11,798 names…11,798 stories…11,798 memories
This Day in Goodlove History, September 25, 2014
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Jeffery Lee Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), Jefferson, LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, and including ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Adams, John Quincy Adams and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Martin Van Buren, Teddy Roosevelt, U.S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison “The Signer”, Benjamin Harrison, Jimmy Carter, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, William Taft, John Tyler (10th President), James Polk (11th President)Zachary Taylor, and Abraham Lincoln.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://wwwfamilytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
Birthdays on September 25...
John C.C. Burch (husband of the 7th cousin 4x removed)
Rebecca L. Burgess (3rd cousin 1x removed)
Nancy Ellis Reinhart (step daughter of the 3rd great granduncle)
Alice K. Kirby (2nd cousin 2x removed of ex)
Cynthia I. Kirby Mastenbroek (ex sister in law)
Sarah L. Kruse (3rd cousin)
Nancy H. Mckinnon Reinhart (1st cousin 4x removed)
Ellen E. Uhrbrock (half 5th cousin 2x removed)
Rayne M. Winch (1st cousin 1x removed)
September 25, 275 Marcus Claudius Tacitus appointed Roman emperor by the senate. By now the Roman Empire was in decline and Emperor’s served at the pleasure of the Army. In the case of Tacitus, that meant a mere six months. One of the Emperor’s greatest claims to fame was his relationship to the Tacitus, the famous first century Roman historian. When it came to writing about the Jews, Tacitus (the historian) was not bothered by the facts. He helped to propagate the claim that the ancient Israelites were a group of plague-infested Egyptians who were driven into the desert to die. In his Histories sounded themes that would be the staple of anti-Semites for the next two thousand years. Jewish customs were vile and disgusting. The vileness of their customs were actually the source of their strength. Jews were compassionate and honest when dealing within their own community, but have nothing but contempt for the rest of mankind. He did not see them as a political threat, but saw them as a corrupting influence that would undermine the moral fiber of the empire. For this reason he advocated that they become as far from the imperial capitol as possible.[1]
September 25, 1534: Prince Henry danced and jousted for Catherine. The fourteen-year-old couple left their wedding ball at midnight to perform their nuptial duties. Henry arrived in the bedroom with King Francis, who is said to have stayed until the marriage was consummated. He noted that "each had shown valour in the joust".[19] Clement visited the newlyweds in bed the next morning and added his blessings to the night's proceedings.[22]
Catherine saw little of her husband in their first year of marriage, but the ladies of the court treated her well, impressed with her intelligence and keenness to please.[23] The death of Pope Clement VII on September 25, 1534, however, undermined Catherine's standing in the French court. The next pope, Paul III, broke the alliance with France and refused to pay her huge dowry. King Francis lamented, "The girl has come to me stark naked."[24]
Prince Henry showed no interest in Catherine as a wife; instead, he openly took mistresses. For the first ten years of the marriage, Catherine failed to produce any children. In 1537, on the other hand, Philippa Duci, one of Henry's mistresses, gave birth to a daughter, whom he publicly acknowledged.[25] This proved that Henry was fertile and added to the pressure on Catherine to produce a child.
Dauphine[edit]
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Henry, Duke of Orléans, by Corneille de Lyon. During his childhood, Henry spent almost four and a half years as a hostage in Spain, an ordeal that marked him for life, leaving him introverted and gloomy.[26]
In 1536, Henry's older brother, Francis, caught a chill after a game of tennis, contracted a fever, and died, leaving Henry the heir. As Dauphine, Catherine was now expected to provide a future heir to the throne.[27] According to the court chronicler Brantôme, "many people advised the king and the Dauphin to repudiate her, since it was necessary to continue the line of France".[28] Divorce was discussed. In desperation, Catherine tried every known trick for getting pregnant, such as placing cow dung and ground stags' antlers on her "source of life", and drinking mule's urine.[29] [2]
September 25, 1565: A proclamation was signed by the King and Queen giving King precedence; papal dispensation issued September 25, 1565 (backdated to May 25,1565); signed a bond ( March 1, 1566) taking responsibility for the plot to murder David Rizzio, Mary's secretary; conspired to murder Rizzio in Mary's private chambers at Holyrood. [3] [4]
September 25, 1586: In a successful attempt to entrap her, Walsingham had deliberately arranged for Mary's letters to be smuggled out of Chartley. Mary was misled into thinking her letters were secure, while in reality they were deciphered and read by Walsingham.[196] From these letters it was clear that Mary had sanctioned the attempted assassination of Elizabeth.[197] She was moved to Fotheringay Castle in a four-day journey ending on September 25.[5]
September 25, 1586: The Queen of Scots is removed to Fotheringay Castle,^^[6] never more to leave it alive. [7]
September 25, 1660: Catherine is credited with the introduction of tea drinking to Britain, although Samuel Pepys makes reference to drinking tea for the first time in his diary entry for September 25, 1660 (i.e. prior to Catherine's emigration to England and marriage to Charles). It is likely that she popularised the drink, which was unusual in Britain.[17] She is also credited for the introduction of tobacco and cutlery to Britan.
It is believed that Queens, a borough of New York City, was named after Catherine of Braganza, since she was queen when Queens County was established in 1683, alongside Kings County (Brooklyn, originally named after her husband, King Charles II), and Richmond County (Staten Island, named after his illegitimate son, the 1st Duke of Richmond).[18][19][20]
Because it was alleged that the Queen and her family had profited from the slave trade, a recent effort to build a 10 m (33 ft)-tall statue in her honour in Queens was defeated by local African American, Irish-American and community groups.[21] A quarter-scale model survives at the site of Expo '98, in Lisbon, Portugal, facing Queens across the Atlantic.
