This Day in Goodlove History, July 17

“Lest We Forget”
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This Day in Goodlove History, July 17
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Jeff Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, Thomas Jefferson, and ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson and George Washington.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspxy
July 17: 1203: The Knights of the Fourth Crusade capture Constantinople forcing the Byzantine emperor Alexius III Angelus to flee from his capital into exile. Unlike other Crusades, the focus of the Fourth Crusade was the Byzantine Empire and its capital Constantinople rather than Jerusalem. The Fourth Crusade was really a clash between two different groups of Christians and a fight over commercial interests. Unlike the other crusades, the Fourth did not produce any great overt anti-Semitic activities. But it did keep the crusading spirit alive and subsequent crusades did result in more harm to various Jewish communities. The most significant leson of the Fourth Crusade was that it was a classic example of religion being manipulated for reasons that had nothing to do with God or His teachings; something that haunts the Jews of the world down to modern times.

July 17, 1287: A mob in Overwesel, Germany kills 40 Jewish men, women and children after a ritual murder accusation. [1] The rioting spread down the Rhineland. [2]

1288: Osman I founds Ottoman Empire, Pope Nicholas IV elected, (Girolamo Masci Ascoli).
July 17, 1392: 1392: King Pedro I (1357–67) of Portugal ordered the compliance of the bull of Pope Boniface IX protecting Jews from forced baptism. He also extended it to Spanish Jewish Refugees.
1393: Bajazet subdues Bulgaria, King Wenceslas has St. John of Nepomuk murdered in Prague, Gothic Town Hall of Thorne built.
July 17, 1414: A new edict was issued by the regent in the name of her infant son Don Ferdinand that offered some slight improvement to the conditions of the Jews of Castile.
July 17, 1529: More about Richard Smyth:
The following is an inquisition of the Will of Robert Smythe:

Location: Fryday and Watlyng Streets, London, Parish of St. John the Evangelist:
On March 22, 1524 London (Inquisition Post Mortem). Died on March 27, 1527, London (Ibid). IPM on July 17, 1529 Guildhall 21 Henry VIII. "Inquisition taken at the Guildhall, July 17, 21 Henry VIII (1529) before John Reston, Mayor, John Hales and John Scott, Baron to the exchequer, and John Baker, recorder of the City of London, by the oath of William Cummings, Thomas Knight, Richard spar, George Hughes, Paul Alexander, William Oxley, Henry stickle, Robert Harrison, John Baxter, Robert here, Stephen Township, we in December, Thomas Osmond, Roger Hennings, Antony Elderton, John Grande and Richard rate, who say that: "Richard Smith, late of London, merchant tailor, William Fytzwyllyan, Knight, John Bylsdon, Richard Conhille, Wm. Skrynen, John Hall and John Fulwode, were seised of eight messuages, 2 tofts, and one garden lying in Fryday Street and Watlyng Street in the parish of John the Evangelist, in the ward of Bredstrete, to the use of said Richard Smith and his heirs "So seised, they enfeoffed William Wylford, senior, John Goone, Tho Cole, Tho Lee, Robt. Patchett, Paul Wythixoll, John Wylford, Jas Mychell and Robt Fell, of the premises: to hold to them and their heirs to the use of Richard Smith and his heirs, and for the fulfilment of his will. "So seised the said Richard Smith at divers times after declared to the said Wm Wylforde and his co-feoffees that it was his will that the Master and Wardens of the company of the Merchant Tailors of London and their successors should after his death have the said premises to the intent that they should find forever one priest to celebrate in the said parish church of St. John the Evangelist for the souls of the said Richard, expending upon the same 52 shillings, 5 pence. Also 13 shillings 4 pence year forever to find 2 wax candles to be burned on Sundays and festivals and one light called a Trenell before the crucifix in the said Church forever. Also 4 shillings yearly to be expended forever for the Paschal light in the said church, and 3 shillings 4 pence to be paid to the Chamberlain of the said city if present at the said anniversary. "On the 22nd March (March 22)1524, the said Richard Smythe made his will, whereby he declared that John Smythe, his son and heir, should have all the said premises, and revoked all other wills by him made.”After the death of the said Richard Smythe, the said Wm. Wilforde and his co-feoffees were seised of the said premises to the use of the said John Smythe. "So seised the said Thomas Lee and Robert Fell died, and William Wilforde, John Gone, Thomas Cole, Robert Pachett, Paul Wythixoll and John Wylford survived them.”The said John Smyth being so seised enfeoffed thereof Thomas Crumwell, John Bylsdon, Richard Ryche, Guy Crafforde, William Gynkes, Richard Holte, John Bodnam, and John Stukley: to hole to them and their heirs to the use of the said John Smyth and Joan, his wife, and heirs of the said John Smythe forever. "One of the said eight messages, in which Thomas Nixon now lives, is held of the Master of the Rolls of the Court of Chancery by fealty, and the yearly rent of 53 shillings 4 pence. The residue of the said premises are held of the Abbott of the Monastery of St. Peter's Westminster, in right of the said monastery, by fealty, and the yearly rent of 12 shillings, 6 pence. "All the said premises are worth per annum, clear 29 pounds. Richard Smyth died at London, 27 March, (March 27)18 Henry VIII (1527); John Smyth is his son and heir and was then aged 31 years and more." Inquisition, p.m. 21 Henry VII, No. 21 (London).

It seems that two years after Richard's death, his will and estate were still not settled. It took and inquisition to settle the matter and carry out the terms. In the 1400s and 1500s, the Law was carried out in two ways: the criminal issues were handled and settled by the Sheriff and the civil matters were handled by the Inquisition, which sound bad but was merely a judge who acted on behalf of the Crown. The inquisitioners of the 1100s and 1200s were given autonomy of the same judge and jury, but as religion was high theme amongst the people, the greed of the church controlled the judges and used them or misused them to try heretics (anyone who opposed the church); but just 200 yrs later their control had been diminished. And through this inquisition, we find that Richard was a Merchant Taylor (and apparently a good one from the amounts of money being dispersed. These sums at this day an age would amount to thousands of dollars). We also find out that his only son was named John Smyth who at the age of his father's death was 31, which means he was born about 1495/1496. Knowing that Literacy was rarely amongst the poor in this time, to have a will of such would indicate that Richard was of some standing in the community and with the Crown. The Crown belonged to the Tudor Family, of which at this time was Henry VIII.
July 17, 1549: All Jews and Marranos were expelled from Ghent, Belgium.

July 17, 1585 - English secret service discovers Anthony Babingtons murder plot against queen Elizabeth I
July 17, 1586: Despite his assent in his participation in the plot, Babington's conscience was troubled at the prospect of assassinating the English queen. On June 28, encouraged by a letter received from Thomas Morgan, Mary wrote a letter to Babington that assured him of his status as a trusted friend. In reply on July, Babington wrote to Mary about all the details of the plot. He informed Mary about the foreign plans for invasion as well as the planned insurrection by English Catholics:
"First, assuring of invasion: Sufficient strength in the invader: Ports to arrive at appointed, with a strong party at every place to join with them and warrant their landing. The deliverance of your Majesty. The dispatch of the usurping Competitor. For the effectuating of all which it may please your Excellency to rely upon my service.... Now forasmuch as delay is extreme dangerous, it may please your most excellent Majesty by your wisdom to direct us, and by your princely authority to enable such as may advance the affair; foreseeing that, where is not any of the nobility at liberty assured to your Majesty in this desperate service (except unknown to us) and seeing it is very necessary that some there be to become heads to lead the multitude, ever disposed by nature in this land to follow nobility, considering withal it doth not only make the commons and gentry to follow without contradiction or contention (which is ever found in equality) but also doth add great courage to the leaders. For which necessary regard I recommend some unto your Majesty as fittest in my knowledge for to be your Lieutenants in the West parts, in the North parts, South Wales, North Wales and the Counties of Lancaster, Derby and Stafford: all which countries, by parties already made and fidelities taken in your Majesty's name, I hold as most assured and of most undoubted fidelity.[14]
He also mentioned plans on rescuing Mary from Chartley as well as dispatching Savage to assassinate Elizabeth:
"Myself with ten gentlemen and a hundred of our followers will undertake the delivery of your royal person from the hands of your enemies. For the dispatch of the usurper, from the obedience of whom we are by the excommunication of her made free, there be six noble gentlemen, all my private friends, who for the zeal they bear to the Catholic cause and your Majesty's service will undertake that tragical execution.[15]
While it was not necessary for Babington to detail this to Mary, he did so probably because he was seeking rewards for the people involved in the plot, as well as serving his own vanity.[16]
The letter was received by Mary on July 14 — after being intercepted and deciphered — and on July 17 she replied to Babington in a long letter in which she commended and praised all the aspects of the plot. She also stressed the necessity of foreign aid if the rescue attempt was to succeed:
"For divers great and important considerations (which were here too long to be deduced) I cannot but greatly praise and commend your common desire to prevent in time the designments of our enemies for the extirpation of our religion out of this realm with the ruin of us all. For I have long ago shown unto the foreign Catholic princes—and experience doth approve it—the longer that they and we delay to put hand on the matter on this side, the greater leisure have our said enemies to prevail and win advantage over the said princes (as they have done against the King of Spain) and in the meantime the Catholics here, remaining exposed to all sorts of persecution and cruelty, do daily diminish in number, forces, means and power. So as, if remedy be not thereunto hastily provided, I fear not a little but they shall become altogether unable for ever to rise again and to receive any aid at all, whensoever it were offered them. For mine own part, I pray you to assure our principal friends that, albeit I had not in this cause any particular interest (that which I may pretend unto being of no consideration unto me in respect of the public good of this state) I shall be always ready and most willing to employ therein my life and all that I have or may ever look for in this world.[17]
The letter was again intercepted and deciphered by Phelippes. But this time, Phelippes, who was also an excellent forger, kept the original and made a forged copy of the letter with a postscript and possibly other alterations or additions that would incriminate Babington and Mary. In the new postscript an offer was made by Mary to take an active part in the assassination:
"I would be glad to know the names and quelityes of the sixe gentlemen which are to accomplish the dessignement, for that it may be, I shall be able uppon knowledge of the parties to give you some further advise necessarye to be followed therein; and even so do I wish to be made acquainted with the names of all such principal persons [&c.] as also from time to time particularlye how you proceede and as son as you may for the same purpose who bee alredye and how farr every one privye hereunto.[18][19]
Phelippes then made another copy of the letter and sent it to Walsingham with a small picture of the gallows as a seal. Walsingham had his proof.
Arrests, trials and executions
John Ballard was arrested on August 4, 1586, and presumably under torture he confessed and implicated Babington. Although Babington was able to receive the forged letter with the postscript, he was not able to reply with the names of the conspirators, as he was arrested while seeking a license to travel in order to see King Philip II of Spain, with the purpose of organizing a foreign expedition as well as ensuring his own safety.[20] The identities of the six conspirators were nevertheless discovered, and they were taken prisoner by August 15, 1586.
Mary's two secretaries, Claude Nau de la Boisseliere (d. 1605) and Gilbert Curle (d. 1609), were likewise taken into custody and interrogated.
The conspirators were sentenced to death for treason and conspiracy against the crown, and were sentenced to be hanged, drawn, and quartered. This first group included Babington, Ballard, Chidiock Tichborne, Sir Thomas Salisbury, Robert Barnewell, John Savage and Henry Donn. A further group of seven men, Edward Habington, Charles Tilney, Edward Jones, John Charnock, John Travers, Jerome Bellamy, and Robert Gage, were tried and convicted shortly afterward. Ballard and Babington were executed on September 20 along with the other men who had been tried with them. Such was the horror of their execution that Queen Elizabeth ordered the second group to be allowed to hang until dead before being disemboweled.
Queen Mary herself went to trial at Fotheringhay Castle in Northamptonshire and denied her part in the plot, but her correspondence was the evidence; therefore, Mary was sentenced to death. Elizabeth signed her cousin's death warrant,[21] and on February 8 1587, in front of 300 witnesses, Mary, Queen of Scots, was executed by beheading.
July 17, 1617
On July 17th, 1617, Sir Lauchlan MacKinnon of Strathordell and the rest appeared before the council in July (he with MacLeod, Gorme, and Vic Ian having been knighted A.D. 1613), when the practice of taking “calps " (sort of tithe) of vassalage, was abolished. At this appearance, Sir Lauchlan exhibited his uncle, John MacKinnon. (ancestor of Kyle), and in the following year, on July 23rd, he again appeared before the council with his uncle John.
1618: Berkeley Hundred
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This article is about the early settlement in Virginia. For the hundred of Berkeley in Gloucestershire, England, see Hundred of Berkeley.
Berkeley Hundred in the Virginia Colony comprised about eight thousand acres (32 km²) on the north bank of the James River near Herring Creek in an area then known as Charles Cittie (sic). It was named for one of the original founders, Richard Berkeley,[citation needed] a member of the Berkeley family of Gloucestershire, England. In 1619, Berkeley Hundred was the site of America's first Thanksgiving Day. It later became known as Berkeley Plantation, and was long the traditional home of the Harrison family, one of the First Families of Virginia.
[edit] History
Berkeley Hundred was a land grant in 1618 of the Virginia Company of London to Sir William Throckmorton, Sir George Yeardley, George Thorpe, Richard Berkeley, and John Smyth (1567–1641) of Nibley. Smyth was also the historian of the Berkeley group, collecting over 60 documents relating to the settlement of Virginia between 1613 and 1634 which have survived to modern times.
In 1619, the ship Margaret of Bristol, England sailed for Virginia under Captain John Woodliffe and brought thirty-eight settlers to the new Town and Hundred of Berkeley. The proprietors instructed the settlers of "the day of our ships arrival . . . shall be yearly and perpetually kept as a day of Thanksgiving." The Margaret landed her passengers at Berkeley Hundred on December 4, 1619. The settlers did indeed celebrate a day of "Thanksgiving", establishing the tradition a year and 17 days before the Pilgrims arrived aboard the Mayflower at Plymouth, Massachusetts to establish their Thanksgiving Day in 1620.[1]
On March 22, 1622, Opchanacanough, head of the Powhatan Confederacy, began the Second Anglo-Powhatan War with a coordinated series of attacks against English settlements along the James River, known in English histories as the Indian massacre of 1622. Nine colonists were killed at Berkeley. The assault took a heavier toll elsewhere, killing about a third of all the colonists, and virtually wiping out Wolstenholme Towne on Martin's Hundred and Sir Thomas Dale's progressive development and new college at Henricus. Jamestown was spared through a timely warning and became the refuge for many survivors who abandoned outlying settlements. A myth about the March 22 date was that it occurred on Good Friday. This is incorrect.[2]
For several years, thereafter, the plantation at Berkeley Hundred lay abandoned, until William Tucker and others got possession of it in 1636, and it became the property of John Bland, a merchant of London. By this time, the area had become part of Charles City Shire in 1634, later renamed Charles City County.
Giles Bland, son of John Bland, inherited it, but he was hanged by Governor Sir William Berkeley in 1676, after participating in Bacon's Rebellion. Confiscated by Governor Berkeley, the land was purchased in 1691 by Benjamin Harrison (1673–1710), attorney general of the colony, treasurer and speaker of the House of Burgesses. He died at age thirty-seven in 1710, leaving the property to his only son, also named Benjamin.
The Berkeley Hundred was the next plantation down river from the Shirley Plantation.[3]
[edit] References
1. ^ WPA Guide to the Old Dominion, Tour 24
2. ^ http://hnn.us/articles/38375.html
3. ^ Roberts, Bruce (1990). In Kedash, Elizabeth. Plantation Homes of the James River
1619 Jews expelled from Kiev.
1619: Shah Abbasi of the Persian Sufi Dynasty increases persecution against the Jews, forcing many to outwardly practice Islam. Many keep practicing Judaism in secret. [2]




1619

1619
Some of the tribesmen continued to fight for their territory, but they were quickly overwhelmed and taken into captivity, placed aboard ships and sold as slaves in the West Indies. At the same time the whites were bringing to America their own slaves whose skins were black. The first shipments of these unfortunates were brought to Jamestown for sale by the Dutch in 1619.

