This Day in Goodlove History, August 27

This Day in Goodlove History, August 27

By Jeffery Lee Goodlove

jefferygoodlove@aol.com

Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove

The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.



The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:

New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx



This project is now a daily blog at:

http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/

Goodlove Family History Project Website:

http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/


Num
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3985-Number of Hits on www.thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com



Birthdays on this date; Mildred Kruse, Katie N Jardine, David W. Goodlove, Linnie Godlove, Sonya R. Freeman, Harriet E. Aylesworth



Weddings on this date; Jenivie Tuicker and Uriah B. Hannah, Jean Vance and Hugh L. Davidson

Israel: Gaza militants fire rocket despite truce


August 27, 2011 05:27 AM EST |

JERUSALEM — The Israeli police say Gaza militants have launched a rocket into southern Israel despite a new cease-fire.

Police spokeswoman Luba Samri says one rocket landed in an open area on Friday night. There were no injuries.

Palestinian militants from Gaza on Thursday called their second truce in less than five days to try to end more than a week of hostilities with Israel.

The escalation started earlier in August with an incursion by Gaza militants who crossed from Egypt and staged an attack in southern Israel.

The military said Friday that one of the eight Israelis killed in that incident died by friendly fire.

Gaza militants have since fired over 160 projectiles, killing one Israeli and wounding 20. Retaliatory Israeli airstrikes killed 26 Palestinians.



I Get Email!

In a message dated 8/26/2011 10:27:07 A.M. Central Daylight Time,

Hi Jeff,

It was good to meet you at the reunion this summer. I'm hoping you can help clarify some conflicting information for me pertaining to William Crawford's daughter Anne. Was she the daughter of William and his first wife Anne or William and Hannah? I've also been seeing conflicting data regarding her marriage. I've been reviewing old approved SAR applications on Ancestry.com and some state that Anne was married to James Connell while other's state she was married to Zachariah Connell. She's a mystery to me. Any chance you can help? Thanks!

K



PS: Please don't use my name in your blog.



K, I was very nice to meet you too! Regarding William Crawford, there is a lot of conflicting information out there but I think I figured it out a while back. William Crawford was married twice. His first wife, Ann Stewart, born 1722 in Summit Point, VA married William Crawford in 1742 in VA. They had a daughter, named Ann Crawford. born in 1743 in Berkeley, VA. She died in Fayette, PA. Ann Crawford married James Connell in 1759. Ann and James son, James Connell was born May 22, 1760, in Frederick Co. VA. He died in 1828.



Zachariah Connell, born 1741, was James Connell's older brother. He had two wives, Rebecca Rice and Margaret Wallace.



So Ann was William Crawfords niece, which is why she was in his will, and also why he was seen visiting at her place. This led to some fairly gossipy writing by some people in his day. She was known as Ann Crawford to some, because that was her maiden name, and Ann Connell, which was obviously her married name.



As far as SAR applications go, I have found some of them to be the most confusing places to find out family history. Much of the information is incorrect and you have to do a fair amount of sifting.



Also remember there were three Colonel William Crawfords, in the American Revolution, all with sons named John. For more information go to The Brothers Crawford, by Scholl. I think it is in print or you can interlibrary loan it from the library.



Please feel free to inquire about any family history matters in future.



Jeff Goodlove



And…

Dear Jeffery,

Hello again from Jerusalem. What an amazing, wonderful, busy week this has been. It has been my privilege once again to come to the Holy Land and stand for the people of Israel as your ambassador. The Jewish people are in desperate need of our help right now. They are facing physical, spiritual, economic, and emotional attacks on every side. In less than 30 days, the UN will vote on Palestinian statehood—a vote that is a grave threat to Israel’s very survival.

Things in Israel are very tense. Terrorist attacks killed at least nine people in the last week and a half. Tensions with Egypt are the highest they have been since the 1970’s. Iran continues to arm Hamas and Hezbollah terrorists. The Israeli economy is being hamstrung by boycotts against their products throughout Europe. The cost of living is spiraling out of control, leading to widespread protests. Over everything hangs the specter of the looming UN vote.

