This Day in Goodlove History, August 28, 2014
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Jeffery Lee Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), Jefferson, LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, and including ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Adams, John Quincy Adams and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Martin Van Buren, Teddy Roosevelt, U.S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison “The Signer”, Benjamin Harrison, Jimmy Carter, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, William Taft, John Tyler (10th President), James Polk (11th President)Zachary Taylor, and Abraham Lincoln.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://wwwfamilytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
Birthdays on August 28…
David E. Apple (3rd cousin 1x removed)
Kenneth Balderston (1st cousin 2x removed)
July A. Crawford (2nd cousin 5x removed)
Jean Cunningham Bush (sister in law of the aunt)
Debra Lage Johnson (4th great grandniece of the wife of the 3rd great granduncle)
Johannes LeFevre (grand uncle of the wife of the 1st cousin 3x removed)
Richard I (30th great grandfather)
Linda S. Shelburn Perius (wife of the 4th great grandnephew of the wife of the 3rd great granduncle)
August 28, 388: Magnus Maximus, an Hispanic usper to the throne of the western Roman Empire passed away. During his disputed reign Maximus issued an edict of which censured Christians at Rome for burning down a Jewish synagogue which was condemned by Bishop Ambrose who said people exclaimed: ‘the emperor has become a Jew’.[1]
[2]
St. Augustine
August 28, 430: St. Augustine of Hippo passed away. Augustine believed that Jews should be allowed to survive in a Christian world to provide credence to roots of Christianity. But Jews should live at best as “second class” citizens in that Christian world to serve as a reminder of their fall from God’s favor for rejecting Jesus as the Son of God and as proof that God had made the Christians the new Chosen People.[4]
431: With regard to religion, we may note that, in A.D. 431, Palladius was sent from Rome as Primus Episcopus to the “Scotos in Christum credentes;” in A.D. 432, Patrick went to Ireland; in A. D. the British Bishop Ninian converted the Southern Picts; in A.D. 565, the Irish Presbyter, Columbus, converted the Northern Picts, and theirs was called the Culdee Church. [5]
431 CE: Ecumenical councils of bishops, Ephesus, 431.[6] The Emperors tried to preserve uniformity by summoning Eecumenical Councils, Councils to which all the bishops of Christendom werer invited, in the hope that the Holy Ghost would descend on them as it had on the disciples at Pentecost. The Councils would descend on them as it had on the disciples at Pentecost. The Councils achieved unanbimity only because dissident bhishops either refused to vfote or were prevented from voting. After each Council a section of Christendom broke away from the main body. The Arian heretics who seceded in the fourth century fated out in the East. But after the Council of Ephesus in 431 there was a separated Nestorian Church, which soon found shich its missionaries were to travel inbto Inbdia and into Tartary.[7]
August 28th, 475: - The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna. [8]
476 A.D.: In 476, Odoacer the Scirian, the commander and elected king of the German troops in the former Roman Empire, deposed Romulus Augustus, ending nearly one thousand years of Roman dominance in the Mediterranean. The defeat caused difficult times for gentile and Jew alike, sending many people north into Europe to seek a safer, more stable life.[9]
476 A.D.: After the Roman Empire collapsed in 476, causing the withdrawal of the Roman military from Britain, the gospel was spread though the efforts of Celtic missionaries sent out from the theological school founded by Columba on the little island of Iona near the coast of Scotland. [10] The fall of the Roman Empire in 476 sent Europe plunging into the darkness of the Middle Ages, a darkness made all the deeper by the absence of a Bible that was understandable to the masses. Latin eventually became a deead language to the common layman, the result being that the Bible became a closed book. Few laymken knew enough Latin to understand the verses the priests would read at Mass. Many of the priests knew just enough Latin to mumble through their liturgies.
The Bible remained a venerated book but a closed book, and would remain so for centuries to com.[11]
Great cities fell into ruins, roads became overgrown with weeds, trake collapsed, and the wide spread rule of Roman law ended. For almost a millennium the people of Europe huddled together for protection in small towns and villages in the countryside. Most barely eked out an existence from the soil, as war, disease, and famine routinely spread over the land.[12]
September 4, 476: The German general Odoacer defeated Orestes and deposed the child emperor Romulus Augustus marking the “official end of the Roman Empire.” Actually this was the end of the Empire in the West. The Eastern Empire continued to rule. Although this is the official date, the imperial system had already effectively ended in the West. The anarchy that immediately preceded and followed the so-called Fall of the Roman Empire was not good for any segment of the population. – Jew and gentile alike. But as is so often the case the effects of anarchy and lawlessness fell heavier on the Jews than on their neighbors. The last decades of the Roman Empire were a period of unrest and uncertainty for the Jewish people living in Palestine and Europe. The adoption of Christianity as the religion of the empire led to a variety of discriminatory practices aimed at the Jews. On the other hand, the Jerusalem Talmud was completed in the first half of the fifth century. The real of seat of learning and Jewish culture had moved to Babylonia where scholars and sages would continue to develop traditions and commentaries including the Babylonian Talmud.[13]
August 28, 1026: Richard II "the Good"
Richard good statue in falaise.JPG
Richard the Good as part of the "Six Dukes of Normandy" statue in the town square of Falaise.
Duke of Normandy
Reign
996–1026
Predecessor
Richard I
Successor
Richard III
House
House of Normandy
Father
Richard I, Duke of Normandy
Mother
Gunnora, Duchess of Normandy
Born
Normandy
Died
August 28, 1026
Normandy
Richard II (978/83 -1026), called the Good (French: Le Bon), was the eldest son and heir of Richard I the Fearless and Gunnora.[1][2] He was a Norman nobleman of the House of Normandy.