July 1701: Cadillac. Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac. (1657-c1730). Born in Gascony, France to a noble family. He was assigned to Acadia (Nova Scotia) as a captain in the 1680s. The Governor of New France, Frontenac, in 1694 appointed him commandant at Michilimackinac—which at that time was perhaps the third largest settlement in New France after Quebec and Montreal. Michilimackinac is at the narrow strait between the lower and upper peninsula of Michigan (now joined by a bridge—"Big Mac").
Louis XIV conferred with Cadillac in 1699 concerning establishment of a larger presence in the Northwest Territories of New France. Upon returning to North America, the governor-general of the province made the decision that Cadillac would build a fort and trading facilities on the river between Lakes Erie and Huron. Therefore, in July 1701 Cadillac founded what was to become Detroit.
After charges of misconduct—and acquittal, Cadillac settled contentious affairs with the Miamis and went to Illinois country and then down to Louisiana where he gained supremacy for the French over several Indian tribes and Spanish influence. He became governor of Louisiana.
One account maintains that Cadillac was Commandant at Fort de Baude located at St. Ignace in the 1730-40s. St. Ignace is at the point on Michigan’s Upper Peninsula facing the Straits of Mackinac across from the Lower Peninsula. Cadillac had extensive dealings with Hurons, Ojibways (Chippewas), Miamis, Potawatomies, Ottawas, and other Great Lakes tribes.
He wrote a noted series of papers describing details of Indian practices, and retired to France where he died. The date of his death is much disputed. Some say “sometime after 1717” while others write 1730. Some also credit him with being the governor of New France (which he was not).
In terms of western PA, Cadillac is important as he exemplifies the heavy French influence on the Miami, Ojibway, Wyandot, Ottawa, Potawatomi and other tribes in drawing them in opposition against the “English” settlers who were crossing the Allegheny Mountains and moving into the Ohio territory. The French influence was old and well established.



July 17, 1735: Charles Taliaferro (b. July 17, 1735).

July 1752: (GW) inherits rights to Mount Vernon plantation upon the death of brother Lawrence Washington.

July 1752:
According to Sherman Day‘s 1843 book ―Historical collections of the State of
Pennsylvania…‖:

In July 1752, Mr. Gist on the part of the company, and Col. Fry, with two others, on the
part of Virginia, concluded a treaty with the Indians at Logstown, (14 miles below the
Forks of the Ohio,) by which the Indians agreed not to molest the settlements of the
company southeast of the Ohio…
Soon after the treaty at Logstown in 1752, Mr. Gist made a settlement and built a cabin
on the tract of land since called Mount Braddock, and induced eleven families to settle

July 1754: Abenaki. Also Abnak and sometimes Wapananhki. Algonquin-speaking Indian confederation living in the Kennebec Valley and to the north in present-day Maine, New Brunswick, and Quebec. They befriended the French in the early 1600s and many were converted to Christianity by Jesuit missionaries. The Abenaki umbrella includes several groups such as Passamaquoddy, Penobscot, and Maliseet. Some Abenaki chiefs sold land to English settlers without approval of their tribesmen resulting in animosity and eventual raiding wars between the Abenaki with their French allies against Massachusetts militias.
Abenakis were included in the “Canadian Indian” category with Villiers at the battle at Fort Necessity in July 1754 and then again with Beaujeu and Dumas in July 1755 at the Battle of the Monongahela.

The Albany Conference of June-July 1754 between the British authorities and the Iroquois ceded to PA the land west of the Susquehanna River “as far as the Province extends,” and south to the Kittochtinny Hills. This agreement formed the justification for settlers moving into western PA. In order to curry favor with the Indians in the Ohio area, Britain later rescinded this treaty promising the land west of the Alleghenies to the various tribal groups in a Proclamation in 1763 and then formalized the agreement in the Quebec Act of 1774. By the time these rules came into effect, settlers had already moved west of the Alleghenies, and the Quebec Act became an "intolerable act."
(See Franklin and Lydius.)
The town of Albany (NY) grew from a Dutch settlement c1614 as a trading post (Fort Nassau). It became an important trading center in the 17th and 18th century and is mentioned in several commentaries on trade and treaties. The trade began with the Mahicans, but when the Mohawk recognized the benefits, they had several fights with the Mahicans until the trade became split between the two Indian Nations. The Hudson River carried the ocean vessels of that time up-river to Albany and beyond (Troy, NY). The original Dutch settlement was sometimes referred to as “Orange” (Fort Orange built in 1624). When Canadian Indians traded with “Orange,” they were smuggling. The French did not appreciate "their" Indians trading with the Dutch, but fear of upsetting the sometimes tenuous relationship with their fickle "brother" stopped them from interfering. The Dutch in Albany got into an argument with the "Esopus" Indians in the Hudson Valley, and—in one of those strange alliances, enlisted the help of the Susquehannocks together with Mohawks to settle the dispute. A peace settlement was arranged with the Mohawks and Susquehannocks as allies.

July 1754: Villiers led a force of maybe 500 French and Canadian marines and militia plus around 200 Indians out of Fort Duquesne to meet George Washington and his militia troops at the Great Meadows. The number in this group is in dispute, some say 600 French/Canadian and 100-300 Indians. After surrounding Fort Necessity in the rain with both sides suffering from wet powder and exhaustion, he negotiated Washington's surrender and the English evacuation of the territory. Villiers was anxious to negotiate surrender—his Indian allies informed him they were leaving the next day, he was running short on ammunition, and British reinforcements of men and cannons could be heard “in the distance.” During this engagement, Coulon de Villiers‘ force suffered three killed and seventeen wounded.
Villiers continued in the French Army and later captured Fort Granville on the Juniata River. His major Indian ally was the Delaware, Captain Jacobs. Coulon de Villiers was the older half-brother of Jumonville, and it is that relationship that places him prominently in the history of the French and Indian War. In order to get the assignment to lead the force to the meadows, Coulon de Villiers had to pull-rank on another captain (François le Mercier) who had been assigned responsibility.
Louis Coulon de Villiers participated in several frontier raids on the PA frontier in 1755 and participated in the French capture of Fort Oswego in 1756. He also fought in the capture of Fort William Henry in the same year—1756. He grew ill in 1757 and died.
Accounts of the period 1763 record a “Major Villiers” at the French Fort de Chartres in the Louisiana territory (Peter Joseph Neyon de Villiers). The relationship between this major and “Louis Coulon” is not clear. Villiers was not an uncommon name in French Canada.
Confusion on the name—a question exists whether the character should be referred to as Coulon or Villiers. The compiler of this list prefers Villiers, but don’t be surprised in seeing it either way.


Wednesday July 17, 1754:
George Washington and James Mackay reach Williamsburg, Virginia after their retreat from the Great Meadows. Lt. Governor Dinwiddie receives Washington with impersonal courtesy. After giving his report, Washington is ordered to return to his regiment in Alexandria, Virginia.

July 1755: Brownsville, PA. The present-day city is located at Redstone Creek. That was the location of a storehouse used by the Ohio Company and used as a staging area later for Braddock in his attack on Fort Duquesne in July 1755.

July 1758: When General Forbes was advancing on Fort Duquesne in 1758, he was a part of William Pitt’s drive to remove the French from North America. General Amherst took the French fortress at Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia in July 1758. The French defense included 300 Indians—which were probably a combination of Abenaki and Micmacs. This defeat, along with other French losses, was a factor persuading the Indians at Fort Duquesne that remaining with the French would likely bring death to the defenders.

July 17, 1762: Catherine II becomes tzar of Russia upon the murder of Peter III of Russia. Known to history as Catherine the Great, Russia’s ruler participated in the partition of Poland along with Prussia and Austria. In acquiring her section of Poland, Catherine acquired a large Jewish population. Although her first reaction to these new Jewish subjects was retraisned but comparitvely enlightened, in the last years of her reign, Catherine took the first measures which would lead to what became known as the Pale of Settlement.

She encouraged German people to come to Russia by offering them free Homesteads because she felt that they were more industrious than the Russian farmers. It was during her reign that many German people went to Russia and formed their own German communities.

Promises forgotten…She promised them many advantages and promised that their young men would never have to join the Russian Army. During her reign, she extended the frontiers of Russia and acquired most of Poland. After her death, her promises to the German people were soon forgotten and soon as many as could started to emigrate to the United States.[1]

When Empress Catherine II invited new immigrants in 1762, this applied to everyone but the Jews. Early anti-Jewish feeling was almost exclusively religious-theological in inspiration-Jews were feared because of their false teachings that might corrupt god-fearing Christians.

July 17, 1764: Thomas' will in WB B Pages 374-375, Fairfax Co., VA., dated March 15, 1764, proven July 17, 1764, devises all land to son William, except for the land involved in the suit against Fielding Lewis, which land (in Spotsylvania Co., VA) is to be sold by William and the proceeds then given to son William, and Thomas' daughters, Susannah and Mary. It also devises 7 slaves, Lucy, Frank, Sally, young Nell, Lawrence, Charity and Robin to daughter Mary Smith. These slaves are later in the possession of Simon Hancock as shown in The 'Index to The Tithables of Loudoun County, Virginia and to Slaveholders and Slaves (1758-1786),' which lists the following slaves owned by Simon Hancock: Fan, Frank, Lawrence (Lall), Lucy, Robin (Bob), and Sarah (Sall). Frank, possibly Lall, Lucy, and Sall were still owned in said last tax year. Frank (a female) was sold to John Butcher by Deed from Simon and Mary in 1789, DB R P 237-238, Loudoun Co., VA., witnessed by Mary's brother, William Smith; and are likely the same people named in the Deed from Simon, dated 1806, DB 2 P 403, Henry Co., KY., which conveys slaves to his children. Said deed names 'negro slaves, Milly, Davy, Abraham, Grace, Lucy, Sall, Lett (illegible, also possibly Lell or Lall???), and Washington.

July 17, 1773: The New Purchase here spoken of was the territory purchased of the Indians at the treaty of Fort Stanwix, in 1768. What Lord Dunmore was to take charge of included all outside the purchase made by the proprietaries of Pennsylvania. The “new government” upon the Ohio proved a myth; although contrary intelligence, such as the following, had been frequently published:
“NEW YORK, July 17, 1773.
“When the last advices came away from England, the establishment of the new province on the Ohio was on the eve of taking place; it is to be called Vandalia, and the only thing then remaining to be done was the proprietors giving security to the government for the payment of the civil establishment, estimated at about three thousand pounds.”
July 1774 William Crawford buys William Luke, Thomas White and John Knight from Washington.
William Crawford raised a company of men as captain in the Virginia service to fight the savages who were now in arms against the frontier settlements.
July 1775
Bunker Hill and Hessian Hirelings
The clash of arms continued on a strangely contra¬r:ory basis. On the one hand, the Americans were em~hatica1ly affirming their ioyaltyloyalty to the king and ~estly voicing their desire to patch up difficulties. ¬On the other hand, they were raising armies shooting down His Majesty’s soldiers. This duri-ng a war of inconsistency was fought for fourteen ~ months—from April 1775 to July 1776—before the fateful plunge into independence was taken.
Gradually the tempo of warfare increased. In : 1775 a tiny American force, under Ethan Allen Benedict Arnold , surprised and captured the ~the garrisons at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, ~ one the scenic lakes of upper New York. A priceless store of gunpowder and artillery for the siege of Boston was thus secured. In June 1775 the colonials seized a hill, now known as Bunker Hill (actually Breed’s Hill), from which they menaced the enemy in Boston. The British, instead of cutting off the retreat of their foes by flanking them, blundered bloodily when they launched a frontal attack with three thousand men. Sharpshooting Americans, numbering fifteen hundred and strongly en¬trenched, mowed down the advancing Redcoats with frightful slaughter. But the colonials’ scanty store of gunpowder finally gave out, and they were forced to abandon the hill in disorder. With two more such victories, remarked the French foreign minister, the British would have no army left in America.
Even at this late date, in July 1775, the Conti¬nental Congress adopted the “Olive Branch Peti¬tion,” professing American loyalty to the crown and begging the king to prevent further hostilities. But following Bunker Hill, King George III slammed the door on all hope of reconciliation. In August 1775 he formally proclaimed the colonies rebellion; the skirmishes were now out and out treason, a hanging crime. The next month he widened the chasm when he sealed arrangements for hiring thousands of German troops to help crush his rebellious subjects. Six German princes involved in the transaction needed the money (one reputedly had seventy-four children); George III needed the men. Because most of these soldiers-for-hire came from the German principality of Hesse, the Americans called all the European mercenaries Hessians.
News of the Hessian deal shocked the colonials. The quarrel, they felt, was within the family. Why bring in outside mercenaries, especially foreigners who had an exaggerated reputation for butchery?
Hessian hirelings proved to be good soldiers in a mechanical sense, but many of them were more interested in booty than in duty. For good reason they were dubbed “Hessian flies.” Seduced byAmericanby American promises of land, hundreds of them finally deserted and remained in America to become respected citizens.