Titles, styles and arms
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Catherine's coat of arms as queen consort of England[8]
September 25, 1690
Publick Occurrences, printed in Boston, becomes the first newspaper in the Colonies.[9]
September 25, 1694: Birthdate Henry Pelham who while serving as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom would oversee the passage of the Jew Act of 1753, which allowed Jews to become naturalized by application to Parliament.[10]
1695: Andrew Vance Jr. was born in 1695, the s/o Andrew Vance abt. 1770, and Elizabeth "Colvin" Vance. He later married Mary Cook b. 1695.[11]
1695: Mary Cook was born in 1695. She later married Andrew Vance Jr. b. 1695, he is the s/o Andrew Vance b. abt.1670, and Elizabeth "Colvin" Vance.[12]
September 25, 1725: King Louis XV of France married Maria Leszczynska. Jews may well have taken part of the wedding celebrations since Louis XV had publicly guaranteed the rights of Jews living in southern France when he came to throne in 1723. This change in policy from his father Louis IV may have been the result of 110,000 lives payment made in honor of “the joyous event of his Majesty’s coronation.”[13]
1726: VALENTINE23 CRAWFORD, SR. (WILLIAM22, MAJOR GENERAL LAWRENCE21, HUGH20, HUGH19, CAPTAIN THOMAS18, LAWRENCE17, ROBERT16, MALCOLM15, MALCOLM14, ROGER13, REGINALD12, JOHN, JOHN, REGINALD DE CRAWFORD, HUGH OR JOHN, GALFRIDUS, JOHN, REGINALD5, REGINALD4, DOMINCUS3 CRAWFORD, REGINALD2, ALAN1) was born 1672 in Delaware, and died 1726 in Westmoreland County, Virginia. He married HONORA GRIMES 1716.
Notes for VALENTINE CRAWFORD, SR.:
Notes for Valentine Crawford, Sr:
Acted as a secretary or an assistant to George Washington. He is reported to have been elected to the
Virginia House of Burgess and voted in that body in 1758.
More About Valentine Crawford, Sr:
Fact 2: 1748, Applied for 100 acres of land in Frederick Co., VA
Fact 3: June 21, 1754, Paid for the 100 acres.
Children of VALENTINE CRAWFORD and HONORA GRIMES are:
39. i. MARY24 CRAWFORD, b. Abt. 1716, Westmoreland County, Virginia.
ii. ELIZABETH CRAWFORD, b. 1718, Virginia; m. UFN ROSS.
40. iii. MARTHA CRAWFORD, b. 1720, Westmoreland County, Virginia.
41. iv. COLONEL WILLIAM CRAWFORD, b. September 02, 1722, Westmoreland County, Virginia; d. June 11, 1782, Crawford, Ohio.
42. v. VALENTINE CRAWFORD, JR., b. Abt. 1724, Fredrick County, Virginia; d. January 07, 1777, Fayette county, Pennsylvania. [14]
1726
Honora Crawford (widow) marries Richard Stephenson, the indentured servant.
The Brothers Crawford, Allen W. Scholl, 1995
Thursday, March 30, 2006 (3)
This home, located on what is known to be the old Stephenson place in the Shenandoah Valley.[15]
John Stephenson was born.
The Brothers Crawford, Allen W. Scholl, 1995
After Valentine Crawford's death in 1726 in Westmoreland County, Virginia, Honora moved to Frederick County, Virginia.
http://www.homestead.com/AlanCole/CrawfordRootsII.html
by William Henry
1726
John Battaile was one of the first justices sof Caroline in 1728.
He was son of Col. John Battaile, of Rappahannock and Essex Counties
who was a captain of rangers in service against the Indians n 1692 and a
burgess for Essex in the same year. He married elizabeth, daughter of
Col. Lawrence Smsith of Gloucester.[16]
After 1726
After William Crawford's fathers death, his mother, Honora Grimes Crawford, married Richard Stephenson and soon after they moved to Frederick County, Virginia. [17]
1726: Jane Martin was born in 1726. She later married Alexander Vance Sr. b. 1725, the s/o John Vance b. 1699, and Elizabeth "LNU" Vance. [18]
1727 Jews expelled from Russia.[19] Edict of Catherine I of Russia: “The Jews…who are found in Ukraine and in other Russian provinces are to be expelled at once beyond the frontiers of Russia.”[20]
1727
The section of
Essex County in which Andrew2 Harrison (compilers 7th great grandfather) lived and died, became in
1727, a part of the newly-erected County of Caroline.[21]
1727
In 1727, a colorful comment that tells us something about the man, and about the time in which he lived, was entered in Essex County Order Book 7, "Andrew2 Harrison being arrested at the suit of James Gillison in debt and he having rescued himself by a superior force out of the sheriff's custody, order is granted to the said plaintiff against the daid defendant for what shall appear due at next Court unless the defendant then appear and answer the said suit." [22]
September 25, 1738: Susannah Randolph (born September 25, 1738)[2] married Carter Henry Harrison I (the brother of Benjamin Harrison V, the son of Benjamin Harrison IV, and the grandson of Benjamin Harrison III and Robert "King" Carter) and had six children.[7][9] She was the great-grandmother of Carter Henry Harrison III, a five-time mayor of Chicago.[7][9]
September 1771: Dunmore actively served as royal governor of the Coloney of Virginia from September 25, 1771 until his departure to New York in 1776, he continued to hold the position until 1783 when American independence was recognized and continued to draw his pay. [23]
September 25, 1772: Washington wrote to William Crawford to take up land down the Ohio, below the mouth of the Sciota River.[24]
No. 16. [25] George WASHINGTON TO William CRAWFORD.
MOUNT VERNON, September 25, 1773.
DEAR Sir :—I have heard (the truth of which, if you saw Lord Dunmore in his way to or from Pittsburgh,[26] you possibly are better acquainted with than I am) that his Lordship will grant patents for lands lying below the Scioto, to the officers and soldiers who claim under the proclamation of October, 1763. [27] If so, I think no time should be lost in having them surveyed, lest some new revolution should happen in our political system. I have, therefore, by this conveyance, written to Captain Bullitt,4 to desire he will have ten thousand acres surveyed for me; five thousand of which I am entitled to in my own right.; the other five thousand, by purchase from a captain and lieutenant.
I have desired him to get this quantity of land in one tract, if to be bad of the first quality; if not, then in two, or even in three, agreeably to the several rights under which I hold, rather than survey bad land for me, or even that which is middling. I have also desired him to get it[28] as near the mouth of the Scioto, [29] that is, to the western bounds of the new colony, [30] as may be; but for the sake of better lands, I would go quite down to the Falls, [31] or even below; meaning thereby to get richer and wider bottoms, as it is my desire to have my lands run out upon the banks of the Ohio. If you should go down the river this fall, in order to look out your own quantity under the proclamation, I shall be much obliged to you for your assistance to Captain Bullitt in getting these ten thousand acres for me, of the most valuable land you can, and I will endeavor to make you ample amends for your trouble; but I by no means wish or desire you to go down on my account, unless you find it expedient on your own. Of this, I have written to Captain Bullitt, under cover to you, desiring, if you should be with him, that he will ask your assistance.
As I have understood that Captain Thompson [32] (by what authority I know not) has been surveying a good deal of land for the Pennsylvania officers, and that Dr. Connolly[33] has a promise from our Governor of two thousand acres at the Falls, I have desired Captain Bullitt by no means to involve me in disputes with any person who has all equal claim to land with myself, under the proclamation of 1763.
