This Day in Goodlove History, February 5
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Jeff Goodlove email address: Jefferygoodlove@aol.com
Surnames associated with the name Goodlove have been spelled the following different ways; Cutliff, Cutloaf, Cutlofe, Cutloff, Cutlove, Cutlow, Godlib, Godlof, Godlop, Godlove, Goodfriend, Goodlove, Gotleb, Gotlib, Gotlibowicz, Gotlibs, Gotlieb, Gotlob, Gotlobe, Gotloeb, Gotthilf, Gottlieb, Gottliebova, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlow, Gutfrajnd, Gutleben, Gutlove
The Chronology of the Goodlove, Godlove, Gottlob, Gottlober, Gottlieb (Germany, Russia, Czech etc.), and Allied Families of Battaile, (France), Crawford (Scotland), Harrison (England), Jackson (Ireland), LeClere (France), Lefevre (France), McKinnon (Scotland), Plantagenets (England), Smith (England), Stephenson (England?), Vance (Ireland from Normandy), and Winch (England, traditionally Wales), including correspondence with George Rogers Clarke, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson,and ancestors Andrew Jackson, and William Henry Harrison.
The Goodlove Family History Website:
http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/g/o/o/Jeffery-Goodlove/index.html
The Goodlove/Godlove/Gottlieb families and their connection to the Cohenim/Surname project:
• New Address! http://www.familytreedna.com/public/goodlove/default.aspx
• • Books written about our unique DNA include:
• “Abraham’s Children, Race, Identity, and the DNA of the Chosen People” by Jon Entine.
•
• “ DNA & Tradition, The Genetic Link to the Ancient Hebrews” by Rabbi Yaakov Kleiman, 2004.
“Jacob’s Legacy, A Genetic View of Jewish History” by David B. Goldstein, 2008.
Anniversary: Joan Abney and Jon L Lorence 30,
Birthday: William H.H. Plum 168
February 5, 1265: Pope Clement IV (Gui Faucoi le Gros) (Guy Foulques the Fat) appointed, Clement IV named Pope to 1268 [1]
February 5, 1428: King Alfonso V, ordered Sicily's Jews to attend conversion sermons.[2]
1429: At Tenochtitlan form triple alliance with Texcoco and Tlacopan, Henry VI begins to expel French from England, Philip of Burgundy creates Order of the Golden Fleece, King Charles VII rules France when crowned by help of Joan of Arc, Joan of Arc has vision of Mary telling her to lead French to victory, routs the English, turning point of Hundred Years War, King Charles VII claims French throne away from Henry VI of England [3]
1430: The culverin, a two-man hand-held cannon, fielded by the French.[4] By the beginning of the 1430s… the Spanish church began to denounce “New Christians” as heretics and blasphemers, for many of the New Christians secretly practiced Judaism and, in the presumed safety of their homes, trasmitted it to their children. Outwardly Christian but often secretly Jewish, New Christians also incurred the wrath of the nobility because of their frequent social prominence as well as their influence upon the gonvernance of the realm. In addition, the general population despised them because of their success as financiers and their service as tax collectors.[5] Sultans of Kilwa on E Africa begin grand building program, Collpase of Khmer empire in SE Asia, Joan of Arc captured by Burgundians at Compiegne, Modern English develops from Middle English, height of Spanish author Perez de Guzman, “Mad Marjorie” the great cast-iron gun invented, Gutenberg experiments with moveable type, Beginning of first Dutch school of music, Siege of Paris – Joan of Arc sees visions, is captured by Burgundians and is sent to ENG, Azores discovered, claimed for Portugal, Joan of Arc captured by Burgundians, Sultans of Kilwa on E Africa begin grand building program, Collpase of Khmer empire in SE Asia, Gutenberg experiments with moveable type. [6]
February 5, 1576: Henry of Navarre, who will become Henry IV, converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France.[7]
February 5, 1631: • 1631: Roger Williams emigrated to Boston. A believer in religious toleration, Williams would be forced to leave Boston which populated by the intolerant Puritans. In Rhode Island, Williams would practice the religious toleration that became part of the American fabric and would make the United States a unique experience for the Jews. [8] Roger Williams, the founder of Rhode Island and an important American religious leader, arrives in Boston in the Massachusetts Bay Colony from England. Williams, a Puritan, worked as a teacher before serving briefly as a colorful pastor at Plymouth and then at Salem. Within a few years of his arrival, he alarmed the Puritan oligarchy of Massachusetts by speaking out against the right of civil authorities to punish religious dissension and to confiscate Indian land. In October 1635, he was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony by the General Court.
After leaving Massachusetts, Williams, with the assistance of the Narragansett tribe, established a settlement at the junction of two rivers near Narragansett Bay, located in present-day Rhode Island. He declared the settlement open to all those seeking freedom of conscience and the removal of the church from civil matters, and many dissatisfied Puritans came. Taking the success of the venture as a sign from God, Williams named the community "Providence."
Among those who found a haven in the religious and political refuge of the Rhode Island Colony were Anne Hutchinson,like Williams, exiled from Massachusetts for religious reasons; some of the first Jews to settle in North America; and the Quakers. In Providence, Roger Williams also founded the first Baptist church in America and edited the first dictionary of Native American languages.[9]
February 5, 1754
1754 William and Hannah Crawford purchase 64 acres of land from Elijah Teague, (who was moving to some part of Carrolinia)[10] February 5, 1754, formerly part of 300 acres of land owned by Richard Pendals. Deed Book B, page 148, Frederick Co., VA. Proclamation of Governor Robert Dinwiddle for volunteers for the Virginia defene and security.
William Crawford and his brother Valentine Crawford, Jr., enlisted in the service and took the oath to King George Ill. Recorded in the “Old” Court House, Winchester, VA.[11]
February 5, 1762: – Land Grant: Richard Stephenson -180 acres. This is believed to be the property that Stephenson owned that adjoined Peter Burr’s Bardane property.[12]
February 5, 1771; The gentlemen all went away. I rid to my mill in the afternoon.[13]
(February 5, 1773)
Interestingly McClure wrote later in his diary (February 5, 1773) when
He reached Pittsburgh again:Drinking, debauchery & all kinds of vice reign, in this frontier of depravity. [14]
February 5, 1777: But why would Eleanor have used the surname Howard rather than McKinnon when obtaining the marriage license? On February 5, 1777, the General Assembly of Maryland enacted a law which made it necessary for every male 18 years and older, every civil officer, senator, delegate to congress or assembly, member of council, elector of the senate, attorneys at law, every voter for delegate, sheriff, electors of to the senate, and all other persons holding any office of trust or profit in the state to sign an Oath of Allegiance and Fidelity to the state of Maryland and the cause of freedom before a magistrate of the court. John Dodson signed the Oath on February 5, 1777. However, Daniel McKinnon, being ordained by the Church of England had sworn an oath to the king of England and if he were still in Maryland, probably felt he could not make such an oath. A careful review reveals there is no record of him signing the Oath of Allegiance.If it is correct that Daniel McKinnon returned to Britain in 1776 or 1777 as a result of the dis-establishment of the Church of England, Eleanor no longer had a home. The law required that she obtain the marriage license in the county where she usually resided and since the family moved frequently, she may have needed proof that she usually resided in Anne Arundel County. What better proof than the Howard surname that had long been associated with Anne Arundel County.
With Daniel McKinnon out of the country, Eleanor could have wanted to set the record straight as to her true father.