July 3rd, 1775

Washington first took command of the American army.

July 1775: on the records of the Westmoreland county court, July Term,
1775, there is found an action of Capias in Case, indicating an arrest
for damages, brought by "Robert Hanna, Esq. v. John Connolly."

THE REVOLUTION.

This case, however, was never brought to trial ; for public affairs
had taken on a new aspect. Our settlers for a time ceased to fight
each other, but stood together expectant looking for a contest with the
trained forces of the mother country.
July 1775: Pittsburgh Payrolls 1775

Pittsburgh Payrolls 1775
gracie (View posts)
Posted: 3 Jun 2003 11:37PM GMT
Classification: Military


Pittsburgh Payrolls 1775

"The Third Revolutionary Convention passed an ordinance in July of 1775 appointing commissioners to settle the accounts of the militia lately drawn out in an expedition against the Indians and for making provision to pay the same and for discharging public claims." http://www.lva.lib.va.us/whatwehave/mil/aboutdunmorewar.htm

Transcribed from images online. These records aren't indexed.
Library of Virginia, Richmond www.lva.lib.va.us

This isn't a complete transcription. Please view the images at the URLs given below, for additional names and details, and to check spellings.

*********************************************************************
PITTSBURGH
http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00001.tif

FILMED BY THE VIRGINIA STATE LIBRARY PHOTOGRAPHIC LABORATORY
http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00002.tif
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Page 1 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00003.tif

Capt. Richd: Johnston's Roll

Officers:

Capt. Richd. Johnson
Lieut. Jas. Miller
Ensign Hugh Breedy
Alexr. Maxfield Serjt.
Bartley Fitzg.... Serjt.
Robt. Mccown Serjt.


Privates:

Hezekiah Applegate
Struck out .... Evans
Struck out John Campbell
John Brown
Thos. Maxfield
Struck out John Wilson
Archibd. Mcneil
Struck out S... C....
Struck out B... .....
Henry Vaughan
Wm. Lucas
Wm. Steel
Neil Mcfitrage (?)
John Die
Peter Wadle
Henry Mclaughlin
Philip Philips
John Mcmeans
John Cotten (?)
Ben: Sparks
John Foster

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 2 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00004.tif

Capt. Rd: Johnston's Roll contd.

Edwd. Mitchell
Charles Foster
John Wadle deserted
Robt. Applegate
Jacob Paul deserted
Joseph Lemon (?) deserted
John Wilson deserted
...el Piers
Wm. Bailey
Andw. Die deserted
Alexr. Miller deserted
..hn Murray
.... Die deserted
... Perry
David Devoir deserted
Jos. Ferguson deserted
Henry Ferguson deserted
Jas. Johnson deserted
Thos. White
Geo. Campbell
Sam: Meginly
Paddy McClean
Robt. Purdy
John McCoslin
Saml (?) McCalister
Nathan Haman
John Lafaty
Chas. Tuel (?)
Adam Mccafaty
John Shearen
Wm. Ralston deserted
.... Gray
.... Ferguson deserted
Robt. Parks deserted

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 3 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00005.tif

Capt. Johnston's Roll contd.

Noah Williams
Robt. Baggs

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -


Page 4 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00006.tif

Capt. William Mcmachen's Roll

Wm. Mcmachen Capt.
Jas. Mcmachen Lt.
Morgan Jones Ensign
Jas. Higins Serjt.
Ben: Archer Serjt.
John Haycraft Serjt.


Privates:

Robt. Young
Dan: Mcclean
Enoch Springer
Jos.a Seriahfield
Philip Davis
Moses Higins
Aaron Higins
Adam Scott
John Ryley
.... Huffman
David Canady
Go. Smith
Peter Mcdonald
.... Mcdonald
Azariah Davis
Jonathan Byrns (?)
Jas. Williams
Jn (?) S....
Wm. McCollums
Jos: McCollums
Wm. Mcintosh
Thos. Thompson
Colin Campbell
John Ayres
Joshua York
Sam: Haycraft
Mat.w Campbell
James Dunbar
JOhn Mosely
Benj.n Hammett
John Absolom
Geo: Lydia (?)

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 5 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00007.tif

Capt. Michael Cresap senior's Roll

Officers:

Michael Cresap Sr. Capt.
Michael Cresap Jr. Lt.
Thos. Wearing Ensign
Dan: Cresap Junr. Serjt.
Joseph Ford Serjt.
Joseph Cresap Serjt.
Bryce Virgin Serjt.
Cyrus Mccrackin Sergt.


Privates:

Willm. Workman
John Chinworth
Thos. Chinworth
Thos. Forshee
Thos. Chane
Fras. Chaine
Charles Boman
Thos. Todd
Edwd. Todd
John Pearsefull
Philip Saunders
Jas. Downand
Jesse Pigman
John Williams
Peter McDaniel
Loudon Trotter
Mark Lee
Peter Lee
Wm. Ogle
Isaac Colyer
Moses Huffman
James Belford
Henry Dennis
.... ...es
Chas. Peak (?)
Robt. Mosely
.... Dickinson
.... Hargess (?) a Guide or Spy

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 6 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00008.tif

Capt. Michael Cresap Senr.'s Roll contd.

Wm. Bracken
Joseph Hughes
John virgin
James Taylor
Anthony Sells
John Oneal
John Conner
Joseph Lock
Jacob ...som
Andrew Fairly
Jos: Cockrain
Thos. Matthews
Wm. Matthews
Rd. Lee
Geo: Hinch
Michael Creswell
Paul Armstrong
Richd. Adams
Fredk. Bargar
James Martin
Jas. Caudy - Drummer
Jacob Dick
Abraham Thomas
Jos: Beckett
Dan: Deskin
Michael Johnson
Robt. Blackburn
Freeman Ballershell
Abr.m Tegarden
John Dean
David Williamson
Samuel Moore
Isaac Pritchard
Jno. Hughes
William Diseman

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 7 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00009.tif

Capt. Michael Cresap Sn.r's Roll contd.

Joseph Cresap Lt.
Pat. Muckleroy Ensign
Jacob Neieland Serjt.
James Buchanan Serjt.
Thomas Mason
Thos. Gilleland
Chas. Morgan
Jas. Johnson
Geo: Vert (or Vest)
David Braudy
John Lyon
John Philips
Isaac Adams
Jacob Fry
Matthew Stephenson
Jos: Brashear
Richd. Brashear
Thos. Brown
Wm. Hawkins
Lewis Bennett
Jno. Malchi Sallady
Ninean Tawnahall (?)
Philip Shover
Conrad Merserly (?)
David Solomon
Thos. Cisko
Wm. Robinson
Michael Delow
John Ferrell
Geo: Peoples
Jno. ...kfields
Geo: Peck
Andrew Robinson (?)
Samuel Mckenny

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 8 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00010.tif

Capt. Michael Cresap Sen.r's Roll contd.

Benj.n Kelly
James Wilson
Thos. Barnes
John Glaze
Hermon C...osly
Jas. Blackburn
Struck out Noah (?) Flurity (?)
Stephen Flurity
John Thomas
Henry Coffman
Robert Hustead
Jerem.a Arnold
Valentine Beker
John Fitzpatrick
Samuel Blackburn
Daniel Cristy
Uriah Wegins
Alexr. Scott
James Blaire
Chas. Magin
Jos: Cockrane
John Nicholas Jr. Lt.
Jacob Newland
Wm. Stockwell

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 9 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00011.tif

Capt. Michael Cresap Junr's Roll

Mich: Cresap Junr. Capt.
Dan: Cresap Lt.
Wm. Ogle Ensign
Jacob Newland Serjt.
Daniel Greathouse Serjt.
Jno. Clendennen Sergt.
Joseph Cockrain
Rt. Farmer
Jacob Kuykendall
Peter Dewitt
Go. Hinch
Struck out Jos: (?) Hinch
Elijah Kuykendall
Go. Richardson
Andw. Anderson
Richd. Mercer
Ign.s Jones
Strother Crawford
Moses Walker
Struck out John Bell
Struck out .... St...d (?)
Osgood Jones
Philip Hathaway
John Walding
.... Ross
Struck out .... Hall
Thos. Griffith
Edwd. Doling
Wm. Hall
John Cotrun (?)
Thos. Scott
Jas. Campbell
Jno. Smith
Terrance Finnigin
Mich: Whitelock
Jos: Wade
Geo: Clay
Hugh Parkes
John Caine
John Fitzpatrick
Ab... Byrns

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 10 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00012.tif

Capt. Michael Cresap Jun.r's Roll contd.

Struck out Josiah ....
Nicholas Makin
Richd. Stuard
Thos. Matthews
Frd.d Chaine
Jas. Campbell
Thos. Mason
John Jacobs


Capt. Hancock Lee's Roll

Hancock Lee Capt. / Cert ... Col. Mcdonald
Daniel Cresap Jr. Lt.
Wm. Ogle Ensign
Linchfeed Sharp Serjt.
Andw. Anderson Serjt.
David Gambell Serjt.
Jeremiah Arnold
John Oneal
Moses Walker
Loudon Trotter
Robt. Blackburn
Hugh Parks
Philip Hathaway
Robt. Farmer

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 11 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00013.tif

Capt. Hancock Lee's Roll contd.

Geo: Clay
Wm. Patterson
Wm. Taylor
Philip Saunders
John Carr
Struck out Anthony Sylls
Jos: Lock
Thos. Burns
Nicholas Mahen (?)
Hankerson Ashley
Jno. Greathouse
Jno. Conner
Jas. Campbell ...
Jno. Smith
Terrance Finnigan
Jos: Hall
Thos. Griffey
.... Lynch
Taff Ross
Stephen Pittock
Wm. Read
Dan: Greathouse
...ch: Johnson
Jacob Kuykendal
Elisha Kuykendol
Wm. Spencer
Chas. Morgan
Rd. Mynor
Rd. Stuard
John Cain
Jos: Wade
Jas. Taylor
Jno. Laurence
Alexr. Mcnelly
Henry Wilson
Thos. Mason
Thos. Chain
Wm. Mcfarland

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 12 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00014.tif

Capt. Wm. Linn's Roll

William Lynn Capt.
Wm. Harrod Lieut.
Thos. Clark Ensign
Thos. Brazer Serjt.
Thos. Wilson Serjt.
Willm. Langford Serjt.
John Mccaly
Ebenezer Corn
Jos: Harp
Jas. Turner
Elias Toland
Thos. Divier
Struck out Isaac (?) ....
Geo: Tate
Jas. Davis
Edwd. Smithson
Nathan Cooper
Jos: Collard
Stephen Vetito
Dudley Martin
Constant Oneil
Chas. Wm. Hamsid (?)
Abednego Carter
Jno. Robins
Wm. Williams
Joshua Hughs
Jos: Hall
James Flaherty
Jacob Dickey
Robert Hull a gun
Thos. Wyatt
Adam Young
Peter Stephens
John Gardner
Struck out John ....

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 13. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00015.tif

Capt. Wm. Lynn's Roll contd.

Job Walter
Fran.s Reily
Sam: House
Wm. Hartly
James Harrod
Zephaniah Johnson
Jacob Long
Zeanis Linley
John Ross
Abel Beal
James Beal
Jno. Hartley
Jas. Hook
David Cox
Mawny Brown
Thos. Lewis
Alexander Smith
Daniel Miller
Abraham Lewis
Jas. Mcmakan

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 13b. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00015.tif

Accounts

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 14 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00016.tif

Capt. David McClure's Roll

David McClure Capt.
John Caldwell Lieut.
Thos. McCarty Ensign
Andrew McClure Ensign
Robert Mckim Serjt.
Thos. Foster Serjt.
William Conner Serjt.
James Caldwell
Samuel Stilwell
John Houston
Samuel Stilwell
John Houston
Andrew McClure
Peter Fleming
Richd. Reddy
Joshua Shelly
Gerrard Van Waggoner
Thos. Pritchard
Peter Bright
James Beaty
David Gibbins
James Steel
John Dale
Chas. Licompt
Rawley Martin
Joseph White
John Robison
Archib.d Graham
Edward Johnston
James Forjo
James Clerk
Alexr. Mcdonald
Leven Spriggs
George Greeves

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 15 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00017.tif

Capt. David McClure's List Contd.

James Belford
John Ross
John Caldwell
Ralph Skidmore
Aaron Foreman deserted
Mich.l Iler
Joseph Conway deserted
Adam Row
Joseph Arnell
Edward Worthington
John Mills
Indian Jacobs
Moses Williamson senr.
Sam: Williamson
Moses Williamson junr.
James Williamson
Thomas Williamson
Jerry Williamson
John Williamson
Walter Carson
Edward Mills
John Boyd
Frederick Higins
Jacob Thompson
John Brenton
Christopher Ryley
John Row
Thos. Williams
William Stewart
Charles Martin
Wm. Peters

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 16. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00018.tif

Capt. John Stevenson's Roll

John Stevenson Capt.
Robt. Bell Lieut.
Wm. Harrison 2d. Lieut.
Ben: Harrison Ensign
Geo: Shilling Serjt.
John Morgan Serjt.
Robt. Vance Serjt.
Jesse Wheeler


Privates.

