by express, or to embrace the best conveyance without. In the one case, as I before said, there must be a con¬stant expense, and in the other, great uncertainty. By the enclosed for July, your Honor will see that our total strength amounted to six hundred and ninety-nine; but, as there hap¬pened many changes and casualties in that month, by reason of the draughts joining, deserting, and the companies not being properly formed, this return will, I apprehend, appear con¬fused and irregular. Our present strength, I guess, is about seven hundred. Major Lewis did, as he wrote your Honor, march from this place with about one hundred and forty men only; but then Captain Woodward, who also marched at the same time, with his company from the South Branch, joined him at Dickinson’s; which with the men under Captain Hogg, formed a body of something more than two hundred and fifty men, agreeably to the number appointed at Philadelphia for the forts at Dickinson’s and Vauses.
I am sorry I did not know it was necessary to give the name of each officer of the command, but shall do it now, and set them down as they are placed in companies: Major Lewis, Lt. Bullet, Lt. Fleming, Ensn. Speake, Capt. Woodward, Lt. Dangerfield, Lt. Mimer, Ensn. Sumner, Capt. Spotswood, Lt. Lomax, Lt. Crawford, Ensn. Starke.
The above are the officers belonging to three companies that Went to Augusta. But your Honor knows Capt. Spotswood was absent; Mr. Milner was also absent, and has been so at his father’s these 8 months, in a consumption, as I am told. And I have given a Sergeant a commission and appointed him to Woodward’s company, in lieu of Ensign Sumner, who is now to Join Capt. McKenzie’s company.
As soon as I was informed that Col. Reid was to supply the troops in Augusta with provisions, I acquainted Major Lewis therewith.
As there is no addition made to the draughts, no more recruited, and our numbers daily diminishing by desertion, cannot see how you can expect that I should complete the com. panics that are now under 90 to roo rank and file each, as you mention in your letter.
I never expected, nor ever desired, that there should be an addition made to the number of those persons appointed to transact public business, much less that there should be ofl~ to settle every little affair. I only humbly proposed, that, as Captain Gist was empowered with your Honor’s approbation to manage the Indian affairs here, and as he is to be paid for that duty by this colony, that he, as a more proper person than myself, should take in and adjust the accounts against the Indians (so often mentioned), as it cannot reasonably be supposed that I, who am stripped of the help I once was allowed (and told that I should be freed from these things in conse¬quence), can turn my hands and my thoughts to such a multi¬plicity of business, as naturally arises out of the variety of occur¬rences, which are occasioned by our scattered and detached situation and the many extraneous concerns of the Indians. Every person, who sees how I am employed,will readily testify, that very little recreation falls to my lot. Nevertheless, if it is your Honor’s orders, that I shall collect these accompts, I will do it in the best manner I am able, and that with cheerfulness; but it will be some time ere it can be accomplished, as I have turned them off once.
The Indian chiefs, before they departed for their nation, warmly solicited me for some drums; and, as I had none but those belonging to the regiment, which could not be spared, I was obliged to promise them, that I would acquaint your Honor with their request, that you might, if you thought proper, provide them against their return.
Since my last, the enemy returned to the Branch, where they killed four men, wounded one, captivated a man and woman, and burned some grain, notwithstanding the utmost efforts of he troops, who are constantly scouting. The people in that quarter are terribly aff righted by this last eruption, and I fear can hardly be prevented from evacuating that valuable settlement. Enclosed is a return of the Deputy Commissary’s return and report of the state of the provisions at Fort Cumberland and my letter to Doctr. Ross on that subject, an answer to which I ~ourly expect. I have heard from second-hand, that they in¬:end to make no allowance for the fish we left there, saying they were the King’s fish, as they really were, and therefore as nuch theirs as ours. I should be glad to know your Honor’s sentiments on this matter. I apprehended they would claim the fish as a right, and therefore when I left Ft. Cumberland, to attend the Committee in the Spring according to order, directed Col. Stephen to have them removed, which he neglected to do.
I have received from Mr. Boyd, notwithstanding his first declaration to me, ,~oo. Which, with what remains of the 2ooo, shall be applied and accounted for as you direct.
I was obliged to detain £250 out of the first sum which came up for the companies, but can now refund it.
When your Honor is pleased to order the vacancy, which Captain Spotswood occasions to be filled up in the name of Captain McNeill, there will be room for a lieutenant; and then
you please to bestow it on Mr. Fairfax, I should take it definitely kind, if you would oblige me so far as to send the commission immediately from yourself to that gentleman For altho I esteem him greatly on account of his father, for whose memory and friendship I shall ever retain a most grateful sense, yet, making him lieutenant over many old ensigns, will occasion great confusion in the corps, and bring censure on me; for the officers will readily conceive, that my friendship and partiality to the family were the causes of it. If Mr. Fairfax would accept of an ensigncy, the matter might pretty easily be accommodated. The better under cover to Colonel Fairfax is not come to hand.
I have heard nothing yet from Colonel Stanwix; but Soon shall, as I wrote to him a few days ago, and expect his answer. Robert Holmes is among the deserters.
I send your Honor a size-roll of my own, Captains Stewart and Lewis’ companies. The others were sent to me, but being signed by the commanding officer only, as is usual, I was obliged to send back for the subalterns to sign also. When these come in I shall forward them.
As we have not at this time either commissary or assistant here, it is not in my power to send a return of the provisions with any tolerable exactness. But I do not doubt, that Mr. Ruththerfordd, our acting commissary, who is now down, has satisfied your Honor fully in this particular; if he has not, I will take care to do it in my next.
The monthly return for July, mentioned in the body of this letter as sent, upon re-examination I find so unintelligible, by reason of some mistakes in Captns. Spotswood’s and Woodward’s return, that I am ashamed to sign it, ‘till the mistakes are rectified, and for this end, I have ordered those companies in a peremptory manner to be careful for the future, or answer the contrary.
Your Honor in estimating our numbers at about 7oo, will ac near the complement; but if I may presume to advise, the contractors should provide for companies of 100 each, as it is supposed we shall complete to that number as fast as possible. I doubt not your Honor will see the necessity of making an agreement with the contractors, for furnishing the Indians with provisions; otherwise they will take no concern in this matter, as I conceive they are allowed so much for each soldier, :hat shall be returned, in which case Indians are included. If they were not, no person would supply them on the same terms they do soldiers, for Indians eat and waste triple what the latter Jo. I am, &c.
September 1759: Brant. Molly Brant. Sometimes "Mary." Konwatsitsiaienne and Deganwadonti meaning "several against one". Born c 1736. Both parents were Mohawk—wolf clan. (See also, Joseph Brant above). Molly's stepfather, Brant Canagaraduncka, was a sachem of the Turtle clan of Mohawks. He was a Protestant, dressed in European clothing, and probably spoke English—as did Molly. Based on the matrilineal system of the Iroquois, Molly enjoyed a higher status than her younger brother—Joseph. She had her first child, Peter, with Sir William Johnson in September 1759 (Sir William's wife Catherine died in April of the same year). Molly and Sir William had eight children. Sir William and Molly were the ultimate "power couple" in up-state NY. Molly Brant had a slave ("Jenny") and lived much as the colonial masters of the area. After Sir William's death in 1774, Molly built a home in Canajoharie—one of the two major Mohawk villages in the river valley. Her Canajoharie home was destroyed by Oneidas after a combined force of British, Loyalists, Mohawks, Onondagas, Seneca, and Cayugas had attacked and destroyed much of the Oneida homeland in 1777. This is the period of the permanent break-up of the Iroquois Confederation. The British government paid her £1,206 for her losses suffered during the war. This was more than her brother received—and the Mohawks got only £15,000 in total.