Life[edit]
Richard succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy in 996.[1] During his minority, the first five years of his reign, his regent was Count Ralph of Ivrea, his uncle, who wielded the power and put down a peasant insurrection at the beginning of Richard's reign.[3]
Richard had deep religious interests and found he had much in common with Robert II of France, who he helped militarily against the duchy of Burgundy.[3] He forged a marriage alliance with Brittany by marrying his sister Hawise to Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany and by his own marriage to Geoffrey's sister, Judith of Brittany.[3]
In 1000-1001, Richard repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by Ethelred II of England.[4] Ethelred had given orders that Richard be captured, bound and brought to England.[5] But the English had not been prepared for the rapid response of the Norman cavalry and were utterly defeated.[6]
Richard attempted to improve relations with England through his sister Emma of Normandy's marriage to King Ethelred.[4] This marriage was significant in that it later gave his grandson, William the Conqueror, the basis of his claim to the throne of England.[7] This proved to be beneficial to Ethelred when in 1013 Sweyn Forkbeard invaded England. Emma with her two sons Edward and Alfred fled to Normandy followed shortly thereafter by her husband king Ethelred.[7] Soon after the death of Ethelred, Cnut, King of England forced Emma to marry him while Richard was forced to recognize the new regime as his sister was again Queen.[4] Richard had contacts with Scandinavian Vikings throughout his reign. He employed Viking mercenaries and concluded a treaty with Sweyn Forkbeard who was en route to England.[8]
Richard II commissioned Dudo of Saint-Quentin his clerk and confessor to portray his ducal ancestors as morally upright Christian leaders who built Normandy despite the treachery of their overlords and neighboring principalities.[9] It was clearly a work of propaganda designed to legitimize the Norman settlement, and while it contains numerous historically unreliable legends, as respects the reigns of his father and grandfather, Richard I and William I it is basically reliable.[10]
In 1025 and 1026 Richard confirmed gifts of his great-grandfather Rollo to Saint-Ouen at Rouen.[11] His other numerous grants to monastic houses tends to indicate the areas over which Richard had ducal control, namely Caen, the Éverecin, the Cotentin, the Pays de Caux and Rouen.[12]
Richard II died August 28, 1026.[1]
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Richard II (right), with the Abbot of Mont Saint-Michel (middle) and Lothair of France (left)
Marriages and children
He married firstly, c.1000, Judith (982–1017), daughter of Conan I of Brittany,[13][14] by whom he had the following issue:
•Richard (c. 1002/4), duke of Normandy[1]
•Alice of Normandy (c. 1003/5), married Renaud I, Count of Burgundy[1]
•Robert (c. 1005/7), duke of Normandy[1]
•William (c. 1007/9), monk at Fécamp, d. 1025[1]
•Eleanor (c. 1011/3), married to Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders
•Matilda (c. 1013/5), nun at Fecamp, d. 1033. She died young and unmarried.[15]
Secondly he married Poppa of Envermeu, by whom he had the following issue:
•Mauger (c. 1019), Archbishop of Rouen
•William (c. 1020/5), count of Arques
Genealogy
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cronological_tree_william_I.svg/600px-Cronological_tree_william_I.svg.png
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1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 79
2. Jump up ^ The Normans in Europe, ed. & trans. Elisabeth van Houts (Manchester University Press, 2000), pp. 56-7
3. ^ Jump up to: a b c François Neveux, A Brief History of The Normans (Constable and Robinson, 2008) p. 74
4. ^ Jump up to: a b c François Neveux, A Brief History of The Normans (Constable and Robinson, 2008) pp. 94-5
5. Jump up ^ Eleanor Searle, Predatory Kinship and the Creation of Norman Power, 840-1066 (University of California Press, Berkeley, 1988), p. 132
6. Jump up ^ David Crouch, The Normans: The History of a Dynasty (Hambledon Continuum, 2007), p. 34
7. ^ Jump up to: a b David C. Douglas, William the Conqueror (University of California Press,1964), p. 160
8. Jump up ^ The Normans in Europe, ed. & trans. Elisabeth van Houts (Manchester University Press, 2000),pp. 20-21
9. Jump up ^ David Crouch, The Normans: The History of a Dynasty (Hambledon Continuum, 2007), p. 32
10. Jump up ^ The Gesta Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis, and Robert of Torigni, Ed. & Trans. Elizabeth M.C. Van Houts, Vol. I (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1992), p. xx
11. Jump up ^ The Gesta Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis, and Robert of Torigni, Ed. & Trans. Elizabeth M.C. Van Houts, Vol. I (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1992), p. 67 n. 5
12. Jump up ^ Eleanor Searle, Predatory Kinship and the Creation of Norman Power, 840-1066 (University of California Press, Berkeley, 1988), p. 128
13. Jump up ^ Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 75
14. Jump up ^ David C. Douglas, William The Conqueror (University of California Press, Berkeley & Los Angeles, 1964), p. 15, n. 5
15. Jump up ^ David C. Douglas, William The Conqueror (University of California Press, Berkeley & Los Angeles, 1964), p. 31
French nobility
Preceded by
Richard I
Duke of Normandy
996–1026
Succeeded by
Richard III
[14]Persondata
Name
Richard II, Duke Of Normandy
Alternative names
Short description
Duke of Normandy
Date of birth
Place of birth
Normandy
Date of death
28 August 1026
Place of death
Normandy
August 28, 1485: Soon after the arrival of Henry in London on August 28, it broke out in the capital. There, it killed several thousand people by its conclusion in late October that year.[1] Among those killed were two lord mayors, six aldermen, and three sheriffs.[2] This alarming malady soon became known as the sweating sickness. It was regarded as being quite distinct from the plague, the pestilential fever or other epidemics previously known, not only by the special symptom that gave it its name, but also by its extremely rapid and fatal course. The sweating sickness reached Ireland in 1492 when the Annals of Ulster (vol.iii, ed. B. MacCarthy, Dublin, 1895, pp 358f.) record the death of James Fleming, Baron of Slane from the pláigh allais, newly come to Ireland. The Annals of Connacht (ed. A. M. Freeman, Dublin, 1944, pp 594f.) also record this obituary, and the Annals of the Four Masters (vol.iii, ed. J. O'Donovan, Dublin, 1856, pp 1194f.) record 'an unusual plague in Meath … of 24 hours' duration; and any one who survived it beyond that period recovered. It did not attack infants or little children. However, Freeman in his footnote to the Annals of Connacht denies that this 'plague' was the sweating sickness, in spite of the similarity of the names. He thought it to be 'Relapsing or Famine Fever' – possibly typhus.