But God is working. I was privileged to speak to thousands in person and a worldwide audience via television and the Internet, encouraging people to stand with Israel. I was constantly aware of your prayers during this event. It was wonderful to see so many people willing to stand up and be counted on behalf of Israel. And I am so thankful for God’s Divine protection on all of us who were involved. There were very serious threats made against these events, and I know prayer raised a shield the enemy could not penetrate to attack us.


Mike Evans and Glenn Beck discuss increasing support for Israel.



This Day…

August 27, 410: The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days. Some view the Visigoths as just one more group of barbarians that helped to bring an end to the Roman Empire. But that is only part of the story. The Visigoths were Arians and they supplanted the anti-Jewish Catholic hierarchy, when they took control of parts of what is now Spain later in the 5th Century. For the Visigoths, the Catholics were synonymous with their Roman enemy but they had no animosity for the Jews. They took advantage of their unique skills and the Jews repaid them by taking a leading role in defending the passes of the Pyrenees against invasion from the Catholic Franks and Burundians. All this would come to an end in the last half of the sixth century when the Visigoth kings converted to Catholicism and adopted the anti-Jewish policies espoused by the Church.[1]

415 Alexandria, Jews expelled.[2]

415-1009 CE: Hagia Sion Basilica, Church of the Apostiles, Jerusalem.[3]

August 27, 1255: The day on which Hugh of Lincoln reportedly died. Discovery of his body two days later touched off one of the first, if not the first, Blood Libel.[4]

August 27, 1705

(27 Aug 1705) James City Parish - Mr. George Lee and Mr. Joseph Pettitt, church wardens, Robert Holderbe and Christopher Smith, clerks of the Vestry. Parishes were equivalent to present day counties and had both civil and religious roles. The Vestry Clerk is the equivalent of today’s county clerk. As Clerk, Christopher was paid a salary and five pounds of tobacco or six shillings for recording births, deaths and marriages. The tower of the James City Church still stands; the church was rebuilt in the early 1900s. [5]

Monday, August 27th, 1775



This morning my bed fellow went into the woods and caught her horse and mine, saddled them, put my Blanket on the saddle, and prepared everything ready, seemingly with a great deal, of good nature. Absolutely refused my assistance. The old Woman got me some dried venison for Breakfast. When I took my leave returned the thanks as well as I could by signs. My Bedfellow was my guide and conducted me through the woods, where there were no signs of a road or without my knowing with certainty whither I was going. She often mentioned John Anderson and talked a great deal in Indian. I attempted to speak Indian, which diverted her exceedingly. In about an hour she brought me to Mr. Anderson’s camp, who had been very uneasy at my absence and employed an Indian to seek me. I gave my Dulcinea a match coat, with which she seemed very well pleased. Proceeded on our journey and about noon got to an Indian Town called Wale-hack-tap-poke, or the Town with a good Spring, on the Banks of the Muskingham and inhabited by Dellawar Indians. Christianized under the Moravian Sect, it is a pretty town consisting of about sixty houses, and is built of logs and covered with Clapboards. It is regularly laid out in three spacious streets which meet in the centre, where there is a large meeting house built of logs sixty foot square covered with Shingles, Glass in the windows and a Bell, a good plank floor with two rows of forms. Adorned with some few pieces of Scripture painting, but very indifferently executed. All about the meeting house is kept very clean.

In the evening went to the meeting. But never was I more astonished in my life. I expected to have seen nothing but anarchy and confusion, as I have been taught to look upon these beings with contempt. Instead of that, here is the greatest regularity, order, and decorum, I ever saw in any place of Worship, in my life. With that solemnity of behaviour and modest, religious deportment would do honour to the first religious society on earth, and put a bigot or enthusiast, out of countenance. The parson was a Dutchman, but preached in English, He had an Indian interpreter, who explained it to the Indians by sentences. They sung in the Indian language. The men sit on one row of forms and the women on the other with the children in the front. Each sex comes in and goes out of their own side of the house. The old men sit on each side the parson. Treated with Tea, Coffee, and Boiled Bacon at supper. The Sugar they make themselves out of the sap of a certain tree. Lodged at Whiteman’s house, married to an Indian woman. [6]



On August 27, 1776: the troops at Brooklyn Heights disintegrated under an unexpected attack from their left flank. In a British effort to earn goodwill for a negotiated peace, they allowed American survivors to flee to Manhattan. Otherwise, the War for Independence might easily have been quashed less than three months after it began.