Since the illegitimate birth of Eleanor McKinnon was a very scandalous affair at that time,
the clerk of the court for Anne Arundel County granting the license was someone who usually had intimate knowledge of the county and he may have known that the true father of Eleanor McKinnon was a Howard. (A review of the original record shows no interlineations or changes in the marriage license entry.)[15]
On February 5, 1777, the General Assembly of Maryland enacted a law which made it necessary for
every male 18 years and older, every civil officer, senator, delegate to Congress or assembly, member
of council, elector of the senate, attorneys at law, every voter for delegate, sheriff, electors to the
senate, and all other persons holding any office of trust or profit in the state to sign an Oath of
Allegiance and Fidelity to the state of Maryland and the cause of freedom before a magistrate of the
court. John Dodson signed the Oath on February 5, 1777. However, Daniel McKinnon, being
ordained by the Church of England had sworn an oath to the King of England and if he were still in
Maryland, probably felt he could not make such an oath. A careful review reveals there is no record of
him signing the Oath of Allegiance.
If it is correct that Daniel McKinnon returned to Britain in 1776 or 1777 as a result of the dis-
establishment of the Church of England, Eleanor no longer had a home. The law required that she
obtain the marriage license in the county where she usually resided and since the family moved
frequently, she may have needed proof that she usually resided in Anne Arundel County. What better
proof than the Howard surname that had long been associated with Anne Arundel County.
With Daniel McKinnon out of the country, Eleanor could have wanted to set the record straight as to
her true father.
Since the illegitimate birth of Eleanor McKinnon was a very scandalous affair at that time, the clerk of
the court for Anne Arundel County granting the license was someone who usually had intimate
knowledge of the county and he may have known that the true father of Eleanor McKinnon was a
Howard. (A review of the original record shows no interlineations or changes in the marriage license
entry.) [16]
February 5, 1777: On this day in 1777, Georgia formally adopts a new state constitution and becomes the first U.S. state to abolish the inheritance practices of primogeniture and entail.
Primogeniture ensured that the eldest son in a family inherited the largest portion of his father's property upon the father's death. The practice of entail, guaranteeing that a landed estate remain in the hands of only one male heir, was frequently practiced in conjunction with primogeniture. (Virginia abolished entail in 1776, but permitted primogeniture to persist until 1785.)
Georgians restructured inheritance laws in Article LI of the state's constitution by abolishing entail in all forms and proclaiming that any person who died without a will would have his or her estate divided equally among their children; the widow shall have a child's share, or her dower at her option.
The British colonies in North America, and particularly the southern colonies, were known as a haven for younger sons of the British gentry. Most famously, Benjamin Franklin announced in his autobiography that he was the youngest Son of the youngest Son for 5 Generations back. Moving to the colonies was an attractive option for younger sons like Franklin because there younger sons could take their monetary inheritance and build up their own estates, whereas primogeniture and entail prevented them from inheriting similar estates in the mother country.[17]
February 5, 1778
Headqtrs., Ft. Pitt February 5th, 1778
Dr Sir
As I am credibly informed that the English have lodged a quantity of arms, ammunition, provision & clothing at a small Indian town about 100 miles from Fort Pitt, to support the savages in their excursions against the inhabitants of this and adjacent counties, I ardently wish to collect as many brave active lads as are willing to turn out, to destroy this magazine. Every man must be provided with a horse, & every article necessary to equip them for the expedition, except ammuntion, which, with some arms, I can furnish.
It may not be unnecessary to assure them, that everything they are able to bring away shall be sold at public venue for the sole benefit of the captors, & the money equally distributed, tho’ I am certain that a sense of the service they will render to their country will operate more strongly than the expectation of gain. I therefore expect you will use your influence on this occasion, & bring all the volunteers you can raise to Fort Pitt by the 15th of this month.
I am, dear Sir, Obdt humble Servt. Edwd Hand Col. Wm. Crawford.
N.B. The horses shall be appraised, & paid for if lost.
…The army was more interested in the warriors they thought were hidden in the other wegiwas and cabins of the village, and they poured a hot, prolonged fire into them, which gradually dwindled away as they realized they were shooting at structures in which there were no men. Then Michikapeche, the wife of Pimoacan, emerged from a cabin and tried to flee amidst a hail of bullets. A rifle ball clipped off the tip of one of her fingers, and she was overtaken and on the verge of being tomahawked and scalped when Maj. William Crawford intervened and ordered that she be taken prisoner.317 The village was then ransacked, but only a small amount of plunder was found and taken.
Another detachment of this brave army struck a second Delaware town up the Mahoning. It, too, was empty except for five squaws. One was taken prisoner. Nearby a young Indian boy hunting birds with his bow was spotted. He was shot and killed. Then the army set off for home.
Today they arrived at Fort Pitt, and there was little exultation over their accomplishments. Even before the day was over, the abortive expedition was being called by the derisive name it would always retain—the Squaw Campaign.[18]
[Recollections of Samuel Murphy. 3S28-32.J
General Hand’s expedition. This was in the winter 1777-78 with a slight fall of fresh snow. About 400 men [went out]. Col. Providence Mounts, of Mounts Creek,[19] which empties in Youghiogheny, was out. Col. William Crawford, Major Brenton, Capt. John Stephenson, Captain Scott,[20] etc. William Brady, a blacksmith of Pittsburgh, was chosen pilot.[21] Simon Girty was out, and wanted the appointment.
On the way out, Major Brenton lost his horse, and he got Simon Girty to remain with him, they found the horse, and rejoined the army just at the close of the fight, or rather firing, on the Indian town, in the forks of Neshaneck and Shenango and on the eastern bank of the latter.[22] Orders had been given as they approached the town to surround it, but Colonel Mounts did not fully accomplish his part, and left a gap, and Pipe’s wife and children got off, a little fall of snow on the ground. This Pipe was a brother of Captain Pipe[23]. The mother of the Pipes, an old squaw was pursued and shot at repeatedly, when Thomas Ravenscroft[24] ran up to the old squaw and tried to pull her away, but the bullets still flying, and had a ball through his legging; when a Major came up and put a stop to firing, when it was ascertained that the only injury she had received was the loss of an end of a little finger. An old squaw was shot by Lieut. [John] Hamilton[25] and wounded in the leg, mistaking her for a warrior; and a soldier ran up and toniahawked her, and a second ran up and shot her. Pipe shot and wounded Captain Scott and disabled his arm, and when nearly ready to shoot again, some one shot Pipe, and Reasin Virgin passing sunk the tomahawk in his head. Then commenced a wild yelling and shooting, without giving the least heed to the officers. A few cabins only were there, a little plunder obtained. This was about midday in February or March.
That afternoon a party started off for a small Indian settlement several miles up the Mahoning at a place called the Salt Licks.[26] Simon Girty went as pilot. They did not reach the place until in the night, found the warriors all absent hunting, found a few squaws there, and took [one] prisoner and brought her off, the others were left. A small Indian boy out with a gun shooting birds was discovered and killed, and several claimed the honor; and it was left to Girty to decide, and his decision was that one Zach. Connell[27] killed the lad.
At the first town, the mother of Pipe was left in the town. An old Dutchman scalped the squaw that had been killed, and put the scalp in his wallet with his provisions, and in swimming a stream on return the Dutchman lost off his wallet, and exclaimed pathetically “0, I loss my prosock and my scuip.” This was long a byword with the troops.
* * * * * * * *
This campaign of Hand’s was better known as the Squaw campaign.[28] Hand was greatly displeased, and doubtless it contributed greatly towards his leaving the frontiers and rejoining the main army.[29]
February 5, 1778
The military records show that John Dodson was inducted into by Lt. James Brice. This process took place February 5, 1778 in Annapolis, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. [30] Lt. James Brice was the son of Captain John Brice. St. John's parich register shows that on November 19, 1761 Sarah Bryce, the second daughter of Captain John Bryce of Annapolis, Anne Arundel County, Maryland was married to Richard Henderson. [31]This wedding took place while the McKinnon family was associated with St. John's parish. Thus it is likely that Eleanor knew the Brice Family and they could have acted to bring John Dodson and Eleanor (Howard) McKinnon together.