1502, 1507, 1517
From 1492 to 1502, nothing was heard of the ailment. In 1502, it was believed to have caused the death of young Arthur, Prince of Wales, elder brother of Henry VIII of England. He died in his home at Ludlow Castle in 1502, leaving his young wife, Catherine of Aragon, a widow.
In 1507 a second, less widespread outbreak occurred, followed in 1517 by a third and much more severe epidemic. In Oxford and Cambridge it was frequently fatal, as well as in other towns, where in some cases half the population are said to have perished. There is evidence of this outbreak spreading to Calais and Antwerp, but nowhere else outside England.
1528
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Title of a publication in Marburg, 1529, about the English Sweating sickness
In 1528 the disease reached epidemic proportions for the fourth time and with great severity. It first broke out in London at the end of May and speedily spread over the whole of England, save for the far north, not spreading to Scotland, though it did reach Ireland, where the Lord Chancellor, Hugh Inge, was the most prominent victim.[3] In London the mortality was very great; the court was broken up, and Henry VIII left London, frequently changing his residence. [15].[16]
August 28, 1569: The majority of the lords of Elizabeth's privy-council decide, at the instigation of the Duke of Norfolk, that Mary should be set at liberty, provided she v^ould consent to marry one of the great nobles of the kingdom. [17]
August 28, 1571: To THE Archbishop of Glasgow. [18]
From Sheffield, the 28th August, 1571.
I have received your ciphers of the 4th, 13th, and 30th of July ; and from the two which I sent to you, prior to the receipt of yours, I believe that you have by this time considered and perfectly comprehended my views regarding a good part of that which required an answer in your said ciphers. Likewise, as to the request which you write to me you have made for one hundred and fifty soldiers, to be sent to Edinburgh Castle, you having so fully dilated upon the proposal which I perceived to have been made to me therein by the distrust and suspicion which were taken of Grange and Lethington, and in consequence of this design, which it is unnecessary to repeat to you, doubting not that you have received my ciphers, which were sent to you through the
medium of M. de La Mothe, and that, according to my wishes, you do not conduct every thing with such dexterity, as the state and perplexity of my affiiirs require foresight, and as opportunities serve. And since you have not gone so far, I am of opinion that you should not cease in your demands, but, as I have written to you, speak in that as from yourself, as you have begun, and do not, in my name, enter into particulars touching the delivery of any fortress, except that of Inch-Keith, whereof I wrote to you. Kegarding which I am anxious to know what has been determined ; and if the opportunity has presented itself, that you have written to the quarter where I commanded you. Lord Seton is apprised of my intention ; and if he levies any soldiers, so as not to lose time and be the first to lay hold of it, if possible, he will say that it is with the money with which it pleased our Holy Father the Pope to assist me (if by chance the Duke of Alva does not wish to acknowledge them), and that upon the news, which he has heard, that my rebels and enemies fortify themselves in the town of Leith, he has executed this enterprise of his own accord. And therefore it will be necessary for you to use language conform to that, if you hear it spoken of. I have declared to M. de La Mothe (respecting what he
wrote to me of the jealousy with which they here regard the journey of Ridolfi) that what he had to do for me in Flanders was to forward the said money of the Pope, of which he had been the negotiator, and to inform the Duke of Alva of it, that with his permission and favour the matter might be better arranged. It will be well to apprise the nuncio of this, that, if he is questioned by the Queen Mother about it,
as I make no doubt he will, he may make such answer as shall prevent her having greater suspicion than of the said money, which she ought not to find fault with, — His Holiness showing himself in the light of the common father, and willing to assist all Christian princes, the obedient children of the Catholic Church ; and whereas I can be supported by His Holiness, that will be so much a relief to the King of
France, and spare the expenditure which it would have become him to make alone for the re-establishment of my kingdom. If it pleases the Queen Mother to adhere to her intention of sending the said number of men, or a larger, leave her in that hope of the Castle of Edinburgh, and that will please her, being on the other side. For it will be
necessary that they remain in the city, for its preservation,
rather than quarter themselves in the said Castle, and abandon the said city to the enemy, who might sack and burn it to blockade the said soldiers, and thoroughly injure the Castle. Informing you, sir, that if they will not assist me, except at that price, I will not look for it at all, and shall, if I can, put my affairs on another side, seeing that instead of assisting me, pursuant to the alliance, it would be the means of finally stripping me of my kingdom. I suspect that there is something of the league offensive and defensive which you had heard that M. de Foix came to negotiate ; for on his arrival, that I may have no intelligence of what shall happen, the Bishop of Ross is sent to the country out of London, and all my servants who were there driven away, and not one permitted to remain there, and I am very strictly guarded, and all the letters which they find opened, and I am not even permitted to write to M. de La Mothe, unless my letters are previously sent to the court by the Earl of Shrewsbury, to be delivered by them if approved. I have plainly written my opinion to the said M. de La jMothe, by the same conveyance without ciphers, in order that they may see my letters, and to the end that if the King of France does not cause the promises which have been made to him to be kept, of setting me at liberty and restoring me to my obedient subjects, I shall
be constrained to enquire into it, in virtue of ancient alliances, by which, for the least cause, the two kingdoms are respectively bound to declare for each other. The said de La Mothe writes to me that he sends my letters thither, especially the ciphers, and that he has given orders that the whole be communicated to you, with which I am well pleased, and thereby relieved from much anxiety, as I am neither able
to write to you as I would, nor to him, except with much inconvenience and risk, in consequence of the strict search which is made upon the roads ; and I am so watched, and those who are with me, that what I write, or cause to be written, is stolen there ; and from fear of surprise, not knowing when I may be visited or my repositories rifled, I immediately burn the draughts of the ciphers, and very frequently it is not in my power to have copies of them made. And therefore, sir,