As to the pretensions of other people, it is not very essential; as I am told that the Governor has declared he will grant patents to none but the officers and soldiers who are comprehended within the proclamation aforementioned; but even of these claims, if I could get lands equally as good, as convenient, and as valuable in every respect, elsewhere, I should choose to steer clear. [34]
Old David Wilper, who was an officer in our regiment, and has been with Bullitt running out land for himself and others, tells me that they have already discovered four salt springs in that country; three of which Captain Thompson has included within some surveys he has made; and the other, an exceedingly valuable one, upon the River Kentucky, is in some kind of dispute. I wish I could establish one of my surveys there; I would immediately turn it to an extensive public benefit as well as private advantage. However, as four are already discovered, it is more than probable there are many others; and if you could come at the knowledge of them by means of the Indians, or otherwise, I would join you in. taking them up in the name or names of some persons who have a right under the proclamation, and whose right we can be sure of buying, as it seems there is no other method of having lands granted; but this should be done with a good deal of circumspection and caution, till patents are obtained.
I did not choose to forego the opportunity of writing to you by the gentlemen who are going to divide their land at the mouth of the great Kenhawa, though I could wish to have delayed it till I could hear from the Governor, to whom I have written, to know certainly whether he will grant patents for the land which Captain Bullitt is surveying, that one may proceed with safety ; as, also, whether a discretionary power, which I had given Mr. Wood[35] to select my land in West Florida, under an information, even from his Lordship himself, that lands could not be had here, would be any bar to my surveying on the Ohio; especially as I have heard since Mr. Wood’s departure that all the lands on that part of the Mississippi, to which he was restricted by me, are already engaged by the emigrants who have resorted to that country. Should I, however, receive any discouraging account frorri his Lordship on these heads, I shall embrace the first opportunity that offers afterwards to acquaint you with it.
By Mr. Leet[36] I informed you of the unhappy cause which prevented my going out this fall.[37] But I hope nothing will prevent my seeing you in that country in the spring. The precise time, as yet, it is not in my power to fix; but I should be glad if you would let me know how soon it may be attended with safety, ease, and comfort, after which I will fix upon a time to be at your house.[38]
I am, in the meanwhile, with sincere good wishes for you, Mrs. Crawford, and family, your friend, etc.[39]
No. 17.—WASHINGTON TO CRAWFORD.
MOUNT VERNON, September 25, 1773.
DEAR SIR :—Since writing the inclosed, [40] I have further understood that the Governor, from some displeasure at Captain Bullitt’s conduct (whether for surveying at all or for other persons, besides those claiming under the prociaination, or whether for a speech and engagement which he entered into with the Indians), has ordered him in.[41] If the Governor’s displeasure proceeded from the last-mentioned cause, I should be glad (in case of your going down the river in pursuit of your own land) if you could obtain a license from him to survey my quantity of ten thousand acres, as I will endeavor to get him to authenticate it, in order that I may proceed to patenting of it, if the Governor thinks himself at liberty to grant one.
I have written to Bullitt to this effect, and though I know I gave him mortal offense, by interesting myself in procuring the commission I did for you, yet I have some expectation of his complying with my request. If he does comply, you must know from him what surveys he has made, as also what entries are lodged, in order that you may steer clear of them; and I would recommend it to you to use dispatch, for depend upon it, if it be once known that the Governor will grant patents for these lands, the officers of Pennsylvania, Maryland, Carolina, etc., will flock there in shoals, and every valuable spot will be taken up contiguous to the river, on which the lands, unless it be where there are some peculiar properties, will always be most valuable. I am, etc. [42]
September 25th, 1774: One of the scouts that had crossed to the west side of the Kanawha returned, and reported that about four miles from camp a small party of Indians had passed the scouts in the night with horses, and going down the river. The evening of the 25th, (September 25)Colonel Lewis sent scouts to discover the whereabouts of Lord Dunmore and to ascertain when he would arrive with his troops at the place designated for meeting, the mouth of the Little Kanawha. [43]
September 25, 1777
On the 25th of September the army, moving in two columns, advanced as far as Germantown, five English miles from Philadelphia. The right wing extended through the town toward Frankford Creek and the left as far as the Wissahickon. The Hessian jager Corps was posted by a stone bridge over the latter to form an outpost toward the Schuykill.[44]
September 25, 1777: John Adams began drafting conditions for a possible commercial treaty between France and the future independent colonies of the United States, which declined the presence of French troops and any aspect of French authority in colonial affairs.[6] On September 25 the Continental congress ordered commissioners, led by Benjamin Franklin, to seek a treaty with France based upon Adams draft treaty that had later been formalized into a Model Treaty which sought the establishment of reciprocal trade relations with France but declined to mention any possible military assistance from the French government.[7] Despite orders to seek no direct military assistance from France, the American commissioners were instructed to work to acquire most favored nation trading relations with France, along with additional military aid, and also encouraged to reassure any Spanish delegates at that the United States had no desire to acquire Spanish lands in the Americas in the hopes that Spain would in turn enter a possible Franco-American alliance.[8]
Despite an original openness to the alliance, after word of the Declaration of Independence and a British evacuation of Boston reached France, the French Foreign Minister, Comte de Vergennes, put off signing a formal alliance with the United States after receiving news of British victories over General George Washington in New York.[7] With the help of the Committee of Secret Correspondence, established by the U.S. Continental Congress to promote the American cause in France, and his standing as a model of republican simplicity within French society, Benjamin Franklin was able to gain a secret loan and clandestine military assistance from the Foreign Minister but was forced to put off negotiations on a formal alliance while the French government negotiated a possible alliance with Spain.[7]
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Benjamin Franklin's celebrity like status in France helped win French support for the United States during the American Revolutionary War.[7]
With the defeat of Britain at the Battle of Saratoga and growing rumors of secret British peace offers to Franklin, France sought to seize an opportunity to take advantage of the rebellion and abandoned negotiations with Spain to begin discussions with the United States on a formal alliance.[7] [45]
September 25, 1780: Of the more than 1,000 mounted riflemen who assembled at Sycamore Shoals on September 25, Shelby and Sevier brought 240 each. Colonel William Campbell, a towerning, red-haired Scot carrying the family’s Highland broadsword, came in with 400 Virginians. Colonel Charles McDowell arrived with 160 of his North Carolinians. The majority of those present brought their womenfolk and children, who came to see fathers, sons, or brothers off to the war. The gathering had a gala air. As Dykeman recounts: “The men talked and planned and prepared. AZnd the women cooked, made last minute patches or polishedings on clothing or equipment, and they talked and worried over the dangers” (With Fire and Sword). [46]
September 25, 1788: It is now conjectured that King George III suffered from the hereditary disease porphyria.[14] In the summer of 1788 his mental health deteriorated, but he was nonetheless able to discharge some of his duties and to declare Parliament prorogued from September 25, to November 20. During the prorogation George III became deranged, posing a threat to his own life, and when Parliament reconvened in November the King could not deliver the customary speech from the throne during the State Opening of Parliament. Parliament found itself in an untenable position; according to long-established law it could not proceed to any business until the delivery of the King's Speech at a State Opening.[11][15]
Although arguably barred from doing so, Parliament began debating a Regency. In the House of Commons, Charles James Fox declared his opinion that the Prince of Wales was automatically entitled to exercise sovereignty during the King's incapacity. A contrasting opinion was held by the Prime Minister, William Pitt the Younger, who argued that, in the absence of a statute to the contrary, the right to choose a Regent belonged to Parliament alone.[16] He even stated that, without parliamentary authority "the Prince of Wales had no more right ... to assume the government, than any other individual subject of the country."[17] Though disagreeing on the principle underlying a Regency, Pitt agreed with Fox that the Prince of Wales would be the most convenient choice for a Regent.[11][15]
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Miniature of George by Richard Cosway (1792).
