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Jeff Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), Jefferson, LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), Washington, Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clark, and including ancestors William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Adams, John Quincy Adams and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Martin Van Buren, Teddy Roosevelt, U.S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison “The Signer”, Benjamin Harrison, Jimmy Carter, Robert E. Lee, Jefferson Davis, William Taft, John Tyler (10th President), James Polk (11th President)Zachary Taylor, and Abraham Lincoln.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://wwwfamilytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein
Birthdays on March 17:
Samuel H. Farrar
Debelia Kimball
Joseph T. Patterson
Amy Perius
Darnell E. Perius
Martha E. Yates
March 17, 45 BCE: Julius Caesar defeated the forces of Pompey at the Battle of Monad. Caesar’s victory put an end to the Pompeian attempt to rule Rome. Considering the way Pompey treated the Jews, Caesar’s victory was the preferable outcome.[1]
March 17, 180: Antonius Marcus Aurelius Emperor of Rome passed away at the age of 58. The author of Meditations was known as a wise philosopher-king. However, he had little use for the Jews. While traveling in Judea, he described the Jews as "Stinking and tumultuous." He reportedly expressed a preference for the Teutonic barbarians whom he was fighting on the border between Gaul and Germania.[2]
193 - 211 LUCIUS SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS (Roman Empire) http://www.jewishhistory.org.il/images/camera.gif
Numbered as one of the emperors friendly to the Jews. Part of his attitude was in response to the support he received from the Jewish communities in his war against Pescennius Niger, who had once told a Jewish delegation that he was sorry he couldn't tax the air they breathed. In spite of this, Severus forbade Jews from converting anyone to Judaism. Under his reign Jews could be appointed to public offices, but were exempt from those formalities which were contrary to Judaism. [3]
197 A.D.: “The blood of the martyrs is the seed of the church,” wrote a Roman named Tertullian, who became a Christian in 197.[4]
End of the Second Century: Two hundred thousand people called themselves Christians.[5] There was no official New Testament. The early Christians fervently embraced a myriad of scriptures, very few of which would be recognized as Christian theology today, and many that advocated what most contemporary Christians would deem heretical. Because many early Christians were pagan converts, some Christian sects believed in multiple gods-two, twelve, thirty.[6]
200 A.D.: The name "Vance"
Establishing the history of an ancient family is often best accomplished by tracing the name. Vance has progressed through history from Baux, Vaux, de Vallibus, Vans, and finally to Vance.
The barbaric Goths
Historians of France and England are reasonably certain the Vances are descendants of the Baltic Goth tribes of northern Europe. The Goth people were known to have lived on the shores of the Baltic Sea before the birth of Christ.
The Goths lived somewhat peacefully in their northern homes, tending their crops with the help of slaves captured in war, until about 200 ad when they became war-like and began to migrate south into Europe. Their history as they marched across Europe was little else than a record of barbarian slaughter and pillage.[7]
200 C.E.
Around 200 E.E. a rabbi known a s Judah the Prince collected and edited the oral law into a text that became known as the Mishnah. The Mishnah preserved just the oral law, without providing citations from the scriptures to explain the law. [8] The Rabbinic corpus in the Land of Israel and the east remained oral for a considerable period of time, hence the designation, even today, of this corpus as the Oral Law despite the fact that it is written down. The Mishnah, the earliest rabbinic corpus, was not published until about 200 C.E. but written down only much later.[9]
200 - 275 SIMEON BEN LAKISH (Resh Lakish) (Eretz Israel)
Studied under Judah HaNasi and was known for his mental and physical prowess. According to the Talmud, he had once been a gladiator and was brought back to Judaism by Johanan bar Nappaha. He was outspoken and very independent. He viewed the story of Job as a moral creation or parable, and the names of the angels as being of Persian rather than Jewish origin. [10]
The Ark of the Covenant had been lost for more than a millennium when this third-century carving was made. But the essential idea of the covenant has never been lost: a mutually binding relationship between God and humankind.[11]
scan0012
The priesthood of Aaron, the Ark of the Covenant, and sacrificial animals are depited in this Dura-Europos fresco dating from the third century C.E. By this time, however, synagogue worship had irrevocably supplanted the sacrificial cult.[12]
3rd Century: But Saturn also had a less benevolent aspect. Another of his consorts was Lua, sometimes called Lua Saturni ("Saturn's Lua") and identified with Lua Mater, "Mother Destruction," a goddess in whose honor the weapons of enemies killed in war were burned, perhaps as expiation.[67] Saturn's chthonic nature connected him to the underworld and its ruler Dis Pater, the Roman equivalent of Greek Plouton (Pluto in Latin) who was also a god of hidden wealth.[68] In 3rd-century AD sources and later, Saturn is recorded as receiving dead gladiators as offerings (munera) during or near the Saturnalia.[69] These gladiatorial events, ten days in all throughout December, were presented by the quaestors and sponsored with funds from the treasury of Saturn.[70] The practice of gladiatorial munera was criticized by Christian apologists as a form of human sacrifice.[71] Although there is no evidence of this practice during the Republic, the offering of gladiators led to later theorizing that the primeval Saturn had demanded human victims. Macrobius says that Dis Pater was placated with human heads and Saturn with sacrificial victims consisting of men (virorum victimis).[72] The figurines that were exchanged as gifts (sigillaria) may have represented token substitutes.[73]
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http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.18/common/images/magnify-clip.png
Roman disc in silver depicting Sol Invictus (from Pessinus in Phrygia, 3rd century AD)
The Neoplatonic philosopher Porphyry, however, took an allegorical view of the Saturnalia. He saw the the festival's theme of liberation and dissolution as representing the "freeing of souls into immortality"—an interpretation that Mithraists also may have followed, since they included a significant number of slaves and freedmen.[74] According to Porphyry, the Saturnalia occurred near the winter solstice because the sun enters Capricorn, the astrological house of Saturn, at that time.[75] In the Saturnalia of Macrobius, the proximity of the Saturnalia to the winter solstice leads to an exposition of solar monotheism,[76] the belief that the Sun (see Sol Invictus) ultimately encompasses all divinities as one. Perceived relations among the Mithraic mysteries, the Dies Natalis of Sol Invictus (the "Birthday of the Unconquered Sun") on December 25, and the Christian Nativity as celebrated in December are a matter of longstanding and complex scholarly debate.
