• This Day in Goodlove History, August 3
• By Jeffery Lee Goodlove
• jefferygoodlove@aol.com
•
• Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
•
• The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany) etc., and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with -George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.
•
• The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
•
• This project is now a daily blog at:
• http://thisdayingoodlovehistory.blogspot.com/
• Goodlove Family History Project Website:
• http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/
•
• Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.
•
• My thanks to Mr. Levin for his outstanding research and website that I use to help us understand the history of our ancestry. Go to http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/ for more information. “For more information about the Weekly Torah Portion or the History of Jewish Civilization go to the Temple Judah Website http://www.templejudah.org/ and open the Adult Education Tab "This Day...In Jewish History " is part of the study program for the Jewish History Study Group in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
Birthdays on this date: Russel S. Willard, Roscoe S. Willard, Neals W. Pedersen, Forris D. McKinnon, Samuel Henenway, Estella M. Crawford, Ardith M. Coulter
Weddings on this date; Harriet Espy and Zebulon B. Vance, Susan Crawford and Clarence Sett, Mildred F. Gillen and Wesley E. Kruse
In the news!
Nathaniel Zelinsky
Yale University undergraduate
GET UPDATES FROM Nathaniel Zelinsky
Dueling Protests: Israel and Syria
Posted: 8/2/11 09:27 AM ET
In the midst of the U.S. debt crisis came an important, but under-reported, pair of developments in the Middle East, which saw two radically different popular protests in two neighboring but radically different countries.
In Syria, anti-regime demonstrators once again faced off against Assad's forces. There, the army's slaughter of the non-violent activists continues to push the body count north of fifty. Saturday in Israel, by contrast, 50,000 people marched unmolested in the streets of Tel Aviv bemoaning rising housing prices and costs of living. As of now, not a single person has been arrested, let alone killed, as a result of these demonstration. This most recent march caps a week of peaceful Israeli rallies, including a gay pride parade and religious counter-protest in the holy city of Jerusalem.
Trite and overstated as it may seem, these parallel events highlight an important truth: of all the states in the Middle East, only Israel affords its citizens the full rights of democracy, including free speech. While Arab dictators gun down their own in brutal suppression, Israelis protest fully confident in their safety and freedom.
Both the recent demonstrations in Tel Aviv and those of the ongoing Arab Spring share a common theme: In each case, rising costs of basic goods compelled frustrated, common young adults to the streets. However, the comparison ends there. Where Egypt and Tunisia's governments (just to take two examples) stood paralyzed, unable to stem the tide of rising popular discontent and its economic origins, Israeli's Prime Minister "Bibi" Netanyahu has proved remarkably swift in addressing the causes of the housing shortage and rising commodity prices in his country.
This past week, the Knesset, Israel's Parliament, passed legislation allowing for the building of thousands of new homes to increase supply and drive down prices. Netanyahu has meanwhile called for a ministerial roundtable to address the problem and craft creative solutions. While most observers agree that only true regulatory reform of the construction industry will fix the problem of high home prices, the Israeli government has shown itself to be responsive to the needs and concerns of its voters. Compare this to Assad's "response" to protesting Syrians: tanks and machine guns.
The Palestinian Authority plans to pursue a unilateral declaration of statehood at the United Nations this September. Along with the UN's Conference on Racism, which is a front for an anti-Israel lynch-mob, the PA's attempts at by-passing the peace process in the UN General Assembly will provide fodder for Arab nations deeming Israel the cause of all problems in the Middle East, if not all the troubles in the world. At that moment, we should remember this past week, when events once again revealed the real cause of the dysfunctional Middle East: Immoral, and inept Arab regimes who use Israel as an excuse to avoid talking about their broken societies.
Indeed, Israel is actually a model that Arab countries should be praising, not only as an example of a workable democracy, but also as a democracy that successfully incorporates religious elements into its civil society. When 4,000 Jerusalemites marched to show their "gay-pride" this past week, ultra-orthodox Haredi Jews peacefully counter-protested what they saw as bestial behavior. In Arab countries, a similar display by homosexuals and their supporters would have resulted in violence by Islamic fundamentalists.