September 1770: Furthermore, GW noted, “any considerable delay in the prosecution of our Plan would amount to an absolute defeat of the Grant inasmuch as Emigrants are daily Sealing the choice Spots of Land and waiting for the oppertunity. . . Of solliciting a legal Title under the advantages of Possession & Improvement—two powerful Plea’s in an Infant Country” (GW to Lord Botetourt, g September 1770, Papers, Colonial Series, 8:378—80)
September 17,1771: William Crawford went to Dr. Craik’s after dinner.
September 17, 1771: Moscow Plague and Riot
September 1773: A then-obscure hunter named Daniel Boone led a group of about 50 emigrants in the first attempt by British colonists to establish a settlement in Kentucky County,VA (KY).
September 1774
[Maj. Arthur Campbell to Col. William Preston. 2QQ98]
Royal-Oak September 17th. 1774
Sir—The same day John Henry was wounded on Clinch there was one Samuel Lemmey taken Prisoner on the North fork of Holstein, about a Mile from the upper End of Campbells Choice (now called the Clay-Lick) and John & Archibald Buchanans Familys narrowly escaped.
Tuesday 13th three Indians attacked one of Capt. Smiths Soldiers about half-mile from the Maiden Spring Station he is tho’t to have killed one them; and escaped himself without being hurt: a party of our people happened to be within 300 yards when the Guns fired; they soon were at the place of action, and give the remaining two Indians a god Chase the wounded fellow, found means to get into a large Cave or Pit within 70 or 80 yards of the place he was shot; in which it is supposed he is Dead, as he fell when he was shot, and Bled a good deal; I have one [of] the plugs now in my House that burst out of his wound a few steps from the Tree he stood behind when he received the Shot. The Pit is to be search’d by means of letting a Man down in it by ropes with lights as our Men is anxious to get his Scalp.
The same Evening of ye. 13th. Capt. Smiths Scouts discoved the tracts of a party of the Enemy going off with Horses and it is supposed the prisoners. He immediately set out with a party of 21 Men, in pursuit of them, which I am perswaded he will follow a considerable way, or else overtake them. I have made strict enquiry into the Conduct of the Spys and find, it was not their fault, the letting the Enemy in undiscobered. The different passes they were ordered to watch, lay at such a distance, that it took several days…
…Capt. Floyd was to have some Plots made out before he went away, for Col. Byrd, Capt. Harrison and myself I hope he has not forgot to inform you about them.
I am Sir With great Respect your Obedient Servant
Arthur Campbell
September 17-November 3, 1775: Siege of Fort St. Jean - September 17 - November 3, 1775 (also called St. John's).
September 1776: Haym Salomon was recognized for his contribution to the cause of the American Revolution. He was a Polish Jew who immigrated to New York during the American Revolution and became a prime financier of the Continental Army. Solomon was arrested as a spy but the British Pardoned him, only after serving 18 months of his sentence and claims of torture on a British boat, in order to use his abilities, as an interpreter in order to use his abilities as an interpreter for their Hessian mercenaries. Solomon used his position to help prisoners of the British escape and encouraged the Hessians to desert the war effort. My ancestry is Jewish and my ancestor was a mercenary Hessian Soldiers who deserted the British Army and took an Oath of Allegiance to the State of Pennsylvania. It is not known if Haym Solomon spoke to my ancestor but the possibility is there.
September 1776: After Independence, Jefferson desired to reform the Virginia government.[58] In September 1776, eager to work on creating the new government and dismantle the feudal aspects of the old, Jefferson returned to Virginia and was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates for Albemarle County.[59] Before his return, he had contributed to the state's constitution from Philadelphia; he continued to support freehold suffrage, by which only property holders could vote.[60] Jefferson attempted to establish himself as a foe of slavery during the Revolution, however, the 21st century historian John Ferling has called this mostly "hyperbole".[58]
September 1767 letter to William Crawford, a Pennsylvania surveyor:
. . . I can never look upon the Proclamation in any other light (but this I say between ourselves) than as a temporary expedient to quiet the minds of the Indians. It must fall, of course, in a few years, especially when those Indians consent to our occupying those lands. Any person who neglects hunting out good lands, and in some measure marking and distinguishing them for his own, in order to keep others from settling them will never regain it. If you will be at the trouble of seeking out the lands, I will take upon me the part of securing them, as soon as there is a possibility of doing it and will, moreover, be at all the cost and charges surveying and patenting the same . . . . By this time it be easy for you to discover that my plan is to secure a good deal of land. You will consequently come in for a handsome quantity.
George Washington
Fifth Regiment General Stevens Brigade: It seems to have been attached to General Woodford’s Brigade during its entire term of service. The Regiment was nearly cut to pieces in the defeat at Brandywine. Evidently it was largely recruited after that date, as the rearrangement in September 1776. The Seventh Regiment alone of the first nine regiments maintained its separate existence, not being combined with any other. It was renumbered the Fifth Regiment under the following commands.
September 17, 1776: The next records of the proceedings of this ancient Court begin: "At a Court at Augusta Town for the district of West Augusta [September] the 17th, 1776, Pres't Edward Ward, Dorsey Pentecost, John Cannon, David Shepherd," followed by three entries only: "Pat McElroy, deputy Sheriff, protested against- the Insuff.
of the Goal, & on his Motion Ord to be certified. "Ord. the Sheriff Summon 24 Freeholders to serve as a Grand
Jury of this Court in November next. "Ord that the Court be adjourned until to-Morrow Morning 6
o'clock.
"EDW'D WARD."
As noted before, this Edward Ward, the presiding Judge who signed his name to the record of the first days session of this court at Augusta Town, was the Ensign Edward Ward who on April 17, 1754, surrendered the fort then building at the Forks of Ohio to the French and Indians who completed it and called it Fort Duquesne; and at the date of this entry Edward Ward
September 17, 1776: At a Court held at Augusta Town for the district of West
Augusta the [September] 17th 1776:
Pres't, Edward Ward, Dorsey Penticost, John Cannon,
David Shepherd.
Pat McElroy, deputy Sheriff, protested against the Insuff of
the Goal, & on his motion Ord to be Certified.
(79) Ord the Sheriff Summon 24 Freeholders to serve as a Grand-
jury at this Court in November next.
Ord that the Court be adjorned until to Morrow Morning 6
o'Clock. Edw'd Ward.
At a Court Continued and held at Augusta Town, for the
district of West Augusta, September the 18th, 1776 :
Present, Edward Ward, Dorsey Penticost, John Cannon,
David Shepherd, Gentlemen, Justices.