do not be surprised, if you are sometimes a long while without receiving dispatches from me. The letters of the said de La Mothe will always inform you of what occurs, and, according to opportunities, I will particularly apprise you of my intentions. You will see by all the dispatches which I have sent to tlie said de La Mothe, that their tendency is to move the Kino; of France to send such forces as will suffice to restore things at once, and that I call real assistance ; for what he does otherwise is merely to temporise. But while the plan
of this marriage is in terms, it appears that they will do nothing more for fear of crossing or irritating this Queen ; and it is for this reason that I have so often reiterated in my said dispatches to M. de La Mothe, that the principal object she has in view is to gain her own ends in Scotland, and make himself mistress of it, and thereafter to laugh at the King and his alliance. You can follow on the same track, and adapt thereto such solicitations as the opportunity will permit ; and if you perceive that the King will not resolve to send the said real assistance (in the demand for which I shall persist in the same general terms), you can, as from yourself, demonstrate that without the preservation of these three places, namely, the city and castle of Edinburgh, and the Isle of Horses,*[19] it is impossible for my adherents to maintain themselves, and that they will be forced to agree to a peace, and do what this Queen wishes. That besides a strong army,
it is necessary to possess the said island for the landing and safety of whatever may be sent for the castle ; and without protecting the city, it will be famished and compelled to surrender. So that it is necessary the King should send men to defend the three, or all is in danger of being lost. The sea will become dangerous towards winter, and, therefore, the sooner will be most easy and most useful ; for my
adherents being reinforced by some soldiers, they can make a sally and provision the city at this late season. Solicit for the dispatch of such number of musqueteers as may be requisite for the said three places, with a good sum of money at once ; entering, as if from yourself, upon these particulars ; but, in my name, do not cease to demand valid assistance. And if your demand is granted, the men being here can, as I hope, be employed in a greater achievement than mere
garrison duty ; for they will levy soldiers from my nation with money, and collect such a company of my obedient subjects, that perhaps they will have the means of marshalling the others so well as to need nothing more. Keturn thanks, on my part, to my cousin the Marquis of Maine for the good services which he rendered me, and make my apologies that I cannot myself thank him for them by letter, as I desire. Have your eye always upon this marriage, and do not let it appear that I have any mistrust, or apprehension, or jealousy of my fortresses, or of the advancement of that marriage. I am of opinion that they would do me no turn save that of allies and good friends; and, therefore, entreat as soon as possible that men may be sent, and above all that money may be forwarded speedily, and that the King may act so that this Queen may in the meanwhile send none to my rebels ; for they begin to be dissatisfied with her, and are much exasperated with Lennox. There is some hope of Dumbarton, and that he, who is therein, will declare for me, if he can be assured that I will continue him in the governorship thereof, and give him a good allowance. But I fear, if this Queen sends
money, that it will break or greatly cool this design. She dreads offending the King ; and, if the said Lord speaks sharply to her, and mingles some threats in his conversation, I believe that she will be guarded in this particular. She haggles for the said castle of Dumbarton, and finding him who is the governor inclined rather to remain there the master than to receive any one entirely at her service, she for that reason is more close, and will not give him all that he demands, with which he is dissatisfied ; and if we can take
advantage of the opportunity, it will be a fine stroke. I write to Lord Fleming w^hat seems to me suitable (for the recovery of his property and my service), that he should solicit from the King, and what it is his duty to do. That will do him honour, and he has no better means of removing all matter of suspicion arising from his fault in the loss of
Dumbarton. I desire that he may go to Scotland with a company, as 1 write to him ; and if by chance the King is unwilling to listen to it, a year's amount of my pension must be used in it, rather than the thing should be retarded. Assist him in his suit therein, and inform me of all as soon as you can. As for what you write to me of my cousin.
Monsieur de Guise, I w^ould that a creature so wicked as the person in question were out of the world, and I should be well pleased that some one of my people was the instrument, and still more that he were hung by the hands of the common executioner, as he deserves. You know that I have that at heart, and how disagreeable to me was the convention
between my uncle the Cardinal of Lorraine and him, which I would have willingly impeached had it been in my power, but to interfere where I have no authority is not my business.
What Bothwellhaugh has done*[20] w^as not by my orders, of which I know he is as well pleased, and better, than if I had been privy to it. I wait for the memoranda which should be sent to me of the receipt of my jointure, to make my list of pensions, when 1 shall not forget that of the said Bothwellhaugh. As for the rest, I have seen what you have written regarding yourself; and it appears to me that you would misbehave, w^ere you to abandon my affairs in their present exigence.
For, besides the duty and respect which you bear to me as your sovereign and mistress (who would be Very sorry to have given you occasion of discontent), you may be able, perhaps, in this instance, to do as much service to God as in the place whither you may retire. I will not say more, leaving it to your prudence and discretion to consider and determine the rest. And as to the means, it is not reasonable that you should want them : I will write of this to my uncle the Cardinal of Lorraine by the first opportunity, to the end that
according to the good disposition in which he is at present,
he may provide for it, and in the meanwhile make no difficulty
in assisting you with my money ; and in taking it, so far as you shall have to do, not to subject you to all the formalities which in a season more convenient might be required. I have not been dissuaded from the gift of the estate of Champagne, nor from the grant which my uncle the Cardinal of Lorraine has made to you of Langest, and whoever has
written to you the contrary is ill informed. It is true that to your brother, who is here, in speaking of the said Champagne, I have frankly said that my affairs, for the present, would not admit of my adding anything to it anew, or of drawing the money which my treasurer had received from it, when I confirmed and augmented the gift to him ; and in that my intention has not changed, and no one, I assure you,
has attempted to persuade me to the contrary. As for Langest, I have at once granted the brief, as your brother could have w^ritten to you, and if it has not been drawn up, or sent, that proceeds from no difficulty which I have thrown in the way.