The register for the military unit being formed in Annapolis shows the following enlistments:
Name Rank Date Enlisted Date Discharged Remarks
Majors. Jno pbt February 4, 1778 August 16, 1881 Prisoner
Dodson John Pvt February 5, 1778 June 11, 1778 Discharged
Pringic. John Pvt 6 February 6, 1778 August 16, 1880 Missing
Rady. Laurence Pvt February 7, 1778 July 8, 1779 Deserted
Cheney. John Pvt February 10, 1778
Timms. Edward Pvt February 11, 1778 November 1, 1880 Present
Therefore it appears that John Dodson was not part of any group but rather enlisted himself on that date.[32]
February 5, 1778In the final paragraph of page 343, reference is made to John Dodson serving under Col. Thomas Bull and
being present with Washington at the surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, VA. There appears to be
several things wrong with this claim. First, John enlisted in the military February 5, 1778 and was
discharged June 11, 1778(16). The surrender of Lord Cornwallis took place at Yorktown during October 17th
- 20th, 1781(17), more than three years after John was discharged from military service. Second, the subject
John Dodson was a member of the First Regiment Maryland Line, recruited to fill the quota for Anne
Arundel County, Maryland(18). Col. Thomas Bull commanded the 1st Company, 2nd Bn, Chester County,
Pennsylvania troops. (19) Thus, John Dodson was in the wrong military unit and at the wrong time to have
been at the surrender of Lord Cornwallis.
Units of Pennsylvania troops apparently did participate in the action at Yorktown(20). There was a John
Dodson in the 1st Company, 2" battalion, Chester County, Pennsylvania troops commanded by Lt. Col.
Thomas Bull also reported by Rev. Ege(21). This John Dodson was born in England April 10, 1720 and died
in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania March 10, 1818. He married Mary Eleanor Evans in 1745(22).
Since Rev. Ege was dealing with the entire Dodson family line between 1600 and 1907, it is easy to
understand how data could be confused between two John Dodsons both serving in the Revolutionary War. [33]
The military records show that John Dodson was inducted into service by Lt. James Brice. This
process took place February 5, 1778 in Annapolis, Anne Arundel County, Maryland(62). Lt. James Brice
was the son of Captain John Brice. St. John's parish register shows that on November 19, 1761 Sarah
Bryce, the second daughter of Captain John Bryce of Annapolis, Anne Arundel County, Maryland was
6
married to Richard Henderson(63). This wedding took place while the McKinnon family was associated
with St. John's parish. Thus it is likely that Eleanor knew the Brice Family and they could have acted
to bring John Dodson and Eleanor (Howard) McKinnon together. [34]
John Dodson voluntarily enlisted on February 5, 1778. The marriage license to John and Eleanor was
issued on February 17, 1778. John passed muster on February 27, 1778. John Dodson, the first child
of Eleanor and John was bom on December 25. 1778(65). Thus, Eleanor was about three months
pregnant and probably the reason for John's discharge on June 11, 1778.
But why would Eleanor have used the surname Howard rather than McKinnon when obtaining the
marriage license? [35]
February 5, 1778: During the American Revolution South Carolina became the first state to ratify the Articles of Confederation, which was the first document of national governance for the newly created United States of America which was still fighting Great Britain to gain its independence.[36]
February 5, 1781 Colonel William Crawford resigns his position in the Army. He sat as Justice for Youghiogheny Co., VA.
February 5, Colonel William Crawford was to attend meetings on February 5 and May 8. He did not attend.[37]
February 5, 1782
Morgantown record, Book 1, 1780-1830, the dates of Feb. 5th and May 8th 1782, Col. William Crawford was scheduled to attend, but did not appear. Many times the author has wondered about the reason William Crawford, which kept him away from this meeting on these two given dates. (1782 was the year of the Ohio Sandusky Expedition, on which Col. Crawford was killed). Had he lived, he would have been a very rich man.[38]
February 5,1782: The Spanish defeated British garrison on Minorca and captured the island. When Minorca had become an English possession in 1713, the English willingly offered “asylum to thousands of Jews” who responded in large enough numbers to justify the building of at least one synagogue. However, when the English left the island after this defeat, the Jews left too. After all, Spain was still the land of the Inquisition.[39]
February 5, 1814:
Generation 5:
Thomas Dillow MCKINNON
Birth 1809 in Boone County Kentucky, USA
Death October 28, 1882 in Lowell,Iowa
Married to:Elizabeth SMITH
Birth February 5, 1814 in ,Washington,Virginia,USA
Death May 1880 in Lee, Virginia
Issue of Thomas and Elizabeth:
Mary McKinnon
Theophalis Addison McKinnon
1834 – 1907
Thomas Jefferson McKinnon
1835 – 1904
Robert Jackson. McKinnon Sr.
1837 – 1920
Josephine McKinnon
1838 – 1918
Daniel S McKinnon
1840 – 1914
James Monroe McKinnon
1844 – 1925
Isabella McKinnon
1846 – 1937
Ann Eliza McKinnon
1849 – 1918
John Quincy McKinnon
1850 – 1931
Lillian Sarah McKinnon
1852 –
William A McKinnon
1855 –
Baby Girl McKinnon
1856 –
Stephen Samuel McKinnon
1859 – 1905
Turtullus McKinnon
1859 –
[40]
February 5, 1846: The Adm. of Nancy Vance, decd.....paid from March 4, 1844 to September 4, 1844.
FINAL PAYMENT RECORD
Date of death of Nancy Vance is given as February 8, 1845. Payment made to Law. Marx, Atty., February 5, 1846. Ricmond Roll. No other genealogical data of interest.[41]
From J. W. McElroy[42]
Jacks Creek Yancy Co N Ca
February 5, 1861
To Zebulon Baird Vance
Yours of the 23rd ult from Washington was Received last mail and I was pleased to hear from you as it was the first thing I had Received from you Since you returned there last fall. As to my papers I would like to continue it until I see how Maters will terminate Relative to this Union, I see we are to have a Convention the Election to come off 21st Instant.[43] I do not know who will Run as a candidate in this County bur I suppose. Pearson, [44] Broyles[45] or old Sam Byrd,[46] as I understand thay all want to be Elected to that body. I Suppose a disunion Man will be Elected.[47] I have no time my self to attend any Maters of the kind I am engaged in an other Mans business and my whole time and attention is Required in his business. If you Renew my Subscription for the Intellengencer[48] I will pay you the money on your Return and also for last year.
Give my best Respects to your lady & Children.