Samuel Wells
Sam: Murphy
Lawrence Harrison
Moses White
Thomas More
James Parks
Hugh Newell
Absolom Rent
.... Colliar
Thos. Rardon
Dan: Rardon
James Blackstone
Leven Cooper
Wm. Holiday
James Wilson
James Moody
John Minter
John Crawford
Thos. Ravenscroft
Frank Dicke
Wm. Mcintire
Jesse Buzan
Edwd. Stuart
John White
Wm. Hollis
Daniel Loct (?)
Hugh Stinson

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 16b. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00018.tif

Accounts

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 17 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00019.tif

Capt. John Stevenson's Roll contd.

Jno. Knight
Luisfield Sharp
Hancock Lee
Jno. Dawson
Jacob Meek
Jonas Pots
John Cox
Wm. Davis
Willm. Inks (?)
Joseph Hall
Wm. Wilson
Florence McCarty
George Mam
Wm. Miller
Wm. Philips
Stephen Vinyard
Henry Broils
Thos. Foster
Wm. Foster
Hy. Dawson
Kinsey Davis
John Lion
John Beck
Wm. Bennet
Wm. Stephens
Joseph Davis
James Wood
Osborn Flin
Daniel Bradley
Hugh Newell Jr.
Thos. Gwinn
Wm. Newell
Sam Mason
John Canear (?)
John Newell
Peter Stasy
Peter Warren
Patrick Collins

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 18 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00020.tif

Capt. John Stevenson's Roll contd.

Isaac Seissall
Mw. Jeffries
John Rardon
Wm. Darvill
David Williams
Wm. Burns
Sam: Bradley
Jas. Mason
Rt. Worthington
Jas. Ravenscraft
Jas. Winkfield
Sam: Cornwell
Thos. Reagan
Rich Lindsey
Gariot Nugent
Wm. Kersey
Jno. Winkfield
Thos. Waller
Jas. Whaley
Ch.s Morgan Jr.
Thos. Clifton
Philip Thompson
Jno. Smith
John More
Joseph Mount
Rd. Blackstone
Philip Jackson
Jas. Little
Wm. Lock
Go. Pretty
Chas. Poage
Jos. Becket
Wm. Taylor
Nich.s Harrison
Nat Fox
John Redman
.... Marks
Thos. Marks
Jas. Trimble

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 19 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00021.tif

Capt. Zackquil Morgan's Rolls

Zack: Morgan Capt.
Jas. Chew Lieut.
Wm. John Lieut.
Robt. Terrell (Ferrell?) Lieut.
Uriah Springer Ensign
Jas. Dunn Serjt.
Isaac Preckit Serjt.
Wm. Robison Serjt.
John Hord Serjt.
Nehemiah Harp Serjt.
Calder Haymond Serjt.
Wm. Moore Serjt.
Evan Morgan
Josiah Pricket
John Ice
Gilbert Vandroff
John Beesley
Jos. Anderson
Jacob White
Isaac Lemasters
Benj.n. Lemaster
Robt. Hartness
Alexr. Cleg
Peter McCune
Henry Runnan
Major Powers
Nehemiah Powers
Samuel Pindle
Thos. Dowthit
Abner Harp
Jacob Pricket
Jacob Pricket Junr.
Andrew Ice (?)
John Vendroff
Chas. Snotgrass
Wm. Ice
Wm. Snotgrass
Thos. Scott

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 20 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00022.tif

Capt. Zackquil Morgan's Roll contd.

Charles Grigsby
Joseph Davison
Jno. Davison
John Stackhouse
Belteshazer Dragoe
Jeremiah Smith
Morgan Morgan
Sam: Smith
Thos. Pindle
Aaron Henry
John Pierpont
John Finch
Thos. Evans
Levy Carter
Jacob Strait
Robt. Castell
Jacob Castell
John Logan
Thos. Herbert
Caleb Carter
John Cline
Jos: Carter
Edwd. Cunningham
John Jones
Thos. Price
Peter Parkison
John Tucker
Wm. Tucker
Thos. Marifield
Rd. Marifield
S... Marifield
John Tumbleston
Tegal Trader
John Woodson
Benj.n Brownfield
James Trimble

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 21 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00023.tif

Capt. Zackquil Morgan's Roll Contd.

Nathan Springer
Patrick Kelley
John Lefevers
Jno. Hardin "wounded at Snakes Town"
Inark Hardin
Joseph Battin
Lewis Thomas
Joel Rees
Ben: Hardin
James Current
Geo: Askins
John Askins
Rd. Carter
Isaac Ellis
Jas. Downing
Tim.y Downing
Robt. Downing
John Mcdonald
Isaac Stackhouse
Edwd. Haymond
John Carter
Wm. Haymond
Philip Askins
Joseph Coon
Ant.y Coon
Conrad Coon
Henry Sinder
Arthur Trader
Charles Bennitt
Dennis Murphy
Daniel Stout
Thos. Stout
Benj.n Copland

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 22 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00024.tif

Capt. Zackquil Morgan's Roll Contd.

Nath: Davison
Isaac Davison
Daniel Warner
Owen Davis
Andw. Ramsay
James Neal
Thos. Griggs
Ephraim Dragoe
Thos. Battin
Thos. Davie
Thos. John
Geo: Tucker
John Merical
John Stradler
Rudorp Hiley
Isaiah Pricket "kill'd by Ind'ns"
Coleman Brown "kill'd by Ind'ns"
Wm. Robinson senr.
Elias Pierce
Joseph Roltinghouse (?)
Isaac Lemaster
Jacob Youngman
Abm. Sisco

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 23 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00025.tif

Lieut. Francis McClure's Roll

Francis McClure Lieut.
Thos. McCarty Serjt.
Thos. Foster Serjt.

Privates.

David McClure
John Caldwell
Peter Fleming
Richd. Roddy
Jas. Caldwell
Geo: Greaves
Joshua Shilby
Gerrard Van Waggoner
Thos. Pritchard
Peter Bright
Wm. Connor
James Beaty
James Belford
David Gibbins
Samuel Stilwell
James Steble
John Dale
Chas. Lecompt
John Ross
Rawleigh Martin
David Cox deserted
Ralph Skidman
Jos: White
John Robison
Andw. McClure
Robt. McKinn
Aaron Foreman

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 24 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00026.tif

ONE ENTIRE LIST STRUCK OUT. See image for names, etc.


Lieut.t John Hinckston's Roll

Lieut John Hinckston
Thos. Cheyney
John Townsen
Silas Train
Hugh Porter
Robert Porter
James Dougan
James Cooper
Wm. Worton
Thos. Tawnhill
Jno. Mcgary
John Hagen
Geo: Finley
Jas. Grannell
Wm. Anderson
Jno. Martin
Mattw. Sulivan
Robt. Knox
Wm. Haddin
Thos. Shores
Wm. Huskins (?)
Jas. Connell
Christr. Mcmichael
William Wilson
John Jordan

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 25 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00027.tif

"List of Men stationed at Fort Fincastle und'r Serjeant Zane"

Ebinezer Zane Serjt.
Andrew Zane
Jonathan Zane
Whindle Coune
Ambrose Coffee
Jas. Johnston
Jos: Johnston
Silus McCracken
Robt. Kerr
Jacob Reagor
Luke Dimpsey
Lewis Burwell
Ovid McCraken

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 26 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00028.tif

Capt John Robertson's Roll

John Robertson Capt.
Sam: Beckett Lieut.
Sam: Glass Lieut.
James Sullivan Ensign
Sam: Glass Sergt.
Wm. Reynolds Sergt.
David Cox Serjt.
Seth Stiles Serjt.
Peter Body Serjt.
Wm. Cage Serjt.


Privates.

John Wilson
Jacob Decket
John Mcdonald
John Edwards
Seth Stiles
Geo: Custard
.... Custard
Jas. Watson
Peter Body
Wm. Tedball
Jos: Kirkpatrick
John Miller
Joseph Carman
Joseph Lashty
Wm. Miller
Jacob Custard
Conrod Rodner
Philip Vansadler
William Martin
Thos. Bourds
Stuart Stocks
Wm. Craig

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 27 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00029.tif

Capt. John Robertson's Roll contd.

Sam: Hinch
Alexr. Gilfilin
Henry Brown
Wm. Rennolds
Martin Owens
John Wilson
Wm. Cage
Owen Newman
Nicholas Cary
Alexr. Rice
James Murray
Edwd. Smith senr.
Edwd. Smith Junr.
John Holcraft
Valentine Wells
Jus. StClare
Thos. ..uske
Nicholas Decker
Christopher Donally
Jas. Stephenson
John Tammage
John Tennall
John McClain
Henry Martin
Nehemiah Dunn
John Crist
John Waggoner
John McClarry
Wm. Hazleton
John Bush
Lavender Smith
Jno. McCurdy
Peter Stephens

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 28 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00030.tif

Thomas Bay's List

Thos. Bays
Nathan Haman
John Waggoner
John Backett
Wm. Tremble
Thos. Marquis
Jas. Parks
Jno. Marquis
Jno. Rodman
Chas. Stevenson
Jacob Johnson
Jno. Nelson
Jas. Hamron (?)

the following list was struck out
Jus. StClair desert.d
Jas. Wilson ditto
John McClain ditto

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 29 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00031.tif

Capt. Paul Froman's Roll

Paul Froman Capt.
Ezekiel Johnson Lieut.
David Steel Ensign
Jacob Long Serjt.
John Bailey Serjt.
Alexr. Steel
Mich: Thomas
Solomon Froman
Norw.d Francis
Dan.l Jacobs
Jacob Coffman
Willm. Gass
George Cooper
Wm. Capes
Jas. Stecey
John Downor
Mattw. Rogers
Isaac Miller
Jacob Rooper
John Wheeler
Layton White
John Waits
La..rence Rooliser
Abner Wines
James Mcmullan
Jno. Mcdonald
John Hutson
James Kerns
John Boice
Jonathan Rogers
James Filch
Wm. ...lison
.... James
... Thomas

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 30 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00032.tif

Capt. Paul Froman's Roll contd.

Robt. Binks
Isaac Springer
Joseph Russell
Wm. Stephenson
John Jones
Peter Wize
James Greenland
Phineas Sweezer
Wm. Stephens
Robt. Miller
Jno. Conner
Jno. Hill
Thos. Talbert
John Bull
Sam: McAdams
John Carter
Samuel Jump
Edwd. Doolin
John Holbert
Jacob Wize
Zediah Johnston
Fra.s Cuningham
Garrat Jordan
Wm. Coventry
Jno. McAdams
Wm. David

Abraham Morgan entred the 1st June & deserted Octr. 3d.
Jno. (?) Dunahew entred June 1st & deserted Augt. 6th.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 31 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00033.tif

Capt. John Wilson's Roll

John Wilson Capt.
Benj.n Tomlinson Lieut.
Jas. Carmichael Ensign
Nicholas McCarty Serjt.
Alexr. Mcpherson Serjt.
Geo: Morris Serjt.
Joshua Baker Serjt.
John Witsall Serjt.

Spies
Sam: Kinkead wounded
Jas. Cochran
John Mahon
Jas. Ross
Thos. McCarty

Joseph Brown
Jno. Brown senr.
Wm. Greathouse
Evan Watkins
John Bartlett
Isaac Decamp
Patrick Means
William Nelson
John Godfrey
Chris.r Hanaman
Elisha Risley
George Yeager
Simon Robertson
Henry Howard
Lewis Bonnett
Conrad Messor
Valentine Steel
Geo: Cramst...
Martin Westzell
Patrick Marrs
Robt. Williams
Jno. Enochs
Elijah Vanhorn
Gabriel Murphy

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 32 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00034.tif

Capt. John Wilson's List contd.

John Smith
Isaac Connell
John Wilkison
Archib.d Guthrie
John Gruer
.... Smith
Joseph Neal
Willm. Heaton
Andw. Jackson
Arthur Wordley
Jno. Harkness
James L..allin
Jacob Gray
Jno. Simpson
Jacob Fisher
Daniel Ryncheart (?)
Christ.r Swoap
Jacob Greathouse
Richard Falls
Jos: Tomlinson
Sam: Tomlinson
Jonathan Wright
John Brown Junr.
Duncan Campbell
Benj.n Tipton
Jno. Guthray
Richd. Dotson
John Roberts
Roley (?) Sunderland
John Williams
Patrick McCoy
James Long
Mattw. Harmen
Isaac Dye
Elias Garrett
John Yates

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 33 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00035.tif

Capt. John Wilson's List contd.

John Connor
Jacob Vandine
Cornelius Johnson
Henry Hall
William Hall
Levy Teel
John Mills
Jonathan Morris
George Burns
Sam: Young
Barnabas Marrs
Moses Garrett
James Brown
Thos. Truelock
John Baker
Jacob Shiorly (?)

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 34 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00036.tif

Capt. Samuel Kinkade's Roll

Sam: Kinkade Capt.
Jacob Tivobough Lieut.
Michael Catt (?)
Samuel Philips Serjt.
Richd. ....ston Serjt.
Christ.r Capley
James Le Harley
Frederick Myars
Samuel Luellin
Christian Bashas
Lewis Myres
Daniel Rouse (certificate delivered to Chris: Swigart)
Philip Catt
Geo: Catt
Rhuben Waites
David Dillinson
Geo: Huckleberry
Geo: Main
Henry Main
Conrad Brandenburg
Nicholas Rifle
John Harfield
Martin Haster
Valentine Cooper
Simon Darrack
Gilbert Fife
Peter Hatfield
John Rice
Andw. Tush
Nath: Kinneson
Jesse Burkam
Mattw. Dobson
John Waites

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 35 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00037.tif

Jacob Rifle
Richd. Waites
Jonas Peters
Noah Fleharty
John Godfrey
John Smith
Isaac Connell
Archibald Guttery
Duncan Campbill
John Brown
Richd. Dodsom
John Baker
Jno. Roberts
Rowley Sutherland
Patrick McCoy
Richd. Fauls
Robt. Williams
Christ.r Hanneman
Isaac Die
Patrick Marr
Patrick Mane
Jno. Simpson
Jon.a Wright
Henry Caufman
Henry Miers
Jno. Miller
Nicholas Miller
Jno. Wm. Province
Wm. Stuart

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Pages 36 & 36b. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00038.tif

Capt. George Rogers Clarke's Roll

George Rogers Clarker Capt.
Gabriel Cox Lieut.
Isaac McCrachen Ensn.
Oved McCrachen Serjt.
Wm. Hargis Serjt.
George Cox Serjt.
Ralph Matson Pvt.
Robt. Karr
Sam: Higin
John Gardner
Thos. Buffington
Edwd. Mordack
Geo: Green
Wm. Wood
Jonathan Frize
Nicholas Martin
Jas. Jones
zephaniah Blackford
John Polke
James Robinson
James Johnston
Daniel Holman
Jno. Nisewanger
Wm. Shepherd
Jno. Alexander
Wm. Hawkins
Wm. Flahavan
Jacob Reagor
Wm. Chaplin
Lander Barber
James Crawford
Alexr. Cowant
.... House
Samuel Connor
Rhuben Blackford
James Davidson

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 37 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00039.tif

Capt. George Rogers Clarke Roll cont.