The Mishna and Talmud (Avodah Zara 8a) describe a pagan festival called Saturna which occurs 8 days before the winter solstice. It is followed 8 days after the solstice with a festival called Kalenda. The Talmud ascribes the origins of this festival to Adam, who saw that the days were getting shorter and thought it was punishment for his sin. He was afraid that the world was returning to the chaos and emptiness that existed before creation. He sat and fasted for 8 days. Once he saw that the days were getting longer again he realized that this was the natural cycle of the world, so made 8 days of celebration. The Talmud states that this festival was later turned into a pagan festival.[77][78][13]
March 17, 461: On this day in 461 A.D., Saint Patrick, Christian missionary, bishop and apostle of Ireland, dies at Saul, Downpatrick, Ireland.
Much of what is known about Patrick's legendary life comes from the Confessio, a book he wrote during his last years. Born in Great Britain, probably in Scotland, to a well-to-do Christian family of Roman citizenship, Patrick was captured and enslaved at age 16 by Irish marauders. For the next six years, he worked as a herder in Ireland, turning to a deepening religious faith for comfort. Following the counsel of a voice he heard in a dream one night, he escaped and found passage on a ship to Britain, where he was eventually reunited with his family.
According to the Confessio, in Britain Patrick had another dream, in which an individual named Victoricus gave him a letter, entitled "The Voice of the Irish." As he read it, Patrick seemed to hear the voices of Irishmen pleading him to return to their country and walk among them once more. After studying for the priesthood, Patrick was ordained a bishop. He arrived in Ireland in 433 and began preaching the Gospel, converting many thousands of Irish and building churches around the country. After 40 years of living in poverty, teaching, traveling and working tirelessly, Patrick died on March 17, 461 in Saul, where he had built his first church.
Since that time, countless legends have grown up around Patrick. Made the patron saint of Ireland, he is said to have baptized hundreds of people on a single day, and to have used a three-leaf clover--the famous shamrock--to describe the Holy Trinity. In art, he is often portrayed trampling on snakes, in accordance with the belief that he drove those reptiles out of Ireland. For thousands of years, the Irish have observed the day of Saint Patrick's death as a religious holiday, attending church in the morning and celebrating with food and drink in the afternoon. The first St. Patrick's Day parade, though, took place not in Ireland, but the United States, when Irish soldiers serving in the English military marched through New York City in 1762. As the years went on, the parades became a show of unity and strength for persecuted Irish-American immigrants, and then a popular celebration of Irish-American heritage. The party went global in 1995, when the Irish government began a large-scale campaign to market St. Patrick's Day as a way of driving tourism and showcasing Ireland's many charms to the rest of the world. Today, March 17 is a day of international celebration, as millions of people around the globe put on their best green clothing to drink beer, watch parades and toast the luck of the Irish.[14]
465 A.D.: Council of Vannes, Gaul prohibited the Christian clergy from participating in Jewish feasts.[15]
March 17, 1654: Alexis Mikhailovich, the second Romanov Czar, issued an edict today instructing “a party of Lithuanian Jews to proceed from Kaluga to Nijni-Novgorod” under the protection of an “escort of twenty sharpshooters.” Read more: http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=1178&letter=A&search=Czar%20Alexis%20I#ixzz1GhwP8x13 [16]
March 1700: Preliminary negotiations took place in 1698 and 1699, but these were to some degree frustrated by the intervention of the English, who sought to keep the Iroquois from negotiating directly with the French. After another successful attack into Iroquoia in early 1700, these attempts at intervention failed. The first conference between the French and Iroquois was held on Iroquois territory at Onondaga in March 1700. [17]
March 17, 1718/19 Further proved by Elianor Harrison, executrix.
Page 55: original pages 102-103 Andrew Harrison late of Parish of St. Mary. Inventory. June 2, 1719. Made pursuant to order of March 17, 1718/19. Total valuation L113.13.10 1/2, including two Negroes valued at L58 and one white servant at L10. Signed by Elianr. (X) Harrison.
Jno. Ray
John Catlett Jun.
Robt. Kay
Andrew Harrison and his association with Richard Long and Samuel Elliott.
Essex County, Virginia, Records, Deeds and Wills #12, 1704-1707.abstracted and compiled by John Frederick Dorman, Washington, D.C. 1963.
(3)
March 17, 1718:
The Will OF ANDREW HARRISON of St Mary ‘a Parish, Essex County,
Virginia, was dated April 28, 1718; proved in Essex’ County Court,
November 18, 1718, December 16, 1718 and March 17, 1718 (1718-19).