Washington.[49][50]
From W. W. Lenoir[51]
To Zebulon B. Vance
Lenoir N. C. February 5, 1861
Please excuse me for troubling you again with a letter on politics. I shall write in great hast, as the mail will soon be closed. Events are hurrying to their consummation with fearful rapidity. It has become apparent that the border Slave States, including North Carolina and Tennessee, are willing to accept the Crittenden Compromise.[52] It has also become apparent that the North are willing to grant it, that a little delay is all that is needed in order that the awakened people of the North may oust the political leaders who have so grossly deceived them, and give them sanction at the ballot box to that just and honorable compromise. But the country has scarcely time to begin to breathe easily in the dawn of returning peaceful counsels, when hope is again obscured by another dark cloud rising in the seceded States. In the consummation of this compromise which would keep the border Slave States in the Union, the seceded States see the commerce of St. Louis and Louisville and Memphis, and Nshville slipping from their grasp to enrich the seaports of the Union. If they can make the sea ports of the Union foreign ports to those four great western cities, they will have secured for their own ports a prize of inestimable value. For this brilliant prize they are willing to play the perious game of war. They know that war will defeat the compromise. They know that if they can inaugurate a state of War with the North that the border Slave States cannot stand on the side of the North in that war. Of this the gallant devotion of those states to sourhern interests gives confirmation strong as holy writ. War then must separate us from the north. The Seceeding Stats know and safely calculate upon that. What will we do when we have separated from the north: The seceded States have many chances in their favor, that we will join them, and gallantly take the brunt of the war upon ourselfes. In the madness of the hour we will be almost compelled to do so. Yet there is a wiser course for us, if some skillful pilot could sieze the helm, and guide us into it. Why should we take upon us a war waged in defiance of our wishes, our counsels our policy and our interests, to forward the interests and selfish ambition of the states which wage it, and which in doing so treat us not as equals, but as dependants? I belive that our best interests would be more truly consulted, if, in the event of war we withdrew from the north and constituted ourselves an armed neutrality. I believe that if we did so the great northwest which is so closely allied to the border slave states in every great interest, would join them in the attitude of neutrality instead of seeking to fight them across the Ohio. The fight would thus whittle down to a broil between New Engand and South Carolina and such of their excited neighbors as were mad enough to join in with them. It would then soon become apparent to those engaged in the fight that it was not a respectable fight, and they would get ashamed and quit. If the war is once commenced I believe that the course I have indicated would be the wisest way to smother it out, and for the best treatment of it that could be adopted by the border slave states. I have only a faint hope that such a plan could be carried in to effect.
The war might be entiresly prevented and the secessionists thoroughly whipped, by the immediate withdrawal of the troops from the Southern forts. I have but little hope that the administration can be induced to take this course; yet how obvious it is that it would achieve for it a brilliant and gloodless victory! Perhaps if the compromise convention now in session in Washington [53] would urge this course upon the President he might be induced to adopt it. Is it not worth their attention? Perhaps if that convention finds that there is no way to prevent the seceded states from playing their last great card of War, they will fdo well to devise a plan of trumping that card with the armed neutrality of the border states. Perhaps the suggestions which I have trown out so hurriedly have occurred to a thousand minds and been thrown out from a thouseand other pens and tongues, but your will doubtless be pleased to hear the view of one of your constituents though they may present nothing new. Ir you think it worth while, please show this to Governor Morehead, if the convention of which he is a member is still in session. I will be pleased to hear from you. If you find a spare moment to devote to me.
Washington.
[54] [55]
Fri. February 5, 1864
Left cario at 2 pm passed Columbus[56] KY hickman Ky both small land bluffy[57]
February 5-7, 1865: Battle of Hatcher’s Run, VA.[58]
February 5, 1879
Zebulon Baird Vance
37th and 43rd Governor of North Carolina
In office
January 1, 1877 – February 5, 1879
Preceded by
Curtis Hooks Brogden
Succeeded by
Thomas Jordan Jarvis
In office
September 8, 1862 – May 29, 1865
Preceded by
Henry Toole Clark
Succeeded by
William Woods Holden
United States Senator from North Carolina
In office
March 4, 1879 – April 14, 1894
Preceded by
Augustus S. Merrimon
Succeeded by
Thomas Jordan Jarvis
Personal details
Born
(1830-05-13)May 13, 1830
Weaverville, North Carolina
Died
April 14, 1894(1894-04-14) (aged 63)
North Carolina
Political party
Whig/American (pre-Civil War)[1]
Conservative Party of NC (c. 1862–1872)[2][3]
Democratic (1872–1894)
Spouse(s)
Harriette Vance
Children
4
Profession
lawyer, colonel, politician
Zebulon Baird Vance (May 13, 1830 – April 14, 1894) was a Confederate military officer in the American Civil War, the 37th and 43rd Governor of North Carolina, and U.S. Senator. A prodigious writer, Vance became one of the most influential Southern leaders of the Civil War and postbellum periods.
Childhood
Zebulon Vance was born in Buncombe County, North Carolina near present-day Weaverville,[4] the third of eight children. His family is known to have owned a relatively large number of slaves (18). His uncle was Congressman Robert Brank Vance, for whom his elder brother, Robert B. Vance, was named. At age twelve he was sent to study at Washington College in Tennessee, now known as Washington College Academy.The death of his father forced Vance to withdraw and return home at the age of fourteen. It was during this time that he began to court the well-bred Miss Harriette Espy by letter.[5]
Zebulon Vance birthplace
To improve his standing, Vance determined to go to law school. At the age of twenty-one, he wrote to the President of the University of North Carolina, where he was a member of the Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies, former Governor David L. Swain, and asked for a loan so that he could attend law school. Governor Swain arranged for a $300 loan from the university, and Vance performed admirably. By 1852 Vance had begun practicing law in Asheville, and was soon elected county solicitor (prosecuting attorney). By 1853, he and Harriette Espy were married, and they would subsequently have four sons.
Civil War
By the time the ordinance of secession had passed in May 1861, Vance was a captain stationed in Raleigh, commanding a company known as the "Rough and Ready Guards," part of the Fourteenth North Carolina Regiment. That August, Vance was elected Colonel of the Twenty-sixth North Carolina. The Twenty-sixth engaged in battle in New Bern in March 1862, where Vance conducted an orderly retreat. Vance also led the Twenty-sixth at Richmond. The Twenty-sixth was ultimately destroyed at the Battle of Gettysburg, losing more than 700 of its original 800 members, though Vance at that time was no longer in military service.
In September 1862, Vance won the gubernatorial election. In the Confederacy Vance was a major proponent of individual rights and local self-government, often putting him at odds with the Confederate government of Jefferson Davis. For example, North Carolina was the only state to observe the right of habeas corpus and keep its courts fully functional during the war. Also, Vance refused to allow supplies smuggled into North Carolina by blockade runners to be given to other states until North Carolinians had their share. Vance's work for the aid and morale of the people, especially in mitigating the harsh Confederate conscription practices, inspired the nickname "War Governor of the South." Vance was re-elected in 1864.
Post-War career
Governor Vance was arrested by Federal forces on his birthday in May 1865 and spent time in prison in Washington, D.C. Per President Andrew Johnson's amnesty program, he filed an application for pardon on June 3, and was paroled on July 6.[6] After his parole, he began practicing law in Charlotte, North Carolina. Among his clients was accused murderer Tom Dula, the subject of the folk song "Tom Dooley." Governor Vance was formally pardoned on March 11, 1867, though no formal charges had ever been filed against him leading to his arrest, during his imprisonment, nor during the period of his parole.[6]
In 1870, the state legislature elected him to the United States Senate, but due to the restrictions placed on ex-Confederates by the 14th Amendment of the Constitution, he was not allowed to serve. In 1876, Vance was elected Governor once again (during which time he focused on education), and in 1879 the legislature again elected him to the United States Senate. This time he was seated, and he served in the Senate until his death in 1894. After a funeral in the U.S. Capitol, Vance was buried in the Riverside Cemetery in Asheville.[6]
Starting in about 1870, Vance gave a speech hundreds of times he called "The Scattered Nation," which praised the Jews and called for religious tolerance and freedom amongst all Americans. In 1880, Vance married Florence Steele Martin of Kentucky.[7][8]
Quotes
About Vance
"He was the Mount Mitchell of all our great men, and in the affections and love of the people, he towered above them all. As ages to come will not be able to mar the grandeur and greatness of Mount Mitchell, so they will not be able to efface from the hearts and minds of the people the name of their beloved Vance."
– T. J. Jarvis, Governor from 1879 to 1885
By Vance
"The purpose of war is to explore each other."
Unconfirmed
"A vale of humility between two mountains of conceit."