Israeli society adheres to norms, currently lacking in the Arab world, whereby orthodox religious minorities cannot capture the democratic process and strip another population of their basic rights of expression. Middle Eastern states such as Egypt -- where the radical Muslim Brotherhood may capture a plurality of the voters in an election -- would do well to look to Israel and its strong democratic institutions in crafting their new societies.
Unfortunately, as long as they continue to demonize the Jewish state, this is unlikely to happen.[1]
In a message dated 8/2/2011 10:11:59 A.M. Central Daylight Time, JPT@donationnet.net writes:
America is on a prophetic countdown to the
gravest days in our history
Dear Jeff,
America is on a prophetic countdown to the gravest days in our history. In a few weeks, a vote will be taken at the United Nations that will force America to choose between standing with Israel and standing with her enemies. The Bible says we do NOT wrestle against flesh and blood but against principalities and powers. This is a spiritual battle, and it must be fought with spiritual weapons.
Israel has asked the Jerusalem Prayer Team for its support at the United Nations and a week later as the nations of the world gather for the demonic Durban III conference to continue accusing Zionists of being racists. The first Durban Conference happened in 2001. At that conference, the Palestinians distributed copies of the anti-Semitic The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion to all delegates. It was the most evil anti-Semitic UN assembly ever against Israel.
The conference ended on September 8, 2001...and 72 hours later the US was attacked by Radical Islam. I can assure you that in the spirit realm, this was no coincidence. God's Word promises a curse on any nation that touches Jerusalem. Once before, an American President attempted to divide Jerusalem and surrender the Temple Mount to radical Islam. That president was Bill Clinton. Now President Obama plans to do the same—this time by formally recognizing a Palestinian State at the UN in September within days of the tenth anniversary of the 9/11 attacks.
For this reason, the Jerusalem Prayer Team will stand in the gap with a major campaign to stop this insanity. Israel will boycott this anti-Semitic conference in New York. When Durban II was held in Geneva I was there, sitting in an empty chair at the Israel desk, and defending that tiny nation as your ambassador. I have also supported Israel at UN conferences for decades. I also stood up to Iran's evil president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad last September face-to-face and will do it again this year.
Your ambassador to Jerusalem,
Dr. Michael Evans
This Day…
August 3, 8 A.D.: Roman Empire general Tiberius defeats Dalmatians on the river Bathinus. As the stepson of Augustus, Tiberius would become Caeser four years after this victory. Tiberius did appoint Pontius Pilate as the procurator of Judea. On the other hand, he did have the good sense to over rule Pilate when the Jews of Jerusalem complained that he had desecrated the city by bringing inscribed shields into the Jewish capital. Tiberius’ inconsistent treatment of the Jews was consistent with the moody behavior of the Roman ruler who would have much preferred to serve as a general.[2]
August 3, 435 A.D.: Byzantine Emperor Theodosius II exiled the deposed Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, to a monastery in Egypt. Nestorianism was a form of Christianity that challenged the orthodoxy of its time and presented a political threat to the Roman Empire. [3]
August 3, 1399: Blood libel in Posen. [1][4] Thanks to the efforts of an apostate named Pesach-Peter a large number of Jews in Prague are arrested and imprisoned.[2][5]
August 3, 1614
On August 3rd, l614, Lauchlan appeared again before the council, comes under several additional obligations, and ratifies the proceedings at Icolmkill in 1609.[6]
1615 Jews expelled from Worms.[7]
August 3, 1762
THIS INDENTURE, August 3, 1762, between Lawrence Harrison and Katherine, his wife, in the County of Frederick, Colony of Virginia, of the first part, and Moses Tullis, of the same, of the second part.
This for and in consideration of the sum of two hundred pounds current money of Virginia, paid in hand to Lawrence Harrison and his wife, by Moses TuIlis.