John McColloch, Gent, took the Oath appointed by Order
of Convention as a Justice.
Present, John McColloch.
Wm. Hawkins, a deputy Sheriff, took the Oath appointed
by Order of Convention as a deputy Sheriff.
David Rodgers, Isaac Cox, John McDowell, Richard Yeats,
Wm. Scott, Dan'l Mcfarlen, John McDaniel, George McCor-
mick, Philip Ross, James McMahon, Benja Kuykendall, Wm
Lowther, John Evans, David Scott, John Harden, Senr., John
Swearengen, Thos. Gaddis, Wm. Harrison, Sam'l Newell, Thos
Brown, Thos Freeman, Joshua Wright, Erasmias Bochias,
18 These words, "Catfish Camp," are erased in the original minutes, and Augusta
Town substituted.
Minutes of Court at Fort Dunmore. 567
Henry Enocks, Henry Vanmetre, James Caldwell, John Wil-
liamson, Senr., Thos. Polke, Oliver Miller, Zachariah Spriggs,
Benja Fry, Jonathan Coburn, John Hamilton, Zachariah
Morgan, Benja Wilson, Wm. Hamen, Moses Thompson,
Ephraim Ritchardson, James Walker, James Anderson, Alex'r
Maxwell, Amaziah Davidson, Jacob Cook, Matthew Ritchey,
Jacob Haymaker, Thomas Crooks, Thomas Waller, James
Wherry, Ab'm Inloe, -James Linley, And'w Swearengen, Wm.
Rankin are recommended as Proper persons to be added to the
Commission.
(80) Patrick McElroy is appointed to go Express from this Place
to Wmsburgh for the Commission of the Peace. The Sheriffs
Commission, and the Acts of Assembly and the Ordinances of
Convention for the district of West Augusta
And'w Nangle and Rob't McKinley are appointed Con-
stables in the Town of Pittsburgh, and that they be Summoned
before Edward Ward, Gent, to be Sworn into the s'd Offices.
John Dousman, who was appointed a Consta in the Town of
Pittsburgh and refusing to swear into the said Office, It is Ord
that for the s'd Contempt he be fined ^2.
Richard Yeats, John Campbell, & James McMahon are
recommended as proper persons for Coroners.
Andrew Vaughan, on behalf of Jos. Horton, Moved for a
Judg Ag'st John Christian, High Sheriff, for the Amount of an
Exn recovered by Francis Brown, a deputy of the s'd Joseph
Horton, against Adam Bell Pat McElroy, a deputy also, and
who farmed the same of the s'd Christian, appeared and con-
fessed a Judgment. Pat McElroy, a deputy Sheriff, on behalf
of John Christian, moved for a Judgment ag'st Francis Brown,
a deputy also, and Daniel Brown and Wm Christy his Sec'y,
for the Amount of the Judg, and Costs obtained ag'st him by
Jos. Horton, for the Amount of the Ex'n of the s'd Jos ag'st
Adam Bell, received by the s'd Francis, and Judgment is
granted
Ab Dorsey Penticost
(81) The Court on Considering the Ordinance of Convention for
holding a Court in the district of West Augusta without Writ of
adjournments from East Augusta, on the third Tuesday in every
Month, at such place as they shall appoint, are of Opinion that
568 Annals of the Carnegie Museum.
by such Ordinance they are a separate and distinct County and
Court from that of East Augusta, and they do appoint Dorsey
Penticost, Esqr., there Clerk for this Court, to which John
Madison, Jun'r deputy Clerk, on behalf of John Madison, Clerk
of the County, objected to the appointment, alledging that
they had no right so to do till the division of the County, look-
ing upon him as Clerk of East Augusta and the district of West
Augusta till a division is made by an Ordinance of Convention.
Ord that John Madison, Jun' r deputy Clerk, in whose Cus-
tody the records of the adjorned Court for this district are, is
ordered to deliver them to this Court on the 25th of October
next.
Ordered that the Court be adjorned until the Court in
Course. Edw'd Ward.
September 1777: Battle of Brandywine, when Ferguson’s riflemen were unwisely employed and suffered more than 50 percent casualties, among them Ferguson, whose right arm was badly wounded. That encounter, however, almost turned the course of history. As Ferguson later wrote, at one point a mounted enemy officer rode past, well within range. “I could have lodged a half-doszen balls in or about him before he was out of my reach,” the British officer recalled, “but I was not pleasant to fire at the back of an unoffending individual who was acquitting himself very coolly of his duty; so I let him alone.” That officer was General Washington.
In September 1777 Cornstalk received a black wampum belt from George Morgan and couldn’t figure-out its meaning; therefore, he sent envoys to Fort Randolph (Point Pleasant) for an explanation. Captain Matthew Arbuckle at the fort arrested the two envoys as spies and jailed them. Cornstalk’s son, Elinipsico, went to get the envoys and was told that they would deal only with Cornstalk himself. Cornstalk arrived and was immediately jailed with his son and the two envoys.
[Gen. Edward Hand to the Delawares. IU96—L. S.]
FORT Pitt September 17, 1777
BROTHERS THE DELAWARES—I lately told you it would be dangerous for any Indians to come near to this Place, owing to the foolish Conduct of the Mingo’s & Wiandots, & therefore for fear of any Mistake I desired you not to send any Messengers this Way or to allow your young Men to scatter too much I sent this word by our Brother Meymaconon & young Kilbuck. I now confirm them.
Brothers, As I have Reason to rely on the good faith & friendship of our Brothers the Delawares, I send the Bearer M’. James Elliot to inform you of the News of our grand armies, the cattle who you were told were pen’d up, have broke down the fences & trampled their Keepers to Death.
Brothers, The News Papers will give you a full Account of the great Battles our armies have gained. The Indians who were so foolish as to join our Enemies have found their Mistake & those who have not run away are quite sick of their Conduct. The Oneidas & Tuscororas have joined our army & are now in Pursuit of the Enemy.
Brothers, I expect very soon to send you an agreeable Account of another Battle as Genl. Howe who had run away from the Jerseys on board of his vessells has now landed with his army in Maryland whither Genl. Washington has gone with our army to drive the red Coats on board their Ships again. He will do little damage except stealing our sheep & Poultry
Brothers, I send Mr. Elliott not only to tell you this good News but to assure you that I am determined to preserve your friendship by a sincere & upright Conduct toward you agreeable to the repeated Orders of Congress. And notwithstanding foolish People occasioned a Cloud to overspread our Council fire & have filled the Road between you & me with Briars & Thorns I will soon clear the path & make it as broad & plain as ever, for this has been and is now the wish of all our wise Men, as a Testimony of my sincerity I sign & send you this.
Brothers, What I have told you is true but do not desire you to depend on Words alone. If you send to the Northward your Messengers may see with their own Eyes.
Brothers,If your Messengers get up to go or News I desire they may go the whole way & not take the reports of People they may meet on the Road.