“Being grown very aged. & at this time, sick & weak in body, but in perfect sense and memory—” After the usual expressions of Christian faith in the atonement and resurrection, and the committal of his body to the ground at the discretion of his executors, provision? for the payment of. debts and funeral charges, he disposed of his estate as follows: Wife, Eleanor Harrison is named as executrix; son Andrew Harrison, and son-in-law. Gabriel Long are named as trustees and overseers to assist her in carrying out the provisions of the will; he ratifies former gifts of land to three of his children, viz, son William Harrison, 270. acres; son Andrew Harrison. 200 acres, and daughter Elizabetli, 200 acres, “all of which
lands, they are now possessed, and which I now give to them & theirs forever.’? * lie refers to having put into the hands Of William Stanard, bills of exchange for Sixty five pounds, twelve shillings and Six pence, sterling, with which said Stanard is to buy two negroes for said Harrison; the use of these two negroes,. or that money, to testator’s wife~ during life or widowhood, and after her decease, the negroes or the money to daughter Margaret Long ‘a three youngest sons, viz: Richard; Gabriel, and: William (Long), to be given and equally divided between them and their heirs as soon as they are 21 years old. * If wife dies before either of the three mentioned Long children come of age, then testator’s son in law, Gabriel Long, to have use thereof, until that ~specified time, and for the use’’. thereof, he is to give the said three Long children ‘schooling, that is to teach them to read & write & cast aecount4’~ daughter
Margaret Long, after the death of testator’s wife, a servant boy named
Richard Bradley, “till he comes of age of one & twenty years”; also to
Margaret, at the time specified, a “featherbed, bolster, pillow, rug and blankets”; son William, after decease of testator’s wife, a “ feather bed, bedstead, and all furniture belonging thereto, my own chest and all my wearing apparel and the cloth which I have to make ~my clothing, and my riding saddle”; “to my son William” after the decease of the testator ‘s wife, an “oval table”, a “large iron pot”; to son Andrew, after the decease of testator’s wife, “a feather bed, bolster, pillows, and furniture belonging thereto; a large iron pot;” residue of estate, personal & movable, after wife’s death, to be equally divided among testator ‘s four children, Viz: “William, Andrew, Elizabeth, and Margaret “.
- His
Witnesses: (Signed) Andrew A. II. Harrison
Mark
John Ellitt
William-X-Davison
Mary-X~Davison[18]
i. March 1730: Robert Vance, b. March 1730, Abingdon, Washington, VA, USA128, d. 1818, Allegheny, PA, USA128. [19]
March 1759: In March 1759 Daniel McKinnon advertised that he was divorcing his former wife, Ruth, because she bore an adulterous cfhild in March 1759, begotten about the beginning of June 1758 while he was in Great Britain.[20]
Maryland appears to have had no divorce law prior to the Constitution of 1851 and the March 1759
publication in the Maryland Gazette is considered by some as a divorce(61). It should be noted that no
other information has been located for Ruth McKinnon (wife of Daniel) in the records Anne Arundel
County or any place the McKinnon family was located after 1759. [21]
March 1759: George Allen. Appointed Indian Agent at Fort Pitt in March 1759. He was a trader and keeper of the first account ledger kept in Fort Pitt preserved today—dated 1759.[22]
March 17: 1762: The first St. Patrick’s Day Parade is held in New York City. The parade was organized by Irish soldiers serving in the British Navy. “Corned beef and cabbage is the traditional meal enjoyed by many on St. Patrick's Day, but only half of it is truly Irish. Cabbage has long been a staple of the Irish diet, but it was traditionally served with Irish bacon, not corned beef. The corned beef was substituted for bacon by Irish immigrants who came to America and who could not afford the real thing i.e. bacon. According to one version of this tale, the Irish immigrants learned about the cheaper alternative, corned beef, from their Jewish neighbors.” Are we to believe that traif bacon gave way to kosher Corned Beef? Only in America![23]
March 1765: After months of protest, Parliament voted to repeal the Stamp Act in March 1765.
Most colonists quietly accepted British rule until Parliament's enactment of the Tea Act in 1773, which granted the East India Company a monopoly on the American tea trade. Viewed as another example of taxation without representation, militant Patriots in Massachusetts organized the "Boston Tea Party," which saw British tea valued at some 10,000 pounds dumped into Boston harbor. Parliament, outraged by the Boston Tea Party and other blatant destruction of British property, enacted the Coercive Acts, also known as the Intolerable Acts, in the following year. The Coercive Acts closed Boston to merchant shipping, established formal British military rule in Massachusetts, made British officials immune to criminal prosecution in America, and required colonists to quarter British troops. The colonists subsequently called the first Continental Congress to consider a united American resistance to the British.
With the other colonies watching intently, Massachusetts led the resistance to the British, forming a shadow revolutionary government and establishing militias to resist the increasing British military presence across the colony. [24]
March 1766: Most Americans called for a boycott of British goods, and some organized attacks on the customhouses and homes of tax collectors. After months of protest, and an appeal by Benjamin Franklin before the British House of Commons, Parliament voted to repeal the Stamp Act in March 1766. However, the same day, Parliament passed the Declaratory Acts, asserting that the British government had free and total legislative power over the colonies.[25]
March 1768
In March 1768, a delegation representing the colonial government of Pennsylvania met with Youghiogheny settlers at Christopher Gist’s home. The delegation meant to persuade the settlers to abandon their lands, because their settlement was illegal. Lawrence Harrison, typical of the Virginian settlers, resisted Pennsylvania’s claim to sovereignty. Lawrence Harrison lived on a tomahawk claim. He did not intend to give up his home. The Indian trader George Croghan[26] noted in his journal that during the 1768 meeting at Gist’s, Lawrence Harrison “treated the law and our government with too much disrespect.” Three years after that meeting, Lawrence Harrison became the first Supervisor for Tyrone Township, in the newly created Pennsylvania County called Bedford.
Both Lawrence Harrison and Charles Harrison lived near Stewart’s Crossings in the frontier country that Pennsylvania first placed under jurisdiction of Cumberland County, then Bedford County, later Westmoreland County, and finally Fayette County. Virginia considered Stewart’s Crossings to be within Augusta County, later West Augusta District, and finally Yohogania County.
A community of English Colonials, Ulster Scots, Highlanders, and Germans pioneered the land near Youghiogheny, where it was said that “every settler was a warrior.” For nearly two decades, including the years of the Revolution, Youghiogheny settlers drove Indians off the land, and quarreled with competing Pennsylvanian and Virginian jurisdictions. A discussion of the merits of claims of several tribes of Indians to the land near the forks of the Ohio, and of the governments of Virginia and Pennsylvania, is a complex matter, well beyond the scope of this study.