Born in Rhode Island in August 1742, Greene was elected to the Rhode Island legislature at the age of 28 in 1770. Overcoming his Quaker scruples against violence and warfare, Greene joined a local militia at the outbreak of the American Revolution in 1774 and was promoted to the rank of brigadier general of the Continental Army by Congress in 1775. [7]

After the evacuation of the British from Boston, Washington’s army followed them to New York. On Long Island, the Continenetals suffered a series of routs, culminating in the battle of Long Island on August 27. [8]



The Battle of Long Island



The American army suffers the first of a series of disastrous defeats, beginning with the Battle of Long Island. Washington is outmaneuvered by British general William Howe, and forced to evacuate Long Island and Manhattan. American Morale is very low.[9]



August 27, Colonel William Crawford was in campaign on Long Island.[10] The regiment which he (William Crawford) raised was made up principally of men from the region now embraced in the counties of Westmoreland and Fayette, but no rolls or lists of their names can be given. The regiment took the firld early in 1776, fought well in the battle of Long Island, marched with Washington’s dispirited army in its retreat through New Jersey in the latter part of the same year, and performed good service at Trenton and other engagemements, but in the latter years of the war served in the Western Department, and for a long time formed part of the garrison Fort Pitt..[11]



August 27, 1776

Franz Gotlob’s regiment was at Long Island.

“August 27. Our colonel had been promised that he should make the first attack, and he heard that the English were to attack today, but he had not received any orders either last evening or this morning. About ten o’clock we were all put under arms (the colonel having then spoken with General von Heister), and about eleven we were all in order of battle. On our left and right the English advanced on the flanks, and destroyed those that we drove back. On the left wing, where I commanded the advanced guards (thirty chasseurs and twenty grenadiers), stood Colonel Block, with his battalion. Behind me I had Captain Mallet with one company, as a reserve. In the centre Captain von Wrede attacked, and had the battalion von Minnigerode behing him. On the right Captain Lory pressed on, supported by the three remaining companies of Linsig’s battalion” [Battalion von Linsingen].

In describing this arrangement of the troops, the writer refers only to the brigade in which he served. The Hessians, forming the centre of the British force, were posted on the Flatbush road. The right, under Clinton and Lord Percy, with Sir William Howe, had started early in the morning and succeeded in turning the left wing of the American position, near Bedford, and in getting in its rear. On hearing the cannon on his right, Heiste ordered the Hessians to advance. The battle was substantially lost and won before the first shot was fired, the Americans having been outflanked. The latter saw themselves in danger of being cut off from their fortifications, and fled. A few of them were drowned in Gowanus Creek while trying to escape. Two whole regiments would probably have been captured but for the bravery of General Stirling, who selected five companies of Marylanders, with whom he covered the retreat of the rest. Of these five companies only eight men escaped death or capture. We return to our Hessian officer and his narrative.

“My chasseurs were so eager that I had hardly got into the wood when I found myself alone with my command. I came into the middle of the rebel camp, where they still were, saw on my left their great camp, on my right a fortification, and fifty or sixty men were forming in column before me. But we left them no time and beat them completely. Many were shot and still more taken prisoners. I did not lose a single man, so much had the rebels come to be afraid of the chasseurs. Things went equally well on the other wing. We lost few men, and except one chasseur, who was shot in the village, not a single one was killed. On the other hand, we made on the first more than five hundred prisoners, among whom were General Stirling and one other general, and Colonel Johnson was shot. General Stirling is one of the most important rebels, who, sword in hand, forced the people to fight against their king. As long as we had no horses, the prisoners were harnessed in front of the cannon, and they were afterwards sent aboard the ships of war. In two days we had taken eleven hundred men. The rebels looked ragged, and had no shirts on. Our Hessians marched like Hessians: they marched incorrigibly, and the English like the bravest and best of soldiers. They, therefore, lost more men than we. This was a lucky day for us. The rebels had a very bad one in the village of Flatbush. At first they made good use of their position, burned down a house and set fire to the barns upon our outposts. But when we attacked them courageously in their hiding places, they ran, as all mobs do.” [12]







[13]





















The following two sources list the engagements of the von Mirbach regiment. More analysis of the engagements is needed. JG.