Supposedly said by Vance about North Carolina. The two mountains of conceit are Virginia and South Carolina. This is also attributed to Alexander Hamilton, but probably predates both Hamilton and Vance.
Legacy
There are several monuments dedicated to Vance:
Vance Monument in Asheville, North Carolina, with the Merrill Lynch building in the rear
· An obelisk similar to the Washington Monument in Washington, D.C. is dedicated to Vance in Pack Square, Asheville.
· A statue on the south grounds of the North Carolina State Capitol in Raleigh
· A bronze in the National Statuary Hall Collection in Washington, D.C.
· A small monument located where his post-war home once stood (1865–1894), at Sixth and College Streets, in Charlotte
· One of the administrative buildings at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is named Vance Hall in his honor.
· A portrait of Vance hangs behind the President's chair of The Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
· His birthplace is a state historic site in Weaverville.[9]
Several locations and schools in North Carolina bear Vance's name:
· The town of Zebulon, in Wake County
· The town of Vanceboro, North Carolina
· Vance County on the North Carolina – Virginia border
· Zebulon B. Vance High School in Charlotte
· Zeb Vance Elementary School in Kittrell
· Vance Masonic Lodge A.F.&A.M. #293 in Weaverville
In World War II, the United States liberty ship SS Zebulon B. Vance was named in his honor.
Notes
1. ^ Holden, W. W. (1911). Memoirs of W. W. Holden. Durham, NC: The Seeman Printery. p. 19. http://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/holden/holden.html.
2. ^ 1862 Gubernatorial election. Ourcampaigns.com (2005-01-21). Retrieved on 2012-04-03.
3. ^ 1872 U.S. Senate election. Ourcampaigns.com (2006-12-26). Retrieved on 2012-04-03.
4. ^ Vance Birthplace, official website. Ah.dcr.state.nc.us. Retrieved on 2012-04-03.
5. ^ University of North Carolina, Zebulon Baird Vance, edited from the DICTIONARY OF NORTH CAROLINA BIOGRAPHY. Docsouth.unc.edu. Retrieved on 2012-04-03.
6. ^ a b c Zebulon Baird Vance, 13 May 1830-14 Apr. 1894. Docsouth.unc.edu. Retrieved on 2012-04-03.
7. ^ Rasmussen, Steve. Mountain Xpress – Asheville's Monument to Tolerance, May 7, 2003. Mountainx.com. Retrieved on 2012-04-03.
8. ^ University of North Carolina – Asheville, Ramsey Library, Special Collections. Toto.lib.unca.edu (2007-01-05). Retrieved on 2012-04-03.
9. ^ Cultural Resources, North Carolina Department of (2010-01-11), NC Historic Sites – Vance Birthplace, http://www.nchistoricsites.org/vance/vance.htm, retrieved 2010-02-14
Further reading
· Clement Dowd, Life of Zebulon B. Vance (Charlotte, N. C., 1897), outdated
· Gordon McKinney, Zeb Vance : North Carolina's Civil War Governor and Gilded Age Political Leader (Chapel Hill, N. C., 2004), standard scholarly biography
· Sharyn McCrumb, "Ghost Riders" (Signet, May 4, 2004)includes a fictionalized account of Vance's life told in first person.
· Yates, Richard E. "Zebulon B. Vance: as War Governor of North Carolina, 1862‑1865," Journal of Southern History (1937) 3#1 pp 43‑75 online
External links
· Vance Birthplace
· North Carolina State Library Biography
· Congressional Biography
· Learn NC
Political offices
Preceded by
Henry T. Clark
Governor of North Carolina
1862–1865
Succeeded by
William W. Holden
Preceded by
Curtis H. Brogden
Governor of North Carolina
1877–1879
Succeeded by
Thomas J. Jarvis
United States Senate
Preceded by
Augustus S. Merrimon
United States Senator (Class 3) from North Carolina
1879–1894
Served alongside: Matt W. Ransom
Succeeded by
Thomas J. Jarvis
Governors and Lieutenant Governors of North Carolina
Governors
Lieutenant
Governors
•Caldwell
•Brogden
•Jarvis
•Robinson
•Stedman
•Holt
•Doughton
•Reynolds
•Turner
•Winston
•Newland
•Daughtridge
•O. Gardner
•Cooper
•Long
•Fountain
•Graham
•Horton
•Harris
•Ballentine
•Taylor, Sr.
•Hodges
•Barnhardt
•Philpott
•Scott
•Taylor, Jr.
•Hunt
•Green
•Jordan
•J. Gardner
•Wicker
•Perdue
•Dalton
•Forest
United States Senators from North Carolina
Class 2
lass 3
•Hawkins
•Bloodworth
•Stone
•Franklin
•Stone
•Locke
•Macon
•Iredell
•Mangum
•Strange
•W. Graham
•Haywood
•Badger
•Biggs
•Clingman
•Pool
•Merrimon
Vance
•Jarvis
•Pritchard
•Overman
•Morrison
•Reynolds
•Hoey
•Ervin
•Morgan
•East
•Broyhill
•Sanford
•Faircloth
•Edwards
•Burr
[59]
May 13, 1830
NC Office of Archives and History
Zebulon Baird Vance, best known as North Carolina's Civil War Governor, was born in Buncombe County in the North Carolina mountains on May 13, 1830. His family was Scotch-Irish on both sides and he was the third of eight children of David and Mira Baird Vance.
Zeb Vance was born into a family with a history of military and public service. During the American Revolution, his grandfather, Colonel David Vance, had suffered through a bitter winter with Washington's Army at Valley Forge and had fought at Germantown, Brandywine, and the Battle of Monmouth. His uncle, Dr. Robert Brank Vance, was a congressman from 1824 to 1826 and Vance's father was a captain during the War of 1812.
The family lived in the house that Colonel David Vance had built in the 1790s and while the family was 'long on tradition,' they were often short of cash. Young Zeb was sent to Washington College in East Tennessee when he was about twelve; Zeb returned home when he was just fourteen because his father had died.[60]
February 5, 1917: The Congress of the United States overrides President Wilson’s veto of the Immigration Act of 1917, which contains a literacy test, making the act the law of the land. This override marked the end of a twenty yearlong battle that had begun in 1897 when President Grover Cleveland vetoed an immigration act passed by Congress. President Taft vetoed a similar bill in 1913. Jewish groups opposed the act, especially the literacy test, because they saw it as a thinly veiled way to exclude Jewish immigrants from eastern and southern Europe from coming to the United States. Jewish immigration to the United States peaked in 1906 when 150,000 Jews made their way to the United States. In 1914, even with the war having broken out in, 140,000 Jews came to the United States. By 1917, only 14,000 Jews were admitted to the United States.[61]
February 5, 1929: Fifth Aliyah begins. The Fifth Aliyah marked a ten-year period when approximately 250,000 Jews settled in pre-War Palestine. This new wave of Jewish immigration was sparked by a number of causes including the restrictions on immigrations adopted by the United States in the 1920’s, the end of the Arab Uprising of the 1920’s and the rise of Hitler which brought a wave of German immigrants to the Jewish homeland. The arrival of the Germans changed the nature of the Jewish community, because unlike the previous immigrants they were not from Russia and they were not committed Zionists eager for life on the Kibbutz.[62]
February 5, 1933: In Germany all Communist Party buildings and printing presses were expropriated by Hitler’s new Nazi government. Hitler would equate his war against the Communists with his war against the Jews.[63]
In 1933, within weeks of Hitler's rise to power in Germany, the German Consul-General in Palestine, the pro-nazi Heinrich Wolff,[104] sent a telegram to Berlin reporting al-Husseini's belief that Palestinian Muslims were enthusiastic about the new regime and looked forward to the spread of Fascism throughout the region. Wolff met al-Husseini and many sheiks again, a month later, at Nabi Musa. They expressed their approval of the anti-Jewish boycott in Germany and asked Wolff not to send any Jews to Palestine.[105] Wolff subsequently wrote in his annual report for that year that the Arabs' political naïvety led them to fail to recognize the link between German Jewish policy and their problems in Palestine, and that their enthusiasm for Nazi Germany was devoid of any real understanding of the phenomenon.[106] The various proposals by Palestinian Arab notables like al-Husseini were rejected consistently over the years out of concern to avoid disrupting Anglo-German relations, in line with Germany's policy of not imperilling their economic and cultural interests in the region by a change in their policy of neutrality, and respect for British interests. Hitler's Englandpolitik essentially precluded significant assistance to Arab leaders.[107] Italy also made the nature of its assistance to the Palestinian contingent on the outcome of its own negotiations with Britain, and cut off aid when it appeared that the British were ready to admit the failure of their pro-Zionist policy in Palestine.[108] Al-Husseini's adversary, Ze'ev Jabotinsky had at the same time cut off Irgun ties with Italy after the passage of antisemitic racial legislation.[64]
February 5, 1937: In an article published in the Evening Standard, Winston Churchill “continued to issue his warnings about the growing menace of Nazi tyranny.”[65]
February 5, 1941: On this day in 1941, Adolf Hitler scolds his Axis partner, Benito Mussolini, for his troops' retreat in the face of British advances in Libya, demanding that the Duce command his forces to resist.