The Prince of Wales—though offended by Pitt's boldness—did not lend his full support to Fox's approach. The prince's brother, Prince Frederick, Duke of York, declared that the prince would not attempt to exercise any power without previously obtaining the consent of Parliament.[18] Following the passage of preliminary resolutions Pitt outlined a formal plan for the Regency, suggesting that the powers of the Prince of Wales be greatly limited. Among other things, the Prince of Wales would not be able either to sell the King's property or to grant a peerage to anyone other than a child of the King. The Prince of Wales denounced Pitt's scheme, declaring it a "project for producing weakness, disorder, and insecurity in every branch of the administration of affairs."[19] In the interests of the nation, both factions agreed to compromise.[15]
A significant technical impediment to any Regency Bill involved the lack of a Speech from the Throne, which was necessary before Parliament could proceed to any debates or votes. The Speech was normally delivered by the King, but could also be delivered by royal representatives known as Lords Commissioners; but no document could empower the Lords Commissioners to act unless the Great Seal of the Realm was affixed to it. The Seal could not be legally affixed without the prior authorisation of the Sovereign. Pitt and his fellow ministers ignored the last requirement and instructed the Lord Chancellor to affix the Great Seal without the King's consent, as the act of affixing the Great Seal in itself gave legal force to the Bill. This legal fiction was denounced by Edmund Burke as a "glaring falsehood",[20] as a "palpable absurdity",[20] and even as a "forgery, fraud".[21] The Prince of Wales's brother, the Duke of York, described the plan as "unconstitutional and illegal."[19] [47]
September 25, 1793 – On the way to attack White's Fort (now Knoxville, Tennessee), a combined force of over one thousand Cherokee and Muscogee warriors under John Watts attacked a small fortified homestead called Cavett's Station. After Watts negotiated a surrender, another Cherokee chieftain, Doublehead, attacked and killed the family in violation of the terms despite the attempts of Watts and James Vann to prevent it. The incident causes the break-up of the invasion force and leads to a bitter rivalry between Vann and Doublehead that causes a rift in the Nation which lasts long past their deaths.[48]
September 25, 1812: William Henry Harrison called on the citizenry to support the troops. Harrison developed a plan to attack Detroit by means of a strong advance force with artillery, while mobile forces guarded communication lines in the rear. Preparatory to the final thrust by land, the advance forces were to unite at the Maumee (or Miami) Rapids opposite the old battle site of Fallen Timbers.
Harrison's complex plan also incorporated actions to make Ohio and Indiana safe. Within Ohio were several Indian villages - Delawares, Shawnees, and Wyandots and others, all within striking distance of Fort Wayne. For the protection of the exposed frontier, three lines of approach were mapped. Gen. Winchester's main base of supply was to be a new outpost erected near old Fort Defiance, rendezvous of the army's left wing. The Ohio militia, assembled under General Edward Tupper at Urbana, was counted on to garrison the chain of forts erected during the march to Detroit in June. On the right wing, the Virginia and Pennsylvania militia, approaching from Pittsburgh, were to rendezvous with the eastern Ohio militia at outposts along the Sandusky River within striking distance of the Rapids. However, there were no good east-west roads in northwest Ohio and a vast miry tract known as the Black Swamp would have to be either causewayed or frozen over before the artillery could advance.
Thus, unless the fall would be dry enough to dry out the swamp, it was likely to be a winter campaign, so Harrison called on army contractors to supply a million and more rations to be deposited at outposts along the three routes. If Detroit and Malden were to be taken, ample supplies would have to be deposited at the Rapids and a strong fort constructed to counter the threat of enemy warships. Such was the great project to be accomplished in addition to the defense of the Indian frontier. Furthermore, another defeat was not to be risked, according to President Madison's instructions.