March 17, 1769: Executing leases to those who had taken lots being at Capt. Ashby’s.[27]
March 17, 1770; Returned with Mr. West to Mr. Triplet’s to settle the lines of Harrison’s patent.[28]
March 1775: Rebellious Whigs in control of the provincial assembly had begun recruiting troops by March 1775, leading to a struggle for control of the colony's military supplies.[2] Under orders from John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, the royal governor of Virginia, British troops removed gunpowder from the colonial storehouse in Williamsburg, alarming the Whigs that dominated the colonial legislature.[3][29]
March 1775
That early in the month of March 1775 this affiant enlisted as a volunteer rifleman for one year under Captain Hugh Stephenson[30] at Shepherdstown, then in Berkley, now Jefferson County Virginia and that he marched from thence as well as he recollects on the 10th or 11 day of the same month in Stephensons Company to the siege of Boston, passing through Frederick Town Maryland passin through Little your Lanhaster & Bethlehem PA crossed the Delaware at Easton the Susquehannah at Wrights ferry, passd through Newjersey throu Hartford Connecticut and remaind at Roxbury near Boston remaind there about eight months when early in March our company marchd from Roxbury & we took our station in the night on Dorchester point near Dorchester hight where we were not discovered by the enemy until about day brake next morning, by which time we had by the hard labour and great exertion of a strong…trenching party and by all means in our power requisite to screen our selves as much as we could against an…attack of the enemy in the morning. This was so far effected that night, that it was not in the power of the eney to dislodge us from our position although they made great exertions to do so (to the best of my recollection, fierd on us…(our fortifications sudenly erected) (a brisk fire of cannon the first morning, from their fleet, fortifications floating batteries Blakhouses) more profusely than at any timeI recollect of, during the siege of Boston.[31]
March 1775: Patrick Henry was elected to the First Continental Congress in 1774 and quickly became the group's most outspoken member. As a member of the Second Continental Congress, Henry attended the Second Virginia Convention to show solidarity with Bostonians suffering under British military occupation in March 1775. [32]
March 17, 1775: The Cherokee Indians sign the Treaty of Sycamore Shoals, selling their land in Kentucky to the Transylvania Company.[33]
March 1776: In the Spring of 1776 early in March (March 1776), he with sd. Company were sent from Roxbury…Dorchester Point (as we then called) it which was still nearer Boston & in front of the fortification on the hights, which had in one night been erected and so near the chanel through which I think two vessels attempted to pass that one of them at leat ran a ground in shallow water to keep at a greater distance from the brisk fire from our fortification erected in one night. The British also kept up a hevy fire but did not anoy us much as our troops worked hard in the night to save ther lives in the morning. We had dug so deep that we were not in Great danger from their artillery. From Dorchester hights Capt. Stephensons company was sent to New York City where he this affiant states the company remain’d a few weeks from thence he with said company were sent to & stationd. On Staten Island where he remaind until he was discharged after having srvd out the full time for which he was Inlisted. Was in no General Engagement but in Skirmishes in one of which on Staten Island this affiant in company with 25 others William Hanshaw, George Scott Samuel Finley& Abaham Shepherd. The first named did not remain long with the company at Boston but came home. We were under Genl. George Washington from whom our captain I think generally received his instructions. Our captain was his intimate friend and companion at home in privet life in Berkly County Virginia ther attachment did not appear to diminish in times of war. We wer attached to no Regiment but[34] Our captain I think Generally received his order or directions from Genl. Washington himselfe Whos head quarters were then as I believe at r near Cambridge and it was near Cambridge Collage
Near Cambridge College by the river where Captain Stephensons VA Regiment of Sharpshooters made a “Bee line for Boston” and were greeted by a tearful George Washington.
…that our company first saw him and presented their arms to him as he slowly rode by us looking attentively and affectionately at the solders of the oldest company &first in rank rank of Captains from his native State when he Shook hands with our captain…it was said they both shed tears. We thence marchd to Roxbury. I…within reach of British cannon…from time to time and almost dayly the British feird ther cannon & mortars at us. We or the privet soldiers with of M Company with me were exposed to ther fire. Had no Brst work to protect our hose, we lay and slept with our heads towars the British cannon this beingthe safest position, as a cannon Bal would do less execution in this way than if we lay across their fire. Our captain in the Spring of 76 got as we were told appointed Colonel left us on Statten Island and returnd home to proceed to recruit and organize a regiment but he unfortunate got sick & died before he had the satisfaction of accom;lishing this undertakin. His fate had a considerable bearing on my own as he had Signified to me that young as I was,, then between 18 and 19 I had as well accept a corporals place, that his men should rise in relation on that account and to be relivd from standing sentry two hours at a time in the cold marshes near Boston in the coldest of winter wether. I acted as Corporal, and in the following June was informd…by Lieut. Wm. Kelly that I was appointed an Ensign that I was to belong to the same company with him…in S. Stephenses Regiment.
After I had servd out the year that I had first Inlisted for I Continued with the army about 3 or 4 weeks as well as I can now recollect. Had to leave Statten Island by flight from the British army. They had pitched their tents near the watering place before Joseph Swearingen and my selfe left it we forced a negro boy into a ship with us in haste rechd the Jersy shore before the enemy Could overtake us but had to leave the most of clothing on the Island, they wer never recoverd by us. British troops were near us Scouring the Island and Serching for us, and from that time I think during kept possession of it to during the war.
