This Day in Goodlove History, August 11

• This Day in Goodlove History, August 11

• By Jeffery Lee Goodlove

• jefferygoodlove@aol.com

•

• Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove

•

• The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with -George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.

•

• The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:

• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx

•

• This project is now a daily blog at:

• http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/

• Goodlove Family History Project Website:

• http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/

•

• Books written about our unique DNA include:

• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.

•

• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.



“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.

•

• My thanks to Mr. Levin for his outstanding research and website that I use to help us understand the history of our ancestry. Go to http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/ for more information. “For more information about the Weekly Torah Portion or the History of Jewish Civilization go to the Temple Judah Website http://www.templejudah.org/ and open the Adult Education Tab "This Day...In Jewish History " is part of the study program for the Jewish History Study Group in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.





Birthdays on this date; Elsie M. Winch, Robert W. Patton, Fayette M. Newman



Weddings on this date; Elizabeth Crawford and Nathan Plummer, Anne Bryant and Kline Gray

Ten Commandments Fight Goes Another Round In Florida



By BRENT KALLESTAD 08/10/11 05:14 PM ET

CROSS CITY, Fla. -- The folks who live in this sparsely populated rural region along Florida's upper west coast don't like outsiders butting in, especially when it comes to their religious beliefs.

They're miffed, to put it politely, and appealing a federal judge's order to remove a five-foot high granite monument that prominently displays the Ten Commandments in front of the Dixie County courthouse by Sunday.

It's the latest skirmish in a years-long conflict across the United States between state and local officials who have wanted to honor the laws that help define their faith and those who argue such displays should stay out of any public forum under a Constitution that bars the establishment of religion.

It has been almost eight years since former Alabama Supreme Court Chief Justice Roy Moore was removed from office and gained nationwide notoriety for refusing to move another huge granite monument to the Commandments from the court's lobby. But similar disputes continue to trickle through the courts in towns and counties nationwide.

Dixie County officials and residents say support for their monument is unanimous and they accuse outsiders of trampling on their way of life.

"We have not had one negative comment from the community," said county manager Mike Cassidy, a 48-year-old, fourth-generation Floridian who grew up in Cross City. "No one in this county has come forward and said, `this should be removed.' It has been totally unanimous."

The six-ton, $20,000 monument still sits on the courthouse steps. Beneath the commandments, the monument reads in large capital letters, "LOVE GOD AND KEEP HIS COMMANDMENTS."

Residents here have long had a reputation for their independence and don't take kindly to outsider interference, even if it's a constitutional issue.

"There will be people standing around it to protect it when they come to remove it," said Donald Eady, a 38-year-old mobile mechanic who lives in neighboring Old Town, a short jaunt south down four-lane U.S. Hwy 19. "The people here enjoy it. We should have that freedom, but they're taking our freedom away daily."



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Federal judge Maurice Paul ruled on July 15 in favor of the American Civil Liberties Union of Florida, which sued Dixie County to remove the monument from the front of the courthouse building in Cross City. The monument was bought by a local businessman, who pays for its maintenance as well.

The Florida ACLU argued that an official government display of a religious monument violates a clause in the First Amendment that prohibits the government from promoting religious messages. The county argued that a private citizen owns the monument.

"The actual ownership of the monument, the location and permanent nature of the display make it clear to all reasonable observers that Dixie County chooses to be associated with the message being conveyed," Paul said in his ruling.

Attorneys for Dixie County filed notice July 26 at the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals to defend the county's policy allowing private displays of law and history. The status of that appeal is pending.

Disputes in Kentucky, Virginia, Utah, New Mexico and other states have continued to bounce through lower courts since the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 in 2005 that displaying the Ten Commandments could be constitutional if its main purpose was to honor the nation's legal traditions, rather than religious traditions.

Some governments have tried to follow that ruling by displaying the Commandments with other legal documents, like the Magna Carta and Hammurabi's Code. But conflicting opinions have since been issued in appeals courts.

The U.S. Supreme Court declined to take up the issue again in February when it refused to consider a dispute about displays banned from two Kentucky courthouses.

The Dixie County monuments were paid for by Joe Anderson Jr., the president of Lake City-based Columbia Anderson, which has grown over its 53-year history into one of the largest highway construction and paving firms in the Southeast. He is listed on the back as its owner. He has also paid for three identical monuments in neighboring counties.