I have received two ciphers, which you sent me, I believe, from the nuncio ; but I have not the countercipher for their key. Write to me how this should be done. Written from the Castle of Sheffield, the 28th August. I beg you will mind to grant a bursary which Bothwellhaugh has requested for Alexander Hamilton. I write to M. de La Mothe that it may please the King to send Lord Ogilvy to Scotland as his envoy, with special letters to the Earls of Mar and Morton, to admonish them to recognize me as their sovereign, that the said Lord may take me and
my son under his protection, and recognize and favour them in particular as the instruments, in so doing, of ending the troubles ; otherwise that he will punish those in France who espouse the part of my rebels, and send such an army to Scotland to restore my authority, as those who would oppose it shall find a scourge. I beg you will speak of this in my name to the King and Queen Mother, and present to them
the said Lord Ogilvy. I write them to this effect ; but briefly, for I cannot in any other way. It will be necessary to write to my obedient subjects, admonishing them to continue so.
Endorsed: — Received by M. de Foix, at Blois, the 19th
September, 157 L [21]
Wednesday August 28, 1754
A Mohawk Indian, Moses the Song, brings another letter and a map from Major Robert Stobo to George Croghan. The map detailed the size of Fort Duquesne. The letter gave information on how popular and important several French prisoners were that were in prison in Williamsburg Virginia. Essentially upon Stobo's advice, Lt. Governor Dinwiddie decided not to exchange those prisoners for Stobo and his compatriot Captain Jacob Van Braam. [22]
August 28, 1758: A letter from General Forbes to Lieutenant Colonel Bouquet dated August 28, 1758 reads, “Governor Sharp (Maryland) asked me to allow him to make Captain Dagworthy a Lt. Colonel of the Maryland troops—and he is accordingly appointed.”(VS)
Dagworthy served with distinction in the French and Indian War, but when the Revolutionary War came, George Washington failed to give him an important field assignment. The Continental Congress appointed Dagworthy as a brigadier general and gave him command of the Sussex County Militia (MD).[23]
August 28, 1776: Washington’s forces numbering 9,000 men were forced to retreat into a culdesac on Brooklyn Heights with their backs to the East River, directly opposite the tip of Manhattan Island. It was into this desperate situation that Glover’s 24th Regiment was ordered on August 28, 1776.[24]
Washington, realizing he could not permit a major portion of his army to be bottled up and captured, put into effect secret plans for their evacuation. On the evening of August 29, having already assembled a sizable flotilla of small craft of many descriptions, he assigned Col. Glover the formidable task of ferrying the 9,000 colonial
Treoops with their equipment across the mile wide East River to Manhattan. The exodus had to be carried out under blackout conditions and with a minimum of noise to avoid alerting the British. Despite a strong ebb tide and variable winds, when dawn came only a small rear guard was left on Long Island.[25]
August 28, 1777
On the 28th at four o’clock in the morning the greater part of the army marched toward Elktown in the following order: (1) the foot jãgers and an officer and twenty mounted jãgers; (2) the two battalions of English light infantry; (3) the Queen’s Rangers; (4) Ferguson’s sharpshooters; (5) the two battalions of English grenadiers; (6) an artillery brigade; (7) the three Hessian grenadier battalions; (8) an artillery brigade; (9) the English Guards; (10) the 1st and 2d brigades of English infantry, and the wagons with the military chest, tools, hospital, ammunition, and provisions; (11) three troops of English dragoons; (12) the mounted jagers; and the 71st Highland Regiment. -
The rest of the army remained on Turkey Point under command of General von Knyphausen.[26]
August 28 — The army departed Turkeypoint and marched to Elktown which had been deserted by all the inhabitants. We had no reports about the enemy, and no maps of the interior of this land, and no one in the army was familiar with this area. After we had passed the city, no one knew which way to go. Therefore, men were sent out in all directions until finally a negro was found, and the army had to march according to his directions. [27]
August 28, 1777
From the first movements of the British in advance, active skirmishing, sometimes of considerable bodies, took place. On the twenty-eighth the Americans took between thirty and forty prisoners, and twelve deserters from the navy and eight from the army came into .their camp. These stated the British forces to be in good health, but the horses as having suffered from the length of the voyage. [28]
Perhaps this is where “Francis” Conrad Gotlib is captured and later deserts. JG
1777
CONRAD GOTLIB (his mark), deserted the Brittish Army at the head of the Elk in 1777. Labourer
Signed Aug 17, 1782. [29]
Records of Moravian Congregation at Hebron, 1775-1781
August 28, 1777: Bro. Bader sent Adam Orth with a letter to
Colonel Grubb, and while on the way met the latter mounted,
as he was viewing the empty house offered to him yesterday.
He would not read the letter, because the orders could not
be changed. He also remarked that he could not ride
through the town in safety, on account of the feeling
against himself. Adam Orth, Baltzer Orth and George
Buehler discussed the situation of affairs with us when
it was decided that they should return to town and use
their utmost efforts to prevent the prisoners being con-
fined in our house ; that it was against all laws, against our
wishes, and could only be accomplished by force. They
met Colonel Grubb and for hours endeavored to induce him
to change the order, that they would provide two houses or
rent a large one in town and pay for the necessary changes.
But it was all of no avail and they came back at night, with
the news that the prisoners would arrive the following day.
The officers promised that a guard would be detailed to
protect the house and also a body guard for the pastor and
family, if he desired it. [30]
August 28, 1777: From the first movements of the British in advance, active skirmishing, sometimes of considerable bodies, took place. On the twenty-eighth the Americans took between thirty and forty prisoners, and twelve deserters from the navy and eight from the army came into .their camp. These stated the British forces to be in good health, but the horses as having suffered from the length of the voyage. [1][31]
August 28, 1780
The first sessions of the County Court, held by these last
named Justices or some of them, was held at Fort Dunmore, on
February 21, 1775; and from this date there were, west of the
Alleghanies, not only two different sets of magistrates, with their
subordinate officers, constables, assessors, and organized companies
of militia, over the same people in the Monongahela valley, but
within a few miles of each other had been established two different
courts regularly (or irregularly) administering justice under the
laws of two different governments.