Brothers, Your Uncles the Wiandots the foolish People on Scioto & every other Indian Tribe that has listened to the Advice of Governor Hamilton & Butler will see when it is too late that those Men do not regard the Interest of the Indians & will find them ready to tread them under their feet when they can’t be of no further Use to them.
Brothers, You will he fully satisfied of my friendship when you see my Messenger Mr. James Elliott. I desire you to use him well & give him what he wants for which I will pay you as soon as I can see you. I desire you will also send by him all the News you have in Writing & convey him safe from all your Towns as far as may be necessary.
Brothers, Be strong & adhere to your Professions & depend on the friendship of your Brother
EDWd. HAND
September 1777: The Siege of Fort Henry was an attack on American militiamen during the American Revolutionary War near the Virginia outpost known as Fort Henry by a mixed band of Indians in September 1777. The fort, named for Virginia Governor Patrick Henry, was at first defended by only a small number of militia, as rumors of the Indian attack had moved faster than the Indians, and a number of militia companies had left the fort. The American settlers were successful in repulsing the Indian attack.
Background
In the summer of 1777, rumors began circulating throughout frontier areas of Virginia and Pennsylvania that Indians living in the Ohio Country were planning attacks on frontier settlements on and around the Ohio River. Fort Henry, which had been constructed in 1774 to protect the settlers in the area around what is now Wheeling, West Virginia, was one of the rumored targets.[1] In early August, General Edward Hand, the commander at nearby Fort Pitt warned Lieutenant David Shepherd and all of the local militia captains of the threat, ordering them to gather at Fort Henry. For a time thereafter, militia companies stayed at Fort Henry, improving its defenses and patrolling for Indians. However, the absence of any obvious threat led many of those companies to leave and return to their homes. By the end of August, only two companies, those of Joseph Ogle and Samuel Mason, remained.[2]
September 1778:, Colonel Crawford was appointed commander of the troops from Youghioghney, Monongalia, and Ohio counties, Virginia. The Thirteenth Regiment was raised in West Augusta District, largely through the efforts of Colonel William Crawford of the Seventh Regiment. It formed part of Muhlenberg’s Brigade in September 1778, it was renumbered the Ninth Regiment. \
September 1778
Lawrence Harrison, Jr.4 (Lawrence,L4ndrew,2 Andrew 1), “Lieu¬tenant Lawrence Harrison, Virginia, 2nd Lieutenant, 13th Virginia, April 5, 1778; a Regiment designated as the 9th Virginia, September, 1778; as First Lieutenant, October 3, 1778,
September 1778: The whole party of five hundred and thirty-four men marched in February and March, 1778, overland to the coast, and was shipped in April for England and America. The passage was a long one, and these men, who had left Anspach early in November, 1777, were not landed in New York until September, 1778.
September 17, 1778
Delaware chief Wingenund. Crawford knew Wingenund well and was actually friends with the chief. The two had first met September 17, 1778 at Fort Pitt during the signing of a treaty between the Delaware Indians and the American government. Wingenund had even spent a few nights at Crawford's cabin.
September 17, 1778 document which indicates that the $204,000 requested by Col. Morgan: …will be necessary to enable him to lay in the provisions requisite for the troops kept up on the western frontiers, and which must be maintained, to prevent the inhabitants abandoning their extensive settlements.
Treaty of Fort Pitt
The Treaty of Fort Pitt — also known as the Treaty With the Delawares, the Delaware Treaty, or the Fourth Treaty of Pittsburgh,[1] — was signed on September 17, 1778 and was the first written treaty between the new United States of America and any American Indians—the Lenape (Delaware Indians) in this case. Although many informal treaties were held with Native Americans during the American Revolution years of 1775–1783, this was the only one that resulted in a formal document. It was signed at Fort Pitt, Pennsylvania, site of present-day downtown Pittsburgh. It was essentially a formal treaty of alliance.
The treaty gave the United States permission to travel through Delaware territory and called for the Delawares to afford American troops whatever aid they might require in their war against Britain, including the use of their own warriors. The United States was planning to attack the British fort at Detroit, and Lenape friendship was essential for success.
In exchange, the United States promised "articles of clothing, utensils and implements of war", and to build a fort in Delaware country "for the better security of the old men, women and children ... whilst their warriors are engaged against the common enemy." Although not part of the written treaty, the commissioners pointed out the American alliance with France and intended that the Delaware would become active allies in the war against the British.
According to Daniel Richter in "Facing East from Indian Country" the Delaware perceived the agreement as "merely as free passage" of Rebrel troops and the building of a protective fort for defending White settlers, the American leaders intended to use the fort for offensive campaigns and wrote into the treaty that the Delaware would attack their native neighbors.
The treaty also recognized the Delawares as a sovereign nation and guaranteed their territorial rights, even encouraging the other Ohio Country Indian tribes friendly to the United States to form a state headed by the Delawares with representation in Congress. This extraordinary measure had little chance of success, and some suggest that the authors of the treaty were knowingly dishonest and deceitful. Others suggest that it was the Delaware chief White Eyes who proposed the measure, hoping that the Delaware and other tribes might become the fourteenth state of the United States. In any case, it was never acted upon by either the United States or the Delaware Indians.
Within a year the Delaware Indians were expressing grievances about the treaty. A delegation of Delawares visited Philadelphia in 1779 to explain their dissatisfaction to the Continental Congress, but nothing changed and peace between the United States and the Delaware Indians collapsed. White Eyes, the tribe's most outspoken ally of the United States, was murdered by frontiersmen, and soon afterwards the Delawares joined the British in the war against the United States.
Signers of the treaty were White Eyes, Captain Pipe (Hopocan), and John Kill Buck (Gelelemend) for the Lenape, and Andrew Lewis and Thomas Lewis for the Americans. Witnesses included Brigadier General Lachlan McIntosh, Colonel Daniel Brodhead, and Colonel William Crawford.
During August-September 1779 Brodhead led a force of some 600 up the Allegheny River against Seneca and Muncy Delaware into NY destroying hostile Indian villages in the area. This attack was coordinated with the main thrust by General John Sullivan up the Susquehanna River into Iroquoia. Captain Sam Brady was among Brodhead’s officers.
Crawford made surveys in the vicinity of Stewart's Crossing for Benjamin, William, Battle and Lawrence, Jr., sons of Lawrence Harrison. (Veech, p. 119)
This area in Pennsylvania where the Harrisons lived was claimed for awhile by Virginia. Therefore, records of Benjamin Harrison are found in Westmoreland County, Penn., as well as in Yohogania County, Va. until boundary disputes were finally settled in September 1780.
September 1781: The Waldeckers encamped during September 1781 in Newtown, Long Island.
September 1782: Benjn. Harrison served as Colonel on a tour of active duty in the Militia of Westmoreland County during September 1782 for which certificate of public debt #2641 in the amount of £1O.5.10 was issued under the Militia Loan
September 1789: Jefferson returned to the US from France with his two daughters and slaves. Immediately upon his return, President Washington wrote to him asking him to accept a seat in his Cabinet as Secretary of State. Jefferson accepted the appointment.