Attempts to reach Anderson were referred to Liberty Counsel attorney Mathew Staver, who represents Dixie County in the appeal. Anderson has agreed to remove the monument if a stay is not received by Sunday's deadline, Staver said Wednesday.

"There's nobody in that county who wants that monument moved," Staver said.

The suit was filed anonymously by an out-of-state individual. The plaintiff's name has been kept private by court order.

"The plaintiff came into the town, left the town, never intended to live or come back," Staver said. "This is a person that doesn't even live in the state of Florida and has no intention of moving."

Derek Newton, spokesman for the Florida ACLU, disputes Staver's claim that the plaintiff is from out-of-state. He said the plaintiff splits time between homes in Florida and North Carolina and has belonged to the ACLU since 1989.

"The plaintiff is the ACLU," Newton said. "The person who we took to the court as a member of the ACLU was a resident of an adjoining county, who was seeking to buy property in Dixie County. They went to the courthouse to pull public records and decided not to buy property in Dixie County in part because of the offensive monument in front of the courthouse."

Howard Simon, executive director of the ACLU's Florida operation, said the community can relocate the monument at a church or other house of worship.

There is little public disagreement about the religious sentiments in the county where there is 12 percent unemployment in an economy largely dependent on the timber industry.

Driving into Cross City on Hwy 19 from the north and one is greeted by a sign in front of the First Baptist Church which reads: "Listen to God's Word And Do As He Says."

"A bunch of people that ain't got no damn sense want to tear down the good Lord," said Jeannie Hoffman from neighboring Tennille. "They took prayer out of schools, they took paddlings out of schools, they took all your rights away right there."

Although most are still registered as Democrats, Dixie County votes increasingly Republican. U.S. Sen. John McCain and former President George Bush both fared well with Dixie County voters, who have all Republicans representing them in the Florida Legislature.

Although one of the poorest areas of Florida with the timber industry about the only thing left after a government net ban shut down the fishing business some 20 years ago, Dixie County has historically boasted some of the better schools in the state based on a statewide grading system.

Incorporated in 1924, Cross City is the largest community in Dixie County with roughly 1,700 residents. The second largest is Horseshoe Beach with about 200 folks. The remaining 15,000 or so residents are scattered throughout the heavily wooded county.

Remote and spread out, but still tight-knit.

"We support what we feel is right four our citizens," said Cassidy, who like most of the government leaders and local law enforcement, grew up in the community.

And to them that means keeping the Ten Commandments monument right where it is.[1]





In a message dated 8/10/2011 5:27:14 P.M. Central Daylight Time, JPT@donationnet.net writes:





I Get Email!



Will the Obama Administration Overthrow the Netanyahu Government?


Dear Jeff,

Rumors are floating that the Obama Administration, following in the footsteps of the Clinton Administration before it, is working behind the scenes to destroy the coalition government of my old friend Benjamin Netanyahu and replace it with another that would be willing to make the devastating concessions President Obama is demanding Israel make.

The support of the Obama Administration for Palestinian statehood is well known, and their frustration with Prime Minister Netanyahu is growing. As the deadline for the UN vote gets closer, the pressure is being ratcheted up day by day. In 1999, the Clinton Administration succeeded in its behind-the-scenes efforts, replacing Netanyahu with Ehud Barak. Barak offered the PLO more than 98% of what they claimed to want, including control over much of Jerusalem and nearly the entire West Bank, but Yasser Arafat refused the deal.

Now the pattern of history appears to be repeating itself. If a new Israeli government takes power and makes the concessions asked for by the Palestinians, peace will not come. The evil terrorists who hate all Jews will never be satisfied so long as Israel exists. If the Netanyahu government remains in power and refuses to go along with a UN declaration of Palestinian statehood, war is almost certain to result, and Israel will be alone and isolated by the world. This is a dangerous crossroads of history and prophecy, and we must be faithful to pray now more than ever before.