Harrison immediately moved up to St. Marys with newly arrived detachments to supervise the construction of Fort Barbee. To insure transportation of adequate supplies to Winchester's army, then advancing northeasterly up the Maumee from Fort Wayne, he sent on a force to cut a road along the Auglaize Trail to Defiance, 60 miles in advance, and to erect two outposts. A drove of 300 cattle and 200 packhorses destined for Winchester were pushed forward by the road-builders as they labored in the Black Swamp. [49]
September 25, 1818 - Osage
The Treaty of St. Louis (also known as the Treaty with the Osage or the Osage Treaty) was signed on September 25, 1818 in St. Louis between William Clark of the United States and members of the Osage Nation. Based on the terms of the accord, the Osage ceded all territories to the United States beginning at the Arkansas River and ending at the Verdigris River. The specifications of the lands ceded to the United States are found in Article 1 of the accord:
Whereas, the Osage nations have been embarrassed by the frequent demands for property taken from citizens of the United States, by war parties, and other thoughtless men of their several bands, (both before and since their war with the Cherokees) and as the exertions of their chiefs have been ineffectual in recovering and delivering such property, conformably with the condition of the ninth article of a treaty, entered into with the United States at Fort Clark, the tenth of November, one thousand eight hundred and eight; and as the deductions from their annuities, in conformity to the said article, would deprive them of any for several years, and being destitute of funds to do that justice to the citizens of the United States, which is calculated to prompt a friendly intercourse, they have agreed, and do hereby agree, to cede to the United States, and forever quit claim to the tract of country included within the following bounds, to-wit: Beginning at the Arkansaw River, at where the present Osage boundary line strikes the river at Frog Bayou; then up the Arkansaw and Verdigris to the fall of Verdigris river; thence, eastwardly, to the said Osage boundary line at a point twenty leagues north from the Arkansaw river; and, with that line, to the place of beginning.[4][50]
September 25, 1822: Andrew Jackson returned from Alabama to Hermitage. [51]
1823-1850:
San Antonio 234[52]
September 25, 1829: Benjamin Harrison Schooler. Born on September 25, 1829 in Ohio. Benjamin Harrison died on June 16, 1919; he was 89.[53]
September 25, 1832: Nancy McKinnon. Born on September 25, 1832 in Auglaize, Ohio. Nancy died in Auglaize, Ohio on February 17, 1855; she was 22. Nancy married George REINHART [8], son of Michael REINHART & Magdelena. Born on December 9, 1822 in Alsace, France. George died in Polk, Oregon on March 22, 1908; he was 85.[54]
September 25, 1840: MORRIS JAMES CRAWFORD, b. November 30, 1838; d. September 25, 1840.[55]
September 25, 1852: ROBERT "RIPPER" LEE CRAWFORD, b. March 1803, Clark County, Kentucky; d. April 23, 1873, Estell County, Kentucky; m. MATILDA V. WATSON, September 25, 1852. [56]
Sun. September 25, 1864
Started at 6 am marched 14 miles
No skirmishing to day camped at Harrisonburg[57]
Reg ordered to report for train
Gard got plenty of forage[58]
)William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary)[59]
September 25, 1868: Mary Jane Nix14 [John Nix13, John A. Nix12, Grace Louisa Francis Smith11, Gabriel Smith10, John “LR” Smith9, Ambrose J. Smith8, Christopher Smith7, Christopher Smith6, Thomas Smythe5, Thomas Smythe4, John Smythe3, Richard2, William1] (b. October 23, 1868 in Randolph Co. AL / d. June 21, 1935 in TX) married John C. Commander Burch (b. September 25, 1868 in Randolph Co. AL / d. June 8, 1951 in TX), the son of Edward Burch and Elizabeth Taylor, on September 15, 1887 in Cullman Co. AL. [60]
September 25, 1885: Fennell Jones. Born on September 25, 1885 in Milan, Missouri. Fennell died in Chicago, Illinois on October 17, 1946; he was 61.[61]
September 25, 1890
(Pleasant Valley) Miss Cora Goodlove is attending school in Marion. Cora is a good scholar and we hope she will be successful.[62]
Charlene Anne Sutton
September 25, 1919 - January 4, 2002
http://www.goettschonline.com/sitemaker/memsol_data/1483/398643/100.jpg
Life Legacy
Charlene Sutton age 82, of Monticello, died Friday, January 4, 2002 at the Monticello Nursing and Rehabilitation Center following an extended illness. Funeral services will be held 10:30 Tuesday morning, January 8, 2002 at the Goettsch Funeral Home, Monticello with interment in the Oakwood Cemetery. Friends may call from 4 until 8 Monday at the Goettsch Funeral Home. Rev. Edwin Moreano will officiate at the services. Surviving is her daughter, Lois (Merle) Winch, Hopkinton, 2 sisters, Helen Hoyer, Center Junction, Dorothy (Donald) Maire, Monticello, 5 Grandchildren and 8 great Grandchildren. She was preceded in death by her Parents and her husband, Chester. Charlene Rollf was born September 25, 1919 at Maquoketa, Iowa. She was the daughter of Charles Marion and Anna Louise Scott Rollf. Charlene received her education in the Monticello Community Schools graduating with the class of 1937. Charlene married Chester Sutton on July 11, 1939 at Dubuque, Iowa. Charlene was employed at Energy Manufacturing from 1950 until 1985 where she worked in the assembly department. Chester preceded her in death on November 7, 1977. Charlene was a volunteer at the Senior Home for many years.
http://www.goettschonline.com/sitemaker/memsol_templates/floral_new/floral_new-3/style/spc.gif
http://www.goettschonline.com/sitemaker/memsol_templates/floral_new/floral_new-3/style/photocorner.png
Born: September 25, 1919
Death: January 4, 2002
This memorial provided by:
GOETTSCH FUNERAL HOME [63]
September 25, 1919: The trustees of Buck Creek Church agreed to pay their new pastor a salary higher than that of any other Methodist pastor in the county. This did not go unnoticed, drawing the following commentary from the editor of the Manchester Press: “Big Salary for Rural Pastor”. The Hopkinton Leader says that the official board of the Buck Creek Church has decided to pay the pastor a salary of $2,000 per year and house rent. Ever been to Buck Creek? Well, it is purely a farming community, no town to draw on, yet the farmer church goers of that locality feel able to pay a preacher $200 a year more than is received by the pastor of the Methodist church in Manchester. We say that is going some.” [64]
September 25, 1941: In Kovno, the Germans gave the Jewish Council 5,000 work passes, placing upon them the burden of choosing who shall work and live, and who shall die.[65]
September 25, 1942(14th of Tishrei, 5703): Four hundred eighty-one French Jews, including Rene' Blum, the brother of the former French Prime Minister were killed in Birkenau.[66]
September 25, 1942: : Two thousand more Jews were deported from the "show ghetto" at Theresienstadt.
Learning about the impending liquidation of their ghetto, some Jews of Korets, Ukraine sought refuge in the woods while others resist by setting the ghetto ablaze. Resistance is led by Moshe Gildenman.
Swiss police decree that race alone does not guarantee refugee status, thus preventing Jews from crossing the Swiss border to safety.
Seven hundred Romanian Jews, interned at Drancy, are deported to Auschwitz.
(14th of Tishrei, 5703): Abraham Gamzu, chairman of the Jewish Council at Kaluszyn, Poland, is executed after refusing to deliver Jews for deportation. Six thousand of the town's residents are deported to the Treblinka death camp and later killed.