New Jersey & Hartford Connecticut, and remain at Roxbury near Boston near eight months. When we march to New York City and from there went to Staten Island where I remained until he he was discharged having servd the full time for which he was inlisted, was in no General ingagement this first year but was much exposed to the almost daily fire of the Brittish artiliery, & all the time he was at [36]
March 1776
In March of 1776, Richard Stephenson, Jr. made his will and its settlement began about April of that year. Thus, we understand that he too, did not live long after his will was made. Our William Crawford (who had already moved across the Alleghenies) [37]
March 17, 1776: Siege of Boston - April 19, 1775 - March 17, 1776.[38]
March 1776: At the siege of Boston in March 1776, Greene was assigned to General Washington's brigade and a lifelong friendship between the two men began. Shortly after several American losses in and around New York in the summer and fall of 1776, Greene was promoted to major general of the Continental Army under Washington. [39]
March 17, 1776: The eight-year British occupation of Boston ended when British troops evacuated the city and sailed to the safety of Halifax, Nova Scotia.The victory at Boston resulted in John Thomas' promotion to major general; soon after, he was assigned to replace General Richard Montgomery, who was killed in action as he and Benedict Arnold attempted to take Quebec. [40]
March 17, 1776
On March 17, 1776, St. Patricks Day, the British presence in Boston ended after 145 years. General Washington had won his first victory. [41] On Evacuation Day, British troops, government officials, and loyalists sail out of Boston Harbor, never to return.[42]
March 1777: When a large draft of Hessian recruits mustered in Holland in March 1777, a number of sick, and lame men were found among the so1dier Some of these were returned home via Coble: without ever having left Europe. Thirty-seven were between the ages of 50 and 60, six had only one eye, four were weak and thin, one had no nose, and was lame from an ankle wound and could not march. [43]
March 1778: The French ambassador in London announced that a treaty of friendship and commerce had been concluded between France and the new United States of America. Lord North was anxious to resign power into stronger hands, and begged the king to receive Chatham as his prime minister. The king would not hear of it. He would have nothing to say to that perfidious man unless he would humble himself to enter the ministry as North's subordinate. Chatham naturally refused to do anything of the kind, and his death in the course of the year relieved the king of the danger of being again overruled by too overbearing a minister. England was now at war with France, and in 1779 she was also at war with Spain.
George III was still able to control the disposition of office. He could not control the course of events. His very ministers gave up the struggle as hopeless long before he would acknowledge the true state of the case. Before the end of 1779, two of the leading members of the cabinet, Lords Gower and Weymouth, resigned rather than bear the responsibility of so ruinous an enterprise as the attempt to overpower America and France together. Lord North retained office, but he acknowledged to the king that his own opinion was precisely the same as that of his late colleagues.
, March 1778: Greene succeeded Thomas Mifflin as quartermaster general in March 1778. [44]
The year 1780 saw an agitation rising in the country for economical reform, an agitation very closely though indirectly connected with the war policy of the king. The public meetings held in the country on this subject have no unimportant place in the development of the constitution. Since the presentation of the Kentish petition in the reign of William III there had been from time to time upheavings of popular feeling against the doings of the legislature, which kept up the tradition that parliament existed in order to represent the nation. But these upheavings had all been so associated with ignorance and violence as to make it very difficult for men of sense to look with displeasure upon the existing emancipation of the House of Commons from popular control. The Sacheverell riots, the violent attacks upon the Excise Bill, the no less violent advocacy of the Spanish War, the declamations of the supporters of Wilkes at a more recent time, and even in this very year the Gordon riots, were not likely to make thoughtful men anxious to place real power in the hands of the classes from whom such exhibitions of folly proceeded. But the movement for economical reform was of a very different kind. It was carried on soberly in manner, and with a definite practical object. It asked for no more than the king ought to have been willing to concede. It attacked useless expenditure upon sinecures and unnecessary offices in the household, the only use of which was to spread abroad corruption amongst the upper classes. George III could not bear to be interfered with at all, or to surrender any element of power which had served him in his long struggle with the Whigs. He held out for more than another year.
On March 17, 1778, four days after a French ambassador informed the British government that they had officially recognized the United States as an independent nation with the signing of The Treaty of Alliance and The Treaty of Amity and Commerce, England declared war on France directly engaging them in the American Revolutionary War.[9][45]
March 1782: After the Siege of Yorktown.[28] When news of this reached London that the government of Lord North fell in March 1782 and Great Britain sued for peace terms.[46]
.March 1797: In 1796, Jackson joined a convention charged with drafting the new Tennessee state constitution and became the first man to be elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Tennessee. Though he declined to seek reelection and returned home in March 1797, he was almost immediately elected to the U.S. Senate. Jackson resigned a year later and was elected judge of Tennessee's superior court. He was later chosen to head the state militia, a position he held when war broke out with Great Britain in 1812. [47]
March 17, 1808: The Infamous Decree (decret infame) of Napoleon canceled all debts owed to Jews by those serving in the military or by women if it was signed without the approval of their husbands or parents. It also abolished freedom of trade of the Jews by forcing them to acquire permits (which were almost never given) from the local prefects, and it prevented Jews from settling in the area of the Upper and Lower Rhine.[48]
March 17, 1808: Establishment of the Central Consistory of French Jews.[49]
March 17, 1814 William Henry Harrison was promoted to Captain during The War of 1812. [50]
March 17, 1832: John STEPHENSON. Born on January 7, 1765 in Frederick County, Virginia. John died in Kentucky on March 17, 1832; he was 67. Buried in Concord Cemetery, Kentucky.
John first married Elizabeth MOORE. Born on March 19, 1773. Elizabeth died on July 6, 1812; she was 39.
They had the following children:
10 i. Elizabeth (1796-1852)
ii. Mariah.
Mariah married Thomas CALVERT.
iii. Sally.
Sally married Asher COX.
11 iv. Eliza T. (1811-1847)
On March 4, 1813 when John was 48, he second married Alice “Alsey”. Born in 1771. Alice “Alsey” died in Kentucky on September 19, 1846; she was 75. Buried in Concord Cemetery, Kentucky.