This Day…



August 1179[2]: The Templars newly built castle on the Jordan was too important of a location for Saladin to just walk away. The Templars knew they would not allow a fortress less than a half days ride from the Capital, Damascas. In the year 1179 he moved to destroy it. [3] Saladin’s call to arm rallies a massive army from every corner of the Islamic world.[4]

August 1198: Saladdin’s nephew al-Malik, caliph of Yemen, summons all the Jews and forcibly converts them.[5]

August 11, 1492: Alexander VI is elected Pope. Alexander was one of the Borgia popes. He had reputation for “moral depravity” and was more politician than prelate. He defied Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain by allowing large numbers of Marranos who were fleeing the Inquisition to take refuge in Rome. He did reduce the size of the badge worn by the Jews under his rule but raised their taxes by five per cent. He also lengthened the course that the Jews of Rome were forced to run each year so that he could view it from the comfort of his castle. The Jews were forced to run naked much to the amusement of the Christian population of Rome – the home of Catholicism. Everything is relative and for all of his shortcomings, Alexander VI’s treatment of the Jews was a lot better than that of the other Catholic strongman of the day, The Grand Inquisitor – Torquemada. [6]

August 11, 1634: Seventeen arrests were made by the Inquisition after a man turned another man in for being "unwilling to make a sale on Saturday," and for not wanting to eat bacon.[7]

Sunday August 11, 1754

George Washington writes a letter to his friend William Fairfax criticizing Lt. Governor Dinwiddie's plan to resume operations against the French in the Ohio country and complaining of a lack of men, supplies, and funds for the undertaking. "... you will perceive what great deficiencies there are of Men, Arms, Tents, Kettles, Screws (which was a fatal want before), Bayonets, Cartouch-Boxes, &c, &c... the chief part are almost naked, and scarcely a man has either shoes, stockings, or hat. The Lt. Governor proposed that the Virginia Regiment destroy the corn fields of the Indian village of Logstown. Washington wrote, "At this question I am a little surprised, when it is known we must pass the French fort {Ft Duquesne} and the Ohio to get to Log-town; and how this can be done with inferior number {of men}". [8]



George Washington to Robert Stewart, August 11, 1758



Camp at Fort Cumberland, August 11, 1758.



My dear Stewart: I am sorry to transmit an Order that will give you pain; but must nevertheless tell you, that the following came in a Letter from Col. Bouquet to me last Night.



“As our Troop of light Horse is too much harrass’d by continual Service; I desire you will send me half of Captn. Stewarts Troop, with one or two of his Officers, as you may think necessary to take care of them.”



As the Col, gives me a discretionary power to send one or two, one must be his Lot; and that I think shou’d be your Cornet; as Mr. Crawford is appointed to the Troop pro-tempore only, he shou’d be put to little Inconvenience.



It will be scarce worth your while, to confine yourself with the other half of the Troop; I shou’d be glad therefore to have your Company at this place, as I think you may Trust to Mr. Crawfords care; however, in this case, pursue your own Inclinations.



Your Letter to Majr. Halkett got to Rays Town in less than 24 hours after you writ it. I shall appoint no Person to do Brigade Majrs. Duty till I hear more from that Gentleman, as you may be assur’d in this, as in all things else, I have the strongest inclination to serve you; being Dr. Stewart with most unfeigned truth. Y’r Affect’e Friend, etc.[9]



August 11, 1772: Following the partition of Poland which gave the Russians a large, unwanted population, Catherine II whom the Boyars call “Great,” issued an order that read, “Jewish communities residing in the towns, cities and territories now incorporated in the Russian Empire shall be left in the enjoyment of all those liberties with regard to their religion and property which they at present possess.”[10]



Friday, August 11th, 1775. Last night Miss G[11]. came. A fine blooming Irish Girl. The Flesh overcame the Spirit.[12]



Records of Moravian Congregation at Hebron, 1775-1781

August 11, 1780: The three classes of militia were ordered to

assemble under threats of heavy punishment, but few came

and these declared that they would not leave. Twelve boys

who have not yet been away, subscribed that they were

willing to go. [13]



New Kent Mountain, August 11, 1781



Marquis De Lafayette to George Washington



Be sure, my dear general, that the pleasure of being with you will make

me happy in any command you may think proper to give me; but for the

present I am of opinion, with you, I had better remain in Virginia, the

more so, as Lord Cornwallis does not choose to leave us, and

circumstances may happen that will furnish me agreeable opportunities

in the command of the Virginian army. I have pretty well understood

you, my dear general, but would be happy in a more minute detail,

which, I am sensible, cannot be entrusted to letters. Would not Gouvion

be a proper ambassador? indeed, at all events, I should be happy to

have him with me; but I think he would perfectly well answer your

purpose; a gentleman in your family could with difficulty be spared.