These conditions, with these Virginia Courts exercising judicial
powers in the same territory with the courts of Pennsylvania, con-
tinued until August 28, 1780, after which no Virginia court was ever
held within the limits of Pennsylvania, the general assembly of
Pennsylvania having ratified on September 23, 1780, the Baltimore
agreement as to where the boundary lines between the two states
should be run, as they were finally run and marked on the grouna
in 1784 and 1786.
As the Virginia adherents were no doubt largely in the
majority, the Westmoreland County Court seems to have done
much the smaller amount of business than did the Virginia courts,
during the concurrent existence of both; indeed, there was a period
of two years, from April Term 1776 to April Term 1778, during
which there were no sessions at all of the Court of Common Pleas
for Westmoreland County, while the Virginia courts were in
session regularly. Hereafter our attention will be confined to the
Virginia courts, and chiefly to the Court for the District of West
Augusta.
The new justices embraced in the commission of the peace
for the District of West Augusta, as held at the first day's session
of that court on February 21, 1775, were, in the order in which
their names were given, as follows: George Croghan, the deputy
Indian agent at Pittsburgh; John Campbell, of Pittsburgh, or near
thereto, owning a mill-seat at the mouth of Campbell's Run (so
Imown to this day) just below the railroad station at Carnegie;
John Connolly of Pittsburgh, the principal representative of Lord
Dunmore in this country; Edward Ward, who had surrendered to
the French and Indians the Virginia fort building at the Forks of
the Ohio on April 17, 1754; Thomas Smallman, of Pittsburgh;
Dorsey Pentecost, lately removed from the Forks of the Youghio-
gheny to the East Branch of Chartiers Creek; John Gibson, of
Pittsburgh, bi other of George Gibson who was afterward the father
of Chief Justice Gibson of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania;
Captain William Crawford, afterwards burned at the stake by the
Indians at Sandusky, Ohio, in 1782; John Stephenson, one of the
half-brothers of Crawford; John McCoUoch, of now West Liberty,
Ohio County, Virginia, the father of Major Sam. McColloch, who made
the famous leap on horseback from the Wheeling hill; John Canon
who laid out the town of Canonsburg; George Vallandigham, of the
Noblestown neighborhood, the grandfather of the notorious Clement
L. Vallandigham of Ohio; Silas Hedge and David Shepherd, both
of what is now Elm Grove in Ohio County, Virginia, near Wheeling;
and William Goe, from what is now Fayette County, north of
Brownsville, an ancestor of the Bateman Goe family of Pittsburgh. [32]
August 28, 1780: Battle of Black Mingo. [33]
August 28, 1824: Andrew Jackson attended a public dinner at Florence, Alabama. [34]
August 28, 1833: England abolishes slavery.[35]
August 28, 1838: The Cherokee Trail of Tears
The detachment of Hair Conrad, which included Goingsnake and Treaty-supporter (and Ross relative) William Shorey Coody, departed from the camp at Wildwood Spring. It crossed the Hiwassee River at Walker’s Ferry to the Agency, then the Tennessee River, at Tucker’s Ferry, before being forced to halt near the northern landing of Blythe’s Ferry because of a lack of drinking water due to the heavy drought.[36]
The forced relocation of American Indians began with the Indian Removal Act of 1830. In 1838 the Cherokee Indians became the fifth major tribe to experience forced relocation to Indian Territory, present-day Oklahoma. Along the trail nearly 4,000 Cherokee died of starvation, exposure, or disease. The forced removal of the Indians remains a black mark on American history, and reminds those who desire freedom, that all people deserve a life of liberty regardless of race, religion, or ethnicity.
August 28, 1843: ENOS CRAWFORD, b. August 28, 1843, Polk County, Tennessee.[37]
August 16-August 28, 1862: 1862-1865 Civil War Service Record Union Soldier William R. Roberdee 24th Iowa Regiment. Here is the Union Soldier Service of William R. Roberdee and History of the 24th Iowa Volunteer Infantry published by and certified by the Regimental Annals Inc, Washington, D.C. (1916). Excerpts from the service record of William R. Roberdee include the following: "This regiment was organized from August 16 to August 28, 1862, at a camp designated as "Camp Strong" Muscatine, Iowa, where it was mustered into the United States service September 18, 1862."[38]
August 28–30, 1862:
Second Manassas
Confederate victory
Pope
49,000
76,000
9,197
16,054
[39]
August 28, 1864: After returning to Charlestown, the “Army of the Shenandoah” began preparations to march into Early’s headquarters at Winchester [September 3, 1864]. (Pvt. Miller, 24th Iowa Volunteer.
August 28, 1864: Samuel Godlove of the Iowa 24th Infantry Regiment, D Co., at the Battle at Halltown, Virginia.[40]
Sun. August 28[41], 1864
Started to the reg. went 1 mile west of
Harpers ferry camped staid all night.
(William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary) [42]
August 28, 1896: Bedriska Gottliebova born August 28, 1896, Bn- September 22, 1942 Maly Trostinec.
Transport Bf – Praha
866 zahynulych
133 osvobozenych
1 osud nezjisten[43]
August 28, 1924: John Anthony Lorence (Frank, Frantisek, Lorenc) was born May 16, 1901, and died September 1989 in Cedar Rapids, Linn Cnty, IA. He married Ursula Armstrong, August 28, 1924 in Cedar Rapids, IA, daughter of Frank Armstrong and Edna Valenta. She was born May 27, 1906 in Tipton, Iowa.