They had the following children:
i. Presley L.
ii. James F.
iii. Edward.
iv. Julia Ann.
Julia Ann married Clifton CALVERT. [51]
March 17, 1838: Voluntary removal
The Treaty provided a two-year grace period for Cherokees to willingly emigrate to Indian Territory. A number of Cherokees (mostly members of the Ridge faction) accepted government funds for subsistence and transportation. Many travelled as individuals or families, but there were several organized groups:
Robert B. Vann, leader; 133 persons; left December 1, 1837; arrived March 17, 1838.[52]
May 17, 1841: Treasury Secretary Thomas Ewing reported to Harrison that federal funds were in such trouble that the government could not continue to operate until Congress' regularly scheduled session in December; Harrison thus relented, and on March 17 proclaimed the special session in the interests of "the condition of the revenue and finance of the country." The session was scheduled to begin on May 31.[72][73][53]
March 17, 1861: The Kingdom of Italy is proclaimed. The ghetto walls came tumbling down and the Jews were fully emancipated. Jews played an active part in the creation of the modern Italian state and they enjoyed a level of social and legal acceptance that was second only to that enjoyed by the Jews of Great Britain.[54]
Thurs. March 17, 1864
Marched through iberie – camped at camp
Pratt. Nice lake on the tash 4 miles west
Of Iberia – large level prairie. Drove in a drove of cattle ponys and sheep[55]
William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary, 24th Iowa Infantry
March 17, 1864: As finally agreed, Banks was to move up Bayou Teche with 17000 troops and link up at Alexandria on March 17 with 10,000 Sherman would send up the Red river. Steele was to advance south from Little Rock with 15,000 and join Banks at Alexandria, Natchitoches, or Shreveport, as seemed best. (As it turned out, Steele was so late starting that he played no part in the operations.)
To oppose this concentric advance Kirby Smith had 30,000 troops in his Trans-Miss. Dept. that were divided into three equal groups: T. H. Holmes was near Camden, Ark.; Magruder was along the Tex. Coast; and Richard Taylor was in La. Taylor’s forces were disposed as follows: J. F. Walker’s division of three brigades and with three attached cavalry companies was located around Marksville, with covering forces in the direction of Simsport and 200 men detached to reinforce the artillery garrison of Fort De Russy. Mouton’s newly-created division of two brigades (Henry Gray and Polignac) was posted below Alexandrea when Taylor learned of the Federal advance. Vincent’s 2d La. Cav. Was on the Teche around Vermillionville, except for the three companies with Walker. The task force Sherman sent to Banks was composed of the division of J. A. Mower, W. F. Lynch, and T. Kilby Smith. A. J. Smith commanded this 10,000 man provisional organization, which is variously referred to in accounts as the “detachment from the Army of the Tennessee,” “XVI and XVII Corps, “ etc. It will be called A. J. Smith’s corps or command in the following narrative.[56]
March 17, 1874: The grandson of the politically liberal but religiously orthodox Chief Rabbi of Hungary, Wise was born in Budapest on March 17, 1874. Like his grandfather, Wise was a committed humanitarian. In his autobiography he wrote, "I was born into the in-many-ways brave postwar liberalism of the mid-nineteenth century of my adoptive country." And he remained, "an unshakable liberal" throughout his life. As a young rabbi in Portland, Oregon, his political convictions led him to fight for the introduction of a new child labor law, to speak out on behalf of striking workers, and later to become a vocal supporter of Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal. The president's plan he said, "served the American people by daring to use America's resources for all its people."
But perhaps Wise's strongest political commitment was to the establishment of a Jewish state. He attributed this to his father and to his first encounter with Theodor Herzl, the founder of modern Zionism. [57]
March 17, 1883: Queen Victoria fell down some stairs at Windsor, which left her lame until July; she never fully recovered and was plagued with rheumatism thereafter.[158] Brown died 10 days after her accident, and to the consternation of her private secretary, Sir Henry Ponsonby, Victoria began work on a eulogistic biography of Brown.[159] Ponsonby and Randall Davidson, Dean of Windsor, who had both seen early drafts, advised Victoria against publication, on the grounds that it would stoke the rumours of a love affair.[160] The manuscript was destroyed.[161] In early 1884, Victoria did publish More Leaves from a Journal of a Life in the Highlands, a sequel to her earlier book, which she dedicated to her "devoted personal attendant and faithful friend John Brown".[162] On the day after the first anniversary of Brown's death, Victoria was informed by telegram that her youngest son, Leopold, had died in Cannes. He was "the dearest of my dear sons", she lamented.[163] The following month, Victoria's youngest child, Beatrice, met and fell in love with Prince Henry of Battenberg at the wedding of Victoria's granddaughter Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine to Henry's brother Prince Louis of Battenberg. Beatrice and Henry planned to marry, but Victoria opposed the match at first, wishing to keep Beatrice at home to act as her companion. After a year, she was won around to the marriage by Henry and Beatrice's promise to remain living with and attending her.[164]
Victoria was pleased when Gladstone resigned in 1885 after his budget was defeated.[165] She thought his government was "the worst I have ever had", and blamed him for the death of General Gordon at Khartoum.[166] Gladstone was replaced by Lord Salisbury. Salisbury's government only lasted a few months, however, and Victoria was forced to recall Gladstone, whom she referred to as a "half crazy & really in many ways ridiculous old man".[167] Gladstone attempted to pass a bill granting Ireland home rule, but to Victoria's glee it was defeated.[168] In the ensuing election, Gladstone's party lost to Salisbury's and the government switched hands again.[58]
March 17, 1885: Christian Theophil GUTLEBEN was born on December 6, 1883 in Fontanelle,Washington, NE and died on May 10, 1968 in , Contra Costa,CA at age 84.