(Signed) Lawrence Harrison. Catherine Harrison[7][8]
August 3, 1773:Liquor, as now, had a tendency to make pioneer attorneys talkative, and the court early decided that it brought disrespect and contempt for the tribunal to mix liquor and curbstone law, expecially if the utterances might have been made across the Forbes Road at Hannastown and within the sound of the court. At an adjourned session held August 3, 1773, with Justices William Lochry, Robert Hanna, and Arthur St. Clair on the bench, six new actions at law were added on the docket, and one Francis McDade was admitted to practice law in this court. That he did not well behave himself in the office of attorney, is shown by the following record at the January term, 1774, Justice William Crawford again presiding;
“It appearing to the Court that Francis McDade, one of te Attorneys of this Court, the duty of his office not regarding, hath of late at divers times and places, within the jurisdiction of this court, been publicly and notoriously guilty of the shameful vice of drunkenness, at which time and places he did publish several malicious passages highly reflecting on several magistrates of this court and other mischiefs then and there unbecoming the character, duty and office of an Attorney of this Court; It is ordered and considered by the Court that the said Francis McDade, for such, his shameful behavior, be suspended, and he is hereby suspended and precluded from further using the office, duty and business of this Court.”[9]
Thursday, August 3rd, 1775
This morning went with Mr. V. Crawford and Mr. James Berwick a Manchester man to Major Crawford’s, where we stayed all night. Bad news from Boston. The English drove to their ships and great numbers of them killed. I hope it is a lie.[10]
August 3, 1776:
August 27, 1776: estimated totals 28,500 officers and men; effectives 19,000
This is an historian’s careful estimate by Henry P. Johnston, adjusting strength returns from August 3 and September 12, 1776. Johnston identifies 71 regiments or parts of regiments, of which 25 were Continental. His estimate is very close to Washington’s report on September 2 that “our number of men at present fit for duty is under 20,000.”[11]
August 3, 1777 - This day we, and all who are on our ship, hold in memory because as the result of a thunder storm our lives were placed in an incomparably frightful fear of death. Toward six o’clock we saw thunder and lightning in the distance. At this time the admiral gave a signal to change course toward the southeast. Our ship had hardly turned when the storm hit with indescribably frightfiul thunder and lightning and so suddenly that the crew, because of the terrible storm hurricane winds which it carried, nearly were robbed of their sense lower the sails, which resulted in the ship being rolled far over on left side and nearly covered by waves so that we were sure that we would be drowned in the inevitable sinking of the ship. The wind, coming from the right side, tore all the upper sails to shreds and then, when the wind slackened after a while, the ship rolled slowly from the left side to the right side and our fear of entering eternity, at this time, generally began to abate. Everyone involved turned his first thought to giving thanks to Heaven for having saved him from this danger…[12]
Court Geismar, August 3, 1777
As soon as the three captured regiments are exchanged, the
Lieutenant General is requested, as he has been already ordered
to establish a court martial in which a Major General shall pre-
side and all these questions must be answered :
1. — At what time in the day were the regiments attacked and
captured ?
2. — How strong was the force of the enemy ?
3. — What plans had Colonel Rail made in case his regiments
were attacked ?
4. — Were the quarters of the regiments separated or near to-
gether ? What precautions were taken and were there any patrols,
sent out to obtain information as to the near approach of the
enemy ?
5. — How did the regiments defend themselves and how long did this defense continue ? How heavy was the loss of wounded
and dead on our side and how great on the side of the enemy ?
6. — Why did not Lieutenant Colonel Scheffer take command
after Colonel Rail had been disabled, as it was his duty as senior
officer, and why did he not retreat over the little bridge across
the stream in their rear, after finding the enemy so strong?
7. — From whom did Colonel Rail receive his orders ? Did he
not receive proper instructions ? Did Colonel Rail visit his posts
often ? Did Lieutenant Colonel Scheffer give no orders when
Colonel Rail found himself unable to save his men ?
8. — Why did not Colonel von Donop march to their assistance
and was there no communication existing between Bordentown
and Trenton ?
The greatest responsibility after the death of Colonel Rail rests
on Lieutenant Colonel Scheffer and after him on the two officers
who commanded the von Knyphausen and the von Woellworth ^
regiments and these officers are to be held to account for their
conduct. [13]
1807 - August 3 - Benjamin Harrison, Sr. and Benedict Reiley? witnessed a release from John May to Henry Reiley, both of Ste. Genevieve District. The land transferred was on the Mississippi River immediately above the grand tower in said District.[14]
“Pittsburgh, August 3, 1782.