Since 1912, Italy had occupied Libya because of purely economic "expansion" motives. In 1935, Mussolini began sending tens of thousands of Italians to Libya, mostly farmers and other rural workers, in part to relieve overpopulation concerns in Italy. So by the time of the outbreak of the Second World War, Italy had enjoyed a long-term presence in North Africa, and Mussolini began dreaming of expanding that presence--always with an eye toward the same territories that the old "Roman Empire" had counted among its conquests.
Also sitting in North Africa were British troops, which, under a 1936 treaty, were garrisoned in Egypt to protect the Suez Canal and Royal Navy bases at Alexandria and Port Said. Hitler had offered to aid Mussolini early on in his North African expansion, to send German troops to help fend off a British counterattack. But Mussolini had been rebuffed when he had offered Italian assistance during the Battle of Britain. He now insisted that as a matter of national pride, Italy would have to create a Mediterranean sphere of influence on its own--or risk becoming a "junior" partner of Germany's.
But despite expansion into parts of East Africa and Egypt, Mussolini's forces proved no match for the Brits in the long run. British troops pushed the Italians westward, inflicting extraordinary losses on the Axis forces in an attack at Beda Fomm. As Britain threatened to push the Italians out of Libya altogether and break through to Tunisia, Mussolini swallowed his pride and asked Hitler for assistance. Hitler reluctantly agreed (it would mean the first direct German-British encounter in the Mediterranean)--but only if Mussolini stopped the Italians' retreat and kept the British out of Tripoli, the Libyan capital. But the Italians continued to be overwhelmed; in three months, 20,000 men were wounded or killed and 130,000 were taken prisoner. Only with the arrival of German Gen. Erwin Rommel would the Italian resistance be strengthened against further British advances. Even with Germany's help, Italy was able to defend its North African territory only until early 1943.[66]
February 5, 1941 : The Law for the Protection of the State is passed in Romania, making Romanian Jews subject to double the punishment meted out to other Romanians for crimes committed.[67]
Enterprise and Task Force 8 returned to Pearl Harbor on February 5, receiving a far different welcome than they'd been given in the wake of the December 7 attack. Daring and, more importantly, successful, the raid was the Navy's first significant victory in the Pacific War. Enterprise, her men, and the ships accompanying her were hailed as heroes upon their return, saluted by cheers from men on ships in the anchorage and personnel on shore.
Particularly after the war, it became evident that the damage inflicted during the raid fell short of initial estimates, not to mention newspaper reports which trumpeted the raid as a Japanese Pearl Harbor. Nonetheless, Enterprise's Air Group packed a punch. At Kwajalein, one transport and two smaller vessels were sunk, and another eight ships damaged, roughly half the number originally reported sunk. Nine planes were destroyed on the ground at Taroa and Roi, and three Claudes shot down over the atolls, at the cost of one VF-6 Wildcat and five SBDs. Numerous installations were destroyed throughout the northern Marshalls.
The real significance of the raid was not found on the balance sheet of damage inflicted and suffered, but in the lessons learned. Halsey's action report repeatedly notes the poor performance of the ship's anti-aircraft batteries, stating:
"The inability of the 5" AA battery to knock down the formation of enemy twin-engine bombers ... is a matter of grave concern. ... AA Gunnery Practices [should] be scheduled when opportunity offers, with ship steaming at not less than 25 knots. If adequate safeguards can be introduced, ship should be required to make radical changes of course."
In their first encounter with their Japanese counterparts, the Air Group came away less than impressed, noting the Japanese fighters seemed easily discouraged when faced with two or three SBDs working together defensively. Both the Air Group and the ship's company gained valuable combat experience, making them much better prepared for the carrier-vs-carrier brawls that would mark the late spring and fall of 1942. And though hardly enough to stall the Japanese offensive, the raid served notice to both sides that the striking arm of the U.S. Navy was not lying broken on Pearl Harbor's muddy bottom.[68]
February 5, 1943
Italian dictator Benito Mussolini dismisses Foreign Minister Count Ciano and assumes his duties.[69]
February 5, 1943: For 14 hours the Jews of Birkenau stood in place, in the snow, during a roll call. Then each was beaten, chased or sent to the gas chamber.[70]
February 5, 1943: Rutka Laskier, a fourteen year old living in Bedzin, Poland wrote in her diary: “The rope around us is getting tighter and tighter. Next month there should already be a ghetto, a real one, surrounded by walls. In the summer it will be unbearable. To sit in a gray locked cage, without being able to see fields and flowers. Last year I used to go to the fields; I always had many flowers, and it reminded me that one day it would be possible to go to Malachowska Street without taking the risk of being deported. Being able to go to the cinema in the evening; I'm already so "flooded" with the atrocities of the war that even the worst reports have no effect on me. I simply can't believe that one day I'll be able to leave the house without the yellow star. Or even that this war will end one day ... If this happens, I will probably lose my mind from joy.
But now I need to think about the near future, which is the ghetto. Then it will be impossible to see anyone, neither Micka, who lives in Kamionka C, nor Janek, who lives in D, and not Nica, who lives in D. And then what will happen? Oh, good Lord. Well, Rutka, you've probably gone completely crazy. You are calling upon God as if He exists. The little faith I used to have has been completely shattered. If God existed, He would have certainly not permitted that human beings be thrown alive into furnaces, and the heads of little toddlers be smashed with butts of guns or be shoved into sacks and gassed to death ... It sounds like a fairy tale. Those who haven't seen this would never believe it. But it's not a legend; it's the truth. Or the time when they beat an old man until he became unconscious, because he didn't cross the street properly. This is already absurd; it's nothing, as long as there won't be Auschwitz ... and a green card ... The end ... When will it come? ...”[71]
February 5, 1943: For one week Germans are greeted with an armed uprising as they try to deport the final group of Bialystok Jews. By February 12th, 18,000 were in hiding. Another 10,000 would end up in Treblinka.[72]
• February 5-12, 1943: In Bialystok, 2,000 Jews are killed and 10,000 deported to Treblinka; Jews offer armed resistance.[73]
In Tunisia, the Jews of Djerba are forced to pay 10 million francs to the German authorities.[74]
February 5, 1943:On February 5, Rothke telexzed to the Ordnungspolizei that three convoys were scheduled and that escort commandos of 12 to 15 men had to b e provided. On the same day, Rothke asked the Gestapo in Dijon to transfer the Jews under their command for deportation on February 9 and 11. [75]
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[1] mike@abcomputers.com
[2] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[3] mike@abcomputers.com
[4] http://www.talonsite.com/tlineframe.htm
[5] A time for Planting, The First Migration 1654-1823 by Eli Faber 1992 pg 5.