As Washington's Secretary of State (1790–1793), Jefferson argued with Alexander Hamilton, the Secretary of the Treasury, about national fiscal policy,[78] especially the funding of the debts of the war. Jefferson later associated Hamilton and the Federalists with "Royalism," and said the "Hamiltonians were panting after ... crowns, coronets and mitres."[79] Due to their opposition to Hamilton, Jefferson and James Madison founded and led the Democratic-Republican Party. He worked with Madison and his campaign manager John J. Beckley to build a nationwide network of Republican allies. Jefferson's political actions and his attempt to undermine Hamilton nearly led Washington to dismiss Jefferson from his cabinet.[80] Although Jefferson left the cabinet voluntarily, Washington never forgave him for his actions, and never spoke to him again.[80]
The French minister said in 1793: "Senator Morris and Secretary of the Treasury Hamilton ... had the greatest influence over the President's mind, and that it was only with difficulty that he [Jefferson] counterbalanced their efforts."[81] Jefferson supported France against Britain when they fought in 1793.[82] Jefferson believed that political success at home depended on the success of the French army in Europe.[83] In 1793, the French minister Edmond-Charles Genêt caused a crisis when he tried to influence public opinion by appealing to the American people, something which Jefferson tried to stop.[83]
Jefferson tried to achieve three important goals during his discussions with George Hammond, British Minister to the U.S.: secure British admission of violating the Treaty of Paris (1783) ; vacate their posts in the Northwest (the territory between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River north of the Ohio); and compensate the United States to pay American slave owners for the slaves whom the British had freed and evacuated at the end of the war.
September 17, 1791: St. Clair's Defeat
To protect settlers and to force the Indians to abide by the Treaty of Fort Harmar, Arthur St. Clair, the governor of the Northwest Territory, ordered the construction of forts in what is now western Ohio. St. Clair moved against the Indians living near present-day Ft. Wayne Indiana, in September 1791. His men left Fort Washington, near Cincinnati, on September 17. The men marched twenty miles in two days and then built Fort Hamilton. St. Clair’s army then advanced forty-five miles northward, where his men built Fort Jefferson. Leading primarily untrained militiamen, St. Clair faced problems with desertion from the beginning of his campaign. Although it was still early fall, his men faced some cold temperatures and quite a bit of rain and snowfall. St. Clair also had a difficult time keeping his soldiers supplied with food. His men became demoralized.
September 17, 1817: In 1777 Abner VANCE and Matthew VANCE swore the Oath of Allegiance in Pittsylvania Co. Va. In 1777 a young man had to be 16 years of age before he could take the Oath. -------------------- Abner Vance migrated into the southwestern part of Virginia (Clinch River Valley, Russell Co) sometime arount 1790. He was of the Baptist faith and spent much of his time preaching. One of Abner's daughters (and it is thought to have been Elizabeth) ran off with Lewis Horton. After several months Lewis Horton returned with the girl and dropped her off at her parent's home. It is said that Abner and Susannah pleaded with Lewis
to marry the girl. He refused and turned to ride away. Abner went into
the house and returned with his gun and shot Horton as he was riding
away. Horton died a few hours later. Abner became a fugitive. He left
Russell County that night, September 17, 1817, and traveled along the Tug and
Guyandotte Rivers where he spent the next two years. Abner returned to
Russell County at the urging of his family to stand trial. Public
opinion was that Abner would be "freed" due to his "reputation as a
preacher." On his arrival he was locked in jail and held without bail.
The trial ended in a hung jury. A second trial was held in Washington
County, VA. There Abner was found guilty and sentenced to hang. The
case was taken to the court of appeals but the lower courts decision was
upheld. Petitions for the release of Abner Vance were circulated but to
no avail.
September 17, 1837: SAMUEL CLARK CRAWFORD, b. September 17, 1837; d. December 19, 1839.
September 17, 1848: John Stephen DUNCAN. Born on September 17, 1848 in Clay County, Missouri. John Stephen died in Tuskahoma, Pushmataha, Oklahoma on November 22, 1926; he was 78.
September 17, 1857: David Godlove, born January 27, 1828; died March 07, 1901. He married Mary Mitilda Orndorff September 17, 1857; born 1839; died 1902.
September 17, 1862: The time of Second Manassas also marks the first recorded appearance of Lee's chest pains, then called "rheumatism", but in retrospect symptoms of the coronary artery disease that was to mark the rest of his life. Lee then moved into Maryland hoping to gather supplies, recruit new troops, and perhaps strike a blow into the northeast that would dampen the North's willingness to fight; his efforts were derailed by the famous Lost Order No. 191 which gave away his plans to McClellan; on September 17, 1862, the armies met at Sharpsburg in the Battle of Antietam which resulted in roughly 26,000 combined casualties, still the greatest one day loss of life in American history.
September 17, 1862: Battle of Sharpsburg, MD.
The Battle of Antietam ( /ænˈtiːtəm/) also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg, particularly in the South, fought on September 17, 1862, near Sharpsburg, Maryland, and Antietam Creek, as part of the Maryland Campaign, was the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Union soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with about 23,000 casualties on both sides.[4]
After pursuing Confederate General Robert E. Lee into Maryland, Union Army Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan launched attacks against Lee's army, in defensive positions behind Antietam Creek. At dawn on September 17, Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker's corps mounted a powerful assault on Lee's left flank. Attacks and counterattacks swept across Miller's cornfield and fighting swirled around the Dunker Church. Union assaults against the Sunken Road eventually pierced the Confederate center, but the Federal advantage was not followed up. In the afternoon, Union Maj. Gen. Ambrose Burnside's corps entered the action, capturing a stone bridge over Antietam Creek and advancing against the Confederate right. At a crucial moment, Confederate Maj. Gen. A.P. Hill's division arrived from Harpers Ferry and launched a surprise counterattack, driving back Burnside and ending the battle. Although outnumbered two-to-one, Lee committed his entire force, while McClellan sent in less than three-quarters of his army, enabling Lee to fight the Federals to a standstill. During the night, both armies consolidated their lines. In spite of crippling casualties, Lee continued to skirmish with McClellan throughout September 18, while removing his battered army south of the Potomac River.[5]
Despite having superiority of numbers, McClellan's attacks failed to achieve force concentration, allowing Lee to counter by shifting forces and moving interior lines to meet each challenge. Despite ample reserve forces that could have been deployed to exploit localized successes, McClellan failed to destroy Lee's army. Nevertheless, Lee's invasion of Maryland was ended, and he was able to withdraw his army back to Virginia without interference from the cautious McClellan. Although the battle was tactically inconclusive, it had significance as enough of a victory to give President Abraham Lincoln the confidence to announce his Emancipation Proclamation, which discouraged the British and French governments from potential plans for recognition of the Confederacy.