Should something be ascertained, Count Damas might come, under pretence

to serve with me; it is known he is very much my friend. But, to return

to operations in Virginia, I will tell you, my dear general, that Lord

Cornwallis is entrenching at York and at Gloucester. The sooner we

disturb him, the better; but unless our maritime friends give us help,

we cannot much venture below.[14]

1785 - August 11 - By orders of the Board of Property (September 15, 1784 and March 7, 1785), a survey was made for Benjamin Harrison pursuant to a Certificate granted by the Commissioners from the State of Virginia, entered February 4, 1780 - 290-3/4 acres and 6% allowance for roads, etc., on the Youghiogheny River below the mouth of Dickinson's Run in Franklin Township, Fayette County, Penn.[15]

August 11, 1790: Christian Kuhn, a soldier of gigantic stature, after escaping from the Trenton battle, appears to have deserted the Hessian Corps, for later on in the war he joined Captain Zebulon M. Pike's company of

Colonel Stephen Moylan's Fourth regiment. Continental dragoons, and

subsequently was discharged therefrom on account of a sabre cut on

his arm. Under Act of Congress, August 11, 1790, he was placed on

the New Jersey Invalid Pension Roll as Christian Koon, spelled also

Khun, Kuhn and Coon, and died January 23, 1823, at Montgomery,

Orange County, New York. [16]



August 11, 1804: Francis II assumed the title of first Emperor of Austria. When it came to his Jewish subjects, Francis and his chief minister, Metternich followed in the footsteps Maria Theresa and not the more liberal Joseph II. During his reign ghettos were set up in Austria. Jews were not allowed to settle in the province of Tyrol. Stringent restrictions were placed on where Jews could live in Bohemia and Moravia. In Vienna, a special tax was placed on all Jews who entered the capital. While the Emperor “ennobled a few Jews” he “humiliated” the remainder of the population. Jewish marriages were restricted to the eldest son or those who had enough money to pay large bribes to the appropriate officials.[17]

1805

“I shall need…the Israel of old, from their native land and planted them in a country flowing with all the necessities and comforts of life,” Jefferson would declare in 1805 in his second inaugural address.[18]





1805



In 1803 or 1804 Congress passed a law donating 3 percent of all money received from sale of lands for use on roads. This donation was called per cent fund. One Capt. Moore, and his brother Thomas, in 1805 took a contract to open a road from Franklinton to Springfield. When they got within a few miles of Springfield with the road, they made a frolic of the job, and invited all the people around to come and help them, so they might go into Springfield in one day. The people turned out and put the road through in one day and that night they had a big supper and ball at Foos’, which was a grand affair. There was great rejoicing that the road was done.[19]



Thomas Moore Drove the first hogs East from this region. He bought his drove from the people on credit. He bought some from one lady named Nancy Reed, promising to bring her a silk dress pattern from Baltimore as payment for her hogs. He drove his hogs to Baltimore, but as his expenses on the trip were more than the original cost of the hogs, he lost money, and could not pay in full for the hogs when he got home. But he brought Nancy her silk dress, and she had the honor of wearing the first silk in this part of the country, and athe same time, the satisfaction of getting payment in full for hogs, a thing which nobody else could say. But Moore paid all a proportional part, and promised the remainder as soon as he could get it. It was several years before he made payment of these debts, but he did it after he got back from serving with Hull in his campaigns. He had saved enough out of his wages to cancel his hog debts. Moore lived and died on the farm where he first settled.[20]





Thurs. August 11, 1864:

In camp went out to an orchard got some

Apples wrote a letter home[21]



August 11, 1915: The time was certainly less than propitious for generating support to build a new school in Hopkintonh, even if the Hopkinton district did gain access to a larger tax base through consolidation. To many, the choise seemed to be between keeping Lenox afloat and consolidation. Although there was support for consolidation in the No. 8 subdistrict of Union Township, Buck Creekers had voiced their opposition to including any of the other Union Township subdistricts in a new Hoipkinton district. In addition, considerable opposition was anticipated from most of the subdistricts of South Fork Township. Nevertheless, the Hopkinton board thought the issue should be put to a vote. They prepared and circulated the appropriate petitions, secured the approval of the county superintendent, and scheduled the election for August 11, 1915.[22]