Christian married Emma Wilhemina WOLKENHAUER on November 30, 1911 in Fruitvale,Alameda,CA. Emma was born on March 17, 1885 and died on November 4, 1983 in ,Contra Costa,CA at age 98. [59]
March 17, 1876: Joseph Trion Patterson (b. March 17, 1876 in GA / d. September 16, 1949).[60]
March 17, 1898
Willis Goodlove’s oldest son is suffering with a severe cold. (Winton Goodlove’s note:That would have been my dad, Wallace Harold Goodlove.)
March 17, 1898
Willis Goodlove is slowly recovering from his recent illness.[61]
Marcy 17, 1907: Helene Gottlieb, born Kaufmann, March 17, 1907 in Linnich.
Resided Siegburg. Deportation: From Trier-Koln, July 27, 1942, Theresienstadt
October 4, 1944, Auschwitz. Missing.[62]
March 17, 1917: Thus for the first time, open public discussion of the possibility of rural school consolidation in the Buck Creek area was enjoined. This beginning, however,, was something less than auspicious. Buell’s address was apparently something less tnan inspirational and may even have helped stiffen opposition to consolidation. The address received no coverage in the Leader, not even in Chalice’s own column. Whatever the case, it failed to produce any groundswell of support for consolidation in the Buck Creek area. Doubtless part of the reason a consolidation drive failed to get under way was that Albert M. Deyoe, the state superintendent of public instruction, had recently come under attack in the press. Opponents of rural school consolidation in the General Assembly had charged him with using his control over the disbursement of state moneys to force farmers into paying for consolidated schools they neither needed or wanted.[63]
Spring 1917: In the spring of 1917, there was still insufficient support for consolidation in the Buck Creek Parish for it to carry in the entire town ship. The most frequent objection to consolidation voiced was that the increased cost of building and maintaining a consolidated school of the size and with the equipment necessary to receive state aid would be prohibitive. Lacking an urban center and consisting entiresly of the territory of country school districts, consolidation would necessitate confiscatory taxes. As many of the older farmers in the area put it, the chances were great that building such a school would “bust’em.” [64]
March 17, 1921: At the Cairo Conference attended by Winston Churchill and T.E. Lawrence (better known as “Lawrence of Arabia”) it was agreed that Transjordan (an Arab State) should be separated from Palestine “thus enabling Britain to fulfill its wartime pledges to both the Arabs and the Jews.” The decision reinforced the right for Jews to “be able to settle the land from the Mediterranean to the Jordan, from the Galilee to the Negev.” (“This comprised the area of both Israel and the West Bank today.”)[65]
March 17, 1931: Dorian Gottlieb, born March 17, 1931, resided Nordhausen. Deportation: October 28, 1938, from Bentschen Abgeshoben. Date of Death: Unknown[66]
March 17, 1935: The Palestine Maccabee Association announced that it would not participate in the 1936 Olympics to be held in Germany because of that country’s treatment of its Jewish citizens.[67]
• March 17, 1942: In eastern Poland, the Belzec Concentration Camp opened as 1,500 Jews arrive from the Lviv Ghetto in the western Ukraine[68] the first of the Aktion Reinhard camps to be put into operation.[69] At that time 30,000 Lublin Polish Jews were transported to this death camp.[70]
March 17, 1942(28th of Adar, 5702): In Pochep, Russia, 1,816 Jewish villagers were massacred in an anti-tank ditch.[71]
March 17, 1942: Fifteen hundred Lvov Jews are killed and 800 are deported to Auschwitz.[72]
March 17, 1942: Pinkas Gottlieb, born February 20,1872 in Storozynetz, Bukowina;
Prenzlauer Berg, Strasburger Str. 41; 4. Resided Berlin. Deportation: from Berlin
November 1, 1941, Litzmannstadt, Lodz. Date of death: March 17, 1942, Litzmannstadt/Lodz am.[73]
March 17, 1943(10th of Adar II, 5703): More than 1200 Jews from Lvov, Ukraine, were killed at Piaski, Poland, as retribution for the March 16 murder of an SS trooper by a Jewish man. Eleven Jewish policemen were hanged in the ghetto, 1000 Jewish slave laborers were executed, and an additional 200 Jews were murdered.[74]
March 17, 1943: Gittel Gottlieb, born July 28, 1915. Deportation: from Berlin, March 17, 1943, to Theresienstadt. October 23, 1944, Auschwitz.[75]
March 17, 1944: A group of 99 prisoners breaks out of the Koldichevo camp. Twenty-four are recaptured and 75 reach partisan units, primarily the Bielski unit.[76]
March 17, 1961 Nineteen-year-old Marina Nikolaevna Pruskakova first meets
Lee Harvey Oswald at a dance at the Palace of Culture for Professional Workers in Minsk. They will
meet again a week later at another dance and will be together for much of the evening.
Oswald’s Diary: March 17 -- I and Erich went to trade union dance. Boring but at the
last hour I am introduced to a girl with a French hair-do and red-dress with white slipper I
dance with her. than ask to show her home I do, along with 5 other admirares. Her name
is Marina. We like each other right away. she gives me her phone number and departs
home with an not-so-new freiend in a taxi, I walk home. [77]
March 17, 2012
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[1] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[2] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[3] http://www.jewishhistory.org.il/history.php?startyear=170&endyear=179
[4] Introducing Islam, Dr. Shams Inati, page 52.
[5] Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity and the DNA of the Chosen People, by Jon Entine. Page 125.
[6] Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity and the DNA of the Chosen People, by Jon Entine. Page 125.
[7] http://matsonfamily.net/WelchAncestry/family_vance.htm
[8] Introducing Islam by Dr. Shams Inati, pg 42.
[9] Biblical Archaeology Review, January/February 2011, Vol 37, No 1. Page 51..
[10] http://www.jewishhistory.org.il/history.php?startyear=170&endyear=179
[11] Heritage:Civilization and the Jews by Abba Eban, 1984, page 38.