Strength Estimates of American Forces

August 27, 1776: estimated totals 28,500 officers and men; effectives 19,000

This is an historian’s careful estimate by Henry P. Johnston, adjusting strength returns from August 3 and September 12, 1776. Johnston identifies 71 regiments or parts of regiments, of which 25 were Continental. His estimate is very close to Washington’s report on September 2 that “our number of men at present fit for duty is under 20,000.”[14]



REGIMENT VON MIRBACH

(MIR plus company number)



The Regiment V. Mirbach departed on March 1, 1776 from Melsungen. It embarked from Breznerlehe on May 12, 1776 and reached New York on 14 August 1776. The regiment was part of the Hessian First Division and took part in the following major engagements:



-- Long Island (NY, August 27, 1776)

-- Fort Washington (upper Manhattan, NY, November 16 1776)

-- Brandywine (PA, September 11, 1777)

-- Redbank (Gloucester County, NJ, also known as Fort Mercer, October 22-November 21, 1777)



The regiment departed from New York on November 21,

1783 and arrived at Breznerlehe on April, 20, 1784.

They returned to their quarters in Melsungen on

May 30, 1784.







Musketeer Regiment von Mirbach, to 1780: Musketeer Regiment Jung von Lossburg, 1780 to war’s end (Hesse Cassel) Arrived at New York August 1776 Sent on the 1777 Philadelphia campaign fighting at Brandywine and Red Bank, N.J. Returned to New York, December, 1777, and stationed there until returned to Germany, 1783. Uniform: Red facings trimmed with plain white lace, white small clothes, red stocks; officers’ lace, silver.

CHIEF: Major General W. von Mirbach, to 1780

Major General W. von Lossburg, 1780 to war’s end

COMMANDER: Colonel J.A. von Loos, to 1777 Colonel von Block, 1777-1779

Colonel C.C. von Romrod, 1777 to war’s end

FIELD COMMANDER: Lieutenant Colonel von Schieck, to October, 1777

Lieutenant Colonel H. von Borck, October, 1777 to war’s end.[15]



August 27, 1777

August 27th Court met according to adjournment.

Present: John Campbell, Richard Yeates, William Goe, George Vallandingham, John McDowell, Isaac Cox, Thomas Freeman, Oliver Miller, Zacheriah Connel, John Cannon & John McDaniel, Gentlemen Justices.

Alexander Bowling against William Poston. Pluries Capias. Alexander Bowling against Francis Morrison. In Case. Plur. Capias.

Christian Summitt against John Golliher and wife. In Slander, Plurious Capias.



The said James being Solemnly Called & failing to appear the Plaintiff produced a Note of hand Bearing Interest from the fifteenth day of December (December 15) 1774, four pounds Ten Shillings with Credit on said Note for Two pounds Three Shillings and six pence. It is Considered by the Court that Plaintiff recover against the said James the Defendant for two pounds six Shillings and six pence with Interest from the said fifteenth day of December untill paid, with his Costs about this Suit in that behalf Expended.

Ordered — That Execution be Staid on this Judgment untill next October Court.

Ordered —That the following Gentlemen be recommended to his Excellency the Governor as proper persons to be added to the Commission of the piece, Vizt, Isaac Leet, Senior, Joseph Beeler, Sen. John Carmichael, James Rogers, Isaac Meason, James McLane, James Blackstone, Joseph Becket and Joseph Vance, Gentleman.



Ordered : —That the Majestrates appointed to make the Tour of the County and Tender the oath of allegience and Fidelity, Shall also Take in. the Numbers in Each Family within their Respective districts, In order to enable the justices to make an Equal distribution of the salt, and make return to October Court.