Lian Berkowitz, a member of the anti-Nazi Red Orchestra was arrested and formally charged today in Berlin.[67]
Convoy 37, September 25, 1942
Convoy 37 was primarily (729) composed of Romanian Jews. On September 24, the day before the departure, 1,594 Romanian Jews had been arrested in the Paris region. A series of Gestapo and German diplomatic service documents made it possible to reconstruct the steps taken by the Nazis to seize this particular group of Jews. Romania was allied with Germany. But under the pressure of Gustav Richter, Eichmann’s representative in Bucharest, the Romanian Jews living in France lost the protection of their government. On September 17, the German Embassy had told the Gestapo that Romania and Bulgaria were no longer interested in their Jews. They thus became deportable (XXVa-252). The next day, the Gestapo informed the RSHA in Berlin that the deportation of Romanian Jews would not exceed 3,000 persons (XXVc-177; related documents are XXV-45; XXVa-121 to 150 and 252; XXVI-65; and XXVc-175 to 178). Arrested on September 24, more than 700 Romanian Jews were deported the next day. The majority of them were gassed in Auschwitz on September 27, less than 80 hours after they lost their freedom in Paris.[68]
Erwin Gotlieb, born August 6, 1896 in Caica, Romania was on board Convoy 37. [69]
There were 473 males and 531 females in this convoy. One hundred twenty seven were children under 17. The list, in very poor condition, comprises six sublists.
1. Camp of Le Vernet—71 people, ranging in age from 17 to 57.
2. Camp of Rivesaltes—83 people. Men and women; no birthplace listed.
3. Special list—7 people.
4. Drancy—571 people, among them many entire families.
5. Drancy 2—238 people.
6. Last minute departures—37 people,
The routine telex to Eichmann and Auschwitz was composed by SS Heinrichsohn and signed by his superior, Rothke. It stated that convoy 901/32, transporting 1,000 Jews, left Le Bourget/Drancy on September 25 at 8:55 AM for Auschwitz, under the supervision of Feldwebel Poller. It also indicated that among the deportees was film producer Nathan Tannenzapf ((see sublist 3), deprived of his French citizenship by the French government.
This convoy, carrying a total of 1,004 people, arrived in Auschwitz on September 27, after a selection at Kosel of .0 175 men. In Auschwitz, another 40 men were selected for work and received numbers 66030 through 66069. Ninety one women received numbers 20913 through 21003. The rest of the convoy went immediately to the gas chambers.
In 1945, 15 people remained alive. [70]
September 25, 1942
Lazarus Gottlieb, born July 20,1866 in Lemberg, Galizien. Charlottenburg, Bleibtreustr. 49; 67. Alterstransport. Resided Berlin. Deportation: from Berlin September 25,1942, Theresienstadt. Date of death: October 29,1942 am, Thereseinstadt. [71]
September 25, 1943: 1943: The Chief Rabbi of Athens, Ilia Barzilai, escaped from the city disguised as a peasant. He reached Thessaly where he promoted the Greek partisans, saving some 600 Jews by smuggling them across the Aegean to Turkey. The smuggled boats and money came from the Jewish Labor Federation in Palestine. After two days of selections, only 2,000 out of 10,000 Jews remained in the Vilna Ghetto. They were placed in local labor camps.[72]
September 25, 1963: The news that JFK would visit Dallas broke on Sept. 25, 1963. The attack on Stevenson came a month later.[73]
September 25, 1963 On this day, as Oswald is supposed to be somewhere between
New Orleans and Mexico on a bus, a person claiming to be Harvey Oswald presents himself at
the Selective Service office in Austin, Texas. He is there for thirty minutes discussing what he
might do about his dishonorable discharge from the Marine Corps. In Mexico, a O. H. Lee
registers at the Hotel del Comercio, a meeting place for anti-Castro Cuban exiles.
Sometime between eight in the morning and noon, LHO cashes a Texas unemployment
check at a Winn-Dixie store at 4303 Magazine Street in New Orleans. AOT
On the bus to Mexico City, Oswald reportedly sits next to a man identified as Albert
Osborne, an elderly itinerant preacher.
Albert Osborne is really John (“Jack”) Bowen as he finally admits to the FBI. (When Oswald is
captured following the assassination, we are told he had a library card in his wallet with Jack L. Bowen’s
name on it This card later disappeared from the evidence.) Later, when three “tramps” are arrested in
Dealey Plaza immediately following JFK’s assassination, one of the names used by the older tramp
will be “Albert Alexander Osborne.” He will also use the name “Howard Bowen.”
LHO is seen in a Dallas bus station at 6 PM today. There is also credible testimony that
LHO is interviewed at a Selective Service office in Austin, Texas today - between 1:05 PM and 1:35
PM. If there is not an Oswald impostor at work, then it appears that LHO is being flown to various
locations via private aircraft today - possibly piloted by David Ferrie. It has been speculated that
the conspirators never intended for the assassination to appear to be the act of a lone gunman
without accomplices. Rather, the lone gunman idea will be a creation of the Warren Commission,
after the fact.
On television, Joseph Valachi, a former soldier and “made” man in New York’s Genovese
family, in his appearance before Senator John McClellan’s subcommittee on organized crime,
publicly testifies on the inner workings of the Mafia in America. For the first time, America
hears the term “Cosa Nostra.” (It is worth noting, in passing, that Lee Harvey Oswald was heard using the
expression Cosa Nostra in the summer of 1963, before the expression was known to anyone outside of the Cosa Nostra
itself and the FBI.)
William Attwood has his second secret meeting with Carlos Lechuga regarding the
possibility of better relations between Cuba and the U.S. (NIYL) [74]
September 25, 1972
LIVE OAK CEMETERY, MONROVIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
H "Goodlove, Marie B." 1904 - 1978 Wife H "Goodlove, Ralph J." 1893 - 1972 Husband[75]
September 25, 2003: John Murphy. "Jewish? Africans knew it all along." The Baltimore Sun (September 25, 2003). Excerpts:
"For years the outside world dismissed the Lemba's claims as sheer fantasy. That changed in 1999, when geneticists from the United States, Great Britain and Israel discovered some backing for the claims. The researchers found that Lemba men carried a DNA signature on their Y chromosome that is believed unique to the relatively small number of Jews known as the Cohanim, who trace their ancestry to the priests of the ancient Jewish Temple and, ultimately, to Aaron, brother of Moses. ... After the discovery, Kulanu and other Jewish organizations ventured to Lemba villages to understand the Lemba's history and practices and introduce the Lemba to mainstream Jewish beliefs and practices. Some Lemba began learning Hebrew and visited Israel; some renounced Christian beliefs. Others recast their traditional Lemba ceremonies as counterparts to traditional Jewish holidays... Still, the community as a whole appears to be at a crossroads. Some Lemba consider themselves Jewish while continuing to embrace Christian services and African rituals. ... Still, he [Tudor Parfitt] cautions, the question of whether the Lemba are Jewish has not been answered conclusively: 'DNA itself doesn't make anybody Jewish. All it can do is say something about their ancestry.' ... 'It doesn't constitute proof,' Rabbi Norman Bernhard, former president of the Southern African Rabbinical Association and a recognized authority on Jewish-Lemba relations, says of the genetic evidence. 'It raises a possibility, even a probability.'"