“(Certificate of the Clergyman.)
‘I do hereby certify that John Slover has been for many years a regular member of the church under my care, and he is worthy of the highest credit. William Reno “(An Episcopalian.)”
August 3rd, 1784 The Board met according to adjournment; Present the same Members as yestarday, & also Abraham Chapline Gente
On motion, the Board came to the following Resolution; That all Officers & Soldiers who marched and continued in service till the Reduction of the British Posts on the North West side of yc Ohio, that all who engaged, & enlisted in the Illinois Regiment afterwards & served during the War, or three Years, are intitled to a share of the Grant under the Resolution & Act of Assembly. But
that those soldiers who have enlisted in the said Regmt since the 2d day of January (January 2) 1781. either for three Years or during the War are not entitled, as there seems to be no provision made under the Resolution for those who should thereafter be incorporated in the said Regiment. That the Officers of the Regmt are intitled to a Share of the Land in proportion to the Commissions they respectively held on the s~’ 2d day of January 1781, & not in proportion to the Commissions they have since held in consequence of Promotions; and that therefore, Officers Commissioned since that Period are not intitled at all; And that those Soldiers who inlisted to serve 12 Months after their arrival at Kaskaskias[15] agreeable to an Act of Assembly of the fall Session 1778 for the protection & defence of the Illinois Country who did not reinhist in the Regiment are not included in said Resolution. That those Officers who were Commissioned under s~’ act & Resigned before the expiration of the 12 Months are not intitled, but that those who continued during the year, & then retired not having a Command, are intitled. [16]
August 3, 1795
The Indians cede two thirds of Ohio and part of Indiana to the United States in the Treaty of Greenville.[17]
August 3, 1882: Congress passes the first law to restrict immigration into the United States.[18]
• August 3, 1914: During WWI, Germany declares war against France, while Turkey declares itself neutral. During the war, Jews from around the world came to help the French, including 600 Turkish Jews (as well as Jews from other Ottoman territories) signed up with the French Foreign Legion to help in the battle against the Germans.[19]
August 3, 1918: The flu showed no mercy for combatants on either side of the trenches. Over the summer, the first wave of the epidemic hit German forces on the Western Front, where they were waging a final, no-holds-barred offensive that would determine the outcome of the war. It had a significant effect on the already weakening morale of the troops--as German army commander Crown Prince Rupprecht wrote on August 3: poor provisions, heavy losses, and the deepening influenza have deeply depressed the spirits of men in the III Infantry Division. Meanwhile, the flu was spreading fast beyond the borders of Western Europe, due to its exceptionally high rate of virulence and the massive transport of men on land and aboard ship due to the war effort. By the end of the summer, numerous cases had been reported in Russia, North Africa and India; China, Japan, the Philippines and even New Zealand would eventually fall victim as well.[20] The flu would eventually kill 675,000 Americans and more than 20 million people (some believe the total may be closer to 40 million) around the world, proving to be a far deadlier force than even the First World War. [21]
• August 3, 1918
• Birthdate of Sidney Gottlieb who was an early and important official with the CIA.[22]
•
• August 3, 1923: Vice President Calvin Coolidge is sworn in as the 30th President of the United States following the death of President Warren Harding. Coolidge was not anti-Semite but some of his actions had a negative impact on Jews. In 1924, he signed the Johnson Act. This immigration law effectively ended the wave of immigration that had started in 1880. It contained a National Origins Quota System that favored Western Europeans while barring those from Southern and Eastern Europe. This quota system would be in place during the Holocaust and would be used to deny Jews entry into the United States. Silent Cal did speak favorably about the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. Finally, as Vice President he wrote a letter to a prominent Jewish leader which read in part, “Teach the ancient landmakers to the youth of the Jewish race…That learning and wisdome which has been a sustaining includence to the Jewish race through all the centuries must be preserved for the benefit of manking. The youth of your people can associate themselves for no morepatriotic purpose.”[23]
•
•
• August 3, 1926: Birthdate of football coach and Coe College graduate Marv Levy.[24]
•
•
• August 3, 1934: Adolf Hitler becomes the supreme leader of Germany by joining the offices of President and Chancellor into Fuhrer.[25]
•
•
• August 3, 1940: The government at Vichy France passed anti-Jewish racial laws.[26]
•
•
• August 3, 1940: Northern Transylvania is annexed by Hungary.[27]
• August 3, 1941: One thousand, two hundred Jews arrested in Czenowitz. Almost seven hundred of them were executed.