[12] Heritage:Civilization and the Jews by Abba Eban, 1984, page 95.
[13] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturnalia
[14] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
[15] www.wikipedia.org
[16] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[17] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Peace_of_Montreal
[18] Essex County Records, Will Book 3, page 84, 1717-1722. Torrence and Allied Families, Robert M. Torrence pgs. 312-313
[19] http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/m/a/n/Joseph-D-Maness/WEBSITE-0001/UHP-0335.html
[20] The Maryland Gazette. See also Green; The Maryland Gazette, 1727-1761.
[21] http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html
[22] http://www.thelittlelist.net/abetoawl.htm#abenaki
[23] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[24] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/patrick-henry-voices-american-opposition-to-british-policy
[25] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/parliament-repeals-the-stamp-act
[26] During the decade preceding the outbread of the American Revolution, the four Jews (William Trent, the two Gratz brothers, and David Franks of Philadelphia) maintained complicated trading arrangements with William Murray and George Croghan, who were leading figures in the western trade in Pennsylvania, and, in partnership with them, speculated boldly in western lands. A time for Planting, The First Migration 1654-1823 by Eli Faber 1992 pg.86.
[27] Washington’s Journal, From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969, page 108.
[28] Washington’s Journal, From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969, page 109.
[29] Wikipedia
[30] Among the first cases of the courtof Common Pleas, County of Franklin, State of Oho, at Columbus, are leagal records, which have drenched the honorble lineage and name of this family through the mud of disgrace in a lawsuit, ' Stephenson vs Sullivan'. The oppenent tryng to prove, that since the youngest child of Hugh and Ann (Whaley Stephenson was dcceased, the rest of their children were illegitimate and disqualified to receive the inheritance of the 6666 /3 acres, ling and being in the County of Franklin, State of Ohio; which was due them, through the sevices of their father, Col. Hugh Stephenson, in the revolutionary War. The state of Virginia granted the allotment according to his rank, located in the Virinia Military tract, which was reserved to VIRGINIA< TO ENBLE THAT STATE TO PAY THEIR SOLDIRS < IN THE STATE OF OHIO> UNQUESTIONED aRE THE RCORDS OF Col. Hugh Stephenson, as he had earned every acre of the land allotted to him. He was a commanding officer, a captain with a company of men, who marched from Shepherdstown on the Shenandoah River (now in West Virginia), to relieve the siege at Boston, 1775. Marching about 600 miles with plenty of action. Capt. Hugh Stephenson received wounds, which were the cause of his death, at which time he ranked as a colonel. His will was probated in December of 1776, at Martinsburg, W. Virginia. His half-brother, Valentne Crawford, was one of he executors. Capt. William Crawford (the oter half-brother0 and John Stephenson (his fullbrother), were also ascrbed as executors. His will was made and dated, July 20, 1775.
[31] The George M. Bedinger Papers in the Draper Manuscript Collection Transcribed and indexed by Craig L. Heath
[32] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/patrick-henry-named-colonel-of-first-virginia-battalion
[33] ON This Day in America by John Wagman.
[34] Maj. G. M. Bedinger’s writings. Lower Blue Licks, May 30th 1831. The George M. Bedinger Papers in the Draper Manuscript Collection, Transcribed and indexed by Craig L. Heath pg. 77
[35] Photo by Sherri Maxson, November 15, 2009
[36] Maj. G. M. Bedinger’s writings. Lower Blue Licks, May 30th 1831.The George M. Bedinger Papers in the Draper Manuscript Collection, Transcribed and indexed by Craig L. Heath pg. 78
[37] From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969, page 73.
[38] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Kemp%27s_Landing
[39] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/nathanael-greene-takes-command-of-long-island
[40] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-siege-of-boston
[41] The Complete Guide to Boston’s Freedom Trail by Charles Bahne, page 4.
[42] The Complete Guide to Boston’s Freedom Trail, Third edition by Charles Bahne, page 5.
[43] (23651,f139, 28 Mar 77) Notes from the British Museum by Bruce and Marie Burgoyne pg. 86
March 28, 1977
[44] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/nathanael-greene-takes-command-of-long-island
[45] Wikipedia
[46] Wikipedia
[47] http://www.history.com/topics/andrew-jackson
[48] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[49] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[50] http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~harrisonrep/harrbios/battealHarr3466VA.htm
[51] www.frontierfolk.net/ramsha_research/families/Stephenson.rtf
[52] Wikipedia
[53] Wikipedia
[54] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[55] Annotated by Jeff Goodlove
[56] Red River Campaign by Ludwell H. Johnson pp. 98-99.
[57] http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/holocaust/peopleevents/pandeAMEX101.html
[58] wikipediia
[59] Descendents of Elias Gotleben, Email from Alice, May 2010.
[60] Proposed Descendants of William Smithe
[61] Winton Goodlove papers.
[62] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
[2] Gedenkbuch (Germany)* does not include many victims from area of former East Germany).
[63] Hopkinton Leader, March 17, 1917
[64] There Goes the Neighborhood, by David R. Reynolds, page 169.
[65] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[66] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
[67] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[68] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[69] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1770.
[70] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[71] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[72] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1775
[73] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
{2}Der judishchen Opfer des Nationalsozialismus
“Ihre Namen mogen nie vergessen werden!”
[74] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[75] [1] Gedenkbuch, Opfer der Verfolgung der Juden unter der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft in Deutschland 1933-1945. 2., wesentlich erweiterte Auflage, Band II G-K, Bearbeitet und herausgegben vom Bundesarchiv, Koblenz, 2006, pg. 1033-1035,.
[76] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1778.
[77] http://www.assassinationresearch.com/v2n1/chrono1.pdf
[78] Red Wing Black Bird, by Goodwill, Elgin, IL
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