Inlisted by Lieut Cox.

Richard Hultz
John Johnson
Wm. Murley
Joseph Cox
Joseph Hultz
John Allentharp
Abraham Westfall
Archibald White
Thos. Simmons
James Wallace
Andrew Nigh
Joseph Hinck
David Leforgee
Abraham Leforgee
Andrew Miller
Louther Colvan
andrew Vason
Richd. Masters
Paul Matthews
Jacob Wire
George Custard
Samuel Martin
Jno. Edwards
John Lamb
Joseph Custard
Paul Humble
John Fife
Wm. Fife
Andrew Hood

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 38 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00040.tif

Capt. David Scott's Roll

David Scott Capt.
John Evans Lieut.
John Burroughs Lieut.
Jas. Scott Ensign
John Hamilton Serjt.
John Gilkey Serjt.
Peter Popono Serjt.
Henry Stephens Serjt.
Simon Troy
John Cockran - Spy
Thos. Cuningham - Spy
Jacob Scott - Spy
John Evans
John Beck drummer
Lucas Thomas
Simon Cochran
Roger Barton
Daniel Barton
James Parker
Jonathan Noland
Jarvis Brumegin
Elias Brumegin
Valentine Kinnet
John Cooper
Geo: Smither
Rudolph Smither
Thos. Williams
John Gifford
Wm. Stephens
John Ramsay
Jno. Mcneal
Brice Worley
Mich: Calendar
Geo: Hart
Thos. Mahan

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 39 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00041.tif

Capt. David Scott's Roll contd.

John Chambers
Charles Ramsay
Gasper Everley
Daniel Burtchel
George Weaver
Geo: Boydstone deserted
James Densy
John Evans
James Johnston
James Wells
Jas. (?) Cross deserted
Elijah Burroughs deserted
Phenias Killam
Denis Nevil
Denis Ronan
Patrick Morgan
James Butler
James Morgan
Lewis Rogers
Thos. Goodwin
Ben: Goodwin
David McConahen
Gilbert Husted
James Starling
Thos. Clifton
Mich: Dunfield
Wm. Case
Go. Shinns
James Ferry
Denis Calahan
Wm. Slaughter
Richd. Bradcut (?)

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 40 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00042.tif

Capt. David Scott's Roll cont.
Benj.n Scott
Augustus Smith
Jacob Lemaster
Peregin Tharpe
Leonard Hendrickson
Geo: Campbell
Joseph Dodridge
Wm. Joseph deserted
Dav.d Boydstone deserted
Job Lym deserted
Moses Husted
Napthalim Gregory
Sam: Goodwin
Nath: Case senr.
Nat Case Junr.
Jonathan Padox
David Thomas

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00043.tif

Blank

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 41 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00044.tif

Capt. David Rogers's Roll

David Rogers Capt.
James Brenton Lieut.
Henry Brenton Serjt.
Jos: Woodfin Serjt.
Robt. Brenton
Sam: Brenton
Davis Brenton
Jos: Brenton
Robt. Swinney
Jno. Hormil
Jacob Hormil
Henry Hormil
John Finn
Dan: Woodfin
Robt. Dinbow
David Roberts
Mich: Finn
Hugh Coil
Henry Jordan
Hugh Mcmillen
Joseph Miller
John Smith
Rhuben Smith
Sam.l Miller
Jacob Conrad
Francis Means
ditto appd. a Serjt.
Henry Dickinson
Brice Virgin deserted
Richd. Dickinson deserted
Ebenezer Paddock
Sam: Mcrandy
Wm. Brown
Jno. Bradley
.... Tawney deserted

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 42 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00045.tif

Capt. David Roger's Roll cont.
Robt. Mccleland
Jno. Eklin refused to march
Jos. Eklin
Wm. Eklin
Samuel Eklin
Anthony Sile deserted
Jno. Warner
Wm. Paddock
Giab Woodfin
Thos. Evans
Jno. Thomas
Jno. Fisher
Henry Cassell & Jno Hendricks
Jno. Moore
Isaac Philips
Jno. Branner
Jas. McCullough
Jonathan Padock
Josiah Wallace
John Bodkin
Jno. Reburn
Robt. Benham
Andrew Reid

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00046.tif

Blank

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 43 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00047.tif

Capt. Abraham Teagarden's Roll

Abm. Teahardarden Capt.
Wm. Teagarden Lieut.
John Gardner Ensign
David Wilson Serjt.
Alexr. Smith Serjt.
Christ.r Swiger Serjt.
William Raudle
Jacob Dick
Thos. Davidson
Ebenezer Bogle
Thos. Clifton (listed Scott)
John Conwell
Wm. Davidson
John Renoe
George Teabolt
Adam House
Richd. Golding
Wm. Case (listed Scott)
Mich.l Cock
Lennard Hendrickson (listed Scott)
Jon.a Padock (listed Rogers)
Jno. Smith (listed Cresap)
Wm. Conwell
Jno. Fisher (listed Rogers)
Jno. Kinser deserted
Abm. Lucas
Nath.l Redfall
Jno.a Arnold
Thos. Peake
Daniel Goble
Jacob Coleman
Jas. Workman
Randle Death
David Cox
Daniel Miller

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 44 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00048.tif

Capt. Abr'am Tegarden's Roll cont.

Henry Walter
Henry Collins
Nicholas Miller
John Luttraw
John Harman
Edwd. Askins absconded
Henry Myars
John Myar
David Miller
...el Brown
Adam Brown
Benj.a Shanks
Thos. Higinbotham
Wm. Biggs (listed McCollogh)
Stephen Pittcock
Samuel Cane absconded
Joseph Dorson (?)
Geo: Bigs (list.d McCologh)
James Martin
Roger Hynds
David McCarty
John McCarty absconded
John Beason absconded
Jas. Mcmachen
John Walker (list.d McCologh)
Wm. Higinbotham absconded
Nat McCarty
Geo: Colvill
Philip Lutes

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 45 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00049.tif

Lieut. David Enoch's Roll

David Enoch Lieut.
Ellis Bean Ensign
Zephar Bell Serjt.
Robt Binham Serjt.
Jonathan Frazee
Benj.n Frazee
And.w Reid
Duncan Kennedy
Daniel Stark
Christ.r Stark
Isaac Bane
John Reese
Reese Gaddis
Wm. Carter
James Paul
Thos. Woodard
Abr.am Sutton
Peter Nycewanger
Paul Hull
Philip Vavell
Geo: Keane
John Henry ass.d Chris.t Swigart
Mich: Spenser
Wm. Morris
Elisha Morris
Arch.d Morris
Isaac Philips
Jacob Dicks
James Buetor (?)
Alex.r Keith
Stephen Berkley
Jas. Stark
Elisha Ball sick
Jos: Jennens
Hy. Swindler sick
Nathan Bean sick
Jos: Bean deserted
Theophilus Case
Jas. Dunbar deserted

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00050.tif

Blank

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 46 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00051.tif

Capt. George Vallandigham's Roll

Geo: Vallandigham
John Templeton Ensign
Andrew Poe Serjt.
Hugh Scott Serjt.
Peter Coe Serjt.
William Wilson
Philip Records
Peter Kidd
Hugh Cockran
Robt. Kidd
Wm. Wood
Walter Mcfarland
James Duncan
Thos. Richardson
Zachariah Shedham
Peter Campbell
Jas. Mcmillan
Robt. Kennedy
Jas. Kennedy
Jno. Lawrence
Wm. Carpenter
Rd. Bowen
Jno. Fryer
Jno. Stillines
James Robinson
Thos. Smith
Jos: Pyels
Mathias Ward
Rich.d Chamberlyn
Vaban Nichols
John Nichols
Patrick Johnston
Jno. Graham
John Inks

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 47 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00052.tif

George Vallandigham's Roll contd.

Thos. Williams
John Love
Thos. Cuninghame
Jas. Little
Thos. Mckee
Jas. Gray
Rd. Fluck
Jno. Hudson
Richd. Gore
Jas. Henry
Jno. Porter
Jos: Perry
Edwd. Murray
Wm. Todd
Jno. Templeton
Andrew Poe
Hugh Scott

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 48 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00053.tif

Capt. George McCulloch's Roll

George McCulloch Capt.
Jos: Ogle Lieut.
Derrick Hogeland Ens.n
Cornelius Mcintire Serjt.
John Carpenter Serjt.
Jno. Biggs Serjt.
Geo: McCoy Serjt.
Solomon Delong
Zachariah Delong
Sam: Bruce
Jno. Reynolds
John Tackey
Thoms. Newberry
Thoms. Ellvey
Jno. Ash
Thos. Ryan
Jno. Ash Junr.
Ezekiel Dewitt deserted
Robt. Chandley
Jno. Mcmath killed
Thos. worthington
Wm. Cloyd
Joseph Hedges
.... Robertson
Ezekiel Hedges
Jos: Shaw
Patrick Talbot
Silas Hedges
Laurence Bustrick
Lewis Bustrick
Geo: Bustrick
Geo: Wilson
Jno. McSwain
Ben: Biggs
Jas. Moore
Jas. Andrew
Jas. Parks

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 49 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00054.tif

Capt. George McCulloch's List contd.

Jno. Huff
Jno. Delridge not to be pd.
John Ferguson not to be pd.
Joseph Van meter
Abm. Van meter
Hugh Sidwell deserted
Joseph Casey
Joseph Wilson deserted
Edw.d Robertson Junr.
And.w Ramsay
Isaac Smith not to be pd.
John Goslin
Thomas Turney
Struck out John Beck
Jacob Deker
Peter Kellar
John Frazer deserted
Thos. Ogle
John Walker
John Leman
Wm. Biggs
Geo: Biggs
Thos. Biggs
Isaac Metris (?) refus.d Orders
Daniel Dunn

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 50 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00055.tif

Capt. Henry Hougeland's Roll

Henry Hougland Capt.
Wm. Houghland Lt.
Jas. Houghland Ensign
Elias Newkirk Serjt.
Thos. Hargess Serjt.
Joseph Barclay Serjt.
Joseph Vanes
Thos. Bay
John Tollin
William Russell
William Lock
Joseph Clemons
Peter Crawford
John McCarty
John Dunaky
Moses Blackburn
Andrew Scott
William Jones
John Wilson
Amos Gustian
Thomas Chain
John Philips
William Davis
William Inks
Robt. Beacon
Andrew Beard deserted
John Asturges
Peter Asturges
Robt. Kinkaid
Henry Boling
Gasper Sukle
John Cowen
Thos. Johnson
Edwd. Evans
Michael Counes

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 52 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00056.tif

Major John Connolly's Roll

John Connolly Major
Wm. Christy Lieut.
Simon Girty Lieut.
Jacob Bonsman Ensign
Wm. Richmond Fort Major
John Mclaughlin drummer
James Nolin Serjt.
Cornelius Connor Serjt.
John McDoran Serjt.
John Rock Serjt.
Daniel Brown senr.
John Burger
Robert Black
John Cribbs
Henry Butler
Dan.l Brown Junr.
John Donniah
John Winings
Wm. Hite
Jno. Thompson disch.d
Geo: Parks
Joseph Gonsley
Wm. Stuart Junr. disch.d
Wm. Stuart senr. deserted
Jas. Kennedy
Florence McCarty
James Clarke Serjt. 8 days / James Clarke sold.r 196 days same person
Wm. Evans
Wm. Wells
Bart.w Neadly
Daniel Moore
John Cameron
Jas. McDowell
Jas. Wilson

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 53 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00057.tif

Major John Connolly's Roll contd.

Edward McCauley
Robert Walker
Edwd. Mcginn
Thos. Mooney
Robt. Wilson deserted
Henry Miller
John Mcginty
John Campbell
Ephraim Allen
Robt. Huston
Jas. Higins discharg.d
James Tallman lippincut
John Bell discharg.d
Thos. Williams disch.d
John Peters
Bostion Burger
Ritchie Philips
James Mcmahon disch.d
Ant.y Brapston disch.d
Simon Butler
Rich.d Gore disch.d
Jas. Matson
Patrick Hall
Jas. Ross
Jacob Vertner
Hugh Read
John Diggins
James Forsyth
Moses Abraham deserted
Thomas Mason
Alex.r Moore
Cornel.s Dougherty

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 54 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00058.tif

Major John Connolly's Roll contd.

Nehemiah Hayton
Solomon Ranken
Nich: Barker disch.d
Laurance Keenon disch.d
Wm. Kirtow
Jacob Groove
John Horton
Jas. Wheeler
Jas. Taylor
Adam Rider
Jas. Cunnerford disch.d
Joseph Neal
Joshua Jones
Philip Reily
Thos. Douglas
Wm. Cowley
Patrick Clemens
Terence Finegan
David Lyon
Jas. Owens deserted
M.w Rogers
Bernard Huffman
Geo: Stouts
Wm. Spencer
Jas. Mcgolrick
Wm. Dawson
Robt. Mcmichael

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 55 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00059.tif

Major John Connolly & Capt. Geo: Aston's Roll

John Connelly Major
Geo: Aston Capt.
Willm. Christy Lieut.
Zadock Wright Lieut.
James Chambers Lieut.
Simon Girty Lieut.
Abel Westfall Ensign
Jacob Bousman Ensign
James Chambers Adjnt.t
Wm. Richmond Fort Maj.r
James Kennedy
Dan: Brown senr.
Dan: Brown Junr.
Thos. Douglas
Francis Brown
Abram Gumm
Josiah Osman
Robert McDowell
Peter Springstone
Joseph Creswell
Wm. Connor
James Ramsay
John Smith
George Berry Serjt. & Sold.r
Cornelius Connor Serjt.
Wm. Cooley Sold.r
James Nolane Serjt.
Peter Byers discharg.d
Philip Ryley
Josiah Dickinson
James Machon
Henry Guggar
William Hite
John Meginly
Jacob Grover
Wm. Thompson
Samuel S....
Thos. Scott
Moses Abraham
Michael Moley

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 56 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00060.tif

.... Connolly & Aston's Roll contd.