Zacheriah Connell against Abraham Vaughan. In Case. Ali. Cap.

Ordered—That Isaac Cox Gentleman be recommended to his Excellincy the Governor as a proper person to Serve as Leiutenant Colonel of the Militia of this County, In the Stead

of Thomas Brown Gentleman who hath refused to Serve.

Ordered — That Court be adjourned Till Court in Course &c.



August 27, 1777 Zacheriah Connell vs John Lindsey in slander case ordered to be continued. May 25, 1778 Zacheriah Connell vs John Lindsey continued. Yohogania, VA.[16]

• JOHN CAMPBELL.[17]





August 27, 1777

On the twenty-seventh, the vanguard under Sir William Howe proceeded to the head of Elk, and on the following day to Gray’s Hill, about two miles to the eastward.

At the head of the Elk was a quantity of public and private stores, including a considerable supply of salt, of which Washing­ton in his official letters says “Every attempt will be made to secure that.” The value of this article during the war will be remembered. One bushel was a sufficient bribe to induce the attempt to capture Squire Cheyney, for the price of which a suit was subsequently brought before the Squire himself.

The stores were mostly secured; the large amount of valuable property removed by the residents required almost all the teams within reach, so that several thousand bushels of corn and oats fell into the hands of the enemy.

Howe immediately issued a proclamation declaring that private property should be respected, and strict order and discipline maintained, and offering pardon and protection to all who would submit to the authority of Britain.

Three brigades, composing the rear guard, under Gen. Knyphausen remained at the landing to cover the debarkation of the stores and artillery, whilst one brigade under Gen. Grant, occupied a central position between Howe and Knyphausen. [18]



August 27, 1777

The Delaware militia had been early posted at the head of Elk, and entrusted with the removal of the stores. On the twenty seventh of August about nine hundred Pennsylvania militia marched in that direction.

The cavalry were placed under the command of Count Pulaski; the Marquis La Fayette now first entered, as a volunteer, the revolutionary service.[19]

Records of Moravian Congregation at Hebron, 1775-1781:



August 27, 1777. Towards evening three hundred and forty

Hessians arrived, and shortly afterwards Colonel Curtis

Grubb sent two soldiers to notify us, that they were to

occupy our clergy-house. We protested against it and sent

word back, that we would not permit any one to enter our

dwelling; that it was not a public building. [20]



FROM M. DE ROCHAMBEAU to Marquis De Lafayette



Newport, August 27th, 1780.



Permit an aged father, my dear marquis, to reply to you as he would do

to a son whom he tenderly loves and esteems. You know me well enough to

feel convinced that I do not require being excited, that when I, at my

age, form a resolution founded upon military and state reasons, and

supported by circumstances, no possible instigation can induce me to

change my mind without a positive order from my general. I am happy to

say that his despatches, on the contrary, inform me that my ideas

correspond substantially with his own, as to all those points which

would allow us to turn this into an offensive operation, and that we

only differ in relation to some small details, on which a slight

explanation, or his commands, would suffice to remove all difficulties

in an instant. As a Frenchman, you feel humiliated, my dear friend, at

seeing an English squadron blockading in this country, with a decided

superiority of frigates and ships, the Chevalier de Ternay's squadron;

but console yourself, my dear marquis, the port of Brest has been

blockaded for two months by an English fleet, and this is what prevents

the second division from setting out under the escort of M. de

Bougainville. If you had made the two last wars, you would have heard

nothing spoken of but these same blockades; I hope that M. de Guichen,

on one side, and M. de Gaston, on the other, will revenge us for these

momentary mortifications.



It is always right, my dear marquis, to believe that Frenchmen are

invincible; but I, after an experience of forty years, am going to

confide a great secret to you: there are no men more easily beaten when

they have lost confidence in their chiefs, and they lose it instantly

when their lives have been compromised, owing to any private or

personal ambition. If I have been so fortunate as to have retained

their confidence until the present moment, I may declare, upon the most

scrupulous examination of my own conscience, that I owe it entirely to

this fact, that, of about fifteen thousand men who have been killed or

wounded under my command, of various ranks, and in the most bloody

actions, I have not to reproach myself with having caused the death of

a single man for my own personal advantage.