• One thousand, five hundred fifty Jews were removed from the town of Mitau.
• In Stanislawow, hundreds of doctors were shot. [28]
• July 27, 31; August 3, 1942: On three separate days, more than 10,500 Przemysl Jews are deported to Belzec. The first day of the Aktion, Wehrmacht lieutenant Dr. Alfred Battel rescues Jews in the imploy of the Wehrmacht.[29]
•
• August 3, 1942
• Jean Leguay writes a hypocritical note to the prefect of the Orleans region. It seems evident that, informed by German security police of the coming children’s deportations, the Prefecture has asked for instructions because it faces the duty of separating more than 2,000 mothers from children who soon will be deported as well. Why not, the Prefecture asks, deport mothers and children together?
•
• Leguay’s directive is clear and imperative; “The children should not leave in the same [deportation] convoys as their parents; they will be kept in camp, either at Pithiviers or Beaune’la-Roland.”
•
• To ease the conscience of the Orleans prefect, Leguay adds: “While awaiting their departure to rejoin their parents, they will be cared for.” The image of their families apparently will make it easier for the Prefecture to order gendarmes to beat the mothers to separate them from their children. And those involved can find the moral strength to carry out their orders knowing the mothers will soon find their children again, somewhere at the other end of Europe.
•
• In fact, Leguay add, the children will be leaving soon: “the children’s trains will begin departures in the second half of August.” Thus, he knows perfectly well that on Aust 3, 5, and 7, 2000 mothers will be separated from their children and deported, and thaqqt the children themselves will be deported starteing two weeks later. What meaning does he give these deportations if, for an interval of two weeks between the last mothers; train and the first children;s train, he inflictrs extraordinary suffering on the mothers and children by deporting them separately? Leguay pretends he is not aware of the cruelty to be experienced by these children, more than 800 of them under six years of age, crossing Europe in sealed boxcars in midsummer, without their mothers, to be delivered to the mercies of the SS.
•
• Berlin has agreed inprinciple to the children’s deportation in the second half of August without fixing a specific date for the first convoy. Leguay, by this time the principal negotiator and organizer of the operation on the French side, is now in a strong position to maike the Germans accept the simultaneous deportation of the mothers and their children, sparing them the horror of separation. It would have been enough to announce a delay to Rothke, or to threaten a delay, in delivery of the first 3,000 to 4,000 Jews frfom the Unoccupied Zone. Berlin would have quickly agreed to permit the deportation of parents and children at the same time. Leguay would have been certain of support from Gousquet and LaVAL; AFTER ALL, THE Premier had revealed his “humanitarian” wish that the children not be separated from their parents. There would have been coherence in the French position; the decision that families would be brokien up by the separate deportations contradicrted the calming effect sought by Laval.