Battle of Antietam
Part of the American Civil War
The Battle of Antietam, by Kurz & Allison, depicting the scene of action at Burnside's Bridge
Date September 17, 1862
Location Near Sharpsburg, Maryland
Result Tactically inconclusive; strategic Union victory[1]
Belligerents
United States (Union)
CSA (Confederacy)
Commanders and leaders
George B. McClellan
Robert E. Lee
Strength
75,500 "present for duty"[2]
38,000 "engaged"[2]
Casualties and losses
12,401
(2,108 killed
9,540 wounded
753 captured/missing)[3]
10,316
(1,546 killed
7,752 wounded
1,018 captured/missing)[3]
September 17, 1862: John Q. Wilds. Age 37. Residence Mt. Vernon, nativity Pennsylvania. Appointed Colonel August 10, 1862. Mustered September 17, 1862. Promoted Colonel June 8, 1864; Brevet Lieutenant Colonel United States Volunteers. Wounded severely October 19, 1864, Cedar Creek, Va. Died of wounds November 18, 1864, Hospital, Winchester, Va.
Sat. September 17, 1864
Went to the teams in the morning started
From the convalescent camp to regiment with
The train traveled all night halltown
Charlstown
(William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary)
September 17, 1872: Joseph Johnson Rowell (b. September 17, 1872 / d. November 26, 1955 in AL).
September 17, 1898: Elisabeth of Austria
Empress consort of Austria;
Apostolic queen consort of Hungary; Queen consort of Bohemia and Croatia
Tenure April 24, 1854 – September 10, 1898
Coronation
June 8, 1867
Spouse Franz Joseph I of Austria
Issue
Archduchess Sophie
Archduchess Gisela
Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria
Archduchess Marie-Valerie
Full name
Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie
House
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
House of Wittelsbach
Father Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria
Mother Princess Ludovika of Bavaria
Born December 24, 1837
Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria (now part of Germany)
Died September 10, 1898 (aged 60)
Geneva, Switzerland (assassinated)
Burial September 17, 1898
Imperial Crypt
The entire Austro-Hungarian Empire was in deep mourning; 82 sovereigns and high-ranking nobles followed her funeral cortege on the morning of September 17 to the tomb in the Church of the Capuchins. Like all 15 Habsburg empresses before her, her body was buried in the crypt, but her heart was sent to the Augustinian Church, where she was married, and her internal organs were placed in the crypt of the Metropolitan Church of Saint Stephen.[37]
Aftermath
Empress Elisabeth's tomb next to that of her husband Franz Joseph in Vienna's Imperial Crypt, on the other side of Franz Josef's tomb is that of their son, Crown Prince Rudolf
After the attack, Lucheni fled down the Rue des Alpes, where he threw the file into the entrance to No. 3. He was caught by two cabdrivers and a sailor, then secured by a gendarme. The weapon was found the next day by the concierge during his morning cleaning; he thought it belonged to a laborer who had moved the day before and did not notify the police of his discovery until the following day. There was no blood on the file and the tip was broken off, which occurred when Lucheni threw it away. The file was so dull in appearance it was speculated that it had been deliberately selected because it would be less noticeable than a shiny knife, which would have given Lucheni away as he approached.[38] Lucheni had planned to purchase a stiletto, but lacking the price of 12 francs he had simply sharpened an old file into a homemade dagger and cut down a piece of firewood into a handle.[39]
Although Lucheni boasted that he acted alone, because many political refugees found a haven in Switzerland, the possibility that he was part of a plot and that the life of the emperor was also in danger, was considered. Once it was discovered that an Italian was responsible for Elisabeth's murder, unrest swept Vienna and reprisals were threatened against Italians. The intensity of shock, mourning, and outrage far exceeded that which occurred at the news of Rudolf's death. An outcry also immediately erupted over the lack of protection for the empress. The Swiss police were well aware of her presence, and telegrams to the appropriate authorities advising them to take all precautions had been dispatched. Police Chief Virieux of the Canton of Vaud had organized Elisabeth's protection, but she had detected his officers outside the hotel the day before the assassination and protested that the surveillance was disagreeable, so Virieux had no choice but to withdraw them. It is also possible that if Elisabeth had not dismissed her other attendants that day, an entourage larger than one lady-in-waiting could have discouraged Lucheni, who had been following the Empress for several days, awaiting an opportunity.[40]
Lucheni was brought before the Geneva Court in October. Furious that the death sentence had been abolished in Geneva, he demanded that he be tried according to the laws of the Canton of Lucerne, which still had the death penalty, signing the letter: “Luigi Lucheni, anarchist, and one of the most dangerous".[41]
Since Elisabeth was famous for preferring the common man to courtiers, known for her charitable works, and considered such a blameless target, Lucheni's sanity was questioned initially.[42] Elisabeth's will stipulated that a large part of her jewel collection should be sold and the proceeds, then estimated at over £600,000, were to be applied to various religious and charitable organizations. Franz Joseph remarked to Prince Liechtenstein, who was the couple's devoted equerry, "That a man could be found to attack such a woman, whose whole life was spent in doing good and who never injured any person, is to me incomprehensible".[43] Everything outside of the crown jewels and state property that Elisabeth had the power to bequeath was left to her granddaughter, the Archduchess Elisabeth, Rudolf's child.
Lucheni was declared to be sane, but was tried as a common murderer, not a political criminal. Incarcerated for life, and denied the opportunity to make a political statement by his action, he attempted to kill himself with the sharpened key from a tin of sardines on 20 February 1900. Ten years later, he hanged himself with his belt in his cell on the evening of 16 October 1910, after a guard confiscated and destroyed his uncompleted memoirs.
Legacy
Monument to Empress Elisabeth in Vienna's Volksgarten, constructed in 1907
In 1988, historian Brigitte Hamann wrote The Reluctant Empress, a biography of Elisabeth, reviving interest in Franz Joseph's consort. Unlike previous portrayals of Elisabeth as a one-dimensional fairy tale princess, Hamann portrayed her as a bitter, unhappy woman full of self-loathing and various emotional and mental disorders. She was seen to have searched for happiness, but died a broken woman who never found it. Hamann's portrayal explored new facets of the legend of Sisi, as well as contemplating the role of women in high-level politics and dynasties.[citation needed]
A large number of chapels were named in her honour, connecting it to Saint Elisabeth. Various parks were named after her, such as the Empress Elisabeth Park in Meran, South Tyrol.
Various residences that Elisabeth frequented, including her apartments in the Hofburg and the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, the imperial villa in Ischl, the Achilleion in Corfu, and her summer residence in Gödöllő, Hungary are preserved and open to the public.
Several sites in Hungary are named after her: two of Budapest's districts, Erzsébetváros and Pesterzsébet, and Elisabeth Bridge.
Empress Elisabeth and the Empress Elisabeth Railway (West railway) named after her were recently selected as a main motif for a high value collector coin, the Empress Elisabeth Western Railway commemorative coin.
In 1998, Gerald Blanchard stole the Koechert Diamond Pearl known as the Sisi Star, a 10-pointed star of diamonds fanning out around one enormous pearl from an exhibit commemorating the 100th anniversary of her assassination at the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna. It was one of approximately 27 jewel-encrusted pieces designed and made by court jeweler Jakob Heinrich Köchert for her to wear in her hair,[44] which appears in the famous portrait of her by Franz Xaver Winterhalter.[45] The Star was recovered by Canadian Police in 2007 and eventually returned to Austria.[46] Two versions of the famous stars were created: a second type without a pearl center, was designed by court jeweller Rozet & Fischmeister. Some stars were given to ladies of the court. One set of 27 diamond stars was kept in the Imperial family; they are seen in a photograph that shows the dowry of Rudolf's daughter, the Archduchess Elisabeth, known as "Erzsi", on the occasion of her wedding to Otto Prince Windisch-Graetz in 1902.