William Plummer
James Grace
James Tolman lipincutt
John Thompson
John Crail
Joseph G....ly
Michael Rider
John Mcdorain a Serjt. &c.
Robert Walker
John Rock private & Serjt.
Wm. Ryan
James Mcdowell
John Winnins
Benjamin Bogard
John Bergus
Daniel Moore
Robt. Black
John Westfall
Christ.r Carpenter
Dan: Whitaker
John Doramiah
Ephraim Allan
Wm. Vaughan
Edwd. Mccauly
Daniel Lyons
Isaac Dain
Wm. Stuart
Hugh Reid
Thos. Stuart
Cornelius Dogherty
John Muckleroy
Jas. Mcgoldrick
Nath: Stoaks Serjt. & private
Rd. Philips
Jas. Higins
James Wilson

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 57 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00061.tif

.... Connolly & Capt. Aston's Roll contd.

Andrew Reads
Strother Crawford
Charles Crawford
Chas. Churchill deserted
James Cumberford
Wm. Grills
Simon Butler
John Doggins
William Muckleroy
Boshan Burgar
John Shisely
John Campbell
John Bell
Geo: Parks
Willm. Wells
James Machan
Florance McCarty
Thos. Carroll died
Robt. Clendennon
Wm. Grayham
Joseph Neal
John Peters
Joseph Lane
Thos. Mahon
Michael Barker
Wm. Spencer
Thos. Gooden
Geo: Shakely
Moses Holliday
James Ross
Laughland Mcphee
Samuel Cartright
Roger Oneal
Geo: Osborn
Jacob Westfall
John Hammond
John Quick

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 58 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00062.tif

Major Connolly & Capt. Aston's Roll contd.

Ezekiel Applegate
John Logan
Bazell Ingman
Ezekiel Day
James Holliday
Robert Craighhead
Thos. Watson
Leonard Hohn
Wm. Stuart
Laurence Crimon (?)
Luke Jolly
John Cammeron
Edwd. Meginn
Jacob Rhodes
Nehemiah Hayton
Wm. Aston
Josiah Jones
David Sloan
Samuel Conner
anthony Brapston
Charles Bruce
Thos. Chambers
Jas. Wheeler
Barth.w Neadley
Wm. Coventry drummer
Thos. Drinnin
Jno. Mclaughlin drummer
Philip Connor
Edwd. Mclaughlin
Robt. Hueston
Jacob Vertues (?)
David Scott
James Nealy
William Edwards
John Cribbs
Jas. Clarke Serjt.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 59 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00063.tif

... conolly & Capt. Aston's List contd.

Samuel Mcginnis
John Hutchison
Wm. Evans
Solomon Rankin
Wm. Rankin
Jerem.a Meaks
Boshan Frederick
John Mccandless des.d
John Conger des.d
Adam Rider
Alex.r Drummond
Indian Jacob
David Lyon
Alex.r Moore
Bernard Huffman
Jacob Lishart
John Connor


Guides

Robt. McCully
Joseph Nichols
Thos. Nichols
Thos. Dalton
Wm. Breedin
Fra.s Little
Dan: Sulivan
Walter Grahams
Jno. Hamilton
Jno. Broadley

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Page 60 folio. http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00064.tif

James Chambers's Roll at Fort Fincastle

James Chambers Ensign
Thomas Chambers
James Smith
Sam: Hodges
James Owens
John Cox
James Davidson
Elias Toling

*********************************************************************
Filmed by the VIRGINIA STATE LIBRARY PHOTOGRAPHIC LABORATORY
http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00065.tif

PITTSBURGH
END
http://lvaimage.lib.va.us/Microfilm/DW/001/00066.tif
*********************************************************************
•
Re: Pittsburgh Payrolls 1775
rivang (View posts)
Posted: 20 Jun 2012 6:02AM GMT
Classification: Query


The Library of Virginia have changed their server links so the link to collection is now:

http://image.lva.virginia.gov/Microfilm/DW/001/
•
Re: Pittsburgh Payrolls 1775
frostfreedet (View posts)
Posted: 20 Jun 2012 9:53PM GMT
Classification: Query


Thank you very much for this! I have a couple of databases that now need updating.

Bet they still have not indexed the Pittsburgh payrolls, though. Quite a few of those in the Pittsburgh lists of this database lived actually in VA (present WV), too.
In July 1775, Washington had named Church the first surgeon general of the Continental Army, only to find out three months later that he had been spying for the British since 1772. Church faced an army court martial on October 4, 1775.
Despite Church's plea of innocence, and the inconsequential nature of the information he provided to Crane, the contents of the letter included Church's statement of allegiance to the British crown. He was charged with treason, convicted and sentenced to life in prison. After becoming ill while incarcerated, Dr. Church was exiled to the West Indies. The ship in which he traveled is believed to have been lost at sea.
On November 7, 1775, shortly after the conviction of Dr. Church, the Continental Congress added a mandate for the death penalty as punishment for acts of espionage to the "articles of war."
Kerney, John. William Darke, in June 1791 wrote a certificate of the services of Capt. John Kerney, as follows: "I was and am well acquainted with Captain John Kerney of the county of Berkeley, Va.; he engaged in the American service as first sergeant to a company in July 1775, in Col. Hugh Stephenson's regiment of infantry; he was taken prisoner at Fort Washington, suffered a long and painful imprisonment, after which he continued in the American army, and behaved as a brave and distinguished soldier, until he was appointed a lieutenant in a State Regiment, commanded by Col. Joseph Crockett, after which he succeeded to the command of a company in said regiment, and served until it was disbanded, which was not until the end of the war. During his whole service, he merited the esteem of his superior officers and of his country." There is a mistake in this account. Hugh Stephensbn was not appointed a colonel until 1776. Kerney's name does not appear in the muster roll of Captain Hugh Stephenson's company raised in 1775. In 1776 he joined Captain Shepherd's company of riflemen as second sergeant. The rest of the account is true. After the war he returned to his home in Berkeley, and held the position of a justice of the peace, and member of the County Court until about the year 1805, when he emigrated to Kentucky and died there. In old times the Kearneys, for whom Kearneysville is named, spelt their name Kerney, as many tombstones in Shepherdstown attest.


July 17, 1775 – Hugh Stephenson of Berkeley County led his military company out of Mecklenburg, present-day Shepherdstown to Cambridge, MA.

Monday, July 17th, 1775
Left Major Crawford’s. Crossed the Yaughhagany River and went to Mr. V. Crawford’s. In the evening went to Captn. Stephenson’s to what they call a Reaping Frolic, usually make a feast when they get done reapings, very merry.

In July 1776, Boone’s daughter Jeminah and two friends were taken by four Shawnee and a Cherokee, prompting a chase by Boone and friends that recovered the girls and killed two of the Indians. Boone was later captured by Shawnees, “adopted” into their tribe, only to escape and abandon his Indian family.
Boone fought in the Battle of Blue Licks in 1783—the fight that some refer to as the ”final battle of the Revolutionary War.”

Boone. West entrance to Krodel Park in Point Pleasant, WV. Photo by compiler with Joyce Chandler. Enlarged photo.
"Boone's Trading Post. Daniel Boone, noted scout and Indian fighter, operated trading post here, 1790. He was scout for General Lewis enroute to Point Pleasant, 1774. Named County Lieutenant for Kanawha and served this county in the Virginia Assembly."
Daniel Boone’s life can be studied through reading the works of his many biographers. His ancestors continued in the pioneer tradition as one of his granddaughter’s children gained some notoriety (Kit Carson).
July 1776: Hickman, William. Enlisted in the same company. William Hickman again enlisted in Captain Shepherd's company in July 1776, but was drafted into some other company in August of that year. In 1779 he was in Kentucky, and went with Colonel Bowman on an expedition against the Indian villages across the Ohio. Dr. Lyman F. Draper thus spoke of him in his account of the failure of that expedition. "The Indians, although surprised, gathered into their council house, which they held for defence. A man of the company, William Hickman by name, who had served with Bedinger under Captain Stephenson at the siege of Boston, and who during Dunmore's War, was strongly suspected of having stealthily killed a white man below Pittsburg, now met his fate. He was seen, at early dawn, peeping around the corner of a cabin to the left of Bedinger's party, was shot by the Indians in the council house, and died instantly. He had said the evening before that he had a presentiment that he would be killed in the expected attack in the morning."
July 17, 1782: A gentleman at Quebec, writing to a friend in Edinburgh, July 17,
1782, says: "A Colonel Clark, commanding a large party of Americans
in the Illinois country, has been for some years meditating an attempt
upon Fort Detroit, but hitherto has always been defeated by the vigilance
and activity of the Indians. This year Clark had assembled about 4000
men, and we have heard was on his march to Detroit. He had ordered
a Major Crawford to advance before his main body with about 500 men.
and they had actually reached St. Douskie, when intelligence was brought
to Major De Peyster, the commanding officer at Detroit. He instantly
collected all the Indians he could, and sent Capt. Caldwell with them
and a party of regulars, to surprise Major Crawford before he was joined
by Clark. He did so effectually, for he completely routed the party and
with broad boards or wooden shovels, would scoop up quantities
of live coals, or hot embers and cast them on him; so that in a
short time he had nothing but coals of fire or hot ashes to walk on!
In the midst of these excruciating tortures, Crawford called to
Girty, and begged him to shoot him; the brutal white savage mak-
ing no answer, he called again. Girty then, by way of derision,
told Crawford he had no gun; at the same time turning about to
an Indian who was behind him, he laughed heartily, and by all his
actions and gestures, seemed delighted at the horrid scene. Girty
then came up to Knight, and bade him prepare for death, and
swore a fearful oath that he need not expect to escape, but should
be burnt at the Shawanese town, and suffer death in all its ex-
tremities. Girty continued talking, but Knight was in too great
anguish and distress on account of the torments Crawford was
suffering before his eyes, as well as the expectation of undergoing
the same fate himself in two days, to make any answer to the
monster.
Crawford at this period of his suffering, besought the Al-
mighty to have mercy on his soul, spoke very low, and bore his
torments with the most manly fortitude. He continued in all the
extremities of pain, for an hour and three-quarters or two hours
longer, as near as Knight could judge; when at last being almost
spent, he lay down upon his stomach. The savages then scalped
him, and repeatedly threw the scalp into the face of Knight, say-
ing "he is your great captain." An old squaw, whose appearance
Knight thought every way answered the ideas people entertain
of the devil, then got a board, took a parcel of coals and ashes,
and laid them on his back and head.105 He then raised himself

took about 200 prisoners. The Indians gave over the prisoners to their
women, who instantly tomahawked every man of them with the most
horrid circumstances of barbarity."

July 17, 1782
“Exract of a letter from a gentleman at Quebec, to his friend at Edin¬burgh, dated July 17, 1782. ‘The resolutions of parliament to put an end to the American war, are, I am afraid, not transmitted to Canada, for the bloody butchery is still carrying on in the upper parts of this province. A Colonel Clark, commanding a large party of Americans in the illinois country, has been for some years meditating an attempt upon Fort Detroit, but hitherto has always been defeated by the vigilance and activity of the Indians. This year Clark had assembled about 4,000 men, and by late letters we have heard, that he was on his march to Detroit. He had ordered a Major Crawford to advance before his main body, with about 500 men, and they had actually reached St. Douskie, in the neighborhood of Detroit, when intelligence was brought to Major De Peyster, the commanding officer at the fort. He in¬stantly collected all the Indians he could, and sent a Mr. Caldwell, a young American, with them, and a party of regulars, to surprise Major Crawford, before he was joined by Clark; he did so effectually, for he completely routed the party, and took about two hundred prisoners. The Indians, who were the chief actors in this scene, gave over the prisoners to their women, who in¬stantly tomahawked every man of them with the most horrid circumstances of barbarity. It is unusual for the Indians to put their prisoners to death, but the Americans had this spring destroyed an Indian village, and put their women and children to the sword, for which inhuman act the indian nations are resolved to take full revenge, as Crawford and his party wofully experi¬enced.”—


Marshel to Irvine
No date.
Dear Sir: Your favor of the 18th, I have received. I am much surprised indeed at the account you have received form [John] Slover [pilot to the expedition against Sandusky]. The intelligence he have me was bad, but nothing equal to what he has reported to you. He told me that the Indians expeted we would carry another expedition against them this summer, and that, at their council, they had determinded on two expeditions, one of which was designed against Wheeling; the other, they were not fully determined whether this country or Kentucky should be the object; that, in the meantime, they would keep out spies on our frontier in order to watch our motions and take a prisoner to know our determination. He did not mention a word to me either of their number or of bringing artillery. He said the Indias informed him that the night our people left the field at Sandusky, ther were some British troops from Detroit within a few miles of them (I think seven); that they had two field pieces and one mortar. This I think is nearly what he told me on his arrival.
July 1783
Franz Gottlob, born 1752/1753, had been in the service 6 years and one month since he had enlisted in Werneck (Germany) in June 1777. He had served as a Grenadier in von Linsingen’s 4th Battalion. His status: “Deserted; Deserted to the Enemy”. JG

betw July 1783 and November 1789
(Franz Gotlop)unknown
Franz does not appear in lists of those taking the oath of allegiance to Pennsylvania.
In reading of the published church registers for Berks, Lancaster, and York Counties in Pennsylvania and published birth and baptismal records for churches in Bucks, Chester, Lebanon, Lehigh, and Northampton Counties in Pennsylvania and some for city of Philadelphia, I have found only:
JF
July 1783

July 1783: I want more evidence, but it looks like Francis Godlove/Franz Gottlob of Hardy and Hampshire Counties was the Johan Franz Gottlob who deserted in July 1783 from Mallet's Company of the Linsing Regiment of Hessian Grenadiers shortly before they left New York after the American War for Independence. This Franz Gottlob was born in Werneck, principality of Würzburg (now in Bavaria). The military records give his year of birth as variously 1751-1753. An 1805 court record says Francis of Hampshire County he was 61 at that time, so born 1744.