You wrote to the Chevalier de Chastellux, my dear marquis, that the

interview I requested of our general has embarrassed him, because it

only becomes necessary after the arrival of the second division, when

there will be quite time enough to act. But you must surely have

forgotten that I have unceasingly requested that interview immediately,

and that it is absolutely necessary that he, the admiral, and I, should

concert together all our projects and details, that in case one of the

three chances should occur and enable us to act offensively, our

movements may be prompt and decisive. In one of these three cases, my

dear marquis, you will find in your old prudent father some remnants of

vigour and activity. Be ever convinced of my sincere affection, and

that if I pointed out to you very gently what displeased me in your

last despatch, I felt at the time convinced that the warmth of your

heart had somewhat impaired the coolness of your judgment. Retain that

latter quality in the council-room, and reserve all the former for the

hour of action. It is always the aged father, Rochambeau, who is

addressing his dear son Lafayette, whom he loves, and will ever love

and esteem until his latest breath.[21]



XII.— CooK TO IrVINE.

August 27, 1782.

Sir:—I thought to have been able to inform you something particular about the intended expedition. I am yet in the dark about it. I have had no return from the north side of Youghiogheny as yet; although I am of opinion that this county would furnish near five hundred men with provision and horses equivalent; that is, from what I have been able to learn, although I am obliged to build something on conjec­ture. Colonel Harrison is on his way to Colonel Marshel in order to investigate the state of matters there and will call upon you on his return.

P. S.— Sir: After I had sealed this letter I recollected this from Colonel [Charles] Campbell respecting spies he says he has hired, desiring me to acquaint you with them.1 September

2, 1782.[22]

August 27, 1789”: "Fredericksburg[Virginia], August 27, 1789.— On Tuesday, the 25th inst. died at her home in this town, Mrs. Mart "Washington, aged 82 years, the venerable mother of the illustrious President of the United States, after a long and painful indisposition, which she bore with uncommon patience. Though a pious tear of duty, affection and esteem, is due to the memory of so revered a character, yet our grief must be greatly alleviated from the consideration that she is relieved from the pitiable infirmities attendant on an extreme old age. — It is usual when virtuous and conspicuous persons quit this terrestrial abode, to publish an elaborate panegyric on

their characters — sufiice it to say, she conducted herself through this transitory life with virtue, prudence and chrietianity, worthy the mother of the greatest Hero that ever adorned the annals of history.

" O may kind heaven, propitious to our fate,

Extend THAT HEEO'S to her lengthened date ;

Through the long period, healthy, active, sage;

Nor know the sad infirmities of age. ' ' [23][24]



August 27, 1814: The President and Mrs. Dolly Madison return to Washington to witness the devastation. In just two hours the Capital which had taken ten years to make had been reduce to a shell. [25]

Sat. August 27, 1864

An examination by the medical director

Reported for duty was in harpers ferry got some peaches[26]

August 27, 1865: Ordered to Memphis, Tenn., June 5, and duty there till August 27. Moved to Indianaplois, Ind., August 27-31. Guard prisoners at Camp Morton (5 Cos.) and Military Prisons at Cincinnati, Ohio (5 Cos.), till May, 1865.

The idea was a bold one: a regiment of old men in Union blue, risen from their comfortable parlors and front-porch rockers to rally ‘round the flag. The sight of these ancient soldiers marching off to war could make young men blush with shame and send them running to the nearest recruiter,. That was the idea, but the reality of the 37th Iowa Infantry was another story altogether. [27]

August 27, 1883

Krakatau erupts in Indonesia. It will lower the earths temperature by .5 degrees celcius for five years. It was the loudest sound ever heard. The official death count is 36,417.