Portrayal of Elisabeth in the Arts
Stage
In 1932 the comic operetta Sissi premiered in Vienna. Composed by Fritz Kreisler, the libretto was written by Ernst and Hubert Marischka, with orchestrations by Robert Russell Bennett.[47] Although the pet name of the empress was always spelled, "Sisi," never "Sissi," this incorrect version of her name persisted in the works about her that followed.
In 1943 Jean Cocteau wrote a play about an imagined meeting between Elisabeth and her assassin, L'Aigle à deux têtes (The Eagle with Two Heads). It was first staged in 1946.
In 1992, the musical Elisabeth premièred at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna. With libretto by Michael Kunze and music by Sylvester Levay, this is probably the darkest portrayal of the Empress' life. It portrayed Elisabeth bringing a physical manifestation of death with her to the imperial court, thus destroying the Habsburg dynasty. The leading role in the premiere was played by Dutch musical singer Pia Douwes. Elisabeth went on to become the most successful German-language musical of all time and has enjoyed numerous productions around the world.
Ballet
In his 1978 ballet, Mayerling Kenneth MacMillan portrayed Elisabeth in a pas de deux with her son Prince Rudolf, the principal character in the ballet.
In 1993 French ballerina Sylvie Guillem appeared in a piece entitled, Sissi, l'impératice anarchiste (Sissi, Anarchist Empress), choreographed by Maurice Béjart to Strauss's Emperor Waltz.
Film[edit]
Actress Romy Schneider portrayed Elisabeth in what is known as the Sissi trilogy', three Austrian films in the late 1950s.
The 1921 film Kaiserin Elisabeth von Österreich was one of the first films to focus entirely on Elisabeth. It was co-written by Elisabeth's niece, Marie Larisch (who played her younger self at the age of 62), and starred Carla Nelsen as the title character. The film later achieved notoriety when a group of con-artists started selling stills from the murder scene as actual photographs of the crime.
In 1936, Columbia Pictures released The King Steps Out, a film version of the operetta "Sissi", directed by Josef von Sternberg. It starred opera diva Grace Moore and Franchot Tone.
Jean Cocteau directed the 1948 film version of his play The Eagle with Two Heads. Antonioni's 1981 film The Mystery of Oberwald is another adaptation of the play.
In the German-speaking world, Elisabeth's name is often associated with a trilogy of romantic films about her life directed by Ernst Marischka which starred a teenage Romy Schneider:
• Sissi (1955)
• Sissi — die junge Kaiserin (1956) (Sissi — The Young Empress)
• Sissi — Schicksalsjahre einer Kaiserin (1957) (Sissi — Fateful Years of an Empress)
• Forever My Love is a condensed version, with the three films edited down into one feature and dubbed in English. This version was released in North America in 1962.
In early dramatizations, Elisabeth appears as peripheral to her husband and son, and so is always shown as a mature character. Schneider's characterization of Elisabeth as a young woman is the first time the "young" empress is seen on screen. The trilogy was the first to explicitly depict the romantic myth of Sisi, and ends abruptly with her determination to live a private life. Any further exploration of the topic would have been at odds with the accepted image of the loving wife, devoted mother, and benevolent empress. The three films, newly restored, are shown every Christmas on Austrian, German, Dutch, and French television. In 2007, the films were released as The Sissi Collection with English subtitles. Schneider came to loathe the role, claiming, "Sissi sticks to me like porridge (Grießbrei)." Later she appeared as a much more realistic and fascinating Elisabeth in Luchino Visconti's Ludwig, a 1972 film about Elisabeth's cousin, Ludwig II of Bavaria. A portrait of Schneider in this film was the only one, taken from her roles, which is displayed in her home.
Ava Gardner played the Empress in the 1968 film Mayerling, in which Omar Sharif starred as Crown Prince Rudolf.
The 1991 German film called Sisi/Last Minute (original Sisi und der Kaiserkuß, (Sisi and the emperor's kiss) starred French actress Vanessa Wagner as Sisi, Nils Tavernier as Emperor Franz Joseph and Sonja Kirchberger as Helene.[48]
In the film version of Andrew Lloyd Webber's The Phantom of the Opera, the character Christine is wearing a gown inspired by the famous portrait of Elisabeth by Winterhalter.
In 2007, German comedian and director Michael Herbig released a computer-animated parody film based on Elisabeth under the title Lissi und der wilde Kaiser (lit.: "Lissi and the Wild Emperor"). It is based on his Sissi parody sketches featured in his television show Bullyparade.
The most recent appearance of Sisi was in the 2012 biopic about Ludwig II of Bavaria in Ludwig II., where she was played by Hannah Herzsprung.
Television
In 1974, Elisabeth was portrayed in the British television series Fall of Eagles. Diane Keen played the young Elisabeth and Rachel Gurney portrayed the empress at the time of Rudolf's death.
The 1992 WGBH-TV adaptation of Agatha Christie's Miss Marple mystery The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side centers around the shooting of a fictitious film about Elisabeth. The role of the actress portraying the empress was played by Claire Bloom.
The season five finale of the Austrian detective television series Kommissar Rex (1994) revolves around a deluded woman affected by myth of the empress. The episode, appropriately, is entitled, "Sissi."
A heavily fictionalized version of Elisabeth's younger years is portrayed in a 1997 animated children's series, Princess Sissi.
Arielle Dombasle portrayed Elisabeth in the 2004 television film Sissi, l'impératrice rebelle, detailing the last five days of her life.
Sandra Ceccarelli portrayed an older Elisabeth in the 2006 television dramatization of the Mayerling Incident, The Crown Prince. Her son and his lover were played by Max von Thun and Vittoria Puccini.
September 17, 1902
The United States formally protests to the Romanian Government about its persecution of Jews.
September 17, 1908
“Bowdish-Goodlove
Special correspondence: At the home of Mr. W. H. Goodlove of Maine township, Thursday evening, the marriage of their daughter, Jessie Goodlove to Richard A. Bowdish, of Waubeek took place. The ceremony was performed by Rev. James Ballz of Marion, in the presence of twenty-five guests, at eight o’clock. After congratulations a three-course supper was served.
The groom is a young man of fine personal qualities, a prosperous farmer and is to be congratulated for his wise choice of the one who became his bride. The bride is a young woman of such graces of character as to place her high in the esteem of all who are numbered among her friends and acquaintances. Through her work as teacher in the county she is widely known and holds a prominent place in the educational forces of the state. Her work for the past three years being in the Cedar Rapids schools. Her natural mental endowments, and the years devoted to acquiring an education eminently fit her for the responsible positions she has held. The happy couple have the hearty congratulations of the entire community and a host of friends and acquaintances wish them the highest success in the journey they have so auspiciously begun. Mr. Bowdish has rented Mr. Goodlove’s farm and will occupy the cottage across the road from the bride’s parents.”