07/1783 Lee of William Robinson vs. Zachariah Connell with William McCormick ejectment. Also on jury: David Lindsy. Jury found for the dfdt. (4)
July 17, 1783
The 17th. News was received that 150 Hessian prisoners had been hired out for work by the Congress to the inhabitants in return for hard money, and that the inhabitants now demand thirty dollars for each man. Major Faesch,6 a German by birth, has thirty of them working in his iron mines. General Lossberg, who has commanded the Hessians since General Knyphausen returned to Hesse, has ordered those men redeemed who could be induced to return in exchange for the thirty dollars. Mean¬while, it is presumed that many a German soldier will remain hidden.7

July 1784: ‘Gilbert Simpson’s plantation or farm covered about 6oo of the 1,644 acres GW owned at Washington’s Bottom. Included on it were 152 acres of fenced meadow, “a good Dwelling House, Kitchen. Barn , Stable, and other necessary Buildings. ito bearing Apple Trees &c.” (GW’s advertise-ment, in Va. Journal, i~ July 1784).

July 17: 1793: Second of the three partitions of Poland takes place as Russia, Prussia and Austria divide this once proud kingdom home to one of Europe’s largest Jewish communities. As a result of the partitions, Russia, which had worked to remain Jew free would find itself home to millions of Jews.
1793: Poland switched hands a few times, going first to Prussia (1793) then briefly independent under Napoleon (1807-1815) and then to Russia (1815 - 1918). It may be that your ancestor saw how the situation was deteriorating in the region in the late 18th century and left for America..

Subject: Samuel Vance and Abner Vance
Author: Tim Vance
Date: Saturday, July 17, 1999
Classification: Query
Surnames: Vance Vause Howard Burnsides Elswick Helton Smith White Whited Kiser Kennedy

I visited a man today by the name of John Vance, this John Vance is a direct decendent of Samuel Vance & Sarah Colville. Samuel b. 1716, d. 1778. Sarah b. 1715, d. 1792.
This John Vance is the 4th great grandson of Samuel Vance, My Father was the 3rd Great Grandson of Abner Vance & Susannah Howard, Abner b. 1753-63, d. 1819. Susannah b. 1767, d. aft. 1850. This John Vance I visited today could be my Father's twin brother, they are definately related. I have no documented proof that Samuel Vance and Abner Vance were related, but I saw living proof of it today, two people with the same last name could not look so much alike and not be related. I believe that Samuel Vance was the Uncle to Abner Vance. Any clues about these relations would be most appreciated by everyone related to both Samuel & Abner Vance.
Tim Vance


July 17: 1815: In France, Napoleon surrenders at Rochefort, Charente-Maritime to British forces. Napoleon’s final defeat would lead him to permanent exile on St. Helena. His final defeat brought a wave of reaction as the remanants of the old regieme in France and Europe sought to regain their old power and undo the changes wrought by the French Revolution. This reactionary wave would have a negative effect on the Jewish people and would be one of the driving forces that led to next wave of Jewish immigration to the United States.
July 17, 1821: Andrew Jackson entered Pensacola received West Florida from Spain for the United States.
July 17, 1863: At Honey Springs, Indian Territory, now Oklahoma, the 1st Kansas

Sun. July 17, 1864
Got a letter from wildcat
answered it and wrote one home
get a photograph

July 17, 1865: Twenty-Fourth Infantry.

Wagoner Jas. A. Rollins, enlisted August 13, 1862, mustered out July 17, 1865.
Carl, H. L., enlisted August 15, 1862, mustered out July 17, 1865.
Crisman, F. A., enlisted March 9, 1864, mustered out July 17, 1865.
Scott, H. W. W., enlisted August 7, 1862, wounded April 8, 1864, mustered out July 17, 1865.
Brent, Theo. R., enlisted August 19, 1862, mustered out July 17, 1865.
Millitt, George S., enlisted August 22, 1862, mustered out July 17, 1865.
Neidig, Samuel, enlisted October 6, 1862, mustered out July 17, 1865.

THIS TEACHER FROM WILLIAMSBURG, IOWA AND TWO STUDENTS FROM WILLIAMSBURG SCHOOLS WERE PART OF THE CAST. THEY ARE PART OF THE 24TH IOWA INFANTRY RE-ENACTORS GROUP THAT MEETS IN CEDAR RAPIDS AND IS ACTIVE IN REENACTMENT SCHEDULING IN THE MIDWEST. HISTORICALLY, THE 22ND IOWA INFANTRY, 24TH IOWA INFANTRY AND 28TH IOWA INFANTRY WERE BRAIDED TOGETHER IN BATTLE. MEN FROM THE AREA SERVED IN ALL THREE REGIMENTS.
William T. Rigby;
Born in Red Oak Grove, Iowa, on November 3, 1841. He was appointed 2d Lieutenant in Company B, 24th Iowa Infantry on September 18, 1862 and was promoted to captain on October 2, 1863. He was mustered out as a captain on July 17, 1865. After the war he entered Cornell College (Iowa). He was a farmer for a number of years and in 1895 was appointed Secretary of the Vicksburg National Military Park Commission on March 1 1899 and was subsequently elected Chairman on April 15, 1902. Rigby served in that capacity as the 1st resident commissioner of Vicksburg National Military Park until his death in Vicksburg on May 10, 1929. Captain Rigby and his wife are intererred in the Vicksburg National Cemetery.
July 17, 1865: Henderson, Justus. Age 28. Residence Yatton, nativity Pennsylvania. Enlisted August 19, 1862.
Mustered September 4, 1862. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.

William Harrison Goodlove will visit Justus Henderson during the war. Samuel Goodlove/Godlove and Justus H**enderson are in the same regiment and enlist at about the same time, from the same town.


July 17, 1865: Goodlove, William H. Age 27. Residence Cedar Rapids, nativity Ohio. Enlisted December 30, 1863. Mustered December 30, 1863. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.

1862-1865 Civil War Service Record Union Soldier William R. Roberdee 24th Iowa Regiment. Here is the Union Soldier Service of William R. Roberdee and History of the 24th Iowa Volunteer Infantry published by and certified by the Regimental Annals Inc, Washington, D.C. (1916). Excerpts from the service record of William R. Roberdee include the following: "This regiment was organized from the 16th to the 28th of August 1862, at a camp designated as "Camp Strong" Muscatine, Iowa, where it was mustered into the United States service September 18, 1862." In addition, the service record includes the regiments assignment to different brigades and their armies as well as expeditions and skirmishes including the Vicksburg Campaign, Siege of Vicksburg, Battle of Fort Gibson, Campaign and Capture of Jackson, Natchez, Action at Bayou Bourbeau and Engagement near Grand Coteau (Carrion Crow Bayou), Battle of Sabine Cross Roads, Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign, as well as other battles, skirmishes, and marches with dates given. The record closes with the honorable service dates of William R. Roberdee who enlisted August 8, 1862 through his mustering out date of July 17, 1865. This book is seal stamped for authenticity and dated 1916. This is an official record and would make a great gift for someone who collects Civil War history items.

July 17, 1865: Post, Daniel L. Age 18. Residence Linn County, nativity New York. Enlisted Jan. 10, 1864. Mustered Jan. 28, 1864. Wounded severely Sept. 19, 1864, Winchester, Va. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.
July 17, 1865: William T. Rigby;
Born in Red Oak Grove, Iowa, on November 3, 1841. He was appointed 2d Lieutenant in Company B, 24th Iowa Infantry on September 18, 1862 and was promoted to captain on October 2, 1863. He was mustered out as a captain on July 17, 1865. After the war he entered Cornell College (Iowa). He was a farmer for a number of years and in 1895 was appointed Secretary of the Vicksburg National Military Park Commission on March 1 1899 and was subsequently elected Chairman on April 15, 1902. Rigby served in that capacity as the 1st resident commissioner of Vicksburg National Military Park until his death in Vicksburg on May 10, 1929. Captain Rigby and his wife are intererred in the Vicksburg National Cemetery.

July 17, 1865: Winans, David C. Age 19. Residence Springville, nativity Ohio. Enlisted August 7, 1862. Mustered September 3, 1862. Promoted Sixth Corporal June 20, 1864. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.

July 17, 1865: Winans, William B. Age 25. Residence Cedar Rapids, nativity Ohio. Enlisted December 6, 1863. Mustered January 9, 1864. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.

July 17, 1865: Gregg, Eligah W. Age 30. Residence Springville, nativity Ohio. Enlisted August 9, 1862. Mustered September 3, 1862. Promoted Seventh Corporal June 20, 1864. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.

July 17, 1865: Winans, Hiram W. Age 33. Residence Cedar Rapids, nativity Ohio. Enlisted Dec. 30, 1863. Mustered Dec. 30, 1863. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.

July 17, 1865: Hodgkins, Anson R. Age 24, Residence Springville, nativity Wisconsin, Enlisted August 8, 1862, as Fifth Sergeant. Mustered September 3, 1862. Wounded May 16, 1863, Champions’s Hill, Miss. Promoted First Sergeant Sept. 10, 1863; Second Lieutenant March 21, 1864. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.

July 17, 1865: Hunter, Franklin C. Age 18. Residence Linn County, nativity Ohio. Enlisted Jan. 4, 1864. Mustered Jan. 28, 1864. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.

July 17, 1865: Doudna, John V. Age 19. Residence Springville, nativity Ohio. Enlisted August 11, 1862. Mustered September 3, 1862. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.
July 17, 1865: Cookus, Joseph. Age 29. Residence Mt. Vernon, nativity Virginia.Enlisted August 7, 1862. Mustered September 3, 1862. Taken prisoner May 16, 1863, Champion’s Hill, Miss. Paroled. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.

July 17, 1865: Bundy, Joel. Age 23. Residence Springville, nativity Ohio. Enlisted August 11, 1862. Mustered September 3, 1862. Taken prisoner May 16, 1863 Champion’s Hill, Miss. Mustered out July 17, 1865, Savannah, Ga.
http://iagenweb.org/civilwar/books/logan/mil508.htm
Birth, February 12, 1839 in Ohio, Death: June 22, 1913. Occupation, ditcher. Burial Barclay, Osage County, Kansas. According to his grave stone, Joel Bundy was a member of Company h, 24th

July 27, 1865: Post, George w. Age 19. Residence Springville. Enlisted September 29, 1862. Mustered July 17, 1863. Mustered out July 1865, Savannah, Ga.

July 17, 1877:

Goodlove, W. M. (William M.)
Bellefontaine
Lodge No. 209
Initiated February 10, 1873
Passed December 1, 1873
Raised May 17, 1875
Dimitted June 25, 1877
Affiliated July 17, 1877
Susp. N.P.D. July 1, 1793
Reinstated December 3, 1895
Died December 26, 1915


July 17, 1916
President Wilson signs the Federal Farm Loan Act, establishing a banking system for loans to farmers.
On July 17, 1917, George appeased British nationalist feelings by issuing a royal proclamation that changed the name of the British royal house from the German-sounding House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha to the House of Windsor.[59] He and all his British relatives relinquished their German titles and styles, and adopted British-sounding surnames. George compensated his male relatives by creating them British peers. His cousin, Prince Louis of Battenberg, who earlier in the war had been forced to resign as First Sea Lord through anti-German feeling, became Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven, while Queen Mary's brothers became Adolphus Cambridge, 1st Marquess of Cambridge, and Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone.[60] George's cousins Princess Marie Louise and Princess Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein dropped their territorial designations.

King George V (right) and his physically similar cousin Emperor Nicholas II in German military uniforms in Berlin before the war.[61]