September 25, 2007 : Yuval Baruch, an achaeologist with the Israeli Antiquities Authority, announced the discovery of a quarry compound which provided King Herod with the stones to renovate the second Temple. It houses the Temple Mount Coins, pottery and iron stake found proved the date of the quarrying to be about 19 BC. Archaeologist Ehud Netzer confirmed that the large outlines of the stone cuts is evidence that it was a massive public project worked on by hundreds of slaves. [76]
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[1] This Day in Jewish History
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_de%27_Medici
[3] Biographical sources: The Calendar of State Papers Domestic (England): Reigns of Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I (vols. XXIII-XLIII); The Calendar of State Papers (Scotland) (vols. I & II); The Calendar of State Papers Relating to English Affairs (vol. VIII); "The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, & the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct, or Dormant" (Gloucester: Alan Sutton Publishing, rep. 2000), 11: 82.
[4] http://www.archontology.org/nations/uk/scotland/stuart1/darnley.php
[5] wikipedia
[6] * Fotheringay Castle was situated a short distance from Peter-
borough, in Northamptonshire.
[7] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[8] wikipedia
[9] ON this day in America by John Wagman.
[10] This Day in Jewish History
[11] http://timothyv.tripod.com/index-338.html
[12] http://timothyv.tripod.com/index-338.html
[13] This Day in Jewish History.
[14] http://penningtons.tripod.com/jeptha.htm
[15] The Stephenson Homestead
After leaving the Crawford home and its quaint little spring house, we proceed westward to route 340, which we cross and follow a curved lane alongside a pasture, where thirsty livestock graze by Buliskin’s cool stream. Stopping in front of the house, we are greeted by a beautiful green lawn with huge shade trees; and here is a straight concrete walk, unusually wide, leading to a white pillared porch. The structure is brick, lending an air to the solid southern hospitality, for which this region is noted.
On either side of this fine old genteel hone are two smaller buildings (each with the same styling and size), constructed of native stone and are exceedingly noticeable. These too, have weathered the storms of tine and are said to be about the same age of the house. A typical arrangement, bearing evidence of early American history, when negro help was depended upon. The stone building on the right is said to be a kitchen, where servants prepared the meals for the master and his family, to be served in the large dining room of the big house. The stone building on the left is similar to the one on the right, except for a small window, rather high above the door (center front). This building is known as a school house in the past. From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969 p. 47
[16] Jeff Goodlove, familytreemaker
[17] Colonel William Crawford by William A. Coup, page 2
[18] http://timothyv.tripod.com/index-338.html
[19] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm
[20] www.wikipedia.org
[21] "Bill and Kris Battaile"battaile@mindspring.com
[22] [James Edward Harrison, A comment of the family of ANDREW HARRISON who died in ESSEX COUNTY, VIRGINIA in 1718 (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: privately printed, no date), 51-52.] Chronological Listing of Events In the Lives of Andrew Harrison, Sr. of Essex County, Virginia, Andrew Harrison, Jr. of Essex and Orange Counties, Virginia, Lawrence Harrison, Sr. of Virginia and Pennsylvania Compiled from Secondary Sources Covering the time period of 1640 through 1772 by Daniel Robert Harrison, Milford, Ohio, November, 1998.
[23] Wikipedia.
[24] The Brothers Crawford, by Scholl
[25] This letter has been published. See Sparks Washington, vol. ii, pp. 375—378
[26] Lord Dunmore visited Pittsburgh as he and Washington had contemplated; but the latter, as will presently be seen, was unable to accompany him. The governor’s journey was made during the summer of this year. On his way, he tarried awhile at the home of Crawford.
[27] This report, which had reached the ears of Washington, was an erroneous one.
[28] Thomas Bullitt, a prominent Virginian and land surveyor, descended the Ohio in 1773 to survey lands in Kentucky. He had no authority from Governor Dunmore to make surveys in that region; notwithstanding which he ran out several tracts. Other parties who descended the Ohio at the same time went also without any permit from his lordship. The latter, while at Fort Pitt, wrote Bullitt advising “him to return again immediately.” He knew nothing whatever of his surveys.
[29] The Scioto, one of the largest of the northern tributaries of the Ohio, enters the latter stream at Portsmouth, three hundred and sixty miles below Pittsburgh.
[30] “Walpole’s Grant “—a large tract of land, solicited by Thomas Walpole and others of the Crown, lying upon time Ohio above the Scioto, but upon the other side of the river. This “grant” was never perfected; it would have included time whole of Northwestern Virginia.
[31] The rapids in time Ohio, at what is now Louisville, Kentucky.
[32] William Thompson, a prominent Pennsylvanian. Some of his surveys were made on the north fork of Licking, Kentucky.
[33] John Connolly, a native of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, was bred a physician. He was a nephew of Colonel Croghan, and “a very sensible, intelligent man,” who previously had traveled over a good deal of time country watered by the Ohio and its tributaries. He soon after, as the agent of Dunmnore, played an important part in affairs at Pittsburgh, in attempting to maintain the possession of Fort Pitt and its dependencies for the colony of Virginia, and to put the militia and other Virginia laws in force—the governor claiming the country as a part of that province.
[34] Some Pennsylvania officers, claimants to land on the Ohio, among them being Col. John Armstrong, who sent Capt. William Thompson to meet Captain Bullet a the mouth of the Scioto and make surveys in that region.
“Application was made to the Governor and Council of Virginia, in 1774, by the agent of these associated officers, for leave and permission to survey and lay off the pot tions of land which they were respectively entitled to under the proclamation a 1763. That the Governor and Council were of opinion that the claim of the asic officers was well founded, and a commission was thereupon granted by the master of William and Mary College, to Captain William Thompson, appointing him either a principal or deputy-surveyor for the purpose of making the said surveys withis Virginia. The said Thompson, being duly authorized, proceeded to make the sur veys, and did actually make and complete them on Salt Lick River, then in Virginia now in Kentucky. . . . Thompson, when he had completed a draft of the surveys and made the necessary arrangements with the associated officers for the complctios of the titles, proceeded, in the year 1775, to the office in Virginia, for the purpose a returning the said surveys, and having them duly accepted; but, as a previous condi tion to their acceptance, it was required of him that he should take an oath of alle giance to the King of Great Britain, which as a patriot, from principles of attachmen to his country, he refused to take, and consequently, the surveys were not accepted and the patents notissued.” (See Report of Mr. Boyle to the House of Representativcs Feb. 3, 1807.)Ford.