On August 28, 1942 Convoy 25 left Drancy, France for Auschwitz with 285 children. On board was Salomon Gottlob born December 2, 1934 in Anvers, France age seven, and his sister Tama Gottlob, born May 17, 1940, age 2. Their home was L.de demark. (5) Prison, Orleans. Prior to deportation to Auschwitz they were held at Camp Pithiviers[44]. Pithiviers is of global historical interest as one of the locally infamous World War II concentration camps where children were separated from their parents while the adults were processed and deported to camps farther away, usually Auschwitz. [45]
Also on board was Bension Gotlob, born November 11, 1901 from Pologne, France, and Regina Gotlop born November 25, 1898 from Tarnow, Poland.[46]
• August 28, 1942: In Geneva, Gerhart Riegner cables Rabbi Stephen S. Wise in New York and Sidney Silverman in London about Nazi plans for the extermination of European Jewry. The United States Department of State holds up delivery of the message to Wise, who finally receive it from Silverman on August 28.[47]
• August 28, 1942: Ernst Gottlieb, born November 15, 1923 in Kassel. Resided Borken i. Hessen/Bez. Kassel. Deportation 1942, Auschwitz. Date of death: August 28, 1942, Auschwitz. [48]
On August 28, 1942, Rabbi Stephen Wise received an alarming cable from London. It read in part: "IN FUHRER'S HEADQUARTERS PLAN DISCUSSED AND UNDER CONSIDERATION THAT ALL JEWS IN COUNTRIES OCCUPIED OR CONTROLLED [BY] GERMANY...SHOULD AFTER DEPORTATION AND CONCENTRATION IN EAST AT ONE BLOW BE EXTERMINATED." The message had originally been sent by Gerhart Riegner, the World Jewish Congress representative in Switzerland. It came to Wise because, as a leading figure in more than a dozen Jewish organizations, he was probably the most influential and well-respected American Jew of his generation. For the next three years, despite his age and deteriorating health, the rabbi devoted much of his energy to alerting the world to the plight of European Jewry and to urging the U.S. government to thwart Hitler's plans. He met with limited success. At the end of his life he would write of that struggle: "I have seen and shared deep and terrible sorrow. The tale might be less tragic if the help of men had been less scant and fitful." [49]
On August 28, 1942 Convoy 25 left Drancy, France for Auschwitz with 285 children. On board was Salomon Gottlob born December 2, 1934 in Anvers, France age seven, and his sister Tama Gottlob, born May 17, 1940, age 2. Their home was L.de demark. (5) Prison, Orleans. Prior to deportation to Auschwitz they were held at Camp Pithiviers[50]. Pithiviers is of global historical interest as one of the locally infamous World War II concentration camps where children were separated from their parents while the adults were processed and deported to camps farther away, usually Auschwitz. [51]
Also on board was Bension Gotlob, born November 11, 1901 from Pologne, France, and Regina Gotlop born November 25, 1898 from Tarnow, Poland.[52]
• August 28, 1942: In Geneva, Gerhart Riegner cables Rabbi Stephen S. Wise in New York and Sidney Silverman in London about Nazi plans for the extermination of European Jewry. The United States Department of State holds up delivery of the message to Wise, who finally receive it from Silverman on August 28.[53]
• August 28, 1942: Ernst Gottlieb, born November 15, 1923 in Kassel. Resided Borken i. Hessen/Bez. Kassel. Deportation 1942, Auschwitz. Date of death: August 28, 1942, Auschwitz. [54]
• August 28, 1963 More than 250,000 people mass in front of the Lincoln Memorial
• to hear Martin Luther King, Jr. deliver his famous “Free at last!” speech. It is the largest
• political gathering in the history of this country.
• JFK, in a noon Vietnam meeting, can hear the sounds of the March on Washington
• through the closed windows of the air-conditioned White House. This meeting includes a
• discussion of plans to evacuate the four thousand American civilians in South Vietnam is a coup
• leads to civil war. Fourteen thousand men of the 82nd Airborne Division are on stand-by alert
• at Fort Bragg in North Carolina. All of them are ready to move on executive orders which have
• been prepared in advance, stating: “An extraordinary assemblage of persons constituting a threat to
• life and property in the District of Columbia [are ordered] to disperse and retire peaceably . . . .” The
• papers only await the President’s signature. RFK has negotiated the closing of Washington’s bars
• and liquor stores, and has persuaded the American League to postpone the Washington Senators
• scheduled night games against the Minnesota Twins on August 27 & 28. “He’s damned good,”
• JFK says, watching King’s now-famous speech on television in the living quarters of the White
• House. “Damned good!” He has only seen short film clips of King’s speeches before. A half
• hour later, the leaders of the March, glowing with triumph, come into the Cabinet Room for a
• meeting with JFK -- who agrees to meet with the civil rights leaders only after the event ends
• without violence or disorder -- wanting only to be publicly associated with it when it succeeds.
• As a footnote: J. Edgar Hoover has been tapping Martin Luther King’s telephone since
• the middle of this month. He is providing RFK with tapes of King talking to Clarence Jones, the
• New York attorney. “He’s a Tom Cat,” Hoover exults, reading the transcripts of King’s private
• telephone conversations, before editing them and sending them on to the Kennedys. But Dean
• Rusk tells the FBI director, in front of JFK, that if he ever finds a tap on his telephone or a bug in his
• office, he will immediately resign and go public with the evidence.
• Today, George Wing puts new tires on his Rambler station wagon. This is also the day
• that LHO is supposedly driven to Bay Cliff, Texas by “Hernandez” in a “light-colored” car.