• July 17, 1936: 1936: The Spanish Civil War began as the armed forces, eventually to be led by Francisco Franco rose up against the recently elected Popular Front Government. Franco’s rebellious army was a fascist force and the received active help from both Mussolini and Hitler. Anti-fascist forces rallied to the support of the French Republicans. For reasons of their own, the French, British and U.S. governments provided no support to balance that being provided by Germany and Italy. While thousands of volunteers from these western countries took up the cause of the Republic, the Soviet Union was the only government to provide aide. And that aide helped to what had begun as a broad left-wing coalition into Communist dominated fighting force. The Left saw Spain as a place to stop the march of fascism. The Fascists saw Spain as an easy victory and testing ground for the weapons that they would later employ in World War II. One of the most famous volunteer groups supporting the Spanish Republicans was the Lincoln Brigade, a fighting force that had a disproportionately large Jewish Population. For a vivid, yet fictional picture of Jewish involvement in the Lincoln Brigade and left-wing causes in the 1930’s, read Davida’s Harp by Chaim Potok. The fascist victory in Spain, including the failure of the Western allies to act, emboldened Hitler and Mussolini while frightening Stalin. All three felt the West would never stand against the Germans and Italians. For Stalin, this meant signing a non-aggression with Hitler. For Hitler, this meant he had a green light to do as he pleased in Europe. For the Jews it meant that the Final Solution was one step closer to reality. Numerous historians consider the Spanish Civil War that broke out in July 1936 a prelude to World War II. Spain, with a population of 28 million, became a bloody battleground of conflicting forces, testing their arsenals in preparation for the battle of the giants that was to emerge shortly. Jews did not sit on the sidelines in this crucial contest. Jewish participation, as a matter of fact, was stunningly extensive. In 1987, at a 50th anniversary commemoration of the Spanish Civil War, Chaim Herzog, then president of Israel, stated: "There were people who realized just what a fascist victory in Spain would mean. Courageous men from many nations volunteered to help the Republicans. Among them were democrats, socialists, communists... Typically there was a relatively high number of Jews among the volunteers - the highest proportion of any other group... I salute them as comrades in arms in the war against the Nazis." Jewish participation in the Spanish Civil War offers a fascinating, relatively unknown, chapter of Jewish resistance to Nazi and fascist tyranny. Up to 25 percent of the fighters in the International Brigades were Jewish, whereas the total global Jewish population at the time did not exceed 4%. It is ironic that Jews even formed their own Jewish Brigade in Spain, which fought heroically in crucial battles 70 years ago for the freedom of the Spanish people that had expelled them from its midst. The Spanish Civil War attracted volunteers from about 55 countries who knew the dangers they were facing in that bloody conflict. Nevertheless, they came in substantial numbers to join the ranks of the Popular Front. Figures of participants differ. Ernest Hemingway claimed that "over 40,000 volunteers from 52 countries flocked to Spain between 1936 and 1939 to take part in the historic struggle between democracy and fascism known as the Spanish Civil War." The lowest estimate speaks of about 32,000, but one estimate is as high as 59,380. The largest contingents came from France (7,000), Poland (5,000), the US (3,000), Britain (between 2,000 and 4,000) and Russia (in the thousands). Despite the conspicuous presence of Jews in International Brigades, Jewish participation in the fighting has generally not been acknowledged. There could be various reasons for that. Firstly, Jews were usually registered under the name of the country they came from. Secondly, in some cases the Jews used aliases, concerned that their being Jewish might expose them to greater than usual dangers in a war against fascist elements. Lastly, Jewish community organizations that would eagerly underwrite research on Jews fighting against fascists and Nazis were hesitant to do so in the instance of the Spanish Civil War, since those joining would be counted as communists and fellow travelers. While it is true that two-thirds of the American Abraham Lincoln Brigade were communists, many Jews were not. One volunteer wrote: "I am as good an anti-fascist as any communist. I have reason to be. I am a Jew and that is the reason I came to Spain. I know what it means to my people if Fascism should win." Hyman Katz from New York did not tell his mother that he was determined to leave for Spain. When wounded, he decided to explain why he enlisted against her wishes. He wrote: "Don't you realize that we Jews will be the first to suffer if fascism comes?" Samuel Levinger from Columbus, Ohio, son of Rabbi Lee J. Levinger, was killed in battle at Brunette. Throughout the war, the father remained a loyal friend of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. In-depth research, especially in the last 10 years, has proven that the extent of Jewish presence in that crucial war was truly impressive. Though Jews were only 10% of the Polish population, 45% of the Polish volunteers - 2,250 out of 5,000 - were Jewish. Jews, 4% of the US population, formed 38% of its volunteers. In France, 0.5% of the population and 15% of the volunteers were Jews. Britain, with a Jewish population of 0.5%, had 11% to 22% Jewish volunteers. Palestine had a Jewish contingent of 500, 498 Jews and two Arabs. For some reason, Jews from Palestine were distributed among diverse national units. There were Palestinian Jews in the Hungarian "Rakosi" Battalion, in the French "Six Fevrier" Battalion and others. The most conspicuous Jewish presence in the Spanish Civil War emerged from a group called the "Naftali Botwin Company." Naftali Botwin, a 24-year-old Jewish radical, was executed in Poland in 1925 for assassinating a Polish Secret Service agent. The special Jewish company was formed in the Palafox Battalion of the Polish Dombrowsky Brigade in December 1937. The company issued a Yiddish newspaper. The orders were written in Yiddish. It had a distinct Jewish banner, and the last stanza of the company's hymn proudly proclaimed "...how Jewish Botwin soldiers drove out the fascist plague!" The Botwin group was the only one in which Jews fought as a distinct group. Hence it became the major symbol of Jewish presence in Spain. In general, the International Brigades were utilized by the Popular Front as shock troops in the most dangerous places that drew the heaviest casualties. The Botwin Company was no exception - 120 of its men were thrown into an assault at the battle of Estramadura, in the defense of Madrid; only 18 survived. The company's courage earned it the "Medalla de Valor" from the Spanish government. Whatever motives brought volunteers of the International Brigades to Spain, with the Jews the ideological motive was dominant. Many of them may have been socialists or communists, but they clearly perceived that simultaneously they were fighting a sworn enemy of the Jewish people. The Jewish-Zionist angle was no less significant than the socialist-communist. It is no coincidence that the first casualty of the International Brigades was Leon Baum from Paris, and the last casualty was Haskel Honigstern, who was given a state funeral in Barcelona. The Spanish poet Jose Herrera wrote of him: "Haskel Honigstern, Polish worker of the Jewish race, son of an obscure land, killed in the light of my homeland." It is also no coincidence that when Juan Negrin, head of the Republican government, announced in September 1938 the unilateral withdrawal of the International Brigades from Spain for diplomatic reasons, the Botwin Company formed the rear guard of the troops as they withdraw across the border into France. Jewish participation in the Spanish Civil War put to a lie the assertion that Jews are by nature "timid and non-combative... that Jews did not resist the Nazi murderers because... submission is in their national character." When the first shots of World War II were fired, in the prologue of that ghastly war, Jews were not only present in overwhelming numbers, but they incontrovertibly proved their heroism.

1936 Olympic Games: Anna Goodlove visits the United States Holocaust Museum in Washington D.C. In 1936, the Nazi’s hosted the Olympic games in Berlin.

July 17, 1938: Credible reports are circulating in Palestine that some of the attacks on Arabs are “merely part of Nazi intrigue to gain Arab sympathy and impair British prestige in the Near East.”

July 17, 1940: The Vichy French government issued orders prohibiting employment of aliens (Jews) not born in France. This is one more example of how eager those at Vichy were to serve their new Nazi comrades.

July 17, 1940
Vichy government regulations limit Civil Service employment to persons whose fathers are French. The regulations are not limited to Jews, but Jews are nevertheless a large proportion of those affected by the regulations.


July 17, 1942:The operation is resumed July 17 and goes on until 1 P.M., but with less success. By 5 P.M. the tally of arrests for the two days totals 12,884; 3,031 men, 5,802 women, and 4,051 children. The Prefecture instructs local police to continue their search for Jews not found at home during the raids; a police van will be sent to each of Pari’s six police divisions for several days to collect arrested Jews. A total of 8,160 Jews are held in the Vel d’Hiv (1,129 men, 2,916 women, 4115 children), and 4,992 single adults and couples without children or with grown children (1,989 men and 3,003 women) are interned at Drancy.

According to a report of the Prefecture of Police, Parisians openly express reproach “for these measures, which they consider inhumane.”

Rothke reports that Darquier de Pellepoix thinks it will be possible to place the 4,115 children in various institutions in Paris and its suburbs. Rothke’s aim is to prevent dispersal of the children in case Berlin accepts Dannecker’s proposal and it becomes possible to begin deporting them, perhaps August 4 or 5. Darquier’s solution is set aside in favor of keeping the children and parents together and moving them to the Pithiviers and Beaune-la-Rolande camps while awaiting Berlins’s decision. Rothke notes that “representatives of the French police have expressed many times the wish to see convoys toward Germany include shildren as well.” Novertheless, if parents and children cannot be deported together because Berlin fails to make an early decition or the children cannot immedieately be accepted to the East, it is understood that the parents will bedeported first. A negative decision on the children’;s deportation isn’t even considered; in the margin of his report Knochen note: “in my opinion [they] can be deported all the same after a decision of the RSHA,” the Main Office for State Security, in Berlin.

The French police representatives, who insistently voice support for deportation of the Jewish children with or without their parents, are led by Leguay, the Vichy police delegate, and the two leading Paris Police Prefecture officials on Jewish matters, Francois and Tulard.

Three considerations weigh in the French police officials’ demand that the children be deported, with their parents or after them.

First, the number of Jews arrested is far short of the German demands accepted by Bousqet and Laval. Between 20,000 and 22,000 arrests were anticipated, but the count of arrested adults in the agreed age ranges yields 8,833 potential deportees. To increase the number, the raids would have to be resumed, though they would be less effective because stateless Jews who escaped arrest would bwe on their guard. The SS expect their schedule for the dispatch of deportation trains to be respected; the French judge it best to give them a suitable number of Jewish heads by adding the 4,000 children. ‘The 13,000 total including the children will still be short of the 22,000 sought, but it will gain time and avert conflict with the Germans. It is clear that if the FGrench insist on deporting the children , the Gestapo will report it and Berlin will know in advance that there will be no official French opposition to the policy.

Second, failure to deport the children would involve the police and the Vichy administration in the material problems of their long term lodging, care and feeding, education, and legal staus. (However, for severlal days, the abomidable treatment of Jewish families in the Vel d’Hiv is proof of the negligence and incompetence of the French officials involved.)

For Leguay, Francois, and Tulard, it is absolutely necessary that the children be deported, If they are not, a problem will be created that will last for years. In addition, if one day the Germans are defeated, these children become adults will ask what has happened to their parents and will demand judgement of the French officials responsible for their disappearance.

The children must be deporteed, and quickly, so that French officials will be involved with them as briefly as possible. In the Loiret camps where the children will be sent, Leguay, Francolis, Tulard, and the Orleans Prefecture all have failed to make preparations for their arrival; nor, in a region that is one of France’s granaries, have they arranged sufficient food for them; nor do they concern themselves with proper hgygiene or health conditions, and many of these 4,000 children very quickly will become ill. Some will find their deaths here in the Loiret within a few weeks and will bhe buried in individual or common graves in local cemeteries. Finally, these officials will deliberately plunge these thousands of children into frightful emotional distress when they separate them from their mothers.

The third consideration that certainly musyt wigh in the French decision is a fear of public knowledge of the coming separation of families. Darquier’s proposal to send the children to shelters in Paris and its suburbs would make it necessary to separate children and parents at the Vel d’Hiv. There are terrible scenes ahead, and it will be less disagreeable to have them played out far away, hidden behind the barbed wire of the Loiret camps. Parisians will have no knowledge of these events, and their compassion for Jewish families will not be reinforced. On returneing home in the evening, Paris policemen will not be talking about the scenes of hysteria they provoke during the day. (When time comes to deport the mothers, French police at the Loiret camps, more or less isolated from the local population, will use their rifle bgutts to separate them from their children and pack them into sealed boxscars. It would be three weeks before boxcars would be sent for the children.)

On July 17, the French police representatives knoweingly and sysytematically sabotage any possibiltity that the children might be saved, including Darquier’s proposal that they be lodged in Paris area children’s homes. Darquier is fanatically anti-Jewish, but he shows more uneasiness at clamoring for the children’;s deportation than the police officials, who, seemingly little touched by anti-Semitic ideaology, surpass even Laval in their cowardice.

July 16-17, 1942: A total of 12,887 Jews of Paris are rounded up and sent to Drancy; in all, about 42,500 Jews are sent to Drancy from all over France during this Aktion.

Convoy 6, July 17, 1942

On Convoy 6 was Israel Gotlib, born December 3, 1905 and Josef Gotlib, born April 6, 1908 from Varsovie (Warsaw, Poland.)

Also on board Convoy 6 Israel Gotlieb born June 23, 1904 from Sosnowice, (13 miles southwest of Krakow, Poland.)

This convoy left the camp of Pithiviers with 809 and 119 women, a total of 938 deportees. A July 18 telex from the Kommando of the Nazi police of Orleans to the anti-Jewish section of the Paris Gestapo confirms this. It also specifies that among the deportees, 193 Jews (men and women) were sent by the Kommando of the Nazi police from Dijon, and and that the other 52 came from the Orleans Kommando itself. The telex adds that two original lists were given to the head of the convoy, Police Lieut. Schneider.

The list of names is almost completely illegible. It was typed on onionskin with a purple carbon, and the names are almost impossible to decipher. Family name, first name, place and date of birth, profession and city of residence are given. The spelling of names is extremely capricious. A majority of the deportees came from the Parisian area. The nationality is not specified, by the great majority were born in Poland.

The greatest age concentration was between 33 and 42 (550 out of 928 deportees). Adolescents between 16 and 22 were accompanied by their parents; there were 141 of them. There were even some young children, such as 12 year old Marie-Louise Warenbron, born in Paris on April 27, 1930, and Rebecca Nowodworkski, born in Luxemburg on September 13, 1928, who was not yet 14.

Most of the deported had just been arrested in the Occupied Zone and sent to Pithiviers. With this transport, Pithiviers and Beaunela-Rolande, the Loiret camps, were emptied, in preparation for the arrival of the 4,000 children and their parents who had been arrested in the infamous Paris roundups of July 16 and 17 and placed temporarily in the Velodrome d’Hiver, Vel d’Hiv, the large indoor witner sports stadium in Paris.

Two Gestapo documents concern this convoy: XXVb-65 of July 14 and the routine telex, XXVb-75, of July 17, sent from Paris by the anti-Jewish section of the Gestapo to Eichmann in Berlin, the Inspector of the camps at Oranienburg, and Commandant to Eichmann in Berlin, the Inspector of the camps at Oranienburg, and the Commandant of Auschwitz. This telex notes that a convoy left Pithiviers on July 17 at 6:15 AM, carrying 928 Jews, including 119 women.

When they arrived in Auschwitz on July 19, the 809 men received numbers 48880 through 49688; and the 119 women, numbers 9550 through 9668.

There were 45 survivors of this convoy in 1945.

July 17, 1942: Irmgard Gottlebe, Irmgard born Schorcht (Deutsche) born am October 3, 1912 in Goth-Sieblegen; Todesort: Bernburg, verstorben July 17,1942.

July 17, 1942: The 2,000 Jews from Holland reached Auschwitz. All but 449 were given their numbered tattoos. The 449 were gassed.

July 17, 1945: 1945: The Potsdam Conference opens in Potsdam, Germany. The leaders of the Big Three, Harry Truman, Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin with the aim of settling outstanding issues related to the end of World War II in Europe including the fate of conquered German and liberated Poland. It was the fist meeting between the U.S. President and the Soviet leader. It was the last meeting with Churchill who would be replaced during the conference the new Laborite Prime Minister Clement Atlee. For public consumption, it appeared that the war time Allies were committed to punishing Germany for its Nazi atrocities. The relations between Truman and Stalin soured from this time forward into what became the Cold War. An argument can be made that Truman’s decision to recognize Israel was a product of this Cold War environment.

July 17, 1950: After the arrests of Harry Gold and David Greenglass, Ethel's brother, Julius Rosenberg was arrested on July 17, 1950.

July 17, 1979: Jimmy Carter announces cabinet and senior staff changes.