The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources 1745-1799, John C. Fitzpatrick, Editor, Volume 3.
[35] James Wood, a prominent Virginian. By the proclamation of 1763, three new colonies were established in America—Quebec (Canada), East Florida, and West Florida. Wood, upon proposing to visit West Florida, in March, 1773, was requested by Washington to have ten thousand acres surveyed for him in that country, if he could find such lands as he thought would answer his purpose; as he “had never yet been able to designate the lands to which” he was “entitled under his Majesty’s proclamation of October, 1773.”
[36] Daniel Leet, a native of New Jersey, but an early resident of that part of the western country which afterward became Washington county, Pennsylvania. He was a surveyor, and was frequently employed as such by Washington. He was born Nov. 6, 1748; died, June 18, 1830, in Alleghany county, Pennsylvania.
[37] The “unhappy cause” was the death of Miss Custis, the daughter of Mrs. Washington by her former marriage.
[38] Washington never again visited Crawford. The Revolution was at hand; in which contest the latter perished miserably by torture, at the stake, on the 11th ,June, 1782.
[39] Washington Crawford Letters, by C. W. Butterfield
[40] The previous letter (No. 16), it will be observed, has the same date.
[41] The speech here referred to was made by Bullitt to the Shawanese upon the Scioto, at old Chillicothe, on his way down to Kentucky.
[42] Washington Crawford Letters, by C. W. Butterfield
[43] http://genealogytrails.com/vir/fincastle/county_history_3.html
[44] Confidential Letters and Journals 1766-1784 of Adjutant General Major Baurmeister of the Hessian Forces by Bernhard A. Uhlendorf pg 117
[45] [edit] References
1. ^ a b "The United States Statutes at Large". Memory.loc.gov. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsl.html. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
2. ^ The XYZ Affair and the Quasi-War with France, 1798–1800[dead link]
3. ^ "A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774–1875". Memory.loc.gov. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=008/llsl008.db&recNum=19. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
4. ^ Simms, Brendan. Three Victories and a Defeat: The Rise and Fall of the First British Empire. London, 2007. pp. 502–31
5. ^ Longmate, Norman. Island Fortress: The Defense of Great Britain, 1604–1945. Pimlico, 1991. pp. 183–85
6. ^ Model Treaty (1776)[dead link]
7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j French Alliance, French Assistance, and European diplomacy during the American Revolution, 1778–1782[dead link]
8. ^ Model Treaty (1776[dead link]
9. ^ a b c "Perspective On The French-American Alliance". Xenophongroup.com. http://www.xenophongroup.com/mcjoynt/alliance2.htm. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
10. ^ a b c d e f g h "Avalon Project: Treaty of Alliance Between The United States and France; February 6, 1778". Avalon.law.yale.edu. http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fr1788-2.asp. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
11. ^ Edler 2001, pp. 163–166
12. ^ a b c d e "French-American Relations in the Age of Revolutions: From Hope to Disappointment (1776–1800)". Xenophongroup.com. http://www.xenophongroup.com/mcjoynt/ros6-2e.htm. Retrieved January 27, 2012.
[edit] Further reading
•Hoffman, Ronald; Albert, Peter J., eds. Diplomacy and Revolution : the Franco–American Alliance of 1778 (Charlottesville: Univ. Press of Virginia, 1981); [ISBN 978-0-8139-0864-9].
•Ross, Maurice. Louis XVI, Forgotten Founding Father, with a survey of the Franco–American Alliance of the Revolutionary period (New York: Vantage Press, 1976); [ISBN 978-0-533-02333-2].
•Corwin, Edward Samuel. French Policy and the American Alliance of 1778 (New York: B. Franklin, 1970).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Alliance_%281778%29
[46] Battles of the Revolutionsary War 1775-1781 by W.J. Wood pgs. 189-192.
[47] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom
[48] Timetable of Cherokee Removal
[49] http://www.raabcollection.com/william-henry-harrison-autograph/william-henry-harrisons-first-commander-northwest-army
[50] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_St._Louis
[51] The Papers of Andrew Jackson, Volume V, 1821-1824
[52] Witte Museum, San Antonio, TX February 2, 2014
[53] HarrisonJ
[54] HarrisonJ
[55] Crawford Coat of Arms
[56] Crawford Coat of Arms.
[57] Harrisonburg; Fort Beauregard- This Confederate fort guarded the Ouachita River. Lt. Col. Arthur Fremantle of the Coldstreams Guard, toured the Confederacy in 1863 and found the fort more formidable in appearance than expected. In May of 1863, it was heavily shelled by Union gunboats and evacuated by the Confederates in September. (Civil War Military Sites) http://www.crt.state.la.us/tourism/civilwar/milsites.htm
[58] The section of the Valley that Sheridan’s troops found themselves in had not been occupied by a Union army since the war began. Complying with Grant’s orders, the troops drove off all the cattle, destroyed the food and forage they could not carry, and burned the grain mills. (A History of the 24th Iowa Infantry 1862-1865 by Harvey H. Kimble Jr. August 1974. page 176)
[59] Annotated by Jeffery Lee Goodlove
[60] Proposed Descendants of William Smythe.
[61] HarrisonJ
[62] Winton Goodlove papers.
[63] http://www.goettschonline.com/sitemaker/sites/GOETTS1/obit.cgi?user=1483_CSutton1197
[64] There Goes the Neighborhood, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 176.
[65] This Day in Jewish History
[66] This Day in Jewish History.
[67] This Day in Jewish History
[68] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld, page 312.
[69] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944 by Serge Klarsfeld, page 315
[70] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France, 1942-1944. Page 312.
[71] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,
• . {2}Der judishchen Opfer des Nationalsozialismus
“Ihre Namen mogen nie vergessen werden!”
[72] This Day in Jewish History
[73] http://www.dallasnews.com/news/jfk50/reflect/20131012-extremists-in-dallas-created-volatile-atmosphere-before-jfks-1963-visit.ece
[74] http://www.dallasnews.com/news/jfk50/reflect/20131012-extremists-in-dallas-created-volatile-atmosphere-before-jfks-1963-visit.ece
[75] http://theusgenweb.org/ca/losangeles/cemeteries/liveoak/G.txt
[76] This Day in Jewish History
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