[6] mike@abcomputers.com
[7] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[8] This day in jewish history
[9] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/roger-williams-arrives-in-america
[10] The River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969 p.42.`
[11] The Brothers Crawford, Allen W. Scholl, 1995
[12] http://www.relivinghistoryinc.org/Timeline---Historic-Events.html
[13] (From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969, page 118.)
[14] Diary of David McClure, New York, Knickerbocker Press, 1899, p. 108 The Brothers Crawford, Scholl, 1995, p. 24-25.
[15] (http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[16] (http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[17] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/georgia-constitution-abolishes-primogeniture-and-entail
[18] That Dark and Bloody River, Allan W. Eckert 3NN95 Transcript. Draper Series, Volume III Frontier Defense on the Upper Ohio, 1777-1778 Wisconsin Historical Society pgs. 201-202
[19] 80 Providence Mounts was a Marylander by birth, and is said to have been with Washington at Fort Necessity. In 1768 he removed to the Youghiogheny, in what is now Connellsville township of Fayette County, where he erected a mill on a creek which there emptied into the river. During the Revolution he was colonel of the 2nd battalion of Westmoreland militia, and in addition to this expedition served in the pursuit of the savage enemy after the sack of Hannastown (1782). He died at his home in 1784, and after his decease his land was patented to his descendants.—Eo.
[20] 81 Capt. David Scott was born on the South Branch of Potomac River, but in I7~O? he moved to the Monongahela, near the site of the present Granville—a town founded by his son Felix Scott.—Monongalia County, West Va. Captain Scott built one or more mills in the vicinity, and was a prominent resident. In i7~? Indians murdered his daughters Fanny and Phebe as they were taking dinner to men in the hayfield. Later, a son named James barely escaped capture. An old house said to have been built by Captain Scott in 1776, was lately standing on the farm of the Gapen family, who descended from Captain Scott’s youngest daughter.—ED.
[21] 82 Nothing more appears in reference to this guide. According to Samuel Murphy’s recollections, he was not of the family of Samuel Brady.—Eo.
[22]The first of these two streams is usually written Neshannock. The village raided must have been on the site of the present town of Newcastle, Mercer County, Pa. This was probably part of the Kuskuskies towns (see ante, note 45), which originally were built by the Iroquois. These villages seem to have still been their abode when Washington visited the West in 1753. The latter did not enter Kuskuskies, but passed near it on his route from Logstown to Venango. After the opening of the French and Indian War, the Iroquois abandoned this region, which was then given over to the Delawares, who had important settlements on Beaver Creek and its branches. There the Moravian envoy Frederick Christian Post visited them in the summer of 1758. He describes Kuskuskies as composed of four towns, some distance apart, and says that at one of them the French had built houses for the Delawares; probably it was on the site of Newcastle. In the period between the English capture of Fort Duquesne (1758), and Pontiac’s War (1763), the Delaware tribesmen withdrew in large measure to the Tuscarawas and Muskingum. The village raided by Hand’s warriors —would appear to have been at this time (1778) inconsiderable, with few vestiges of its former importance.—En.
[23] Captain Pipe. Hopocan (Tobacco Pipe) and Konieschquanokee (Maker of Light/Maker of Day). (1724-1794). A hereditary sachem of the wolf clan of the Delaware (Munsee). His early life is unclear, but the presumption is that he was raised along the Susquehanna River and moved to the Ohio Country in the 1750s. He is mentioned at a conference with George Croghan and Hugh Mercer together with other Indian warriors at Fort Pitt in July 1759. He fought in both the French and Indian War as well as in Pontiac’s Rebellion. Captain Pipe urged the Moravians Christian Post and John Heckewelder to persuade the settlers to come to Indian land to trade—not to settle. In other words, come as did the French. Pipe preferred the French Jesuits to the Moravians. He emphasized that the Indian would no longer be pushed west as had happened to those along the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers. Pipe attempted a ruse on the forces at Fort Pitt in 1763, but was found out and was held as a prisoner. He resented the “take it or leave it” peace proposal of Henry Bouquet in 1764. Captain Pipe, as a principal Delaware chief, attended the conferences at Fort Pitt in 1765 and 1768. Perhaps his most important trip to Fort Pitt was in May 1774, when he and other chiefs went to Fort Pitt to talk with John Connolly, George Croghan and others about the murder of members of Chief John Logan's family. The failure of Captain Pipe and his fellow chiefs to gain satisfaction was a major lead-in to Dunmore's War.
During the American Revolution he was a leader among the Delaware in support of the British. In 1778, General Edward Hand’s forces killed his mother, brother and some of his children. In spite of this action, he and his grandson Killbuck with White Eyes signed an agreement with the Continental Congress. In 1778, the commandant of Fort Pitt, General McIntosh, requested permission from Captain Pipe to move through his Ohio territory in order to attack the British at Detroit. Pipe agreed and McIntosh built Fort Laurens in eastern, OH, to protect the Delaware against the British and encroaching White settlers.
When Colonel Daniel Brodhead attacked and destroyed the Delaware village at Coshocton, OH, Pipe moved solidly into the British camp. Captain Pipe disagreed with the Christian conversion of many of his Delaware brothers and "seceded" from his Indian nation in order to fight the White people. He and his followers captured Colonel William Crawford in a battle around Upper Sandusky, OH, in 1782. This is the event where Crawford was tortured before being killed. Captain Pipe is said to have been the one to paint Crawford's face black—the mark condemning a prisoner to death. When Simon Girty attempted to intercede, Pipe threatened to kill him as well. This is perhaps the single event that marks the life of Captain Pipe.
After the Revolutionary War, Pipe attended and signed the Treaty of Fort MacIntosh in 1785 and the treaty at Fort Finney in 1786. He fought against General Harmar in 1790 and in 1791 against General St. Clair. He is believed to have died a few days before the Battle of Fallen Timbers (August 20, 1794).
Colonists who talked to Captain Pipe, such as George Croghan and David Heckewelder, spoke of him being “sensible, clever, sober….” Although 1794 is generally accepted at the date of his death, some argue he lived until 1812-14. The confusion may result from his son also carrying the name "Captain Pipe."
http://www.thelittlelist.net/cadtocle.htm
[24] 84 Thomas Ravenscroft was born about 1750, and brought up in the family of Col. William Crawford. His first military service was in Dunmore’s army in 1774; the next year (1775) he enlisted in Capt. John Stephenson’s company, and later joined the 13th Virginia under Colonel Russell. Discharged at the close of 1777 or early in 1778, he was out with Hand on this expedition, and in 1781 enlisted under Clark for service in an expedition to Detroit, with a commission as lieutenant. Clark’s expedition having been abandoned, Ravenscroft‘as employed in guarding the frontier. When out with Col. John Floyd in September, 1781, he was captured and taken prisoner to Detroit—see original letter of Floyd, relating this event, in Draper MSS., 51J89. From Detroit he was sent down to Montreal and there (June 20, 1782) made his escape, but was shortly recaptured—see Canadian Archives. 1887, p. 307. At the close of the Revolution, Ravenscroft was exchanged and returned to Kentucky, where he married either the widow or daughter of Col. John Hinkston. He was living in Harrison County, Ky., as late as 1823.—ED.