•
• But why try to obtaihn more humane conditions from the Germans? Leguay closes his eyes to the real significance of the deportations, which he contributes to making even more atrocious. His principal preoccupation, in his sunny office on the Rue de Monceau, is to fill the deportation trains scheduled by the Gestapo. Leguay never visited the Loireet camps or Drancy, where children were interned in physical and emotionhjal misery; he never dared ask news of them from the Gestapo, nor whether the two year olds deported not knowinhg their names ever found their mothers, somewhere in Eastern Europe in the mythical and absurd “Jewish reserve” called Auschwitz, in the center of the Polish territory annexed by Germany.[30]
August 3, 1944: At Strassenhof Camp, 2,400 Jews were marched away to never return. They were all under the age of eighteen and gassed in a makeshift crematorium. Three days later the Red Army liberated the 600 surviving camp members. [31]
On August 3, 1949: a Master Mason and Knight Templar 80 years old and in failing health, came to Washington from Yeadon. Pennsylvinia, to witness United States President and Brother Harry S Truman sign The Flag Day Act into law. Brother William T. Kerr had, with other Masons, for more than a half century, appealed to every United States President from McKinley to Truman. He lead rallies and continually promoted the idea of a special day to honor "Old Glory." Kerr died in 1953 but left his brethren this legacy, now the law of the land:
"Resolved by the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled. That the 14th of June of each year is hereby designated as "Flag Day, "and the President of the United States is authorized and requested to issue annual a proclamation causing upon officials of the government buildings on such a day, and urging the people to observe the day as the anniversary' of the adoption, on June Fourteenth, 1777, by the Continental Congress of the Stars and Stripes as the officiating of the United States of America" Harry S. Truman[32]
August 3, 1949: The Founding of the National Basketball Association. Jewish players and coaches had played a major role in professional basketball prior to World War II. Eddie Gottlieb continued his life time of involvement in professional basketball as the owner of the Philadelphia Warriors.[33]
August 3, 1977: The United States Senate held hearing on MKULTRA. MKULTRA was a study of mind control methods begun at the CIA under Allen Dulles. The director of the project was Sydney Gottleib.[34]
August 3, 2010
2011 Goodlove Reuniontalk…
• Joe, Do you have the name of the person in Central City? Jeff
• For the park? The contact office isn’t at the park; it is near Marion. I’ll have to do some digging. I do know that they won’t take any reservations for 2011 until after January 1. And I’m almost sure that none of their facilities have air conditioning since we would have gotten one last time. I’ll check Squaw Creek in Marion.
• Joe
• Joe, Ok, sounds good. My dad suggested one of those portable commercial airconditioners (rental) that we could bring along for central city. We were outside last weekend at the LeClere reunion under a pavilion in a park w/out electricity and they pulled it off. Jeff
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] http://www.huffingtonpost.com/nathaniel-zelinsky/dueling-protests-israel-a_b_915662.html
[2] This Day in Jewish History
[3] This Day in Jewish History
[4] [1]www.wikipedia.org
[5] [2] This Day in Jewish History
[6] M E M O I R S OF C LAN F I N G O N BY REV. DONALD D. MACKINNON, M.A. Circa 1888
[7] http://christianparty.net/jewsexpelled.htm
[8] [7] Torrence and Allied Families, Robert M. Torrence pg 323
[9] Annals of Southwestern Pennsylvania by Lewis Clark Walkinshaw, A.M. Volume II pgs. 22-23.
[10] The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell, 1774-1777 pg. 99
[11] Washingtons’s Crossing, David Hackett Fischer pg. 381
The source is Johnston, The Campaign of I776Around New York and Brooklyn (Brooklyn, 1878), 123—25.
[12] Rueffer: Enemy Views, by Bruce Burgoyne pgs. 167-167
[13] THE BATTLES OF TRENTON AND PRINCETON BY WILLIAM S. STRYKER
[14] http://frontierfolk.net/ramsha_research/Notes/harrison.html
[15] Kaskaskia was the original gateway to the west. It was a thriving French capital and the first capital of Illinois. If you look for Kaskakia on the map now, you cant find it. Today it is an island on the Mississippi river with 9 residents. They have a Missouri zip code and Illinois drivers licenses. The first governor of Illinois home still stands today. In a church that goes back to 1675 holds its biggest treasure, a liberty bell older than the one in Philadelphia. It is from King Louis XV. (How the States Got Their Shapes, HIST, 4/6/2010.)
[16] George Rogers Clark Papers 1781-1784 James Alton James, Ed.
[17] On This Day in America, by John Wagman.
[18]On this day in America by John Wagman.
[19] This Day in Jewish History.
[20] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-cases-reported-in-deadly-influenza-epidemic
[21] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-cases-reported-in-deadly-influenza-epidemic
• [22] This Day in Jewish History.
• [23] This day in Jewish History.
• [24] This Day in Jewish History.
• [25] This Day in Jewish History.
• [26] This Day in Jewish History.
[27] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1763.
[28] This Day in German History.
• [29] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1772.
[30] French Children of the Holocaust, A Memorial by Serge Klarsfeld, page 44-45.
• [31] This Day in Jewish History.
[32] Foundation for Tomorrow
[33] This Day in Jewish History.
[34] This Day in Jewish History.
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