August 11, 1915: The proposition lost and lost badly. It even failed to obtain a simple majority of the total vote. The vote tally was 80-69 in the Hopkinton district and 43-76 in the area outside. According to Mrs. Reeve’s column the next week, “The consolidated school proposition which has been engrossing the attention of our people for some time, was put to death Wednesday bhy the voters of the districts involved. Opposition was based mainly upon the basis of taxes.” One informant recalled that on election day, a large party of men and boys from a neighborhood east of Hopkinton were threshing and “after dinner the whole thrashing crew got up and went and voted against it, every last one of them.” [23]



August 11, 1919: The Weimar Republic's first Reichspräsident ("Reich President"), Friedrich Ebert of the SPD, signed the new German constitution into law. The Weimar Republic marked Germany’s first experience with a truly democratic government. It failed for lack of popular support and would give way to Hitler’s Third Reich. One of the excuses offered for German support the Holocuast was that Jews were associated with the founding of the Weimar Republic and the Weimar Republic was viewed as a humiliation saddled on the Germans by the Allies at the end of World War I. The logic is tortured, but it is neither the first time that people would rationalize and justify their anti-Semitism. [24]



August 11, 1920 W. A. Ottilie, the Delaware County superintendent, set August 11, 1920, as the deadling for his receipt of “objections to the boundaries or to the formation of the district.” He received four petitions protesting the formation of the district. Two of these were filed by Protestant landowners residing in, but also owning several other farms in, the northern half of subdistrict No. 6 in Hazel Green Township. Their objections centered on the microgeography of the proposed district’s boundaries. They were concertned that most of the farmland they owned was included in the district while the farmhouses occupied by their tenants were not. In short they objectyed to paying taxes, the benefits of which were denied to their tenants. The other two petitions were more substantial.Twenty four men signed the first one. They constituted a majority of the heads of household in each of three subdistricts, Hazel Green No,. 6 and No. 7 and Union No. 4. In addition, five persons signed from the No. 1 subdistrict (even though their farms were no longer in the propsed district), two from No. 2 (Upper Buck Creek), and even two from No. 3 (Buck Creek).

All told, forty one persons officially protested the formation of the district in writing. Twenty nine of these were Catholics. Of the twelve Protestants signing petitions protesting the formation of the sitrict, nine lived in predominantly Catholick neighborhoods. Catholic parnts did voice their skepticism about the success of the community building program of the Buck Creek Church. Although they probably would bhave preferred to to so, they fcould not protest the formation of the district on the three grounds that troubled them most. First, that they would be turning the control of their childrens education over to a Methodist community that had shown no sensitivity to the wishes of Catholic families. Two, that the Buck Creekers had failed to repudiate the anti-Catholic activities of the Ku Klux Klan in the area. Three, thqat the proponents of consolidation had included predominantly Catholic neighborhoods in the proposal soley because they needed the additional tax base to build their consolidated school. Instead, they protested the formation of the district on the politically more acceptable grounds of cost, fiscal responsibility, propert value deprecitiation, and the poor condition of the roads over which children could need to be transported.

Although consolidated schools were to become the social centers of new rural communities, those in positions of power at the state level considered the issue of how these communities might actually be constituted geographically as irrelevant in the delimitation of consolitdated distri cts. This permitted the taxing power of the state to be harnessed to the community building efforts of sectarian groups, even if these efforts had the effect of undermining the viability of otrher communities, including preexisting rural neighborhoods. The school consolidation laws had been designed to encourage the closing of country schools and to foster the building of a different kind of school forfarm children. The law was silent on what kind of community these new schools wouold serfve. They would remain “local” in some sense; apparentyly not as local as the traditional rural neighborhood based on routine, but intensive, face to face social interaction. In 1920 not everybody in the Buck Creek area certainly not Catholics was ready for the new kind of community being constructed by the Buck Creek Methodists.[25]



August 11, 1921: On August 11, 1921, the Manchester Press reprinted another letter critical of consolidation. This one was from Wallace’s Farmer. It was written by a farmer living in the New Providence consolidated district in Hardin County who had had children in the consolidated school every year since it opened in 1913. He was very critical of his children having to endure being transported 4.75 miles to school in unheated wagons and sleds, often being gone from home from 6:30 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. He proclaimed that “these conditions are the things that cause farmers to fight consolidation…. It is mighty poor business to spend a hundred thousand dollars for a schoolhouse and then thousands more for a faculty; then mpose such horrible conditions on the farmer’s children that they can not be in condition to receive instruction.” He recommended that if consolidation was to be forced on the farmer, then the state should set standards for school buses to assure their safety and comfort. Finally he recommended that the state outlaw large districts. Finally he recommended that the state outlaw large districts. “The state should be redistricted into districts of sixteen sections each, allowing the patrons of each new district to say whether they shall consolidate or continue to use their four small schools” He added:



This will get us away from one of the evils of the present system. At the present time, some small poverty stricken town will need a new school house, and they can’t raise sufficient money to build what they want. So they begin to work for consolidation, with a view of forcing the famrers of the community into building the schoolhouse for them, or paying for at least 90 percent of it. Redistrict the state, and the small town folks can have the kind of school they want if they can pay for it, and the farmers can have their own schoolds and control them…[Farmers] want the system that will give our children the greatest opportunities with as few hardships as possible, and at the least possible cost.



The reprinting of these letters seems to have been sparked by consolidation controversies in the Lamont and Masonville areas west of Manchester. Like the Buck Creek controversy, both of these had become politicized locally as struggles between Catholics and Protestants over who was to control the public schools. What is more important, however, they indicate that the local press was finally willing to give consolidation opponents a forum to voice their concerns. The Buck Creek controversy certainly helped pave the way for this change in policy.[26]





August 11, 1941: Jewish lawyers are limited to 2 percent of those admitted to practice by the French bar. On August 11, the same 2 percent limitation is applied to Jewish physicians.[27]



August 11, 1942: Two thousand Jews are killed in Rostov-on Don.[12][28]



August 11, 2007 : Goodlove Family Reunion, Central City, Iowa The assembled Goodlove clan learns for the first time about their unique DNA, and the Cohen Model Haplotype. I reveal what I had learned that year about what the Cohen Model haplotype is, and how my father, Gary Goodlove, had been tested to see if we had the same gggg grandfather as Ray Godlove. For the record and for those who do not know the Goodlove family, we have been a Christian family back to our earliest known ancestor, our ggg grandfather Conrad Goodlove, born 1793.







--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/10/ten-commandments-courthouse-florida_n_923862.html

[2] Last Stand of the Templars, NTGEO, 4/4/2011

[3] The Knights Templar DVD, American Home Treasures, 2001.

[4] Last Stand of the Templars, NTGEO, 4/4/2011

[5] www.wikipedia.org

[6] This Day in Jewish History

[7] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[8] http://www.nps.gov/archive/fone/1754.htm

[9] The George Washington Papers at the Library of Congress, 1741-1799

The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources, 1745-1799. John C. Fitzpatrick, Editor.--vol. 02

[10] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[11] It appears to me (Karen Garnett) that John Crawford was first married to Frances Bradford, and she died in PA, prbably by 1778. John then married Effie, though official record was lost. She is probably the vivacious Miss Grimes always about the Crawford household in 1775. In 1797 in Adams County, John, for legal reasons had to prove his identity, and Effie is then registered as his wife. It is also possible that there was a common law marriage here, since Col. Wm. in his will makes special mention of "heirs lawfully begotten." Emahiser seems to think that they married as early as 1767. (Ancestors of Forrest Roger Garnett Page 454.7.)

[12] The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell, 1774-1777 pg. 100

[13] Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography

[14] Memoirs, Correspondence and Manuscripts of General Lafayette, by Lafayette

[15] (Survey Bk. C, v. 176, p. 236; Warrant #22, Fayette County; Patent Book P, v. 4, p. 60; Pennsylvania Dept. of Community Affairs, Harrisburg) Chronology of Benjamin Harrison compiled by Isobel Stebbins Giuvezan. Afton, Missouri, 1973 http://www.shawhan.com/benharrison.html

[16] THE BATTLES OF TRENTON AND PRINCETON BY WILLIAM S. STRYKER



[17] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[18] Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People, by Jon Entine, page 145.

[19] History of Clark County Ohio, page 383-384.

[20] History of Clark County Ohio, page 394.

[21] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove

[22] There Goes the Neighborhoo, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 162-163.

[23] There Goes the Neighborhoo, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 163.

• [24] This Day in Jewish History



[25] There Goes the Neighborhood, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 191-192.

[26] There Goes the Neighborhood, Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Twentieth Century Iowa, by David R. Reynolds, page 213.

[27] French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial, by Serge Klarsfeld, page 25.

[28] [12] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1773.