August 27, 1940

• The 1939 Marchandeau Law banning anti-Semitic articles in the French press is revoked.[28] The Vichy French government rescinded the law forbidding racial hatred. This made hating Jews legal.[29]





• August 27, 1941: The first group of 11,000 Jews from Kamenets are taken out of town to a pit and gunned down in bomb craters.[30]

• August 27-28, 1941: At Kamenets-Podolski, 23,600 Jews are massacred by German forces under Friedrich Jeckeln; at least 14,000 of them had recently been deported from Hungary.[31]

• August 27, 1942: Eight thousand Jews from Wieliczka, Poland, are killed at the Belzec death camp.[32]

• August 27-30, 1942: Three thousand Jews are sent from Ternopol to Belzec.[33]

• August 27, 1942: When a transport train carrying 6000 Jews from Miedzyrzec, Poland, arrives at the Treblinka extermination camp, guards discover that all 6000 have died of suffocation during the 75-mile journey.[34]

• August 27, 1942: Several thousand Jews from Chorkov, Poland, are assembled in the town square and forced to witness the murders of the community’s children.[35]

• August 27, 1943: All the Jews working at a cement factory at Dragabych, Ukraine, near the Janowska labor camp, are murdered. One of the victims is Dr. Mojzesz Bay, a 36 year old graduate of the Sorbonne.[36]



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[1] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[2] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm

[3] The Naked Archaeologist, What Happened to the JC Bunch, Part 1, 8/8/2008.

[4] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/

[5] http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/ViewStory.aspx?pid=-2117088505&tid=160989&oid=0e5d2912-554a-4ded-bfae-f8094a6690ed&pg=0,36



[6] The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell, 1774-1777 pgs. 105-107

[7] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/nathanael-greene-takes-command-of-long-island

[8] The Northern Light, November 1982, Volume 13, #5, George Washington’s Amphibious Commander by H. Sterling French. Page 14.

[9] The Battle of Long Island, by Alonzo Chappel, mid-nineteenth century, oil painting.

Yorktown Victory Center, Photo by Jeff Goodlove 2008

[10] The Brothers Crawford

[11] History of Fayette County, Pennsylvania, with Biographical Sketches of many of its Pioneers and Prominent Men, Edited by Franklin Ellis Vol. 1 Philadelphia; L. H. Everts & Co. 1882

[12] “Die Neusten Staatsbegebenheiten,” 1777, Frankfurt a. M., pp. 110116. The letter, of which the above is the largest part, would seem to have been written by an officer of chasseurs, probably either Major von Prueschenk or Lieutenant von Grothausen.

[13] Washington’s Crossing by David Hacket Fischer.

[14] Washingtons’s Crossing, David Hackett Fischer pg. 381

The source is Johnston, The Campaign of I776Around New York and Brooklyn (Brooklyn, 1878), 123—25.

[15] Encylopedia of British, Provincial, and German Army Units 1775-1783 by Philip R. N. Katcher



[16] http://doclindsay.com/spread_sheets/2_davids_spreadsheet.html

[17] MINUTE BOOK OF THE VIRGINIA COURT HELD FOR YOHOGANIA COUNTY, FIRST AT AUGUSTA TOWN (NOW WASHINGTON, PA.), AND AFTER­WARDS ON THE ANDREW HEATH FARM NEAR WEST ELIZABETH; 1776-1780. EDITED BY BOYD CRUMRINE, OF WASHINGTON, PA. pg. 97-98.

[18] The Battle of Brandywine, by Joseph Townsend

[19] The Battle of Brandywine, by Joseph Townsend

[20] Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography

[21] Title: Memoirs, Correspondence and Manuscripts of General Lafayette

Author: Lafayette

[22] Washington-Irvine Correspondence, Butterfield, 1882

[23] — Gazette of the United States, September 9.

[24] Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography

[25] First Invasion: The War of 1812, HISTI, 9/12/2004

[26] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary by Jeff Goodlove

[27] http://www.geocities.com/heartland/fields/6746/graybeard.html?20066



[28] French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial, by Serge Klarsfeld, page 9.

• [29] This Day in Jewish History.555555

• [30] This Day in Jewish History.

[31] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1767.

[32] This Day in Jewish History.

• [33] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1773

• [34] This Day in Jewish History.



• [35] This Day in Jewish History.



• [36] This Day in Jewish History.