• This summer, the New York office of JFK’s back doctor, Hans Kraus, is broken into and
• the records obviously searched -- the same thing that has happened to all Kennedy’s other
• doctors. White House speculation focuses on three suspects, in reverse order of probability: the
• Republicans, the Soviets, the FBI. [55]
August 28, 1978: Prime Minister Sharif Emami announced all casinos and gambling clubs would be closed.[56]
August 28, 2010
Rochelle, recently I had in inquiry about the progress of the translation of the Gottlober works. I appreciate the effort that you have already put forth in this project and was wondering if you were interested in doing some more translating? Also, I was wondering if there was a way that we could compensate you for your time and effort in the project. Perhaps we could agree on a fee structure that would work for you. Abraham Baer Gottlober is an important Russian Jewish writer that lived in a period that is largely forgotten and I would like to bring that time back to life for the family and others who would like to learn about his writing. As a DNA link, a Cohen, a Jew, and writer, Abraham Baer Gottlober has a great deal to tell ancestors, and others. With your help perhaps we could pass his writings along to others to learn and enjoy, now and in the future. I hope to hear from you soon. Jeff Goodlove
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] This Day in Jewish History
[2] Art Museum, Austin, TX. February 11, 2012
[3] Art Museum, Austin TX. February 11, 2012
[4] This Day in Jewish History
[5] M E M O I R S OF C LAN F I N G O N BY REV. DONALD D. MACKINNON, M.A. Circa 1888
[6] Introducing Islam, Dr. Shams Inati, page 59.
[7] The First Crusade by Steven Runciman, page 11.
[8] http://www.historyorb.com/events/date/475
[9] Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity and the DNA of the Chosen People, by Jon Entine. Page 203..
[10] Trial by Fire by Harold Rawlings, page 25.
[11] Trial by Fire by Harold Rawlings, page 31.
[12] Trial by Fire by Harold Rawlings, page 59.
[13] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[14] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_II,_Duke_of_Normandy
[15] Notes
1. ^ Entick, John (1766). A new and accurate history and survey of London, Westminster, Southwark, and places adjacent. London. pp. 434, vol. 1.
2. ^ Harrison, Walter (1775). A new and universal history, description and survey of the cities of London and Westminster, the borough of Southwark. London. p. 127.
3. ^ Ball, F. Elrington (September 2005) [First published 1926]. The Judges in Ireland, 1221–1921. The Lawbook Exchange. pp. 117–. ISBN 978-1-58477-428-0. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
4. ^ Thwaites, G; Taviner, M; Gant, V (1997). "The English sweating sickness, 1485 to 1551". The New England journal of medicine 336 (8): 580–2. doi:10.1056/NEJM199702203360812. PMID 9023099.
5. ^ Taviner, M; Thwaites, G; Gant, V (1998). "The English sweating sickness, 1485-1551: A viral pulmonary disease?". Medical History 42 (1): 96–98. PMC 1043971.
6. ^ Bridson, Eric (2001). "English 'sweate' (Sudor Anglicus) and Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, The". British Journal of Biomedical Science.
^ Padula, P; Edelstein A, Miguel SD, López NM, Rossi CM, Rabinovich RD. (February 15, 1998). "Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome outbreak in Argentina: molecular evidence for person-to-person transmission of Andes virus". Virology (London: Elsevier) 241 (2): 323–330. doi:10.1006/viro.1997.8976. PMID 9499807
[16] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweating_sickness
[17] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[18] [^Decipher, — From the Collection of Bishop Kyle^ at Preshome,'\
[19] * The name given by the French to the island, or rather the
rock, on which was situated the fort of Inch-Keith. It was also
termed LTsle Dieu.
[20] * Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh, who had slain the Regent Murray.
[21] http://archive.org/stream/lettersofmarystu00mary/lettersofmarystu00mary_djvu.txt
[22] http://www.nps.gov/archive/fone/1754.htm
[23] http://www.thelittlelist.net/dagtodut.htm
[24] The Northern Light, November 1982, Volume 13, #5, George Washington’s Amphibious Commander by H. Sterling French. Page 14.
[25] The Northern Light, November 1982, Volume 13, #5, George Washington’s Amphibious Commander by H. Sterling French. Page 14.
[26] Diary of the American War: A Hessian Journal by Captain Johann Ewald pgs. 75-76.
[27] Journal kept by the Distinguished Hessian Field Jaeger Corps during the Campaigns of the Royal Army of Great Britain in North America, Translated by Bruce E. Burgoyne 1986
[28] The Battle of Brandywine, by Joseph Townsend
[29] Names of Persons who took the Oath of Allegiance to the state of Pennsylvania, between the years 1777 and 1789: by Thompson Westcott, Clearfield Company, pg 87.
[30] Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
[31] [1] The Battle of Brandywine, by Joseph Townsend
[32] Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography.
[33] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Kemp%27s_Landing
[34] The Papers of Andrew Jackson, Volume V, 1821-1824
[35] On This Day in America, by John Wagman.
[36] Timetable of Cherokee Removal.
[37] Crawford Coat of Arms.
[38] http://www.ebay.com/itm/1862-65-Civil-War-Record-Union-Soldier-Roberdee-24th-Iowa-Regimental-AnnalsDiary-/221211787786?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0&hash=item338140020a
[39] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_E._Lee
[40] http://freepages.books.rootsweb.com/~cooverfamily/album_78.html
[41] After returning to Charlestown [August 28, 1864], the “Army of the Shenandoah” began preparations to march into Early’s headquarters at Winchester [September 3, 1864]. (Pvt. Miller, 24th Iowa Volunteer, http://home.comcast.net/~troygoss/millbk3.html)
[42] Annotated by Jeffery Lee Goodlove
Terezinska Pametni Kniha, Zidovske Obeti Nacistickych Deportaci Z Cech A Moravy 1941-1945 Dil Druhy
[44] “Memorial des enfants deportes de France” de Serge Klarsfeld
[45] Wikipedia.org
[46] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France 1942-1944 by Sergv Klarsfeld page 221.
[47] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1772.
• [48] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
• [2] Gedenkbuch (Germany)* does not include many victims from area of former East Germany).
[49] http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/holocaust/peopleevents/pandeAMEX101.html
[50] “Memorial des enfants deportes de France” de Serge Klarsfeld
[51] Wikipedia.org
[52] Memorial to the Jews Deported from France 1942-1944 by Sergv Klarsfeld page 221.
[53] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1772.
• [54] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
• [2] Gedenkbuch (Germany)* does not include many victims from area of former East Germany).
[55] http://www.assassinationresearch.com/v2n1/chrono1.pdf
[56] Jimmy Carter, The Liberal Left and World Chaos by Mike Evans, page 501.
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