[Note: Jessie & Dick were marred September 17, 1908. LP]
September 17, 1908: Jessie Pearl Goodlove(July 15, 1882-August 24, 1967) married Ri¬chard Allen "Dick" Bowdish, September 17, 1908, at the home of the bride’s parents. Richard died in 1967. They had a daugh¬ter, Mary Catherine, born October 13, 1915, and a son Albert, born May 1, 1918. Dick and Jessie lived on the home farm of her parents, which they bought in 1913, until their retirement to Colorado. They wanted to be near the home of their daugh¬ter and husband, Merrill Jordan (Bk. I, F-32). Albert married Pearl Engstrom and both were missionaries in India until re¬tirement. They now live in Oklahoma (Bk. II, F-18).
It is interesting to note here that William’s son, Willis, mar¬ried the granddaughter of Levi Brown Andrews who had also served in the Civil War. (Bk. IL, F-3). Also to note that George B. Aikin (Bk. II, F-I) had also served in the Civil War and to wonder if the paths of these three men had ever crossed or had they ever met during their enlistments. George B. Aikin and William FL. Goodlove were great grandfathers, respectively, of Winton Goodlove, and Levi B. Andrews was his great, great, grandfather.
On September 17, 1924, the first issue of the “South Iowa American” was published. It announced its slogan to be “An Independent Progressive Newspaper with a Policy.” Its aim and purpose would be to carry on a program of unadulterated Americanism. It would stand unwaveringly behind any and all public officials in the enforcement of law.
September 17, 1937: The face of Thomas Jefferson was dedicated in 1936, and the face of Abraham Lincoln was dedicated on September 17, 1937. In 1937, a bill was introduced in Congress to add the head of civil-rights leader Susan B. Anthony, but a rider was passed on an appropriations bill requiring federal funds be used to finish only those heads that had already been started at that time.[19] In 1939, the face of Theodore Roosevelt was dedicated.
Abraham Lincoln's head was more of a challenge because of his beard, but his head was completed on the far right of the cliff, dedicated on September 17, 1937, it took 2 days, the 150th anniversary of the signing of the Constitution of the United States in 1787.
September 17, 1939: The Soviet Union invaded Poland during WW II. This invasion was part of the terms of the German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact that made it possible for the Germans to invade Poland. The Nazis traded half of Poland to ensure that the Germans would have a free hand in fighting the British and the French without having to worry about fighting the Soviets at the same time.
September 17, 1941: The Nazis took several thousand Jews taken from their homes in Kovno (Lithuania) and locked them in synagogues for three days. They then brought them to prepared ditches and shot them all..
September 17, 1941: A general deportation of German Jews remaining in the Fatherland. For those interested in the topic you might want to read The Last Jews in Berlin by Leonard Gross, which depicts the life of 18 Jews living in the capital of Nazi Germany.
September 17, 1942: The German Embassy had told the Gestapo that Romania and Bulgaria were no longer interested in their Jews. They thus became deportable (XXVa-252).
September 17, 1943: Commandant Kappler, the SS attache at the German embassy in Rome summoned Ugo Foa, President of the Rome-Jewish Community to his office and informed him that the jews of Rome might avoid deportation if they could give him fifty kilograms of gold within the next thirty-six hours.
September 17, 1944: As the Red Army approached, the Germans started the evacuation of the Bor labor camp. The first Hungarian death march began. Five thousand people would set off, only 9 would survive.
September 17, 1962: WILLIAM FREDRICK32 PENNINGTON (HAROLD LEWIS31, MINNIE ELIZABETH30 WHITSETT, LEANDER (LEE)29, LAURA F.28 CRAWFORD, JEPTHA M.27, VALENTINE "VOL"26, JOSEPH "JOSIAH"25, VALENTINE24, VALENTINE23, WILLIAM22, MAJOR GENERAL LAWRENCE21, HUGH20, HUGH19, CAPTAIN THOMAS18, LAWRENCE17, ROBERT16, MALCOLM15, MALCOLM14, ROGER13, REGINALD12, JOHN, JOHN, REGINALD DE CRAWFORD, HUGH OR JOHN, GALFRIDUS, JOHN, REGINALD5, REGINALD4, DOMINCUS3 CRAWFORD, REGINALD2, ALAN1) was born September 17, 1952 in Kansas City, Missouri. He married SHERRILL KAY CARPENTER January 26, 1986 in Hickman Mills, Missouri, daughter of DALE CARPENTER and ANITA OLIVER.
Child of WILLIAM PENNINGTON and SHERRILL CARPENTER is:
i. TRAVIS JOEL33 PENNINGTON, b. Independence, Missouri.
September 17, 1962 A House committee urges the Defense Department today to
penalize officials who wrongly withhold Government documents from the public on alleged
security grounds.
David Ferrie calls G. Wray Gill’s office today from Marshall, Texas.
A French Air Force engineer has admitted to being the leader of the plot to assassinate
President de Gaulle on Aug. 22. The assassination of the general, he says, would be for the good
of France. AOT
September 17, 1963 CIA operative William George Gaudet gets a visa to go to
Mexico along with an alleged Lee Harvey Oswald. Gaudet’s office is a “stone’s throw” from Guy
Banisters office 544 Camp Street in New Orleans.
Richard Case Nagell departs New Orleans en route to El Paso, Texas.
LHO visits Mexican consulate general in the Whitney Building, New Orleans, and fills
out an application for a tourist card. AOT
Also on this day Ambassador Syedou Diallo of Guinea in West Africa brings word to
William Attwood, then a special advisor to the United States delegation to the United Nations
and a former U.S. ambassador to Guinea, that Castro wants to reach some sort of understanding
with the Kennedy administration. This leads to secret meetings aimed at normalizing relations
between the U.S. and Cuba. This drive proceeds until 3 days after JFK’s assassination, when LBJ,
informed of the move, turns a cold shoulder.
September 17, 1978: Jimmy Carter Signs Camp David Accords.
September 17, 1978: An earthquake destroyed the city of Tabas in the province of Khorassan. The first estimate of the number of people killed was 11,000. The introduction of martial law in twelve cities was approved by Parliament. A government spokesman and the situation was returning to normal.
September 17, 1999: The United States Postal Service issued a "Roger Maris, 61 in 61" commemorative stamp on September 17, 1999.[citation needed]
September 17, 2005: In Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s first international appearance at the United Nation’s general assembly the new kid on the block launched a scathing attack at the United States and Europe. President of Iran, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.
September 17, 2008: So, Gottlieb existed as a name with a different meaning than Theophilos. However, its meaning was reinterpreted and it was paired up as a German translation of Theophilos and Amadeus.
That being said, I've seen Gutfreund and Gotfreund interchanged. So, it's certainly possible that our families sometime in the 18th century took the name "friend of God" because of a religious vocation (remember the Cohen link), and in my case, the name changed over a few years to Gutfreund. But, I have not real evidence for this.
From: Andre G Sent: Wednesday, September 17, 2008 9:37 PM
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