[25] 85 Lieut. John Hamilton lived in what is now Washington County, Pa. In the autumn of 1775 he enlisted in the 13th Virginia and served in the Eastern army, being at the battles at head of Elk River, at Brandywine, and Germantown. He would seem to have been ordered to Fort Pitt late in 1777, and to have served in the West until his discharge on Nov. 23, 1778. Ten years later he moved to Ohio with Stites and Symmes, who were settling the Miami country. Hamilton was employed as an Indian trader, and died in Ohio in 1822. For much of this information, our thanks are due to Mr. John S. Hunt of Chicago—En.
[26] 86 For the location of Salt Lick Town, see ante, p. 178, note 45. The town at this site was, according to the testimony of John McCullough, a captive living at the place, built in 1755. During the French and Indian and Pontiac’s wars it was a place of much importance, and several prisoners were brought there to be delivered to General Bouquet (1764). After that, however, the town declined, but the lick was frequented for salt-making until 1804, when a final skirmish occurred between the aborigines and the intruding white settlers—ED.
[27] 87 Zachariah Connell, founder of the Pennsylvania town named Connellsville in his honor, was a native of Virginia (1741) and settled upon this site about 1770. With him came his brother James, who married Anne, daughter of Col. William Crawford. In 1776 Zachariah was appointed captain of militia for Yohogania County, and one of the justices for the same. He was very regular in attendance at county court, as the records show. Connell was a surveyor and laid out a large landed estate for himself; he acted also as business agent for prominent Eastern investors in Western lands. In 1793 he chartered the town bearing his name; and in 1800 built the first bridge over the river at this place. He died at his home in the village Aug. 26, 1813. At the time of his death he was building a large stone house, which still stands in the borough of Connellsville.—En.
[28] 88 The British report of this misadventure is given in Mich. Pion. & Hist. Colls., ix. p. 436: “A party from Fort Pitt had fallen on a Delaware Village and killed or carried off eight persons, but unfortunately for the Rebels they have struck in the wrong place and have sent back two squaws who were prisoners to atone for their error.”—En.
[29] Draper Series, Volume III Frontier Defense on the Upper Ohio, 1777-1778, Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison pgs. 215-220
[30] . (Muster Rolls & Other Records of Service of Maryland Troops in the American Revolution, 1775-1783. Muster of Maryland Troops, Vol. 1, First Regimant, Genealogical Publishing Co) ., Inc. Baltimore, MD, 1972.)
[31] (Maryland State Archives, St. John's Parish Records, Microfilm Roll M 229. Page 331.)
[32] (http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[33] (http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[34] (http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[35] (http://washburnhill.freehomepage.com/custom3.html)
[36] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[37] The Brothers Crawford, Allen W. Scholl, 1995
[38] (From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col. William Crawford, by Grace U. Emahiser, 1969, page 118.)
[39] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[40] http://www.familytreecircles.com/the-revolutionary-patriot-family-of-nancy-harrison-mckinnon-49896.html
[41] Ancestors of Forrest Roger Garnett p. 910.12
[42] John W. McElroy (1808-1886), a prominent merchant and farmer of Yancey County, was the father-in-law of Vance’s brother, Robert B. Vance, and colonel of the Yancey Militia. In September of 1863 he was appointed a brigadier general in the Home Guards by Governor Vance. Asheville Spectator, May 11, 1853, Asheville News, November 8, 1855; Clark, N. C. Regts., IV, 651, V. 7.
[43] The election of delegates was scheduled for February 28, 1861.
[44] Probably Isaac A. Pearson.
[45] Probably J. M. Broyles, postmaster at Burnsville.
[46] Samuel D. Byrd, of Burnsville, who became lieutenant colonel of the Seventy second Battalion of Home Guards in 1863. Clark, N. C. Regt, IV, 656.
[47] The delegate from Yancey to the Convention of 1861 was Milton Pinkney Penland 1813-1880), a merchant who usually refused political preferment, who was known as a conservative man in politics, but who was a pronounced secessionist after the election of Lincoln, McCormick, Personnel, pp. 66=67. In the election of February 28, 1861, the people voted down a convention, and Penland was elected later to represent Yancy County.
[48] The National Intelligencer was a well-known conservative paper published in Washington , D. C. A daily since 1813, it was usually the “recognized organ” of the Whig administrations.
[49] A. L. S. Z. B. Vance Papers, State Department of Archives and History, Raleigh
[50] The Papers of Zebulon Baird Vance, Edited by Frontis W. Johnston, page 96.
[51] Lenoir had just returned, in the fall of 1860, from a trip throughout the middle west, and his letters reflect his realization of the importance of the commerce of that section to the Sourth. Lenoir Papers, passim.
[52] The proposal of Senator Crittenden, the most notable of the compromise plans presented in Congress, was concerned primarily with slavery in the territories. I t did not concern itself with the slavery issue as such so much as it treated the issue of the impingement of federal jurisdiction upon slavery. To remove the question of slavery from the realm of federal activity, therefore, it was necessary to deal with it in limited and specific areas, such as territories, arsenals, and forts. On some of the minor aspects of the slavery question statuatory action was deemed sufficient; among his resolutions were those which called for the faithful execution of the Fugitive Slave Law, the repeal of the Personal Liberty Acts, and the enforcement of the laws prohibiting the foreign slave trade. But the heart of Crittenden’s proposition had to do with the territorial question, where the success of compromise depended upon comprehensiveness. Accordingly, Crittenden propsed to make his compromise irrevocable by embodying the major part of it in a series of unalterable Constitutional amendments which “no future amendment of the Constituion shall affect.” He proposed amendments to the Constitution to provide that the territories be divided along the line of thirty thirty minutes; that slavery be forever prohibited in the territory north of that line; that it be allowed to go into the region south of that line and receive congressional protection there so long as the area remained under territorial governments; that when a state shold be organized in the southern area the people thereof could exclude or maintain slavery as they desired; that the United Staes guarantee payment for excaped slaves; that slavery be protected in the states in which it sas legal; and that Congress should not interfere with the interstate slave trade. Crittenden introduce d his resolutions on December 18, 1860; on December 22 they were defeated in committee; in the last hours of the session they were allowed to come to a vote in Congress and were defeated; in the Senated 20 to 19; in the House of Representatives 113 to 80. In the Senated not one affirmative vote was Republican, but every negative vote was Republican. In the House of Representatives the minority of 80 contained not one Republican, and 110 of the 113 negative votes were cast by Republicans. Cong. Globe.
[53] The Peace Convention , a conference of twenty one states which assembled in Wahington on February 4, 1861, at the call of the Viginia Legislature.
[54] A.L. S. Z. B. Vance Papers, State Department of Archives and History, Raleigh.,
[55] The Papers of Zebulon Baird Vance, edited by Frontis W. Johnston, page 97-98
[56] Arrived at Columbus at 4 o’clock made a short stop and then proceeded on our journey everything going off smoothly. (Rollins Diary) http://ipserv2.aea14.k12.ia.us/iacivilwar/Resources/rollins diary.htm
[57] William Harrison Goodlove Civil War Diary annotated by Jeff Goodlove
[58] (State Capital Memorial, Austin, TX, February 11, 2012.)
[59] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebulon_Baird_Vance
[60] http://thomaslegion.net/zebulon_baird_vance.html
[61] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[62] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[63] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[64] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haj_Amin_al-Husseini#World_War_I
[65] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[66] http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/hitler-to-mussolini-fight-harder
[67] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1764.
[68] http://www.cv6.org/1942/marshalls/marshalls_2.htm
[69] On This Day in America by John Wagman.
[70] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[71] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[72] http://thisdayinjewishhistory.blogspot.com/
[73] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1775
[74] Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, Israel Gutman, Editor, page 1775
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